Keberkesanan Pusat Aktiviti Warga Emas (PAWE) di bawah Dasar Warga Emas Negara

Population aging is a phenomenon that will hit Malaysia in the 21st century. According to the United Nations (UN) in a report issued in 2007, older person in Malaysia are expected to increase from 7 percent to 14 percent in 2030 within 28 years as opposed to the country Sweden, which took 112 year for the same change. Recognizing this, the Government has formulated the National Policy for the Elderly in 1995. Later this policy and plan has been improved on 5 January 2011 as a Dasar Warga Emas Negara (DWEN). Older Person Activity Center (PAWE) is a development program that has been established under DWEN program since 2001. The establishment of PAWE seen as an alternative to address the issues and challenges of older persons in the present and future. A survey was conducted to see effectiveness PAWE to level of wellbeing among 78 elderly people who were present at the following activities PAWE located at Selangor. This study uses interview and convinience sampling technique. Results show that the respondents level of wellbeing is at a high level and prove effectiveness PAWE can help well-being of the older persons in Malaysia. This directly helps the government to improve the programs in PAWE.

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Enrollment of Rural Farmers’ Children into Schools in Ibadan Oyo State Nigeria

Asian Journal of Education and Social Studies ◽

10.9734/ajess/2019/v5i230140 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 1-6

Author(s):

O. O. Oke ◽

A. S. Adeoye

Keyword(s):

Rural Areas ◽

Formal Education ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Well Being ◽

School Enrollment ◽

Living Standard ◽

Vulnerable Children ◽

Rural Farmers ◽

The Government ◽

High Level

Education is germane to liberating many people from high level of illiteracy and abject poverty. But lack of school enrollment among vulnerable children of such people living in the rural areas will further limit development, progress and the well-being they deserve. This study however was meant to assess the enrollment of rural farmers’ children into schools in Ido and Oluyole Local Government Areas, Ibadan, Oyo state. Purposive sampling technique was used for selection of the study area in the areas of Ibadan while random sampling was used to select 150 respondents from 10 communities in the 2 LGAs. Data collected were analyzed with both descriptive and inferential statistics. The result revealed that majority of the respondents (94.2%) were married, 63.3% were above 60 years, 50.8% of the respondents were Christian while 49.2% were Muslims. The result also revealed that the majority of the respondents had primary (45%) and no formal education (45%). The result also showed the enrolment levels of farmers’ children in schools that 49.2% of the respondents’ male children between the ranges of 2-4 are enrolled in schools with the highest percentage of enrolment about 59.2% of the respondents female children are enrolled in schools. More so, 43.3% of the total respondents’ children are enrolled in schools, implying low enrollment in schools due to their low standard of living and unemployment in the country as indicated by 61.7% of the respondents to be a challenge to school enrolment for their children. In conclusion, the government should come up with strategies of establishing program such as free education where rural farmers’ children can benefit from and also ensure access to loans to improve farm business of rural farmers, supplying them with input and improved varieties that will increase their yield with commensurate income to support the enrolment of their children in schools. This will encourage and support enrolment of their children in school and eventually improve their living standard in the society.

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Entrepreneurial Behavior of Piggery Trainees of Pashu-Vigyan Incubator

10.48165/ijee.2022.58137 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 58 (1) ◽

pp. 186-188

Author(s):

Akriti Anna ◽

B. P. Singh ◽

Mahesh Chander ◽

M. P. Sagar ◽

R. S. Suman ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Achievement Motivation ◽

Development Program ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Entrepreneurial Behavior ◽

Self Confidence ◽

Ex Post ◽

Ex Post Facto ◽

Medium Level ◽

The Government ◽

High Level

Entrepreneurship as a dynamic and innovative process of a country’s development hasbecome a prerequisite for supporting the government of India’s ambitious flagship programof ‘Atm-nirbhar Bharat”. The study is an ex-post facto research to ascertain theentrepreneurial behavior of the trainees who attended the entrepreneurship developmentprogramme on piggery at agri-business incubator ICAR-IVRI (Pashu-Vigyan Incubator). Apurposive sampling technique was used to select 80 trainees starting their piggeryenterprises. The data were collected through mailed e-questionnaire and telephonic follow-up. The entrepreneurial behavior was determined on nine dimensions and majority of thetrainees showed a high level of ‘cosmopoliteness’, ‘achievement motivation’, ‘riskorientation’ and coordinating ability but possessed medium level ‘information seekingbehavior’, ‘self-confidence’, ‘innovativeness’, ‘planning ability’. The entrepreneurialbehavior showed positive and significant correlation with their experience in piggery, attitudetowards scientific piggery farming, social participation, education and income. Overall highmean entrepreneurial behavior index was observed indicating a positive effect of theEntrepreneurship Development Program.

