scholarly journals Ni(II) Butylmethyldithiocarbamate: Physico-Chemical Properties, X-Ray Crystallography, DFT and Anti-Corrosion Screening in Different Acids

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Nor Farah Hida Othman ◽  
Noor Syafiqah Habdul Latif ◽  
Sheikh Ahmad Izzadin Sheikh Mohd Ghazali ◽  
Erna Normaya Abdullah ◽  
Nur Nadia Dzulkifli
Keyword(s):  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Attenuated Total Reflection ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Loss Analysis ◽  
X Ray Crystallography ◽  
Industrial Sectors ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Vis Spectroscopy ◽  
Acid Environment

In industrial sectors, pickling and acid cleaning are mutual processes where acid solutions, such as hydrochloric acid (HCl) and sulfuric acid (H2SO4), are used to eliminate the corrosion products yielded on metal surfaces; thus, improving the performance of the machineries. However, the usage of the acid could lead to another metal deterioration. Dithiocarbamate inhibitor is defined as an organic compound that has good corrosion inhibition properties that can work as an inhibitor in an acid environment. Dithiocarbamate (DTC) assists by reducing acid reactiveness which prohibits metal dissolution in the acid. In this study, the Ni(II) N-butylmethyldithiocarbamate (Ni[BuMedtc]2) complex was synthesised by using an in-situ method and characterised by elemental analyser, attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR), ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy and X-ray crystallographic study, and the chemical properties of the Ni[BuMedtc]2 complex was successfully calculated by the Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) approach. The experimental results which were obtained through the weight-loss analysis method in two different acids – 1 M HCl and 1 M H2SO4 – indicated that the inhibition efficiency increased as the inhibitor concentration increased. The outcome showed that the Ni[BuMedtc]2 performed better as an inhibitor in 1 M HCl as compared to in1 M H2SO4 to protect the metal exterior because H2SO4 is more corrosive due to the excessive presence of H+.

Magnetization of aminated lignin and characterization

TAPPI Journal ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (01) ◽  
pp. 21-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xueqing Qiu ◽  
Yingzhi Ma ◽  
Dafeng Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Total Pore Volume ◽  
Vibrating Sample Magnetometer ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Bet Method ◽  
Scanning Electron

A magnetic lignin-based nanomaterial (MLN) was prepared from alkaline lignin through an amination and precipitation strategy and characterized with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), thermogravimetric analysis (TG), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) method, scanning electron microscope (SEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS), and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). The results illustrated that MLN was thermostable and had an extensive degree of aminated lignin coating. The specific surface area of MLN was 65.43 m2/g, with the total pore volume of 0.311 cm3/g. The zeta potential of MLN was positive when pH was less than 2.9, and the saturation magnetization was 50.8 emu/g. The characterization data discovered that the physico-chemical properties of MLN were helpful for the adsorption application.

Physico-Chemical and Morphological Changes of Sayong Kaolinite Clay Treated with Sulphuric Acid for Enzyme Immobilization

2013 ◽  
Vol 832 ◽  
pp. 589-595 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.A. Edama ◽  
A. Sulaiman ◽  
K.H. Ku Hamid ◽  
M.N. Muhd Rodhi ◽  
Mohibah Musa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Area ◽  
Sulphuric Acid ◽  
Enzyme Immobilization ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Kaolinite Clay ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Mineral Oxides ◽  
Physico Chemical

This study analyzed the effects of sulphuric acid (H2SO4) treatment on pysico-chemical properties and morphological changes of clay obtained from Sg. Sayong, Perak. The clay was ground and sieved to <150μm and treated with different concentrations of H2SO4. The treatment was completed by refluxing the clay with different concentration of H2SO4 (1M, 5M and 10M ) at 100 °C for 4 hours and followed by calcination at 500 °C for 1 hour. The physic-chemical properties and morphological changes of the untreated and treated clay were compared using Surface Area Analyser, X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Field Emission Scanning Electron Micrograph (FESEM), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and Fourier Transformed Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). The results showed that acid treatment of 5M increased the surface area from 25 m2/g to 75 m2/g and the pore volume increased from 0.1518 cc/g to 0.3546 cc/g. The nanopore size of the clay decreased from 24.8 nm to 19.4 nm after treated with acid. This can be explained due to the elimination of the exchangeable cations and generation of microporosity. The results of XRF showed SiO2 increased from 58.34% to 74.52% and Al2O3 reduced from 34.6% to 18.31%. The mineral oxides such as Fe2O3, MgO, CaO, K2O and TiO2 also reduced. This concluded that H2SO4 treatment has led to significant removal of octahedral Al3+, Fe3+ cations and other impurities. In conclusion, this study showed the physico-chemical properties and morphology of Sayong clay were improved once treated with H2SO4 and therefore suggests better supporting material for enzyme immobilization.

Physical Chemistry of the Interface between Attached Micro-Organisms and Their Support

1990 ◽  
Vol 22 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. G. Rouxhet ◽  
N. Mozes
Keyword(s):  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Bacterial Adhesion ◽  
Surface Composition ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Dlvo Theory ◽  
Support Surface ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Polymer Molecules ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Micro Organisms

The thermodynamic approach of adhesion and DLVO theory are complementary to predict initial bacterial adhesion; the interplay between short- and long-range forces, respectively, may be due to surface roughness. Due to the influence of electrical double layer interactions, adhesion can be promoted by treatments leading to modification of the cell or support surface properties. Adhesion is influenced by cell-cell interactions, by the cpresence of polymer molecules on the surface and by the composition of the medium. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy can be applied to determine the elemental composition of the surface of microorganisms; some information on the chemical functions can also be obtained. The surface composition is related to physico-chemical properties which play a determining role in adhesion and flocculation, in particular the hydrophobicity and the zeta potential.

