scholarly journals A database development and analysis of selected side impact collisions in Toronto

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Zaki Bou-Younes
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Side Impact ◽  
Vehicle Speed ◽  
Software Release ◽  
Late Model ◽  
The City ◽  
Different Sources ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Statistical Analysis Software ◽  
Selection Of

This thesis is based on the initial phase of a project that developed an in-depth collision database and performed an analysis of police reported side-impact collisions for the City of Toronto intersections between 1998 and 2000. Currently, collision data exists through several different sources in Ontario. The development of a database involving the amalgamation of collision forms, the selection of data fields, and the collection of real collision data from selected, thoroughly investigated side impact collisions involving late model vehicles (1998 and newer), is described. For analysis, Statistical Analysis Software Release 8.02 was used to investigate causation and causal factors of side impact collisions. Statistically significant collision factors determined by fault propensity included apparent driver action, driver age, front seat passenger age, maximum posted speed, approximate vehicle speed, road character, and number of lanes. For intersection collision propensity, statistically significant findings included the system used, presence of flashing signals, intersection legs, roadway volume, and intersection leg road classifications. It is anticipated that the findings from this analysis can provide insight into significant factors in side-impact collisions that will be applied with greater focus to the in-depth collision database, once developed. Traffic accidents

scholarly journals A database development and analysis of selected side impact collisions in Toronto

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Zaki Bou-Younes
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Side Impact ◽  
Vehicle Speed ◽  
Software Release ◽  
Late Model ◽  
The City ◽  
Different Sources ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Statistical Analysis Software ◽  
Selection Of

This thesis is based on the initial phase of a project that developed an in-depth collision database and performed an analysis of police reported side-impact collisions for the City of Toronto intersections between 1998 and 2000. Currently, collision data exists through several different sources in Ontario. The development of a database involving the amalgamation of collision forms, the selection of data fields, and the collection of real collision data from selected, thoroughly investigated side impact collisions involving late model vehicles (1998 and newer), is described. For analysis, Statistical Analysis Software Release 8.02 was used to investigate causation and causal factors of side impact collisions. Statistically significant collision factors determined by fault propensity included apparent driver action, driver age, front seat passenger age, maximum posted speed, approximate vehicle speed, road character, and number of lanes. For intersection collision propensity, statistically significant findings included the system used, presence of flashing signals, intersection legs, roadway volume, and intersection leg road classifications. It is anticipated that the findings from this analysis can provide insight into significant factors in side-impact collisions that will be applied with greater focus to the in-depth collision database, once developed. Traffic accidents

scholarly journals Behavioral Dynamics of Pedestrians Crossing between Two Moving Vehicles

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 859 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soon Ho Kim ◽  
Jong Won Kim ◽  
Hyun-Chae Chung ◽  
Gyoo-Jae Choi ◽  
MooYoung Choi
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Vehicle Speed ◽  
Mathematical Tool ◽  
Vehicle Type ◽  
Behavioral Dynamics ◽  
Moving Vehicles ◽  
Bearing Angle ◽  
Human Participants ◽  
Crossing Point ◽  
Insight Into

This study examines the human behavioral dynamics of pedestrians crossing a street with vehicular traffic. To this end, an experiment was constructed in which human participants cross a road between two moving vehicles in a virtual reality setting. A mathematical model is developed in which the position is given by a simple function. The model is used to extract information on each crossing by performing root-mean-square deviation (RMSD) minimization of the function from the data. By isolating the parameter adjusted to gap features, we find that the subjects primarily changed the timing of the acceleration to adjust to changing gap conditions, rather than walking speed or duration of acceleration. Moreover, this parameter was also adjusted to the vehicle speed and vehicle type, even when the gap size and timing were not changed. The model is found to provide a description of gap affordance via a simple inequality of the fitting parameters. In addition, the model turns out to predict a constant bearing angle with the crossing point, which is also observed in the data. We thus conclude that our model provides a mathematical tool useful for modeling crossing behaviors and probing existing models. It may also provide insight into the source of traffic accidents.