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Demografia polityczna i możliwości dla polityki pronatalistycznej w Polsce

Studia Demograficzne ◽

10.33119/sd.2016.1.3 ◽

2016 ◽

pp. 65-91

Author(s):

Mateusz Łakomy

Keyword(s):

Financial Stability ◽

Pension System ◽

Population Aging ◽

Well Being ◽

The Elderly ◽

Low Fertility ◽

Support Network ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Number Of Children ◽

The Government

Political demography links demographic findings with public policies aimed at achieving state goals. Current challenge of population aging causes threat to internal financial stability and well-being of the elderly. Aging also questions countries’ international position due to possibly reduced financial capability to maintain geopolitical power, and in extreme situation of lowest low fertility also due to continuous, unstoppable decline in the population size. In case of Poland, aging alone would result in almost doubling expenditure on pensions and healthcare. To respond to social and geopolitical challenges, the government should primarily focus on policies aimed at stimulating births. To foster pronatalist policies, factors affecting fertility may be grouped into five categories: economic, cultural, psychological, infrastructural and unplanned. All these factors influence childbearing behaviour simultaneously. Some of them constitute barriers to fertility (which need to be eliminated) and the others facilitate fertility (and they need to be strengthened). The barriers include financial constraints, individualistic values, financial insecurity, union instability, insufficient support network and lack of family-friendly employment. Identified facilitators in turn include pension system linking benefits with number of children (family pension system) and family-oriented aspirations and values with religion as a vital ingredient. Father commitment to family life impacts both as facilitator and by eliminating barriers.

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Impacts of Social Participation on Self-Rated Health of Aging Women in China: With a Mediating Role of Caring for Grandchildren

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18115790 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (11) ◽

pp. 5790

Author(s):

Shuliu Tian ◽

Lei Xu ◽

Xiangling Wu

Keyword(s):

Social Participation ◽

Population Aging ◽

Positive Association ◽

Well Being ◽

The Elderly ◽

Policy Framework ◽

Social Activities ◽

Self Rated Health ◽

Aging Women ◽

The Government

Population aging is a global challenge and the degree of population aging is continuing to deepen in China. Under the active aging policy framework by WHO, great importance has been attached to aging women and participation is emphasized for the well-being of the elderly. This study aimed to investigate the relation between social participation and self-rated health status of aging women in China and whether caring for grandchildren mediated such an association. Adopting data from the 2018 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS), this study used Oprobit regression, propensity score matching (PSM), and instrument variable regression to estimate the effects. The result showed that there was a positive association between social participation and self-rated health among aging women in China, and social activities that directly made contributions to others had the most significant impacts on self-rated health. Furthermore, the mediator analysis confirmed that caring for grandchildren played a role between social participation and self-rated health. In conclusion, to deal with population aging challenges, the society should recognize the value of intergenerational care for aging women and the government need to strengthen policy supports to guarantee platforms and opportunities for the elderly to participate in social activities.

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PERCEIVED EFFECTS OF STREET HAWKING ON THE WELL-BEING OF CHILDREN IN ANYIGBA, DEKINA LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF KOGI STATE, NIGERIA

Pakistan Journal of Public Health ◽

10.32413/pjph.v8i1.138 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 01-07

Author(s):

Alfred Eboh

Keyword(s):

Local Government ◽

Survey Design ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Well Being ◽

Local Government Area ◽

Negative Consequences ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Perceived Effects ◽

The Government

Background: The hawking of wares by children has been a serious issue confronting the Nigerian society. Children hawk in some of the most horrible conditions conceivable, where they face a serious risk of injury, chronic illness, kidnapping, rape or death. Objective: The focus of this study was to assess the perceived effects of street hawking on the well-being of children in Anyigba, Dekina Local Government Area of Kogi State. Methods: The population of this study consists of parents of the street hawkers in Anyigba while cross-sectional survey design was used through the purposive sampling technique to choose the sample size of one hundred and sixty-two (162) respondents. The validated structured questionnaire and In-Depth Interviews (IDIs) served as the instruments for the data collection respectively. The hypotheses were tested using Chi-Square at a predetermined 0.05 level of significance. The quantitative data were analysed with the aid of the SPSS (version 20). Results: The results indicated among others that street hawking had significant social implications and physical consequences on children's moral behaviour as well as health status in the study area. Conclusion: The study, therefore, concluded that the government of Kogi State should carry out an enlightenment campaign through the media and religious institutions on the negative consequences of street hawking are recommended as panacea. Also, the child right act instrument and its implementation should be strengthened in order to curb street hawking in the study area.

