scholarly journals Diaspora knowledge networks for development

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anusha Sundaram
Keyword(s):  
Network Formation ◽  
Division Of Labour ◽  
Knowledge Networks ◽  
Brain Circulation ◽  
World Systems ◽  
Global Order ◽  
World Systems Theory ◽  
Socially Constructed ◽  
The Relationship

This paper will consider the concept of Diaspora Knowledge Networks, (DKNs) and examine the relationship between DKNs and homeland development. Using a framework of World Systems Theory, it will lay out how skilled labour migration leads to diaspora network formation and that tactical brain circulation on the part of DKNs can provide home countries with the agency in the World System through a form of transnationalism from below. Recognizing that DKNs are socially constructed, and as a result replete with gender and power imbalances, it is posited that DKNs feed into and reproduce the global division of labour and with it all the implications for migration that go with this new global order. Finally this paper lays out the gaps within the literature on DKNs, namely in the areas of gender, race and the role of state securitization, and calls for further research so that policies harnessing DKNs for development may be more effective.

scholarly journals Diaspora knowledge networks for development

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anusha Sundaram
Keyword(s):  
Network Formation ◽  
Division Of Labour ◽  
Knowledge Networks ◽  
Brain Circulation ◽  
World Systems ◽  
Global Order ◽  
World Systems Theory ◽  
Socially Constructed ◽  
The Relationship

This paper will consider the concept of Diaspora Knowledge Networks, (DKNs) and examine the relationship between DKNs and homeland development. Using a framework of World Systems Theory, it will lay out how skilled labour migration leads to diaspora network formation and that tactical brain circulation on the part of DKNs can provide home countries with the agency in the World System through a form of transnationalism from below. Recognizing that DKNs are socially constructed, and as a result replete with gender and power imbalances, it is posited that DKNs feed into and reproduce the global division of labour and with it all the implications for migration that go with this new global order. Finally this paper lays out the gaps within the literature on DKNs, namely in the areas of gender, race and the role of state securitization, and calls for further research so that policies harnessing DKNs for development may be more effective.

scholarly journals David versus Goliath: Tanzania’s Efforts to Stand Up to Foreign Gas Corporations

2019 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-72
Author(s):  
Andrzej Polus ◽  
Wojciech Tycholiz
Keyword(s):  
Division Of Labour ◽  
World Systems ◽  
World Systems Theory ◽  
Asymmetry Of Information ◽  
The Core ◽  
Mineral Wealth ◽  
The Status ◽  
Global North ◽  
Foreign Corporations ◽  
Resource Sector

This article presents and analyses how Tanzania, a country on the global “periphery” with a natural resource sector dominated by capital from the Global North, has thus far failed to transform its mineral wealth into sustained economic development. Using Immanuel Wallerstein’s “world systems theory” as the theoretical framework, we exemplify how the “core” exploited gold reserves in the 1990s and into the new century – and what techniques and mechanisms (e.g. asymmetry of information, imposition of inadequate management structures) it now currently uses to develop the nascent gas sector to its advantage. Scrutinising actions undertaken by the Tanzanian president to concentrate power, root out corruption, and to stand up to profit-maximising foreign corporations – or what we call the “Magufuli effect” – as way of illustration, we also demonstrate how Tanzania is trying to change its role within the international division of labour and how the core attempts to maintain the status quo meanwhile.

EMPIRE AND INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS IN VICTORIAN POLITICAL THOUGHT

2006 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 281-298 ◽  
Author(s):  
DUNCAN S. A. BELL
Keyword(s):  
International Relations ◽  
International Law ◽  
Political Theory ◽  
The United States ◽  
International Affairs ◽  
Global Order ◽  
Colonial Empire ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Relationship

This essay surveys recent scholarly work on the political theory of empire and international relations in Britain during the long nineteenth century. It traces the dominant themes and arguments to be found, points to some interpretative and methodological weaknesses, and highlights a number of topics that remain to be explored in detail. I focus on the following: the relationship between liberalism and empire and, in particular, the role played by the idea of civilization in circumscribing liberal claims to universality; the nature and evolution of international law, and the key role that jurisprudential thought played in shaping conceptions of civilization and setting the bounds of legitimacy for imperialism; the vexed relationship between the history of imperial thought and cultural/political history; and the important, though frequently marginalized, role of the colonial empire in the Victorian imperial imagination. Finally, I suggest that areas that remain to be explored in depth include non-liberal visions of international affairs; the role of theology in shaping conceptions of global order; and the balance between the United States, Europe, and the various (and very different) elements of the empire.

scholarly journals Transferring Knowledge in a Knowledge-in-Use Task—Investigating the Role of Knowledge Organization