scholarly journals Safety evaluation of left-turn priority phasing at Toronto intersections

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anwarul Haq Dogar
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Safety Evaluation ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Signalized Intersections ◽  
Side Impact ◽  
Empirical Bayesian ◽  
Left Turn ◽  
Safety Performance Functions ◽  
The City

Traffic accidents cause a huge loss to the society. According to statistics, 50% of all accidents occur at urban intersections and 47% of these are due to left-turn collisions. Countermeasure Implementation at these locations therefore can play a vital role in the improvement of traffic safety. This study illustrates a methodology for evaluation of urban 4-legged signalized intersections treated with left-turn priority phasing. The methodology is applied to three important collisions types: those due to left-turn collisions; those due to left-turn side impact collisions; and all impact types combined collisions. Data used in this analysis were obtained from the City of Toronto. Safety Performance Functions for left-turn and all impact types combined collisions which were developed by the City of Toronto, were calibrated and used in an empirical Bayesian methodology that was employed to estimate the expected frequency of accidents occurring at each intersection in order to evaluate the effectiveness of left-turn priority phasing in reducing this frequency. The results revealed that left-turn priority phasing can be an effective treatment for addressing and reducing the number of collision at signalized intersections. Flashing advance green phasing is more effective in improving safety for two of three types; all left-turn and all impact types combined collisions. Left-turn green arrow (protected/permissive) phasing is more effective for left-turn side impact collisions. By implementing this type of treatment, the number of crashes and the associated monetary loss to society could be significantly reduced.

scholarly journals Safety evaluation of left-turn priority phasing at Toronto intersections

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anwarul Haq Dogar
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Safety Evaluation ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Signalized Intersections ◽  
Side Impact ◽  
Empirical Bayesian ◽  
Left Turn ◽  
Safety Performance Functions ◽  
The City

Traffic accidents cause a huge loss to the society. According to statistics, 50% of all accidents occur at urban intersections and 47% of these are due to left-turn collisions. Countermeasure Implementation at these locations therefore can play a vital role in the improvement of traffic safety. This study illustrates a methodology for evaluation of urban 4-legged signalized intersections treated with left-turn priority phasing. The methodology is applied to three important collisions types: those due to left-turn collisions; those due to left-turn side impact collisions; and all impact types combined collisions. Data used in this analysis were obtained from the City of Toronto. Safety Performance Functions for left-turn and all impact types combined collisions which were developed by the City of Toronto, were calibrated and used in an empirical Bayesian methodology that was employed to estimate the expected frequency of accidents occurring at each intersection in order to evaluate the effectiveness of left-turn priority phasing in reducing this frequency. The results revealed that left-turn priority phasing can be an effective treatment for addressing and reducing the number of collision at signalized intersections. Flashing advance green phasing is more effective in improving safety for two of three types; all left-turn and all impact types combined collisions. Left-turn green arrow (protected/permissive) phasing is more effective for left-turn side impact collisions. By implementing this type of treatment, the number of crashes and the associated monetary loss to society could be significantly reduced.

Gift-Giving in Dubrovnik’s First Diplomatic Contacts with the Sublime Porte / Dubrovački diplomatski pokloni odaslani na Visoku Portu (1430. – 1458.)

2021 ◽  
pp. 67-114
Author(s):  
Valentina Šoštarić
Keyword(s):  
Collective Identity ◽  
Cultural Landscape ◽  
Social Rank ◽  
Interdisciplinary Approach ◽  
The Sublime ◽  
Cultural Exchanges ◽  
First Time ◽  
The City ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Selection Of