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Sex with robots: A not-so-niche market for disabled and older persons

Paladyn Journal of Behavioral Robotics ◽

10.1515/pjbr-2020-0009 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 228-232

Author(s):

Adamantios Koumpis ◽

Thomas Gees

Keyword(s):

Artificial Intelligence ◽

Older People ◽

Older Persons ◽

Well Being ◽

The Elderly ◽

Deep Roots ◽

Value System ◽

Sex Robots ◽

Per Se ◽

Sex Toys

AbstractIn this article, we present our experiences from research into the healthy ageing and well-being of older people and we report on our personal opinions of robots that may help the elderly to have sex and to cope with isolation and loneliness. However, and while there is a growing industry for sex robots and other sex toys and gadgets, there is also a growing concern about the ethics of such an industry. As is the case with pornography, the concept of sex robots may be criticized, yet it has deep roots in human civilization, with erotic depictions that date back to the Palaeolithic and Mesolithic Ages. So the need for an artefact that would offer sexually relevant functionality is not new at all. But what might be new and worrying is the potential for using artificial intelligence in sex robots in ways that might cause a repositioning of our entire value system. Such a threat is not related to the proliferation of sex robots per se but to the use of robots in general and in a variety of other fields of application.

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Investigating the business performance on the financial well-being of the Government retirees

SHS Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/shsconf/202112403006 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 124 ◽

pp. 03006

Author(s):

Abdul Mutalib Embong ◽

Norzamziah Afzainizam ◽

Mariati Norhashim ◽

Amirsaman Ahmadi

Keyword(s):

Business Performance ◽

Profile Analysis ◽

Descriptive Analysis ◽

Well Being ◽

The Elderly ◽

Population Ageing ◽

Ageing Population ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

The Government ◽

The Impact

Population ageing; where there is growth in the percentage of older persons in the population; is becoming a worldwide phenomenon due to better healthcare and lower birth rates. The phenomenon of population ageing brings with it both challenges and opportunities. The challenges of an ageing population include social, health and economic support of the elderly. Malaysia is recognizing the need to address this issue of financially supporting an ageing population. The purpose of the paper was to investigate the impact of business on the financial well-being (FWB) of the ageing, specifically the government retirees. A questionnaire-based survey was conducted among retirees who were in business throughout Malaysia that employed a cross sectional design. Forty-one respondents were successfully interviewed. Statistical procedures for the analyses included descriptive analysis and a profile analysis using scatterplot on the perceived business performance vs financial well-being. The survey revealed that the majority of the respondents operated business in the services, trade or retail industries which were set up and fully owned by themselves. Resource wise, the majority had very low financial capital, human capital and social capital. The study provides some empirical evidence that the retirees in business may be categorized into opportunity driven and necessity driven groups. The paper concludes that there is a need to find alternative income generation methods for the necessity driven group. Making paid work accessible to the elderly must be urgently put on the national agenda.

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Polityka społeczna wobec ludzi starych w Polsce — uwarunkowania, rozwój i kierunki zmian

Ekonomia ◽

10.19195/2658-1310.25.4.5 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 25 (4) ◽

pp. 73-84

Author(s):

Sylwia Wojtczak

Keyword(s):

Social Policy ◽

Older People ◽

Senior Citizens ◽

Population Aging ◽

Social Activity ◽

The Elderly ◽

Modern Medicine ◽

The Social ◽

The Government ◽

Human And Social Capital

Social policy toward old people in Poland — conditions, development and directions of changesSocial policy shapes people’s living conditions. In the era of dynamic demographic changes, especially the aging of the population observed in Poland and across the world, the activity of the state focused on improving the quality of life of the elderly is particularly important. Population aging is a demographic process of increasing the proportion of older people while reducing the proportion of children in the society of a given country. Elderly people will continue to be a part of society, mainly due to the progress of civilization, advances in modern medicine and the popularization of so-called healthy living.Social policy toward the elderly should not be limited to managing the social security system and social welfare. Eff ective use of human and social capital of the elderly will be a growing challenge for this policy, and for senior citizens — spending satisfactorily the last years of one’s life. However, for some senior citizens, old age means or will mean poverty and living on the margins of civil society. The Ministry of Family, Labor and Social Polic y is responsible for the social policy of people in Poland, off ering for example in the years 2014–2020 to senior citizens such programs as “Senior +”, the Government Program for Social Activity of the Elderly ASOS or “Care 75+.” Each of the above programs have appropriate criteria that must be met to be able to use them. Are older people eager to use them, or are the eff ects of these programs already visible? This study will attempt to answer the above questions. The main purpose of the article is to diagnose and analyze selected government programs targeted at older people. In addition, perspectives for changes in social policy toward older people in Poland will be determined.

