scholarly journals Changes of Bioelectric Activity of the Brain of Patients with Different Types of Somatic Dysfunction during the Implementation of a Myofascial Release

2015 ◽  
pp. 13-20
Author(s):  
A. Beliaev ◽  
G. Piskunova
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Therapeutic Effect ◽  
Neurophysiological Monitoring ◽  
Bioelectric Activity ◽  
Myofascial Release ◽  
Regulatory Systems ◽  
Somatic Dysfunction ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Healthy Persons

This article presents the results of observations, continuing a series of own research in the area of neurophysiological monitoring and objectification of manual exposure. The comparative analysis of the changes of bioelectric activity of brain during the execution of myofascial release techniques in groups of subjects with different types of somatic dysfunction and healthy persons. Shown that the presence of somatic dysfunction substantially changes the nature of the response of regulatory systems for therapeutic effect.

scholarly journals ДИНАМИКА ИЗМЕНЕНИЙ БИОЭЛЕКТРИЧЕСКОЙ АКТИВНОСТИ ГОЛОВНОГО МОЗГА У ПАЦИЕНТОВ, КОТОРЫМ ПРОВОДИТСЯ ХИРУРГИЧЕСКОЕ ВМЕШАТЕЛЬСТВО С ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕМ ОБЩЕЙ АНЕСТЕЗИИ

World Science ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2(42)) ◽  
pp. 15-18
Author(s):  
Дубовская С. С. ◽  
Товажнянская Е. Л. ◽  
Григоров Ю. Б. ◽  
Соловйова Е. Т. ◽  
Долженко М. А.
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
General Anesthesia ◽  
Functional State ◽  
Postoperative Period ◽  
Bioelectrical Activity ◽  
Emergency Medical Care ◽  
Bioelectric Activity ◽  
Regulatory Changes ◽  
Two Stages ◽  
The Brain

The purpose of this work is to determine the functional state of the brain of patients on the basis of the EEG, who underwent surgery under general anesthesia.The study was conducted in the surgical departments of various profiles on the basis of the Kharkov City Clinical Hospital of Emergency and Emergency Medical Care. prof. A. I. Meshchaninov.The study of the functional state of the brain by determining the bioelectrical activity of the brain, by conducting an EEG, was determined in two stages: before surgery and 3-5 days after surgery with general anesthesia.In a comparative analysis of the results obtained, a strong direct correlation is determined between the degree of regulatory changes in the bioelectric activity of the brain in the postoperative period and the age of the patients. Also, in a comparative analysis of the results, a strong direct correlation is determined between the degree of regulatory changes in the bioelectric activity of the brain in the postoperative period and the duration of anesthesia support. Given the above, we can recommend an EEG to assess the functional state of the brain of patients undergoing surgery under general anesthesia.

“Where is Dementia?” A Systematic Literature Review Exploring Neuroanatomical Aspects of Dementia

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (15) ◽  
pp. 9-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chorong Oh ◽  
Leonard LaPointe
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Behavioral Symptoms ◽  
Journal Articles ◽  
People With Dementia ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Precise Diagnosis ◽  
Physical Changes ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Language Literature

Dementia is a condition caused by and associated with separate physical changes in the brain. The signs and symptoms of dementia are very similar across the diverse types, and it is difficult to diagnose the category by behavioral symptoms alone. Diagnostic criteria have relied on a constellation of signs and symptoms, but it is critical to understand the neuroanatomical differences among the dementias for a more precise diagnosis and subsequent management. With this regard, this review aims to explore the neuroanatomical aspects of dementia to better understand the nature of distinctive subtypes, signs, and symptoms. This is a review of English language literature published from 1996 to the present day of peer-reviewed academic and medical journal articles that report on older people with dementia. This review examines typical neuroanatomical aspects of dementia and reinforces the importance of a thorough understanding of the neuroanatomical characteristics of the different types of dementia and the differential diagnosis of them.

The Acute Effect of Alcohol on Various Memory Processes

2010 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 249-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Márk Molnár ◽  
Roland Boha ◽  
Balázs Czigler ◽  
Zsófia Anna Gaál
Keyword(s):  
Low Dose ◽  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Acute Effect ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
Memory Processes ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Legal Consequences

This review surveys relevant and recent data of the pertinent literature regarding the acute effect of alcohol on various kinds of memory processes with special emphasis on working memory. The characteristics of different types of long-term memory (LTM) and short-term memory (STM) processes are summarized with an attempt to relate these to various structures in the brain. LTM is typically impaired by chronic alcohol intake but according to some data a single dose of ethanol may have long lasting effects if administered at a critically important age. The most commonly seen deleterious acute effect of alcohol to STM appears following large doses of ethanol in conditions of “binge drinking” causing the “blackout” phenomenon. However, with the application of various techniques and well-structured behavioral paradigms it is possible to detect, albeit occasionally, subtle changes of cognitive processes even as a result of a low dose of alcohol. These data may be important for the consideration of legal consequences of low-dose ethanol intake in conditions such as driving, etc.

