scholarly journals Physical-chemical properties and microstructural characterization of traditional mexican chili (Capsicum annuum L.) powders

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
María de J. Perea-Flores ◽  
Miriam F. Fabela-Morón ◽  
Adolfo A. Rayas-Amor ◽  
Rigoberto V. Pérez-Ruíz ◽  
Rafael Ruíz-Hernández ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Capsicum Annuum ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Laser Scanning Microscopy ◽  
Angle Of Repose ◽  
Flow Properties ◽  
Capsicum Annuum L ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Hausner Ratio

Objective: Evaluate the physical-chemical properties and characterize the microstructure of four varieties of traditional Mexican chili (Capsicum annuum L.) powders: “Arbol”, “Guajillo”, “Piquin” and “Mole ranchero” (Ancho chili). Design/methodology/approach: Physical-chemical properties of chili powders were evaluated by means of moisture content, particle size, aerated and tapped bulk density, Carr index, Hausner ratio, angle of repose (flow properties), capsaicin, and carotenoids content. Microstructure of samples was characterized by Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy and Scanning Electron Microscopy. ANOVA analysis and Tukey test were performed to evaluate the significant statistical difference between samples at 95% of confidence level. Results: “Arbol”, “Guajillo”, “Piquin” and “Mole Ranchero” chili powders presented a cohesive behavior respect to its flow properties related to aerated and tapped bulk density, angle of repose, Carr Index, and Hausner ratio values under moisture content between 6.59-14.48 gH2O/100g d.s. “Arbol” and “Piquin” chili powders presented the higher capsaicin content, while “Guajillo” and “Mole ranchero” showed the higher carotenoids content. FTIR spectra confirmed the presence of secondary amide, phenolic groups, alkanes, and aliphatic chains that belong to capsaicin structure at specific absorption bands. Microstructure of chili powders presented particles with surface imperfections as cracks and dents, and smooth surface that influence physical-chemical and flowability properties. Limitations on study/implications: Hight moisture content affect the physical-chemical properties, flowability and microstructure of traditional Mexican chili powders. Findings/conclusions: Moisture content between 6.59 and 14.48 gH2O/100g d.s. influences the physical-chemical properties, flowability and microstructure of traditional Mexican chili powders. To improve physical-chemical properties and flowability behavior of chili powders is required that moisture content be lower than 6.59 H2O/100g d.s.

scholarly journals Studies on Physio-chemical Properties of Maintainer, Restorer Lines and Hybrids of Chilies (Capsicum annuum L.)

2020 ◽  
pp. 122-138
Author(s):  
Maneechat Nikornpun ◽  
K. Tunjai ◽  
K. Kaewsombat ◽  
T. Tarinta ◽  
Danai Boonyakiat
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Capsicum Annuum ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
General Combining Ability ◽  
The Other ◽  
Capsicum Annuum L ◽  
Combining Abilities ◽  
Parental Lines ◽  
Better Than

Physio-chemical properties of hybrid chilies (Capsicum annuum L.), parental lines and commercial varieties were evaluated in three experiments and showed significant differences among them. Heterosis, and heterobeltiosis were studied in hybrids while, combining abilities were investigated in maintainers and restorers. Positive statistical differences in the general combining ability of the maintainer lines for vitamin C, capsaicin and Hue were observed and general combining ability indicated that, CA1286 and CA1303, were good maintainers for the improvement of capsaicin and vitamin C. The other maintainers;-, CA1441 and CA1442, are good for the improvement of L* and Chroma. The maintainer, CA1441, was better than CA1442 for capsaicin content,- while the maintainer, CA1442, was better than CA1441 for vitamin C. Positivity and statistically significant differences among the restorers were  observed  for vitamin C, capsaicin, Hue and Chroma  and  the lines;-, CA 1447, CA 1448, CA 1449, CA 1450 and CA 1451, were useful for the improvement of these  physio-chemical properties of chilies. 

scholarly journals Aplikasi PCO Plus pada Tanah Bekas Tambang Batu Bata Merah terhadap Serapan P, Ca dan B serta Fruitset Cabai Merah Besar (Capsicum annuum L.)

