scholarly journals Enabling Indigenous urban design : an examination of theory and precedents for application in Winnipeg

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neil Loewen
Keyword(s):  
First Nations ◽  
Urban Design ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Theoretical Basis ◽  
Indigenous Population ◽  
Urban Spaces ◽  
Theory Theory ◽  
Cultural Expression ◽  
Planning Processes ◽  
The City

This research paper explores strategies for including Indigenous identities in the design of urban spaces and provides recommendations for the City of Winnipeg. As Canada’s Indigenous population is now primarily situated in urban areas there is growing demand for First Nations, Métis, and Inuit cultural expression to influence the design of the spaces these populations inhabit in cities. A review of salient literature pertaining to Indigenous involvement in planning processes and the translation of culture into urban design provides a theoretical basis for further investigation. Auckland, Aotearoa New Zealand’s Maori Design Principles are used as a relevant precedent study. The search for precedents uncovers that practice is lagging far behind theory. Theory and precedent study inform a series of recommended actions for the City of Winnipeg with the intent of enabling Indigenous urban design in both reserve and off-reserve settings.

scholarly journals Enabling Indigenous urban design : an examination of theory and precedents for application in Winnipeg

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neil Loewen
Keyword(s):  
First Nations ◽  
Urban Design ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Theoretical Basis ◽  
Indigenous Population ◽  
Urban Spaces ◽  
Theory Theory ◽  
Cultural Expression ◽  
Planning Processes ◽  
The City

This research paper explores strategies for including Indigenous identities in the design of urban spaces and provides recommendations for the City of Winnipeg. As Canada’s Indigenous population is now primarily situated in urban areas there is growing demand for First Nations, Métis, and Inuit cultural expression to influence the design of the spaces these populations inhabit in cities. A review of salient literature pertaining to Indigenous involvement in planning processes and the translation of culture into urban design provides a theoretical basis for further investigation. Auckland, Aotearoa New Zealand’s Maori Design Principles are used as a relevant precedent study. The search for precedents uncovers that practice is lagging far behind theory. Theory and precedent study inform a series of recommended actions for the City of Winnipeg with the intent of enabling Indigenous urban design in both reserve and off-reserve settings.

Thermal comfort and pedestrian behaviors in urban public spaces in cities with warm and dry climates

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hocine Boumaraf ◽  
Louisa Amireche
Keyword(s):  
Urban Design ◽  
Social Cohesion ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
Urban Spaces ◽  
Field Surveys ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Microclimatic Conditions ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to move beyond the stage of analysis of exclusively physical microclimatic phenomena and extending ourselves to the study of the impact of the microclimate environment on the user behavior in public spaces. This paper will open up new opportunities for the development of urban open spaces and facilitate the decision-making for urban decision-makers, city managers and planners to make the right urban planning decision. Design/methodology/approach The methodology for identifying the links between microclimatic quality of urban routes and behaviors was developed on the basis of the results obtained from field surveys carried out in nine public urban areas of the city of Biskra, three urban space are located in a traditional urban fabric (the medina) and the other five in new urban areas, in the two climatic seasons (winter, summer) of 2019. For this exploratory research, two types of instruments were used to collect data from environmental and human monitoring. Findings Improving microclimatic conditions in urban spaces can allow people to spend more time outside, with the possibility of increasing their social cohesion. The overall objective of this research is to better understand the impact of microclimatic characteristics on pedestrian behavior of nine selected public urban spaces in the city of Biskra, Algeria. To characterize this impact, the authors developed an approach based on crossing data of field surveys, including structured interviews with a questionnaire and observations of human activities (video recordings), as well as microclimate monitoring, conducted during the two climatic seasons (winter, summer) 2019. The analysis of the results allowed to verify the impact of the two climatic seasons (winter, summer) on the variation in the density of occupancy of the different urban areas studied and the duration of the user stations. The authors also illustrated that the number of individuals higher in the traditional urban spaces of the city of Biskra or the conditions of climate comfort are more comfortable than the urban spaces in the new urban areas of the city of Biskra during the summer, which is the season most problematic. Originality/value In recent years, there has been a proliferation of scientific studies on the subject of control of microclimatic characteristics and, in particular, on the consideration of the thermal comfort of persons by qualitative analysis, prediction and representation of the perception of external environments. Improving microclimatic conditions in urban spaces can allow people to spend more time outside, with the possibility of increasing their social cohesion. This study highlights the importance of climate-conscious urban design and design flexibility. Urban environments can be modified in summer and winter to provide a better outdoor thermal environment for users. In addition, this study also shows the importance of harmony between microclimate and urban design. Such harmony can be achieved by including requirements for a climate-conscious urban design in the planning regulations for cities in arid zones.