Contrast-Enhanced MRI with Magnetization Transfer Effect in the Imaging of Brain Metastatic Lesions

2017 ◽  
pp. 8-17
Author(s):  
A. A. Ermakova ◽  
O. Yu. Borodin ◽  
M. Yu. Sannikov ◽  
S. D. Koval ◽  
V. Yu. Usov
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Roc Analysis ◽  
Magnetization Transfer ◽  
Metastatic Lesion ◽  
Transfer Effect ◽  
Wilcoxon Test ◽  
Post Contrast ◽  
Metastatic Lesions ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Non Parametric

Purpose: to investigate the diagnostic opportunities of contrast  magnetic resonance imaging with the effect of magnetization transfer effect in the diagnosis of focal metastatic lesions in the brain.Materials and methods.Images of contrast MRI of the brain of 16  patients (mean age 49 ± 18.5 years) were analysed. Diagnosis of  the direction is focal brain lesion. All MRI studies were carried out  using the Toshiba Titan Octave with magnetic field of 1.5 T. The  contrast agent is “Magnevist” at concentration of 0.2 ml/kg was  used. After contrasting process two T1-weighted studies were  performed: without T1-SE magnetization transfer with parameters of pulse: TR = 540 ms, TE = 12 ms, DFOV = 24 sm, MX = 320 × 224  and with magnetization transfer – T1-SE-MTC with parameters of pulse: ΔF = −210 Hz, FA(МТС) = 600°, TR = 700 ms, TE = 10 ms,  DFOV = 23.9 sm, MX = 320 x 224. For each detected metastatic  lesion, a contrast-to-brain ratio (CBR) was calculated. Comparative  analysis of CBR values was carried out using a non-parametric  Wilcoxon test at a significance level p < 0.05. To evaluate the  sensitivity and specificity of the techniques in the detection of  metastatic foci (T1-SE and T1-SE-MTC), ROC analysis was used. The sample is divided into groups: 1 group is foci ≤5 mm in size, 2  group is foci from 6 to 10 mm, and 3 group is foci >10 mm. Results.Comparative analysis of CBR using non-parametric Wilcoxon test showed that the values of the CBR on T1-weighted  images with magnetization transfer are significantly higher (p  <0.001) that on T1-weighted images without magnetization transfer. According to the results of the ROC analysis, sensitivity in detecting  metastases (n = 90) in the brain on T1-SE-MTC and T1-SE was  91.7% and 81.6%, specificity was 100% and 97.6%, respectively.  The accuracy of the T1-SE-MTC is 10% higher in comparison with  the technique without magnetization transfer. Significant differences (p < 0.01) between the size of the foci detected in post-contrast T1- weighted images with magnetization transfer and in post-contrast  T1-weighted images without magnetization transfer, in particular for  foci ≤5 mm in size, were found. Conclusions1. Comparative analysis of CBR showed significant (p < 0.001)  increase of contrast between metastatic lesion and white matter on  T1-SE-MTC in comparison with T1-SE.2. The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of the magnetization transfer program (T1-SE-MTC) in detecting foci of  metastatic lesions in the brain is significantly higher (p < 0.01), relative to T1-SE.3. The T1-SE-MTC program allows detecting more foci in comparison with T1-SE, in particular foci of ≤5 mm (96% and 86%, respectively, with p < 0.05).

Comparative analysis results in different types of vitreous floaters laser treatment

2020 ◽  
pp. 45-49
Author(s):  
B.A. Normaev ◽  
◽  
A.V. Doga ◽  
D.A. Buryakov ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Laser Treatment ◽  
Vitreous Floaters ◽  
Different Types

Types of refractive errors and methods for their diagnosis

2020 ◽  
pp. 30-36
Author(s):  
Olga Lemzyakova
Keyword(s):  
Optical System ◽  
Contact Lenses ◽  
Vision Impairment ◽  
Refractive Errors ◽  
Vision Correction ◽  
Light Rays ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Degrees Of Severity ◽  
The Brain