Agrikultura ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefina Liana Sari ◽  
Rija Sudirja ◽  
Emma Trinurani Sofyan
Keyword(s):  
Capsicum Annuum ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Soil Productivity ◽  
Degraded Soil ◽  
Capsicum Annuum L ◽  
Compound Fertilizer ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Large Numbers

ABSTRACTApplication of liquid organic fertilizer formula plus on degraded soil to improve the productivity of the land and chili (Capsicum annuum L.) productionSoil exploitation in large numbers occurred in the District Wanaraja of Garut Regency. Excavation of soil more than 2 meters from the top layer for the manufacture of red bricks has exceeded the ability of the soil to re-establish its structure. So that the soils, which were agricultural lands, can be classified as degraded soils with less fertility and chemical properties. Lans reuse for agriculture requires adequate recovery and fertilizer input. This study aimed to determine the formula of LOF (liquid organic fertilizer) plus used with NPK compound fertilizer on degraded soil to improve the soil productivity. The design used was a Simple Randomized Block Design (RBD) by 10 combinations of LOF plus treatment with NPK compound fertilizer as follows: A = Control (degraded soil, no fertilizer), B = 0% LOF + 1 NPK, C = 0.25% LOF + 1 NPK, D = 0.50% LOF + 1 NPK, E = 0.75% LOF + 1 NPK, F = 1.00 % LOF + 1 NPK, G = 0.5% LOF + 3/4 NPK, H = 0.5% LOF + 1/2 NPK, I = 0.5% LOF + 1/4 NPK, J = 0.5 LOF + 0 NPK, and K = 1 NPK of normal soil that all replicated three times. The results showed that the degraded soil of red bricks required concentration of LOF above 0.5% to 1% when applied with 1 dose of standard NPK. It is able to balance the uptake of nutrients P, Ca, and B and percentage of fruitset in chili commodities equivalent to normal soil.Keywords: Chilli, Liquid Organic Faertilizer (LOF), NPK, Soil degrededABSTRAKEksploitasi tanah dalam jumlah yang besar terjadi di Kecamatan Wanaraja, Kabupaten Garut. Terjadinya penggalian tanah lebih dari 2 meter dari lapisan atas untuk pembuatan batu bata merah melampaui kemampuan tanah untuk membentuk struktur tanah kembali, sehingga tanah-tanah yang sebelumnya merupakan tanah pertanian ini dapat digolongkan menjadi tanah terdegradasi dengan sifat kimia kurang subur dan pemanfaatan kembali untuk pertanian memerlukan pemulihan dan input pupuk yang cukup. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui formula pupuk cair organik (PCO) plus yang digunakan bersama NPK pada tanah terdegradasi guna meningkatkan kembali produktvitas tanahnya. Rancangan yang digunakan adalah RAK sederhana dengan 10 kombinasi perlakuan PCO plus bersama NPK yaitu A = Kontrol (tanah terdegradasi, tanpa pupuk), B = 0% PCO + 1 NPK, C = 0,25% PCO + 1 NPK, D = 0,50% PCO + 1 NPK, E = 0,75% PCO + 1 NPK, F = 1,00% PCO + 1 NPK, G = 0,5% PCO + 3/4 NPK, H = 0,5% PCO + 1/2 NPK, I = 0,5% PCO + 1/4 NPK, J = 0,5 PCO + 0 NPK, dan K = 1 NPK tanah normal. Semua perlakuan diulang tiga kali. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tanah terdegradasi bekas tambang batu bata merah memerlukan konsentrasi PCO di atas 0,5% sampai dengan 1% apabila diaplikasikan bersama 1 dosis NPKstandar. Hal ini mempu mengimbangi serapan hara P, Ca, dan B serta persen fruitset pada komoditas cabai setara dengan tanah normal.Kata Kunci: Cabai, NPK, Pupuk Cair Organik (PCO), Tanah terdegradasi

scholarly journals Effect of Moisture Content on Selected Physical and Mechanical Properties of Two Varieties of Tigernut (Cyperus spp)

