scholarly journals THE INFLUENCE OF STIRRER ON THE DRYING OF WHEAT PARTICLES IN A FLUIDIZED BED AT LOW AIR VELOCITY

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 170-182
Author(s):  
Russul A. Kadhim ◽  
Ekhlas M. Fayyadh ◽  
Sadeq H. Bakhy
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Fluidized Bed ◽  
Air Velocity ◽  
Low Velocity ◽  
Drying Time ◽  
Fluidized Bed Dryer ◽  
Bed Height ◽  
Air Supply ◽  
Outside Diameter ◽  
Equilibrium Content

This study represents an attempt to reduce the drying time of wet grain wheat of the fluidized bed dryer (FBD), using straight blades, and debates the effect of stirrer on the whole drying time at different static bed heights. Experiments for FBD were conducted at the low velocity of air supply (1.45 cm/s) with moisture content for grain wheat 12% and ambient temperature of 37°C for each static bed height (9, 12, and 15 cm). FBD was made from a glass cylindrical column with inside diameter 4.6 cm, outside diameter (5.2 cm) and length (116 cm). The results showed an enhancement of (12- 20.5%) in the total drying time for bed height (9 and 15) cm, respectively. Also, increasing bed height from 9 cm to 15 cm possesses no influence on the equilibrium content of moisture in both techniques of drying either stirred fluidized bed or conventional fluidized bed.  

scholarly journals Pengaruh variasi kecepatan udara dan massa bahan terhadap waktu pengeringan jagung pada alat fluidized bed

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Syahrul ◽  
R. Romdhani ◽  
Mirmanto Mirmanto
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Fluidized Bed ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Air Velocity ◽  
Drying Time ◽  
Post Harvest ◽  
Air Speed ◽  
Maximum Moisture Content

Indonesia is an agricultural country that has many agricultural products so that post-harvest handling is necessary so that the crop is not quickly broken when stored or distributed. One harvests in Indonesia, which require post-harvest handling such as corn. Based on SNI, the maximum moisture content of corn feed raw material has a moisture content of 14%. The water content of the corn used is 20% with a tolerance of ± 0.5%. Variations air speed used is 5 m /s, 6 m /s and 7 m /s with a variation of the mass of material that is 0.5 kg, 1 kg, and 1.5 kg. With the variation of air velocity and mass of the material showed that the higher the speed of the air, the faster drying time. In addition, the heavier material is drained, it will take longer. Variations of air velocity and mass of materials that require the fastest drying time is the air speed of 7 m /s with a mass of 0.5 kg. Variations of air velocity and mass of material that takes the longest drying air is at a speed of 5 m / s with a mass of 1.5 kg of material.

scholarly journals KAJIAN TEKNIS-EKONOMIS ALAT PENGERING PATI SAGU MODEL CROSS FLOW VIBRO FLUIDIZED BED (Study on Technical-Economic of Sago Starch Dryer Model of Cross Flow Vibro Fluidized Bed)

2015 ◽  
Vol 34 (04) ◽  
pp. 448
Author(s):  
Abadi Jading ◽  
Paulus Payung ◽  
Reniana Reniana
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Fluidized Bed ◽  
Financial Analysis ◽  
Cross Flow ◽  
Biomass Fuel ◽  
Sago Starch ◽  
Drying Time ◽  
Fluidized Bed Dryer ◽  
Biomass Stove

