Evaluating Web-based Static, Animated, and Interactive Maps for Injury Prevention

Public health planning can benefit from visual exploration and analysis of geospatial data. Maps and geo-visualization tools must be developed with the user-group in mind. User-needs assessment and usability testing are crucial elements in the iterative process of map design and implementation. This study presents the results of a usability test of static, animated and interactive maps of injury rates and socio-demographic determinants of injury by a sample of potential end-users in Toronto, Canada. The results of the user-testing suggest that different map types are useful for different purposes and for satisfying the varying skill level of the individual user. The static maps were deemed to be easy to use and versatile, while the animated maps could be made more useful if animation controls were provided. The split-screen concepts of the interactive maps was highlighted as particularly effective for map comparison. Overall, interactive maps were identified as the preferred map type for comparing patterns of injury and related socio-demographic risk factors. Information collected from the user-tests is being used to expand and refind the injury webmaps for Toronto, and could inform other public health-related geo-visualization projects.

Download Full-text

Online Map Design for Public Health Decision-Makers

10.32920/14639586 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Jonathan Cinnamon ◽

Claus Rinner ◽

Michael D. Cusimano ◽

Sean Marshall ◽

Tsegaye Bekele ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Risk Factors ◽

Health Resources ◽

Decision Makers ◽

Data Set ◽

Public Health Decision ◽

Web Mapping ◽

Map Design ◽

Demographic Risk ◽

Demographic Risk Factors

Injury places a heavy burden on public-health resources that is not distributed evenly in space, making the mapping of injury and its socio-demographic risk factors an effective tool for prevention planning. In a survey of health-related interactive Web mapping applications we found great variation with respect to content, cartography, and technical aspects. Based on teh survey results, input from a group of potential end users, cartographic design principles, and data-set requirements, we created a Web site with static, animated, and interactive injury maps. We mapped injury rates and possible socio-deomgraphic risk factors for the City of Toronto. Through the three functionally different types of maps, a variety of ways to explore the same public-health data sets could be demostrated. The results highlight the practical options available to public-health analysts and decision makers who wish to expand their data-exploration and decision-support tools with a spatial component.

Download Full-text

Online Map Design for Public Health Decision-Makers

10.32920/14639586.v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Jonathan Cinnamon ◽

Claus Rinner ◽

Michael D. Cusimano ◽

Sean Marshall ◽

Tsegaye Bekele ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Risk Factors ◽

Health Resources ◽

Decision Makers ◽

Data Set ◽

Public Health Decision ◽

Web Mapping ◽

Map Design ◽

Demographic Risk ◽

Demographic Risk Factors

Injury places a heavy burden on public-health resources that is not distributed evenly in space, making the mapping of injury and its socio-demographic risk factors an effective tool for prevention planning. In a survey of health-related interactive Web mapping applications we found great variation with respect to content, cartography, and technical aspects. Based on teh survey results, input from a group of potential end users, cartographic design principles, and data-set requirements, we created a Web site with static, animated, and interactive injury maps. We mapped injury rates and possible socio-deomgraphic risk factors for the City of Toronto. Through the three functionally different types of maps, a variety of ways to explore the same public-health data sets could be demostrated. The results highlight the practical options available to public-health analysts and decision makers who wish to expand their data-exploration and decision-support tools with a spatial component.

Download Full-text

Evaluating the Process and Outcomes of a Knowledge Translation Approach to Supporting Use of the Diabetes Population Risk Tool (DPoRT) in Public Health Practice

Canadian Journal of Program Evaluation ◽

10.3138/cjpe.31160 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 33 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Laura C Rosella ◽

Catherine Bornbaum ◽

Kathy Kornas ◽

Michael Lebenbaum ◽

Leslea Peirson ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Population Health ◽

Health Planning ◽

Public Health Practice ◽

Specific Data ◽

Knowledge To Action ◽

Action Model ◽

Health Related ◽

Evaluation Matrix ◽

Planning Knowledge

Abstract: To support the use of the Diabetes Population Risk Tool (DPoRT) in public health settings, a knowledge brokering (KB) team used and evaluated the Population Health Planning Knowledge-to-Action model. Participants (n = 24) were from four health-related organizations. Data sources included document reviews, surveys, fo-cus groups, interviews, and observational notes. Site-specific data were analyzed and then triangulated across sites using an evaluation matrix. The KB team facilitated DPoRT use through planned and iterative strategies. Outcomes included changes in skill, knowledge, and organizational practices. The Population Health Planning Knowledge-to-Action model and team-based KB strategy supported DPoRT use in public health settings.Résumé: Pour appuyer l’utilisation de l’outil Diabetes Population Risk Tool (DPoRT) dans les milieux de santé publique, une équipe de courtage de connaissances (KB) a utilisé et évalué le modèle Population Health Planning Knowledge-to-Action. Les sources de données comprenaient des documents, des sondages, des groupes de dis-cussion, des entrevues et des notes d’observation. L’équipe de KB a facilité l’utilisation de DPoRT. Les résultats comprenaient les changements dans les compétences, les connaissances et les pratiques organisationnelles. Le modèle Population Health Planning Knowledge-to-Action et la stratégie KB basée sur l’équipe ont appuyé l’utilisation de DPoRT.