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
pp. 24
Author(s):  
A. S. Oyerinde ◽  
A. P. Olalusi
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Average Length ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Static Friction ◽  
Angle Of Repose ◽  
Tuber Weight ◽  
Porosity Coefficient ◽  
Effect Of Moisture

<p>The effect of moisture content on some physical and mechanical properties of two varieties of tigernuts (<em>Cyperus esculentus</em>) was investigated. These properties include: geometric dimensions, linear dimensions, 1000 tuber weight, bulk density, tuber size, sphericity, angle of repose, porosity, coefficient of static friction and compressive strength. The moisture content levels used were 20, 25, 30, 35 and 40% wet basis (wb), and the two tigernut varieties used were yellow and brown types. The linear dimension, geometric diameter, sphericity, 1000- tuber weight, bulk density and angle of repose in both varieties increased with increasing moisture content. The average length, width and thickness of the yellow variety increases more than the brown variety at the determined moisture contents. True density of the yellow variety increased while the brown variety decreased with increase in moisture content. The porosity of the yellow variety reduces with increase in moisture content from 45.95 at 20% mc to 42.4 at 40% mc, while the brown variety decreased from 42.72 at 20% mc to 30.77 at 40% moisture content. The yellow variety had bigger size tubers than the brown variety and this has serious implications in packing, handling and transportation issues.</p>

scholarly journals A Comparative Analysis of the Flow Properties between Two Alumina-Based Dry Powders

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milene Minniti de Campos ◽  
Maria do Carmo Ferreira
Keyword(s):  
Internal Friction ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Ceramic Powder ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Angle Of Repose ◽  
Wall Friction ◽  
Flow Index ◽  
Alumina Powder ◽  
Flow Properties ◽  
Angle Of Internal Friction

We measured and compared the flow properties of two alumina-based powders. The alumina powder (AP) is irregularly shaped and has a smooth surface and moisture content of 0.16% (d.b.), and the ceramic powder (CP), obtained after atomization in a spray dryer, is spherical and has a rough surface and moisture content of 1.07%. We measured the Hausner ratio (HR), the static angle of repose (AoR), the flow index (FI), the angle of internal friction, and the wall's friction angle. The properties measured using aerated techniques (AoR and HR) demonstrated that AP presents true cohesiveness (and therefore a difficult flow), while CP presents some cohesiveness and its flow might be classified as half way between difficult and easy flow. Their FI values, which were obtained using a nonaerated technique, enable us to classify the alumina as cohesive and the ceramic powder as an easy-flow powder. The large mean diameter and morphological characteristics of CP reduce interparticle forces and improve flowability, in spite of the higher moisture content of their granules. The angles of internal friction and of wall friction were not significantly different when comparing the two powders.

scholarly journals Preformulation Study of Pugun Tano (Curanga fel-terrae [Lour.] Merr) Ethanolic Extract Granule Mass in Capsule as Hepatoprotective Drug

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (22) ◽  
pp. 3729-3732
Author(s):  
Urip Harahap ◽  
Marianne Marianne ◽  
Yuandani Yuandani ◽  
Lia Laila
Keyword(s):  
Bulk Density ◽  
Dosage Form ◽  
Corn Starch ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Magnesium Stearate ◽  
Angle Of Repose ◽  
Wet Granulation ◽  
Hausner Ratio ◽  
Tapped Density ◽  
Preformulation Study