The purpose of this research was to evaluate performance of vibro cross flow fluidized bed dryer using biomass fuel for drying sago starch. The phase of research were evaluation of dryer heated by a biomass stove using coconut shell as a fuel and observation of the drying temperature, moisture content, drying time, energy analysis, and drying effiviency, as well as calculation of its economic analysis. The dryer has dimension of 200x50x1500 cm for length, width, hight, respectively, and working capacity of 35kg/process. The results showed that biomass fuel consumption for drying sago starch for 7 hours was 12740,00 MJ (70 kg/process) and electricity consumption for blower and vibrator was 37,80 MJ. Furthermore, the dryer reduced moisture content of sago starch from 42% (wb) to 12% (wb) with temperature in the vibrator chamber of 40-60 oC and relative humidity of 50%, as well as ambient temperature of 30 3C and drying efficiency of 46,02%. Economic analysis showed that the dryer had NPV of Rp. 16.002.858, BCR of 1,53, IRR of 35%, and PBP of 3,51 years.Keywords: Cross flow, vibro fluidized bed dryer, biomass stoves, sago starch, financial analysis ABSTRAKTujuan penelitian ini adalah melakukan pengujian terhadap alat pengering pati berbasis sagu model cross flow vibrofluidized bed bertenaga biomassa. Tahapan penelitian meliputi pengujian alat pengering menggunakan tungku biomassa berbahan bakar tempurung kelapa dengan melakukan pengamatan suhu selama pengeringan, penurunan kadar air, waktu pengeringan, kebutuhan energi, efisiensi pengering, dan analisis finansial. Konstruksi alat pengering pati sagu model vibro fluidized bed bertenaga biomassa berukuran panjang, lebar dan tinggi masing-masing (200x50x1500) cm, serta memiliki daya tampung atau kapasitas maksimum pati sagu basah 35 kg/proses. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa alat pengering ini mampu mengeringkan pati sagu selama 7 jam, dengan konsumsi bahan bakar tempurung kelapa sebanyak 70 kg/proses (1274MJ), kebutuhan daya listrik untuk tenaga blower dan vibrator(37,80 MJ), serta mampu menurunkan kadar air pati sagu dari 42%bb menjadi 12%bb dengan suhu dalam ruang vibrator adalah 40-60 oC, RH 50%, suhu lingkungan 30C dan efisiensi pemanasan (pengeringan) 46,02%.Hasil analisis finansial menunjukan bahwa investasi alat pengering vibro fluidized bedsangat layak dilaksanakan berdasarkan kriteria NPV = Rp. 16.002.858, BCR= 1,53, IRR= 35%, dan PBP tertutupi setelah 3,51 tahun. Kata kunci: Aliran silang, vibro fluidized bed dryer, tungku biomassa, pati sagu, analisis finansial

scholarly journals OPTIMIZATION OF A CLAY-SLATE FLUIDIZED BED DRYER FOR PRODUCTION OF FISH FEED

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 104-110
Author(s):  
Oduntan, O. B ◽  
Oluwayemi, B. J
Keyword(s):  
Fluidized Bed ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Moisture Ratio ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Process Conditions ◽  
Fish Feed ◽  
Drying Time ◽  
Feed Composition ◽  
Fluidized Bed Dryer ◽  
Bed Height

For feed producers who suffer from high intolerance to production costs, the only way to cope with the condition is to avoid devices that drive up costs. Extruded feed processed from a clay-slate dryer through a fluidized bed could be used to make fish feed. The aim of the study was optimise the process conditions on the clay-slate fluidized bed dryer operating at a commercial production of fish feed using the response surface methodology. The fish feed composition were processed at bed height (50-200 mm), drying air temperature (60–120°C), airflow velocity (0.66-0.70 m/s), drying time (10–90 min) and extrudates size (4–8 mm). Product quality parameters such as moisture ratio and dryer efficiency were determined and analyzed. Second-order polynomial equations, containing all the process variables, were used to measured process. Moisture ratio was influenced mostly by linear relationship temperature and drying time. The temperature and the quadratic temperature conditions significantly affected the efficiency of the dryer. For the fluidized bed drying of extruded fish feed, optimal conditions were set for the bed height of 185.76 mm, a temperature of 97.2°C, an air flow rate of 0.67, a drying time of 65.36 min and an extrudate size of 7.40 mm recommended. At these conditions the moisture ratio and efficiency were 0.86 and 74.39, respectively. The influence of the various components of the fluidized bed dryer on the drying rate must be better understood so that control systems can be developed to take full advantage of this technology.

scholarly journals Drying tea in a kilburn vibro fluid bed dryer

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 153-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Akhtaruzzaman ◽  
MR Ali ◽  
MM Rahman ◽  
MS Ahamed
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Fluidized Bed ◽  
Dynamic Equilibrium ◽  
Initial Moisture Content ◽  
Drying Time ◽  
Fluidized Bed Dryer ◽  
Moisture Contents ◽  
Fluid Bed ◽  
Fluidized Bed Drying ◽  
Drying Curve