In 1430 Dubrovnik’s authorities decided to send ambassadors to the Sublime Porte for the first time. An important part of the preparatory activities was to decide to whom gifts should be presented, and what should be the nature and value of the gifts presented to the various recipients. Gifts were carefully wrapped diplomatic messages that their recipients could interpret in various ways. Gift rhetoric was used primarily to achieve strategic interests and was an ideological tool used both as a sign and an instrument. An analysis of the nature and value of the objects that ambassadors gave to their hosts reveals the “collective identity” of the community that preoccupied the City fathers, offers an insight into Dubrovnik’s trade connections and local production of luxury goods, as well as their reception in a different cultural landscape. Sources kept in the Dubrovnik State Archive allow us to reconstruct the list of Dubrovnik’s diplomatic gifts presented to various individuals at the Sublime Porte from the time of the establishment of the first official diplomatic contacts until the City became a tributary state. The gifts can be categorized according to the political and social rank of the recipients. Interpretation of the reasoning underlying the selection of gifts offers an interdisciplinary approach to the analysis of their pragmatic purposes, their origin and production, their value (economic, social, cultural, practical, emotional), and manipulation of their usage. As well as influencing both contemporary and future Ragusan – Ottoman relations, the gifts encouraged symbolic, material, and cultural exchanges between diverse civilizations.

scholarly journals Kornelije Stankovic´s piano repertoire - from European practice to national ideology

Muzikologija ◽  
2018 ◽  
pp. 103-117
Author(s):  
Marijana Kokanovic-Markovic
Keyword(s):  
Franz Liszt ◽  
Political Life ◽  
Piano Repertoire ◽  
German Press ◽  
Equal Importance ◽  
National Ideology ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The City ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Selection Of

Of particular importance for the artistic commitment and maturation of Kornelije Stankovic, was his training in Vienna, which at that time represented the center of the Slavic elite. The whole cultural and social atmosphere of Vienna left a strong imprint on the young artist: a rich cultural and political life of the city, contacts with Serbian and Slavic circles and their ideas, especially studies under distinguished professor at the Conservatory - a composer, pianist and theorist Simon Sechter. By studying the inscriptions in the Serbian press from the 19th century (Srbski list, Vidovdan, Juzna pcela, Danica, Trgovacke novine, Sumadinka) and preserved posters of Stankovic?s concerts, we have selected the compositions that were part of the Kornelije Stankovic piano repertoire. Besides his own compositions, his repertoire included some works of Franz Liszt and Sigismund Thalberg, and even, then popular and now forgotten salon composers-pianists: Jacob Blumenthal, Louis Lacombe, Rudolf Willmers, Eduard M. Pirkhert, and a certain man named Wald. It is possible that this selection of works was influenced by Sechter himself. Blumental and Lacombe were his students. However, the fact remains that the compositions of those authors, which Stankovic performed, also represented the most famous works of those composers, as well as the standards of the salon repertoire at the time. The aim of this paper is to highlight the equal importance and representation of the foreign composers within Stankovic?s piano repertoire, as well as the actuality of performed compositions, which has allowed us to gain an insight into the German press of the considered period.

Turkish Muslims in a German city: Entrepreneurial and residential self-determination

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Sarah Hackett
Keyword(s):  
Residential Patterns ◽  
Academic Literature ◽  
Self Employment ◽  
German City ◽  
Post War ◽  
Oral History Interviews ◽  
The City ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Term Objective

Drawing upon a collection of oral history interviews, this paper offers an insight into entrepreneurial and residential patterns and behaviour amongst Turkish Muslims in the German city of Bremen. The academic literature has traditionally argued that Turkish migrants in Germany have been pushed into self-employment, low-quality housing and segregated neighbourhoods as a result of discrimination, and poor employment and housing opportunities. Yet the interviews reveal the extent to which Bremen’s Turkish Muslims’ performances and experiences have overwhelmingly been the consequences of personal choices and ambitions. For many of the city’s Turkish Muslim entrepreneurs, self-employment had been a long-term objective, and they have succeeded in establishing and running their businesses in the manner they choose with regards to location and clientele, for example. Similarly, interviewees stressed the way in which they were able to shape their housing experiences by opting which districts of the city to live in and by purchasing property. On the whole, they perceive their entrepreneurial and residential practices as both consequences and mediums of success, integration and a loyalty to the city of Bremen. The findings are contextualised within the wider debate regarding the long-term legacy of Germany’s post-war guest-worker system and its position as a “country of immigration”.