BACKGROUND: Pugun tano extract had been studied for its effect as hepatoprotector. However, the usage of the plant in the form of extract has a limitation, especially if the extract is consumed by the people due to the unpleasant taste and odour. Then, the extract needs to be transformed into a particular dosage form, such as a capsule. But before the capsule can be produced, a preformulation study of pugun tano extract into a granule mass in capsule need to be evaluated. AIM: The study aimed to formulate the ethanolic extract of pugun tano (Curanga fel-terrae (Lour.) Merr) as granule mass in the capsule dosage form. METHODS: The pugun tano ethanolic extract was formulated in several steps included preparation of dry extract using coating method with polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and granule mass production. The excipients used for the granule mass were lactose granules (made with tapioca starch using wet granulation), corn starch (made with 3 concentrations of 5% (F1), 7.5% (F2) and 10% (F3)), talcum, magnesium stearate, methylparaben, and propylparaben. The granule mass was evaluated for the bulk density, tapped density, inter-particle porosity, Carr’s index, Hausner ratio, angle of repose, and flowability. RESULTS: The results showed that all of the formulae passed the requirement of the preformulation test. The bulk density of the granule mass was 0.79 – 0.86 g/ml; the tapped density was 0.88 – 0.90 g/ml; the inter-particle porosity was 0.03 – 0.14; the Carr’s index was 2.71 – 11.94%; the Hausner ratio was 1.09-1.12; the angle of repose was 26.10 – 28.90°; and the flowing time was 5.97 – 6.63 seconds. All of the formulae showed good flowability and free-flowing properties. CONCLUSION: It is concluded that the obtained formula

scholarly journals Antioxidant Evaluation and Heavy Metals Accumulation Of Capsicum Annuum L. Cultivars

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 507-513
Author(s):  
- Azizuddin ◽  
- Kiran ◽  
Kousar Yasmeen
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Capsicum Annuum ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Capsicum Annuum L ◽  
Nutritional Components ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Antioxidant Evaluation ◽  
Safe Limits ◽  
Metals Accumulation

Capsicum annuum L. commonly known as chilli provides dietary fibers, minerals and vitamins. In this study, three different chilli cultivars commonly named as Dandi, Ghotki and German were studied for the determination of physico-chemical properties, antioxidant activity and metal content. German showed maximum nutritional components as compared to Ghotki and Dandi such as TA (0.43 %), TDS (1.95 g/l), TSS (1.29 °Brix) and TSC (1108.72 mg/100 g). Dandi showed higher TPC (6286.60 mg/100 g) and TFC (258.88 mg/100 g) with significant antioxidant activity through DPPH (37.27 % inhibition) and RPA (1134.80 mg/100 g). Fe was found in sufficient amount among chilli cultivars and metals accumulation was within the standard safe limits. Bangladesh J. Bot. 50(3): 507-513, 2021 (September)

scholarly journals Some Physical Properties of Palmyrah Palm (Borassus flabellifer L.) Fruits

2021 ◽  
pp. 18-25
Author(s):  
P. C. Vengaiah ◽  
S. Kaleemullah ◽  
M. Madhava ◽  
A. Mani ◽  
B. Sreekanth
Keyword(s):  
Aspect Ratio ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Mild Steel ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Geometric Mean ◽  
Static Friction ◽  
Angle Of Repose ◽  
Average Mass ◽  
The Individual

Some physical properties of palmyrah fruit were investigated in this study. The average values of major, medium, minor and geometric mean diameters of fresh whole palmyrah fruit were 11.54,10.45, 9.85 and 10.64 cm respectively at 47.34 % (w.b) moisture content whereas that of palmyrah nut were 8.59, 7.35, 4.99 and 6.79 cm respectively at 8% (w.b) moisture content. Sphericity, surface area and aspect ratio were found to be 91.94%, 359.17 cm2 and 0.90 for fruit and whereas that of nut were 79.19%, 145.16 cm2 and 0.86 respectively. The average mass of the individual palmyrah fruit and nut was 927.78 and 248.10 g whereas bulk density was 525.92 and 693.0 kg/m3 respectively. The coefficient of static friction on mild steel, glass and plywood surfaces were 0.27, 0.21 and 0.25 for palmyrah fruit and 0.36, 0.28 and 0.27 for nut respectively. The angle of repose of palmyrah fruit and nut were 30.77 and 44.03 respectively.