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcus Kubsch ◽  
Israel Touitou ◽  
Jeffrey Nordine ◽  
David Fortus ◽  
Knut Neumann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Network Analysis ◽  
Goal Orientation ◽  
Knowledge Networks ◽  
Achievement Goal Orientation ◽  
Direct Connection ◽  
Major Goal ◽  
Mastery Goal Orientation ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Successful Transfer

Knowledge-in-Use, i.e., the ability to apply what one has learned, is a major goal of education and involves the ability to transfer one’s knowledge. While some general principles of knowledge transfer have been revealed, the literature is full of inconclusive results and it remains hard to predict successful transfer. However, research into expertise suggests that how one organizes one’s knowledge is critical for successful transfer. Drawing on data from a larger study on the learning of energy, we employed network analysis to investigate how the organization of students’ knowledge about energy influenced their ability to transfer and what role achievement goal orientation may have played in this. We found that students that had more coherently organized knowledge networks were more successful in transfer. Furthermore, we also found a connection between mastery goal orientation and the organization of students’ knowledge networks. Our results extend the literature by providing evidence for a direct connection between the organization of students’ knowledge networks, their success in transfer, and their goal orientation and hint at the complexities in the relationship between mastery approach goal orientation and successful transfer beyond what is reported in the literature.

The ‘Economic’ in Indian Sociology: Genealogies, Disjunctions and Agenda

2021 ◽  
pp. 003802292110146
Author(s):  
Mufsin Puthan Purayil ◽  
Manish Thakur
Keyword(s):  
Developmental State ◽  
Division Of Labour ◽  
Sociological Study ◽  
Disciplinary History ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
Village Studies ◽  
Sociological Studies ◽  
The Relationship

A cursory glance at the century-old history of Indian sociology reveals its relative under-engagement with economic phenomena and processes. Although the ‘economic’ did get studied under the influence of agrarian and village studies, and certain apparently economic themes such as industry and labour did attract scholarly attention from some sociologists, we notice the absence of a sustained and robust academic tradition of sociological studies of the economy in India. There appears to have been an intellectual division of labour, where the study of economic issues was ceded to economists whereas sociologists remained jubilant with their studies of primordial institutions. This study attempts to locate this persistent disjunction between the social and the economic from the perspective of the disciplinary history. Of necessity, this calls for an examination of the relationship between sociology and economics, and the way it unfolded in post-independence India. To this end, this study discusses the role of the developmental state, the prevailing notions of expertise, and the differential treatment accorded to different social sciences’ disciplines. The paper concludes with the outlining of a disciplinary agenda for the sociological study of the ‘economic’.

Nursing, Knowledge and Practice

1997 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 190-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Davina Allen
Keyword(s):  
Health Services ◽  
Service Provision ◽  
Division Of Labour ◽  
Nurse Education ◽  
Nursing Knowledge ◽  
Academic Knowledge ◽  
Knowledge And Practice ◽  
Changing Role ◽  
The Relationship

Recent commentators have suggested that academic knowledge is irrelevant to nursing practice and may actually undermine nursing's traditional caring ethos. Furthermore, by making nursing more academic, it is claimed that ‘natural’ but non-academic carers are prevented from pursuing a career in nursing. Debates about the relationship between nursing, knowledge and practice have a long history and have to be understood in terms of wider political and economic issues relating to nursing, its status within society and the changing role of nurses within the health services division of labour. One crucial issue is nursing's status as women's work. Critics of developments in nurse education draw an ideological equation between nursing work and the traditional female role. From this perspective the qualities that make a good nurse cannot be taught, rather they are founded on ‘natural’ feminine skills. Irrespective of whether caring is ‘natural’ or not, it is questionable as to whether, for today's nurses, being caring is sufficient. The shape of nursing jurisdiction is a long way removed from its origins in the Victorian middle-class household. In addition to their traditional caring role, contemporary nurses may also have complex clinical, management and research responsibilities, as well as being crucial co-ordinators of service provision. It is suggested that these and future developments in health services make the need for an educated nursing workforce even more pressing. In order to adequately prepare nurses for practice, however, it is vital that nurse education reflects the reality of service provision.

scholarly journals Islamic culture and globalisation: Challenges and responses

IIUC Studies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 57-76
Author(s):  
Md Cholem Ullah
Keyword(s):  
Western Culture ◽  
Cultural Perspective ◽  
Islamic Culture ◽  
Global Order ◽  
The West ◽  
The Relationship