scholarly journals Emodin Scavenging of Superoxide Radical Includes π–π Interaction. X-Ray Crystal Structure, Hydrodynamic Voltammetry and Theoretical Studies

Antioxidants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miriam Rossi ◽  
Kelly Wen ◽  
Francesco Caruso ◽  
Stuart Belli
Keyword(s):  
Density Functional ◽  
Superoxide Radical ◽  
Therapeutic Option ◽  
Color Variation ◽  
Stable Complex ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X Ray Crystallography ◽  
Π Stacking ◽  
Vis Spectroscopy ◽  
Voltaic Cell

The naturally occurring anthraquinone emodin is found in many plants that have been part of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) for thousands of years. Recent pharmacological studies suggest that emodin might be a valuable therapeutic option for the treatment of various diseases. We describe the antioxidant effects of emodin on the superoxide radical. Our techniques include X-ray crystallography, density functional theory (DFT), and a recently developed cyclovoltammetry improvement, the rotating ring-disk electrode (RRDE) method. X-ray results show offset π–π stacking of emodin units in the crystal, and this type of interaction is supported by the DFT, which indicates one superoxide interacting via π–π stacking with the quinone moiety, by transferring one electron to the ring, and inducing some quinone aromatization. The second superoxide seems to form a stable complex after interacting with the H(hydroxyl) in position 3 of emodin. We show that one molecule of emodin sequesters two molecules of superoxide: one forming a complex with H(hydroxyl) in position 3, and the other due to π–π oxidation of superoxide and emodin ring reduction. We conclude that emodin is a very strong antioxidant. Color variation in the voltaic cell was observed during the RRDE study. This was analyzed and explained using a mini-grid gold electrode for UV-Vis spectroscopy in the voltaic cell.

scholarly journals Effect of TiO2 Addition on Mortars: Characterization and Photoactivity

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (13) ◽  
pp. 2598 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. J. Hernández-Rodríguez ◽  
R. Santana Rodríguez ◽  
R. Darias ◽  
O. González Díaz ◽  
J. M. Pérez Luzardo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mercury Porosimetry ◽  
Setting Time ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Setting Process ◽  
Flow Table ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Important Activity

In this study, mortar specimens were prepared with a cement:sand:water ratio of 1:3:0.5, in accordance with standard EN196-1. Portland CEM I 52.5 R grey (G) and white (W) cements were used, together with normalised sand and distilled water. Different amounts of TiO2 photocatalyst were incorporated in the preparation of the mortar samples. The effect of the addition of TiO2 was studied on mechanical properties of the mortar and cement including compressive and flexural strength, consistency (the flow table test), setting time and carbonation. Characterization techniques, including thermogravimetry, mercury porosimetry and X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD), were applied to study the physico-chemical properties of the mortars. It was shown that adding the photocatalyst to the mortar had no negative effect on its properties and could be used to accelerate the setting process. Specimen photoactivity with the incorporated photocatalyst was tested for NOx oxidation in different conditions of humidity (0% RH and 65% RH) and illumination (Vis or Vis/UV), with the results showing an important activity even under Vis radiation.

The Electrochemical Synthesis of Neutral Zinc(II) Complexes of Schiff Base Ligands: The Crystal Structure of Bis[N-(4-methylphenyl)salicylaldiminato]zinc(II)

1988 ◽  
Vol 43 (5) ◽  
pp. 611-615 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Sogo ◽  
J. Romero ◽  
A. Sousa ◽  
A. de Blas ◽  
M. L. Durán ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Schiff Base ◽  
Schiff Bases ◽  
Electrochemical Synthesis ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Zinc Atom ◽  
Schiff Base Ligands ◽  
Space Group ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Physico Chemical

Abstract The electrochemical synthesis and physico-chemical properties of neutral zinc(II) complexes of bidentate Schiff bases derived from salicylaldehydes are presented together with the X-ray structure of bis[N-(4-methylphenyl)salicylaldiminato]zinc(II). The crystal is monoclinic, a = 21.877(3), b = 8.801(2), c = 12.027(5) Å, β = 96.55(3)°, space group C2/c. The complex is a monomer, and the zinc atom is tetrahedrally coordinated.

A Novel Polyaniline Nanocomposite with Doping Effects of Poly(Methyl Methacrylate) and TiO2 Nanoparticles

2016 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 281-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Unathi Sidwaba ◽  
Usisipho Feleni ◽  
Hlamulo Makelane ◽  
Ezo Nxusani ◽  
Lindsay Wilson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Methacrylate ◽  
Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Conductive Polymer ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Poly Methyl Methacrylate ◽  
Wave Voltammetry ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Doping Effects ◽  
Vis Spectroscopy ◽  
Polyaniline Nanocomposite

Polyaniline (PANI) is a globally investigated conductive polymer with a variety of applications in various fields due to its ease of synthesis and modification. One method of enhancing the physico-chemical properties and processability of PANI is the incorporation of polymers and nanoparticles to form composite and hybrid materials with new features. This study reports the electrochemical synthesis of a polyaniline nanocomposite that incorporates titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2) and poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA). The significant effects of PMMA and TiO2 nanoparticles on structural, morphological, optical and electrochemical properties of native polyaniline were investigated using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy, ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry (CV) and square wave voltammetry (SWV). The formation and deformation of relevant peaks observed from the FTIR spectra confirm the intrusion of PMMA and TiO2 into PANI while the voltammetric results show that the incorporation of both dopants significantly enhanced the electroactivity of PANI in a neutral pH medium.

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