scholarly journals FORMULATION OF EFFERVESCENT GRANULES FROM RED GINGER (ZINGIBERIS OFFICINALE ROSCOE VAR. RUBRUM) EXTRACT AND ITS ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY

2022 ◽  
pp. 112-115
Author(s):  
DIAH LIA AULIFA ◽  
DIKI PRAYUGO WIBOWO ◽  
NENI SAFITRI ◽  
ARIF BUDIMAN
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Free Radicals ◽  
Physical Stability ◽  
Angle Of Repose ◽  
Wet Granulation ◽  
Flow Properties ◽  
Organoleptic Evaluation ◽  
Hausner Ratio ◽  
High Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Red Ginger

Objective: Ginger is one of the Indonesian plants that has been used as traditional medicine. The flavonoids and phenols compounds contained high antioxidant activity. This study aimed to formulate effervescent granules (EG) from red ginger (RG) extract and evaluate its antioxidant activity. Methods: The formulation of EG from RG extract was prepared by the wet granulation method using different concentrations of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP). Furthermore, the flowability of granules was evaluated, including flow rate, angle of repose, bulk density, tapped density, Carr's index, Hausner ratio, and effervescent time. The physical stability of granules such as organoleptic evaluation, effervescent time, and pH measurement was also evaluated after 28 d of storage, and the antioxidant activity of EG from RG extract was determined using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH). Results: The result showed that the EG of RG extract was successfully prepared by wet granulation with a concentration of 15%. In addition, the flowability study showed that all formulas of EG from RG extract have good flow properties, and the granules showed excellent flow properties based on Carr′s index results. The effervescent time of granules remained within the acceptable range according to USP, and the physical stability did not change even after 28 d of storage. The IC50 of EG from RG extract was 283.28±3.6 ppm and has moderate in free radicals scavenging activity. Conclusion: EG from RG extract can be used as food supplements to protect the human body from free radicals and inhibit oxidases.

scholarly journals Characterisation of Wood Particles Used in the Particleboard Production as a Function of Their Moisture Content

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 48
Author(s):  
Dorota Dukarska ◽  
Tomasz Rogoziński ◽  
Petar Antov ◽  
Lubos Kristak ◽  
Jakub Kmieciak
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Compression Ratio ◽  
Manufacturing Process ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Angle Of Repose ◽  
The Core ◽  
Wood Particles

The properties of particleboards and the course of their manufacturing process depend on the characteristics of wood particles, their degree of fineness, geometry, and moisture content. This research work aims to investigate the physical properties of wood particles used in the particleboard production in dependence on their moisture content. Two types of particles currently used in the production of three-layer particleboards, i.e., microparticles (MP) for the outer layers of particleboards and particles for the core layers (PCL), were used in the study. The particles with a moisture content of 0.55%, 3.5%, 7%, 10%, 15%, and 20% were tested for their poured bulk density (ρp), tapped bulk density (ρt), compression ratio (k), angle of repose (αR), and slippery angle of repose (αs). It was found that irrespective of the fineness of the particles, an increase in their moisture content caused an increase in the angle of repose and slippery angle of repose and an increase in poured and tapped bulk density, while for PCL, the biggest changes in bulk density occurred in the range up to 15% of moisture content, and for MP in the range above 7% of moisture content, respectively. An increase in the moisture content of PCL in the range studied results in a significant increase in the compression ratio from 47.1% to 66.7%. The compression ratio of MP increases only up to 15% of their moisture content—a change of value from 47.1% to 58.7%.

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