The fluidized bed drying principles for drying of tea in Bangladesh is thoroughly studied. The experiments were conducted to determine the drying curve, drying time, drying constant and dynamic equilibrium moisture contents of tea at the Bangladesh Tea Research Institute. Drying of tea in a fluidized bed dryer (Kilburn Vibro Fluid Bed Dryer) takes only 20 min for drying from an initial moisture content of 69.1% to a final moisture content of 2.8%. Temperatures of drying air were recorded to be 130°C at the inlet and 90°C at the outlet. The drying constant was found to be 31.05 h-1 and the dynamic equilibrium moisture contents were in the range of 18.3 to 2.0%. Finally the principle of fluidized bed drying was compared with the principle of conventional endless chain pressure type drying. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbau.v11i1.18227 J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 11(1): 153-158, 2013

Teknik Pengeringan Pati Sagu dengan Menggunakan Alat Pengering Cross Flow Fluidized Bed

Agrotek ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abadi Jading ◽  
Paulus Payung ◽  
Eduard Tethool ◽  
Reniana Reniana
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Fluidized Bed ◽  
Cross Flow ◽  
National Standard ◽  
Sago Starch ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
Drying Time ◽  
Fluidized Bed Dryer ◽  
Research Goal ◽  
C 50

<em>Sago starch drying done to reduce the moisture content in starch, so as to increase the shelf life and quality of dry starch. The drying process should be done while maintaining the physicochemical properties of sago starch. The research goal is to find the proper drying techniques to produce dried sago starch has a moisture content corresponding to the Indonesian National Standard (SNI). The experiments were performed three times with variations in temperature 40<sup>o</sup>C, 50<sup>o</sup>C, and 60<sup>o</sup>C. The moisture content of sago starch obtained at temperatures 40<sup>o</sup>C, 50<sup>o</sup>C, and 60<sup>o</sup>C, respectively 13.75% wb, 13.50% wb and 13.42% wb. Drying time at drying temperature of 40<sup>o</sup>C, 50<sup>o</sup>C, and 60<sup>o</sup>C respectively 5.5 hours, 4 hours, and 3 hours. A good drying sago starch using cross flow fluidized bed dryer at a temperature of 60�C ie, it reduces the moisture content more quickly in accordance with the SNI, and gelatinization does not occur during the drying process.</em>

scholarly journals Drying of oil palm frond particles in a fluidized bed dryer with inert medium

2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 593-603 ◽  
Author(s):  
May Yun ◽  
Ifa Puspasari ◽  
Masrinda Tasirin ◽  
Meor Talib ◽  
Wan Daud ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fluidized Bed ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Mass Ratio ◽  
Air Velocity ◽  
Drying Time ◽  
New Model ◽  
Fluidized Bed Dryer ◽  
Oil Palm Frond ◽  
Palm Frond

Drying characteristic of oil palm frond fibres was investigated in a fluidized bed dryer with the presence of inert particles. Sand was used as inert material. Effects of air temperature (60, 70 and 80?C), air velocity (0.79 and 0.85 m/s) and mass ratio of fibres to sand (1:0, 1:1 and 1:2) on the drying curves were investigated. The results showed that the shortest drying time was obtained with the highest air temperature, air velocity and fibres to sand mass ratio. The experimental drying data were fitted to nine existing drying models namely Lewis, Page, Modified Page, Henderson and Pabis, Logarithmic, Two-term, Two-term exponential and Wang and Singh models and a proposed new model. The goodness-of-fit was determined based on the values of r2, c2 and RMSE. The results showed that the best quality of the fit was obtained using the proposed model. The new model was also validated for the superheated steam drying of oil palm empty fruit bunch from other work.

scholarly journals Development of a Fluidized Bed Dryer for Drying of a Sago Bagasse

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nur Tantiyani Ali Othman ◽  
Ivan Adler Harry
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Fluidized Bed ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Poultry Feed ◽  
Drying Rate ◽  
Drying Time ◽  
Fluidized Bed Dryer ◽  
Hot Air ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Sago Waste