Download Full-text

Syndemics: A Cross-Disciplinary Approach to Complex Epidemic Events Like COVID-19

Annual Review of Anthropology ◽

10.1146/annurev-anthro-100919-121009 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 50 (1) ◽

pp. 41-58

Author(s):

Merrill Singer ◽

Nicola Bulled ◽

Bayla Ostrach ◽

Shir Lerman Ginzburg

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Medical Anthropology ◽

Population Level ◽

Review Of The Literature ◽

Individual Level ◽

Synergistic Interactions ◽

Health Related ◽

The Individual ◽

Syndemic Theory ◽

Critical Medical Anthropology

In this review, we trace the origins and dissemination of syndemics, a concept developed within critical medical anthropology that rapidly diffused to other fields. The goal is to provide a review of the literature, with a focus on key debates. After a brief discussion of the nature and significance of syndemic theory and its applications, we trace the history and development of the syndemic framework within anthropology and the contributions of anthropologists who use it. We also look beyond anthropology to the adoption and use of syndemics in other health-related disciplines, including biomedicine, nursing, public health, and psychology, and discuss controversies in syndemics, particularly the perception that existing syndemics research focuses on methodologies at the individual level rather than at the population level and fails to provide evidence of synergistic interactions. Finally, we discuss emerging syndemics research on COVID-19 and provide an overview of the application of syndemics research.

Download Full-text

Behavioral, health- related and demographic risk factors of death in floods: A case-control study

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0262005 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (12) ◽

pp. e0262005

Author(s):

Arezoo Yari ◽

Homa Yousefi Khoshsabegheh ◽

Yadolah Zarezadeh ◽

Ali Ardalan ◽

Mohsen Soufi Boubakran ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Behavioral Health ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Case Control ◽

Control Group ◽

Case Group ◽

Health Related ◽

Demographic Risk ◽

Demographic Risk Factors ◽

Control Study

During the first half of 2019, many provinces of Iran were affected by floods, which claimed the lives of 82 people. The present study aimed to investigate the behavioral, health related and demographic risk factors associated with deaths due to floods. We measured the odds ratio and investigated the contribution and significance of the factors in relation to mortality. This case-control study was conducted in the cities affected by flood in Iran. Data were collected on the flood victims using a questionnaire. Survivors, a member of the flood victim’s family, were interviewed. In total, 77 subjects completed the survey in the case group, and 310 subjects completed the survey in the control group. The findings indicated that factors such as the age of less than 18 years, low literacy, being trapped in buildings/cars, and risky behaviors increased the risk of flood deaths. Regarding the behavioral factors, perceived/real swimming skills increased the risk of flood deaths although it may seem paradoxical. This increment is due to increased self confidence in time of flood. On the other hand, skills and abilities such as evacuation, requesting help, and escape decreased the risk of flood deaths. According to the results, the adoption of support strategies, protecting vulnerable groups, and improving the socioeconomic status of flood-prone areas could prevent and reduce the risk of flood deaths.

Download Full-text

Breakout Session 2 Summary: Health Planning for All Phases of a Disaster Including Risk Assessment with Concern for Vulnerable Populations

Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness ◽

10.1017/dmp.2014.67 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 8 (4) ◽

pp. 361-362 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Junichi Sugawara ◽

Kevin Yeskey

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Risk Assessment ◽

Vulnerable Populations ◽

Disaster Preparedness ◽

Health Planning ◽

Health Resources ◽

Shared Responsibility ◽

Breakout Session ◽

List Type ◽

The Individual

Cross-cutting Principle∙Development of public health communications that connect people and communities to their health resources and needs before, during and after a disaster∙Reduction of health disparities to vulnerable populations as a result of a disaster. An end state should be that every population with similar exposures/incidents have identical health outcomes.∙Public health/disaster preparedness as a shared responsibility that starts at the individual and grows to the community/state

Download Full-text

#CroakeyGO: Walking as an act of journalism to engage not distance the public in health reporting

European Journal of Public Health ◽

10.1093/eurpub/ckaa166.1265 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽

Author(s):

M Williams ◽

M Sweet ◽

R Armstrong ◽

M McInerney ◽

M Ward

Keyword(s):