scholarly journals STUDY ON URBAN RESIDUAL SPACE AS SOLUTIONS REVIEW FOR AREA PROBLEMS

SINERGI ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 245
Author(s):  
Diana Ayudya ◽  
Mona Anggiani
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Open Space ◽  
Social Conditions ◽  
Urban Spaces ◽  
Vacant Land ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Spatial Use ◽  
Residual Space ◽  
Density Irregularity ◽  
The City

In cities, spaces were intentionally formed, planned, or unintentionally unplanned. Unlike planned spaces, unplanned spaces in urban areas eventually tend to cause problems for the area. These spaces were referred to as residual spaces, which were generally vacant land or open space in various urban spaces. Urban residual space was also commonly found in tertiary activity centers in big cities like Jakarta, one of which was in the trade and service area of the city. Residual space in such areas grew and developed due to dense activity within the area, resulting building density, irregularity in some spatial use and environmental degradation. Due such conditions, several questions are significant to be raised.  What are the typology, utilization, and its impacts on the area? Did it only cause a problem, or could it be a solution to problems within the area? This study aimed to examine the typology of residual space based on the shape, location, utilization, and impact of trade and service activities in South Jakarta, Kebayoran Lama area. The proposed approach used was a qualitative study of the residual spaces in predetermined trade and commercial areas. The study results of the physical, spatial, visual, and social conditions of urban residual space were explained descriptively to get a picture of the characteristics of the form, location, utilization, and impact on the area.

scholarly journals Supporting Children’s Independent Activities in Smart and Playable Public Places

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (20) ◽  
pp. 8352
Author(s):  
Chiara Garau ◽  
Alfonso Annunziata
Keyword(s):  
Urban Design ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
Urban Spaces ◽  
Methodological Framework ◽  
Public Places ◽  
Historic Center ◽  
Physical Attributes ◽  
Process Of Urbanization ◽  
The City

The global process of urbanization, and the modification of social interaction determined by the pandemic crisis, poses the issue of the place of vulnerable users and, in particular, children, within the contemporary city. This research aimed to elaborate a theoretical and methodological framework, based on the concepts of affordance and capability, for analyzing the potential of public spaces to enable and support children’s independent activities. This potential, or meaningful usefulness, is expressed by the Index of Meaningful Usefulness of public Urban Spaces (IUIS). The latter is calculated via the tool ‘Opportunities for Children in Urban Spaces’ (OCUS). This methodology is applied to the analysis of significant public spaces within the historic center of the city of Iglesias in Sardinia, Italy. The results reveal adequate usefulness of the selected spaces, while underlining criticalities related to intrinsic spatial and physical attributes. The application to the case study confirms the validity of the theoretical and methodological framework embodied in the OCUS tool for supporting urban design and planning by orienting place-shaping processes towards the acknowledgement of children’s needs.