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An Association of Quality of Life and Ageing Perceptions Among Community Dwelling Older Adults in Uganda

10.21203/rs.3.rs-828994/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Joy Louise -Onoria ◽

Raymond Odokonyero ◽

Bruno Giordani ◽

Dickens Akena ◽

Emmanuel Mwesiga ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Older Persons ◽

Low Cost ◽

Well Being ◽

The Elderly ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Life Questionnaire ◽

Social Activities ◽

Positive Perception

Abstract Background: Uganda’s population, though, largely characterized by young people, has seen the number of people aged 60 and over grow from 686,000 twenty years ago, to 1,433,596 in 2014. Effective caring for the well-being of this population requires strategic and deliberate planning that involves quality of life (QoL) assessments. QoL assessments among the elderly are important in evaluating the efficacy of strategies, such as health interventions, welfare programs, health care, and well-being of the elderly. However, elderly in Uganda face several challenges, ranging from loneliness, poor housing, lack of social and financial support, and poor health. These may negatively affect older persons’ quality of life and consequently their perceptions and attitudes towards aging. Methods: The study was carried out in 2019 in the communities of Nansana and Busukuma town councils in Wakiso district, Uganda. The participants were 380 people 60 years and older. To establish the association between perceptions of ageing and QoL, this study utilized a locally adapted version of the Older Person’s Quality of Life Questionnaire (OPQOL) and the Brief Ageing Perceptions Questionnaire (B-APQ). The OPQOL assesses three domains of QoL: Health QoL (HQoL); Social economic QoL (SQoL); and Psychosocial QoL (PQoL). The B-APQ assesses perceptions about physical age, participation in social activities, and perceptions about ability to regulate emotions as one ages. Pearson’s Chi-square tests were used to characterize the relationship between the perceptions and quality of life.Results: The majority of the respondents, 61% (95%CI 56.7-64.8), had negative perceptions towards ageing. Eighty six percent had poor HQoL, 90% poor SQoL and 83% poor PQoL. There was a significant association between good HQoL and positive perception about participation in social activities (X2 = 7.3670, P = 0.007) as well as with positive perception on regulation of emotions (X2 = 18.1803, P<0.001). There was a significant association between good SQoL and positive perception about participation in social activities (X2 = 5.3472, P = 0.021), as well with positive perception on regulation of emotions (X2 = 10.5128, P<0.001). A significant association between good PQoL and positive perception on regulation of emotions (X2 = 9.2414, P= 0.002).Conclusion: Positive perceptions of ageing are associated with good QoL. Directly addressing perceptions of ageing could be a low cost and effective strategy to improve the QoL of older persons in SSA

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Assessment of Cognitively Stimulating Activity in a Spanish Population

Assessment ◽

10.1177/1073191118774620 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 27 (6) ◽

pp. 1310-1319 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Manuel Morales Ortiz ◽

Aaron Fernández

Keyword(s):

Structural Equation ◽

Older Persons ◽

Structural Equation Models ◽

Theoretical Models ◽

Well Being ◽

The Elderly ◽

Hierarchical Regression ◽

Active Ageing ◽

Age Related ◽

Effect Of Age

Theoretical models of active ageing and cognitive reserve emphasize the importance of leading an active life to delay age-related cognitive deterioration and maintain good levels of well-being and personal satisfaction in the elderly. The objective of this research was to construct a scale to measure cognitively stimulating activities (CSA) in the Spanish language. The sample consisted of a total of 453 older persons. The scale was constructed from a list of 28 items and validated using structural equation models. The scale obtained showed a negative correlation with age and a positive correlation with education and physical activity. Using hierarchical regression models, CSAs were found to have a significant effect on attention when controlling for the effect of age and education. Likewise, a significant interaction between age and CSA was found on the measure of episodic memory. The validated CSA scale will enable the relationships between changes in cognitive functions and stimulating activities to be studied.

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