Sago is an essential source of starch for some regions in the third and developing world. However, the sago processing industry has been producing a large amount of sago waste, and the untreated waste is usually disposed to the nearest river. It not only leads to the environmental problem, but it is illegal under the Environmental Quality Act 1974. Since the sago waste still has high starch content, which is 58%, it can be converted to high value-added products such as poultry feed. However, before being converted to other products, the sago must be dried to remove the moisture content to prevent any bacteria growth and ensure safety health issues have been observed. Recently, drying of sago bagasse using a fluidized bed dryer (FBD) has gained attention since the dry rate of the material is considerably faster compared to other methods. Due to that reason, the drying of the sago bagasse in the FBD is studied using computational fluid dynamic as it can be executed in a short period of time compared to the experimental approach. The FBD model was developed using ANSYS© Fluent academic version 19.2. The effect of the hot air feed temperature; T=50, 60, 70, and 80°C and velocity of hot air feed; v=1-4 m/s on the sago’s behavior and performance of fluidization profile were studied. The simulation results showed that the high temperature and air feed velocity would result in a rapid drying rate. Besides, the optimum drying rate was at T=60°C with the v=4 m/s as these conditions give a shorter drying time to achieve of final 10% moisture content. It also has the added advantages of reducing the power energy and cost supply. These optimal conditions are very crucial and should be consider as the dried sago bagasse tend to be retrograded when a higher temperature is applied.

Design of Hybrid Drying- Dedusting Unit Processor for Rough Rice Processing

2008 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Law Chung Lim ◽  
Wan Ramli Wan Daud
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Fluidized Bed ◽  
Separation Efficiency ◽  
Cross Flow ◽  
Drying Kinetics ◽  
Rice Husks ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Fluidized Bed Dryer ◽  
Rough Rice ◽  
Superficial Gas Velocity

Advanced drying technology enables drying of rough rice and dedusting of rice husks to be carried out simultaneously in the same unit processor. This paper reports the efficiency of dedusting of rice husks in a two-stage inclined cross flow fluidized bed dryer and the drying kinetics of rough rice in a batch fluidized bed dryer as well as the conceptual design of a hybrid drying – dedusting unit processor. Experimental works had been carried out using rough rice (a Group D particle according to Geldart classification of powders) in a 2.5 m height two-stage inclined fluidized bed column of cross sectional area of 0.61m x 0.15m and a 3 m high batch fluidized bed dryer. The objectives of the study was to investigate the separation efficiency of dedusting of rice husks in the two-stage cross flow fluidized bed dryer and to study the drying kinetics of rough rice drying in the batch fluidized bed dryer. The experimental results showed that the dedusting separation efficiency at low superficial gas velocity gave unsatisfactory separation of merely 40% of rice husks. At higher superficial gas velocity, separation efficiency of rice husks as high as 93% was achieved. In addition, higher distributor inclination angle gave slightly improved separation efficiency. The drying kinetics showed that the residence time that is required to reduce the moisture content of rough rice to 18% (intermediate storage moisture content for second stage drying) is 3 minutes whereas the residence time that is required to reduce the moisture content to 13% (desirable final moisture content) is approximately 10 minutes regardless of the effect of kernel cracking. It was also found that higher drying temperatures gave higher drying rate. A conceptual design has been developed based on the results obtained in the studies. In order to maximize the heat utilization and to carry out two processes viz. dedusting and drying in one unit processor, it is suggested that drying – dedusting can be carried out in a multistage mode where drying is taken place at each stage while dedusting is taking place at the upper stage. This concept can be applied to a packed bed or a fluidized bed unit processor.

scholarly journals KARAKTERISTIK FISIKOKIMIA PATI SAGU HASIL PENGERINGAN SECARA FLUIDISASI MENGGUNAKAN ALAT PENGERING CROSS FLOW FLUIDIZED BED BERTENAGA SURYA DAN BIOMASSA