Methodological Dimensions of Delineating Peri-urban Areas: The Case of Kolkata Metropolis

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-194
Author(s):  
Dinabandhu Mondal ◽  
Sucharita Sen
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Urban Spaces ◽  
The Past ◽  
Social Transitions ◽  
Complex Interactions ◽  
Metropolitan Cities ◽  
Municipal Boundaries ◽  
The City ◽  
Complex Characters

In the past few decades, due to urbanization and spatial expansion of cities beyond their municipal boundaries, complex interactions between the city and its surrounding rural areas have occurred, resulting in the formation of peri-urban spaces or zones of transition. There is a plurality of definitions for these peri-urban spaces, due to their diverse character in terms of land and water use, livelihood shifts, demographic and social transitions. Most peri-urban areas, specifically those around large metropolitan cities, are increasingly assuming complex characters, which call for governance structures beyond rural–urban binaries. For any administrative intervention of a serious nature in peri-urban areas, a standard methodology for demarcation of these spaces is required. This article is an attempt to develop and apply such a methodology beyond the existing ones, using government sources of data, in the case of Kolkata Metropolis. This article uses socio-economic and land-use characteristics to achieve this objective. It finds that peri-urban spaces do not necessarily develop uniformly around the city; instead, they are fragmented and could be located both near or relatively far from urban areas.

scholarly journals The sustainable urban design on the example of Oświęcim

2018 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
pp. 00080
Author(s):  
Krystyna Paprzyca
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Urban Environment ◽  
Urban Design ◽  
Urban Life ◽  
Urban Spaces ◽  
Environmental Aspects ◽  
Spatial Management ◽  
The Many ◽  
The City

The quality of the urban environment determines a lasting relationship between a man and his place of residence. Sustainable management of the urban spaces is crucial as it directly affects their quality. The article analyses the results of the sustainability regarding spatial, socio-economic, technical and environmental aspects, which are one of the many conditions that contribute to the proper functioning of urban life. They also influence the quality of life and residence in the urban environment. There are different ways of expressing the development of the cities defined by specific indicators. They focus mainly on development of the quality of life - social, economic and environmental development. The sustainable urban design is related to issues connected with the form and spatial management. This topic is presented on the example of the city of Oświęcim - the Old Town district with the surrounding area.

scholarly journals Supporting Children’s Independent Activities in Smart and Playable Public Places

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chiara Garau ◽  
Alfonso Annunziata
Keyword(s):  
Urban Design ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
Urban Spaces ◽  
Methodological Framework ◽  
Public Places ◽  
Historic Center ◽  
Physical Attributes ◽  
Process Of Urbanization ◽  
The City

The global process of urbanization, and the modification of social interaction determined by the pandemic crisis poses the issue of the place of vulnerable users, and in particular children, within the contemporary city. This research aims to elaborate a theoretical and methodological framework, based on the concepts of affordance and capability, for analyzing the potential of public spaces to enable and support children’s independent activities. This potential, or meaningful usefulness, is expressed by the Index of Meaningful Usefulness of public Urban Spaces (IUIS). The latter is calculated via the tool ‘Opportunities for Children in Urban Spaces’ (OCUS). This methodology is applied to the analysis of significant public spaces within the historic center of the city of Iglesias in Sardinia, Italy. The results reveal adequate usefulness of the selected spaces, while underlining criticalities related to intrinsic spatial and physical attributes. The application to the case study confirms the validity of the theoretical and methodological framework embodied in the OCUS tool for supporting urban design and planning by orienting place-shaping processes towards the acknowledgement of children’s needs.

scholarly journals Analizy Space Syntax wobec zjawiska segregacji społecznej i izolacji przestrzennej obszarów mieszkaniowych

2020 ◽  
pp. 13-18
Author(s):  
Justyna Olesiak
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Urban Design ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Space Syntax ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Syntax Analysis ◽  
The Face ◽  
Urban Analysis ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