This paper is a humble endeavor to look at the relationship between Islam and globalisation from cultural perspective. The paper explores the nature of Islamic culture and its interaction with the west as part of the fundamental factors of how the west employ the policies against Islam in the most inhumane form. Now, western powers have been propagating against Islam. It is thus significant to analyze the role of ummah in this milieu of cultural globalisation for preparedness in shaping and constructing the course of globalisation in the coming days. This paper seeks to explain how will ummah meet challenges facing Islam as a cultural participator in globalisation where Islam is attributed with terrorism and other allegations, albeit is not Islamic at all and will never been part of the Islamic teaching and culture.Against this backdrop, Islam's future and its culture depend on Muslim ummah’s ability and their uncompromising mindset- not to integrate modernity and western culture into Islam but to make the new global order that can infuse religious norms like solidarity, community and identity. IIUC Studies Vol.16, December 2019: 57-76

scholarly journals Brain-Adjusted Relational Leadership: A Social-Constructed Consciousness Approach to Leader-Follower Interaction

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandros Psychogios ◽  
Nikolaos Dimitriadis
Keyword(s):  
Social Process ◽  
Relational Leadership ◽  
Social Brain ◽  
Socially Constructed ◽  
Person Following ◽  
The Social ◽  
Leaders And Followers ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Way

Relationship-based approaches to leadership represent one of the fastest-growing leadership fields and help us to understand better organizational leadership. Relation-based approaches emphasize the relationship and interaction between the leader and the follower. The emphasis is placed on the way that they interact and influence each other at attaining mutual goals. It is known that leaders are linked to followers and vice versa in a sense of responding to other's needs toward the achievement of mutual goals. Leaders and followers are an essential part of this social process implying that they are losing their traditional identity rooted in the formal organizational structure (manager-subordinate) and become inseparable actors of a co-constructing process of leadership. What is less known though is the way that leadership actors are linked to each other and in particular how they try to understand how to do that in the workplace. What is even less understood is the importance and role of consciousness in this relationship. Especially since consciousness appears to be both a fundamental and a very elusive element in human relations. Therefore, this paper conceptually explores the concept of consciousness within the context of the social brain theory to argue that leadership actors need to rethink their approach to individuality and focus on mutually dependent relations with each other. This paper contributes to the field of Neuro-management by introducing the concept of Homo Relationalis. In this respect, we suggest that leadership is not just a socially constructed element but also a social brain constructed phenomenon that requires an understanding of the human brain as a social organ. We further recommend a new approach of applying cognitive style analysis to capture the duality of leader/follower in the same person, following the self-illusion theory. Finally, we conclude that we need to further emphasize a social brain-adjusted relational leadership approach and we introduce two new cognitive styles that can help capture the essence of it.

Interdependence in International Organization and Global Governance

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger A. Coate ◽  
Jeffrey A. Griffin ◽  
Steven Elliott-Gower
Keyword(s):  
International System ◽  
World Politics ◽  
International Organization ◽  
World Systems ◽  
World Systems Theory ◽  
Core Element ◽  
Transnational Relations ◽  
Technical Issues ◽  
International Systems

Interdependence is a key structural feature of the international system. While ambiguity exists over the concept and its usage, interdependence is central for explaining the nature and dynamics of international organization (IO), as well as international relations more broadly conceived. Interdependence involves interconnection/linkages among actors and systems of interrelationships of actors. Yet, interdependence means more than simple interconnectedness. It entails a relationship in which two or more parties are linked in a system of action in such a way that changes in one party impact in some meaningful way on the attainment of needs, values, and/or desired outcomes of the others. In other words, the satisfaction of each party’s needs and values is contingent to some degree on the behavior of others. The concept of interdependence is used in several areas. In general international systems, a system functions as a whole because of the interdependence of its parts. Interdependence also plays a significant role in Immanuel Wallenstein’s world-systems theory, as well as the closely related concept of dependency. Another important analytical thread in interdependence theorizing has been international integration, where the creation of cooperative transnational linkages for dealing with technical issues could result in a learning process that changed attitudes about cooperation. Finally, with interdependence as a core element, more systematic frameworks for analyzing and explaining the nature and role of transnational relations in world politics can be made.

Introduction: assembling and materialising

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick McCurdy ◽  
Anna Feigenbaum ◽  
Fabian Frenzel ◽  
Gavin Brown
Keyword(s):  
Physical Space ◽  
Division Of Labour ◽  
Virtual Space ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Media ◽  
Media And Communication ◽  
Media Practices ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Over Time

In this section introduction the authors consider the different elements that are brought together to create the material and social infrastructures of camps. Taking seriously the material and social infrastructures of camps, they examine the spatial division of labour within protest camps. They also introduce how the architecture of the public squares and gardens that are occupied by protesters can shape the ways in which politics is practised within them. Protest camps are seldom spontaneous, and it is necessary to understand better the processes by which camps are planned, and the ways in which political practices travel between camps over time. This includes the important role of media and communication infrastructure. The authors highlight the need to examine the relationship between the physical space of occupation and the mediated or virtual space. Of interest are the media practices used to maintain and amplify spaces of protest, with particular attention given to the role of media - and social media in particular - in maintaining and amplifying corporeal protest camp sites.

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