REAKTOR ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abadi Jading ◽  
Eduard Tethool ◽  
Paulus Payung ◽  
Sarman Gultom
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Fluidized Bed ◽  
Cross Flow ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Sago Starch ◽  
Drying Time ◽  
Fluidized Bed Dryer ◽  
Conventional Drying ◽  
Fluidized Bed Drying

PHYSICOCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF SAGO STARCH OBTAINED FROM FLUIDIZED BED DRYING USING SOLAR AND BIOMASS POWERED CROSS FLOW FLUIDIZED BED DRYER. The research aim is to study the comparative quality of sago starch drying results using cross flow fluidized bed dryer powered by solar and biomass in conventional drying, particularly the chemical composition and physicochemical characteristics. This research was conducted through a drying phase of wet sago starch using a cross flow fluidized bed dryer, and drying in conventional as well as dried sago starch quality testing results are drying. The results of this study indicate that dry sago starch which has been drained by means of cross flow fluidized bed dryer has a chemical composition that does not vary much with starch which is dried by conventional drying, so that the dried sago starch produced by the dryer is very good. On the other hand the use of dryers is the more correct because the physicochemical properties of sago starch using a low drying temperature and drying time is short. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mempelajari perbandingan kualitas pati sagu hasil pengeringan menggunakan alat pengering cross flow fluidized bed bertenaga surya dan biomassa dengan pengeringan secara konvensional, khususnya komposisi kimia dan karakteristik fisikokimia. Penelitian ini dilakukan melalui beberapa tahapan yaitu pengeringan pati sagu basah menggunakan alat pengering cross flow fluidized bed, pengeringan secara konvensional serta pengujian kualitas pati sagu kering hasil pengeringan. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pati sagu kering yang telah dikeringkan dengan alat pengering cross flow fluidized bed memiliki komposisi kimia yang tidak berbeda jauh dengan pati yang dikeringkan dengan cara pengeringan secara konvensional, sehingga pati sagu kering yang dihasilkan oleh alat pengering tersebut sangat baik. Di sisi lain penggunaan alat pengering ini semakin memperbaiki sifat fisikokimia pati sagu sebab menggunakan suhu pengeringan yang rendah dan waktu pengeringan yang singkat.   Kata Kunci: pengering unggun terfluidakan; fisikokimia; pati sagu

scholarly journals Method of producing parboiled rice without steam by fluidized bed dryer

2020 ◽  
Vol 187 ◽  
pp. 01002
Author(s):  
Asadayuth Mitsiri ◽  
Somkiat Prachayawarakorn ◽  
Sakamon Devahastin ◽  
Wathanyoo Rordprapat ◽  
Somchart Soponronnarit
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Fluidized Bed ◽  
Rice Yield ◽  
Experimental Result ◽  
Rice Starch ◽  
Parboiled Rice ◽  
Starch Gelatinization ◽  
Fluidized Bed Dryer ◽  
Head Rice ◽  
Head Rice Yield

A more simple methodology of producing parboiled rice is subject to be investigated in this work with proposed the method, the gelatinization of rice starch, commonly taking place at the steaming step in the traditional process, and drying are combined and replaced by a hot air fluidized bed dryer. A pilot-scale continuous fluidized bed, with a maximum capacity of 140-150 kg/h, has been designed, constructed and tested. Suphanburi 90 paddy variety with high amylose content was dipped into hot water at temperatures of 70, 80, 83°C for 4.0, 3.3, 3.2 h, respectively, to get the moisture content around 47-55% db and dried at 150-170°C using air speed of 3.5 m/s. The paddy bed depth within the dryer was 3 and 5 cm. In the dryer operation, the exhaust air was fully recycled and reheated again by 30 kW electrical heaters to the desired temperature. The experimental result has shown that parboiled rice with a different degree of starch gelatinization could be produced by this technique. The degree ranged between 80-100% as examined by differential scanning calorimeter. The exit moisture content was given in a range of 14-21% db, relying on the drying temperature and soaking time. The aforementioned exit moisture contents were not a detrimental effect on head rice yield although the tempering was not included. The head rice yield was given in the range of 59-66%, depending on the degree of starch gelatinization. The starch granules lost their original shape as revealed by scanning electron microscope.

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