Determinants Considered by Consumers for Brand Selection - with Reference to Laptops in Albania

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Margret Plloçi ◽  
Macit Koc
Keyword(s):  
Primary Data ◽  
Battery Life ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Light Weight ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Technical Features ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The City ◽  
Different Sources ◽  
Core Features

Abstract Purpose of the article There is relatively a big number of brands in the market of laptops nowadays in Albania. It appears that the number of brands offered in this market could easily be compared to the number of brands in Europe and even broader. The purpose of this study is to help Albanian vendors understand the criteria that consumers take into consideration when they make the decision to purchase a laptop. Methodology/methods The research is based on the collection and the analyses of the primary data collected through interviews to people like managers or employees who work in the sector of trading laptops or in businesses like education where laptops are broadly used recently; then a survey is done through a questionnaire delivered to customers who already own and use a laptop and customers who are potential buyers of laptops. Scientific aim The aim of the research is to identify if there are any relationships between the demographics of the consumers and the criteria of buying a laptop; on the other hand, to find out how is the relationship between the demographics and the features of different brands. Findings The study found out that Albanian consumers have good knowledge of laptops and their brands, and they use different sources of information for making their decisions in buying a laptop; it is found that there are relationships between some demographics like age or gender and the appraisal for some attributes of the laptops like price, design and high graphics card; it is also found that some technical features and other attributes of using laptops are some of the determinants that influence the laptops’ purchases. Conclusions It is realized that one of the most important demographics of the consumers is their age. Some core features like RAM, ROM, battery life, processor quality, light weight or attributes that are connected to the purposes of using the laptop computers like practicality and mobility in using them, work and studying processes, quick access to the internet are determinant factors which influence the decision making process of purchasing a laptop. I would recommend that future researches be focused also on the relationship between the customers’ income and their preferred brand or ranking brands according to the customers’ preferences. Such studies should also extend outside the city of Tirana.

A Selection of Bandung City Travel Route Using The FLOYD-WARSHALL Algorithm

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Ghifari Arfananda ◽  
◽  
Surya Michrandi Nasution ◽  
Casi Setianingsih ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Route Selection ◽  
Tourist Attractions ◽  
Tourist Destinations ◽  
A Value ◽  
Distance Data ◽  
Simple Additive Weighting ◽  
The City ◽  
Selection Of

The rapid development of information and technology, the city of Bandung tourism has also increased. However, tourists who visit the city of Bandung have problems with a limited time when visiting Bandung tourist attractions. Traffic congestion, distance, and the number of tourist destinations are the problems for tourists travel. The optimal route selection is the solution for those problems. Congestion and distance data are processed using the Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) method. Route selection uses the Floyd-Warshall Algorithm. In this study, the selection of the best route gets the smallest weight with a value of 5.127 from the Algorithm process. Based on testing, from two to five tourist attractions get an average calculation time of 3 to 5 seconds. This application is expected to provide optimal solutions for tourists in the selection of tourist travel routes.

An Insight into Oligopeptide Transporter 3 (OPT3) family proteins

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fırat Kurt
Keyword(s):  
Stress Responses ◽  
Chelating Agent ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Biotic And Abiotic Stress ◽  
Oligopeptide Transporter ◽  
Binding Residues ◽  
Fe Homeostasis ◽  
Proteins Interactions ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Selection Of

: Oligopeptide transporter 3 (OPT3) proteins are one of the subsets of OPT clade, yet little is known about these transporters. Therefore, homolog OPT3 proteins in several plant species were investigated and characterized using bioinformatical tools. Motif and co-expression analyses showed that OPT3 proteins may be involved in both biotic and abiotic stress responses as well as growth and developmental processes. AtOPT3 usually seemed to take part in Fe homeostasis whereas ZmOPT3 putatively interacted with proteins involved in various biological processes from plant defense system to stress responses. Glutathione (GSH), as a putative alternative chelating agent, was used in the AtOPT3 and ZmOPT3 docking analyses to identify their putative binding residues. The information given in this study will contribute to the understanding of OPT3 proteins’ interactions in various pathways and to the selection of potential ligands for OPT3s.

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