W wielu obszarach miejskich widoczna jest skrajna segregacja przestrzeni publicznej oraz fakt, że wiele dzielnic mieszkaniowych jest przestrzennie odizolowanych od miasta jako całości. Ponieważ tradycyjne metody analiz urbanistycznych dają słabe wytyczne w tym kontekście, podjęta zostanie próba ujęcia problemu i odmiennego podejścia do segregacji w projektowaniu urbanistycznym. Niniejszy artykuł bada, w jaki sposób teorie i metody analizy Space Syntax mogą przyczynić się do stworzenia bardziej dopracowanych opisów relacji przestrzennych w różnych dzielnicach i całym mieście. Przyjęto metodę badawczą: analizę literatury fachowej (krajowej i zagranicznej) oraz dostępnych publikacji. Analiza urbanistyczna oparta na teorii Space Syntax umożliwia wykazanie zasadniczych różnic strukturalnych między dzielnicami i określenie wpływu form urbanistycznych na zalety przestrzenne różnych obszarów miasta. Otwiera to nowe możliwości rozwiązania problemu segregacji w zakresie projektowania urbanistycznego oraz sformułowanie bardziej skutecznych interwencji antysegregacyjnych. Space Syntax analysis in the Face of the Phenomenon of Social Segregation and Spatial Isolation of Residential Areas In many urban areas there is an observable extreme segregation of public space, in addition to the fact that many housing districts are spatially isolated from the city as a whole. As traditional methods of urban analysis provide poor guidelines in this context, an attempt to investigate this problem and present a different approach to segregation in urban design was made. This paper presents an investigation about how Space Syntax theories and methods can contribute to creating more detailed descriptions of spatial relationships in different districts and in the entire city. The research method employed was an analysis of the literature (both domestic and trade). Space-Syntax-based urban analysis enables demonstrating significant structural differences between districts and to determine the impact of urban forms on the spatial advantages of different areas of the city. It provides new opportunities to address segregation in urban design and formulate more effective anti-segregation interventions.

scholarly journals Future Stories: On Oslo Apiary & Aviary 2014–2018

Ung Uro ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 145-152
Author(s):  
Emma Christine Karlsen
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Urban Spaces ◽  
Artistic Practice ◽  
The Core ◽  
The City ◽  
Point Of Departure

At the core of Oslo Apiary & Aviary’s artistic practice during the years 2014 to 2018 is ecological intervention performed in urban areas. Taking their work from this period as a point of departure, this chapter explores how ‘ecoventions’—such as facilitating for birds, moths and insects in the city—can challenge common perceptions regarding urban spaces and allow for reflection and re-thinking about ontological co-existence in the city. It is argued that Oslo Apiary & Aviary are storytellers that enact new futures that point towards a more sustainable life in the city, both for humans and for birds, moths and insects.

scholarly journals Waterfront Public Realm Design: Towards a Sustainable Identity Urban Projects in Vancouver and Portland

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Lacilla ◽  
Jose Maria Ordeig
Keyword(s):  
Urban Design ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Design Guidelines ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Public Realm ◽  
Open Spaces ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
Current Century ◽  
False Creek ◽  
The City

<p>The renovation of the waterfronts, such as those in the main public spaces of large cities, started in 1970s. Core industries had found other places to develop far from the city; thereafter key areas fell out of use and into disrepair. As a consequence, a huge number of urban areas became in urgent need of renewal. However, urban design guidelines to regenerate these open spaces have significantly changed since then. The approach towards returning these parts of the city to its inhabitants has evolved from an emphasis on building new housing in the nineties, to considering the broader aspects of sustainability in the early years of the current century and finally to searching for the areas’ identity in more recent years. Therefore, currently this identity is one of the main aspects designers are looking for. At the same time, the sustainability of the waterfront areas may be achieved through the establishment of this place´s sense of identity. In order to do this, we assess three urban actions undertaken in Portland and Vancouver -False Creek North, South Waterfront and Southeast False Creek-. The article suggests that the interplay between urban design, sustainability and identity is becoming the new driver for the design of the waterfronts.</p>

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