Refraction of the eye means its ability to bend (refract) light in its own optical system. In a normal state, which is called emmetropia, light rays passing through the optical system of the eye focus on the retina, from where the impulse is transmitted to the visual cortex of the brain and is analyzed there. A person sees equally well both in the distance and near in this situation. However, very often, refractive errors develop as a result of various types of influences. Myopia, or short-sightedness, occurs when the light rays are focused in front of the retina as a result of passing through the optical system of the eye. In this case, a person will clearly distinguish close objects and have difficulties in seeing distant objects. On the opposite side is development of farsightedness (hypermetropia), in which the focusing of light rays occurs behind the retina — such a person sees distant objects clearly, but outlines of closer objects are out of focus. Near vision impairment in old age is a natural process called presbyopia, it develops due to the lens thickening. Both myopia and hypermetropia can have different degrees of severity. The variant, when different refractive errors are observed in different eyes, is called anisometropia. In the same case, if different types of refraction are observed in the same eye, it is astigmatism, and most often it is a congenital pathology. Almost all of the above mentioned refractive errors require correction with spectacles or use of contact lenses. Recently, people are increasingly resorting to the methods of surgical vision correction.

Changes in the Total Power of Beta and Theta Bands When Using EEG Biofeedback in Primary School-Age Children Having Difficulties with Voluntary Regulation

2020 ◽  
pp. 331-340
Author(s):  
Yuliya S. Dzhos ◽  
◽  
Irina A. Men’shikova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Left Hemisphere ◽  
Spectral Characteristics ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
Total Power ◽  
Eeg Biofeedback ◽  
Beta Band ◽  
Bioelectric Activity ◽  
Voluntary Regulation ◽  
The Brain

This article presents the results of the study on spectral electroencephalogram (EEG) characteristics in 7–10-year-old children (8 girls and 22 boys) having difficulties with voluntary regulation of activity after 10 and 20 neurofeedback sessions using beta-activating training. Brain bioelectric activity was recorded in 16 standard leads using the Neuron-Spectrum-4/VPM complex. The dynamics was assessed by EEG beta and theta bands during neurofeedback. An increase in the total power of beta band oscillations was established both after 10 and after 20 sessions of EEG biofeedback in the frontal (p ≤ 0.001), left parietal (p ≤ 0.036), and temporal (p ≤ 0.003) areas of the brain. A decrease in the spectral characteristics of theta band oscillations was detected: after 10 neurofeedback sessions in the frontal (p ≤ 0.008) and temporal (p ≤ 0.006) areas of both hemispheres, as well as in the parietal area of the left hemisphere (p ≤ 0.005); after 20 sessions, in the central (p ≤ 0.004), frontal (p ≤ 0.001) and temporal (p ≤ 0.001) areas of both hemispheres, as well as in the occipital (p ≤ 0.047) and parietal (p ≤ 0.001) areas of the left hemisphere. The study into the dynamics of bioelectric activity during biofeedback using EEG parameters in 7–10-year-old children with impaired voluntary regulation of higher mental functions allowed us to prove the advisability of 20 sessions, as the increase in high-frequency activity and decrease in low-frequency activity do not stop with the 10th session. Changes in these parameters after 10 EEG biofeedback sessions are expressed mainly in the frontotemporal areas of both hemispheres, while after a course of 20 sessions, in both the frontotemporal and central parietal areas of the brain.

Ligand and Structure-based Modeling of Passive Diffusion through the Blood-Brain Barrier

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (9) ◽  
pp. 1073-1089 ◽  
Author(s):  
Santiago Vilar ◽  
Eduardo Sobarzo-Sanchez ◽  
Lourdes Santana ◽  
Eugenio Uriarte
Keyword(s):  
Blood Brain Barrier ◽  
In Silico ◽  
Passive Diffusion ◽  
Brain Barrier ◽  
Barrier Permeability ◽  
Blood Brain Barrier Permeability ◽  
Blood Brain ◽  
Brain Barrier Permeability ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Brain

Background: Blood-brain barrier transport is an important process to be considered in drug candidates. The blood-brain barrier protects the brain from toxicological agents and, therefore, also establishes a restrictive mechanism for the delivery of drugs into the brain. Although there are different and complex mechanisms implicated in drug transport, in this review we focused on the prediction of passive diffusion through the blood-brain barrier. Methods: We elaborated on ligand-based and structure-based models that have been described to predict the blood-brain barrier permeability. Results: Multiple 2D and 3D QSPR/QSAR models and integrative approaches have been published to establish quantitative and qualitative relationships with the blood-brain barrier permeability. We explained different types of descriptors that correlate with passive diffusion along with data analysis methods. Moreover, we discussed the applicability of other types of molecular structure-based simulations, such as molecular dynamics, and their implications in the prediction of passive diffusion. Challenges and limitations of experimental measurements of permeability and in silico predictive methods were also described. Conclusion: Improvements in the prediction of blood-brain barrier permeability from different types of in silico models are crucial to optimize the process of Central Nervous System drug discovery and development.

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