Health Planning ◽

Health Reporting ◽

Community Members ◽

Editorial Content ◽

The Public ◽

Mainstream Media ◽

Wide Range ◽

Health Related ◽

The Individual ◽

Regional Australia

Abstract Health as it is reported in mainstream media is narrow and communities are often excluded, despite being where the experience of health occurs. A wide range of research indicates that it is through narratives of community members that media and health messages are best conveyed, and community members now have a range of platforms for quickly conveying information to each other and the media. However, there have been surprisingly few innovations for journalists to use this material, or to better connect with the public and report more accurately about health. Our experience across several journalism projects demonstrates how quickly and deeply health content can be developed in collaboration with communities. One example is #CroakeyGO - an innovation in public interest journalism that gathers, walks and talks with community members together at a defined time and location about health-related matters. #CroakeyGO brings together diverse voices from local communities - people who might otherwise not connect. This stimulates discussion about health issues beyond the individual, including system- and environmental-level issues that impact local lives. #CroakeyGO also means respecting Indigenous peoples' connection to Country on which we walk and reflecting on intergenerational inequities and solutions Indigenous knowledges offer. To date we have published more than 40 articles from #CroakeyGO events around metropolitan and regional Australia. We have collaboratively produced social media and other editorial content with community members and stimulated enduring networks for health planning, advocacy and research. #CroakeyGO reinforces that improving health in a community requires more than just additional services, and that transformations in journalism can facilitate and support rather than hinder collective action. Key messages Innovations in journalism are required and possible to improve health reporting. Communities are willing to engage in health reporting.

Download Full-text

Weight bias among public health trainees

Public Health Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s1368980020004097 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-4

Author(s):

Kendrin R Sonneville ◽

Kelsey L Rose ◽

Nathalie J Lambrecht ◽

Mikayla R Barry ◽

Heidi M Weeks ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Weight Status ◽

Online Survey ◽

Weight Bias ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Negative Weight ◽

Health Related ◽

Weight Bias Internalization ◽

The Individual ◽

Post Hoc

Abstract Objective: To explore explicit beliefs about the controllability of obesity and the internalisation of negative weight-related stereotypes among public health trainees. Design: Cross-sectional online survey assessing explicit beliefs about the controllability of obesity using the Beliefs About Obese Persons Scale (BAOP) and internalisation of weight bias using the Modified Weight Bias Internalization Scale (WBIS-M). Bivariate associations between BAOP and WBIS-M scores and demographic characteristics were examined using t tests or ANOVA with post hoc Tukey’s tests. Setting: School of Public Health at a large, Midwestern University. Participants: Public health students (n 322). Results: Relative to students who identified as male, those who identified as female had a stronger belief that obesity is not within the control of the individual (P = 0·03), yet had more internalisation of weight bias (P < 0·01). Greater weight bias internalisation was also seen among students who perceived themselves to be of a higher weight status (P < 0·001) and those who were at risk for food insecurity (P < 0·01). Conclusions: Public health trainees may be more attuned to the complexities of weight relative to trainees in other health-related fields, but are still susceptible to internalisation of negative weight-related stereotypes.

Download Full-text

Prevalence and Demographic Risk Factors of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infections in Captive Asian Elephants (Elephas maximus) Based on Serological Assays

Frontiers in Veterinary Science ◽

10.3389/fvets.2021.713663 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

Author(s):

Taweepoke Angkawanish ◽

Hans J. C. M. Vernooij ◽

Anucha Sirimalaisuwan ◽

Mirjam Nielen ◽

Pattara Charernpan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Test Performance ◽

Latent Class ◽

Good Condition ◽

The Other ◽

Screening Tests ◽

Serology Test ◽

The Individual ◽

Demographic Risk ◽

Demographic Risk Factors

To address putative TB statuses of elephants and to identify and quantify potential demographic risk factors for TB, three ELISAs specific for different mycobacterial antigens (ESAT6, CFP10, MPB83) and the TB Stat-Pak assay were used as surrogate serological markers for TB infection in elephants. In view of the low number of animals of which the infected status could be confirmed (4 out of 708) Latent Class Analyses of TB serology test outcomes was used to predict the putative TB status of each of 708 elephants as positive (17.3%), inconclusive (48.7%), or negative (34%) when assessed on a population basis. Correlation between test performance of the individual assays was high between the ELISAs, but low with that of the TB Stat-Pak assay. Risk factors, assessed based on cut off values for each of the ELISAs determined by ROC analysis, included sex, BCS, age, working time, feed type, management system, camp size and region. Old age elephants were more likely to show a positive TB serology test outcome, than younger ones. Elephants working 7 h per day and the ones in good condition BCS (7–11) were less likely to be positive in TB serology testing. In addition, fewer animals in the large camp size (31–50 elephants) were found to be positive in ELISA tests, compared to elephants in the other camp sizes. In this study, the North region had the lowest percentages of elephants with positive TB test outcome, the West region and to a lesser extend the other regions showed clearly higher percentages of positive animals. Even though assays used in the present study have not been validated yet, results obtained showed promise as diagnostic or screening tests. For the diagnosis of animals suspected to be infected, the ELISA tests, once further optimized for the individual antigens, can be used in parallel. For screening of complete camps for presence or absence of infection, a single optimized ELISA test can be utilized.

Download Full-text