scholarly journals Biological Treatment of Wastewater Containing Automotive Antifreeze Solution Using a Packed Column

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.ADNAN A. Khan
Keyword(s):  
Biological Treatment ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Packed Column ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Biological Degradation ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Flow Rates ◽  
Simulated Wastewater ◽  
Wastewater Samples ◽  
Bod Removal

Simulated wastewater samples containing antifreeze were treated biologically using a packed column as an aerator. The objective of this project is to determine the rate of biological degradation of ethylene glycol at different air flow rates, liquid flow rates, and varied seeding rates at different time intervals, to achieve the highest removal rate of the BOD. The biological oxygen demand (BOD) of the wastewater was measured. Under a liquid flowrate of 5.5 kg m̃²s̃¹ the BOD removal increased when the air flowrate was increased from 0.0069 to 0.0414 kg m̃²s̃¹. However, further increases of the air flowrate beyond 0.0138 kg m̃²s̃¹ did not affect the BOD removal rate significantly. On the other hand, with a constant air flowrate when the liquid flowrate was increased from 5.5 to 11, 16.5, and 27.5 kg m̃²s̃¹, the percent BOD removal appeared to decrease slightly. It was also found that the increase in amount of seeding has no significant effect on BOD removal. The averaged BOD removal of about 90% was obtained after 72 hours of the wastewater treatment.

scholarly journals Biological Treatment of Wastewater Containing Automotive Antifreeze Solution Using a Packed Column

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.ADNAN A. Khan
Keyword(s):  
Biological Treatment ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Packed Column ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Biological Degradation ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Flow Rates ◽  
Simulated Wastewater ◽  
Wastewater Samples ◽  
Bod Removal

Simulated wastewater samples containing antifreeze were treated biologically using a packed column as an aerator. The objective of this project is to determine the rate of biological degradation of ethylene glycol at different air flow rates, liquid flow rates, and varied seeding rates at different time intervals, to achieve the highest removal rate of the BOD. The biological oxygen demand (BOD) of the wastewater was measured. Under a liquid flowrate of 5.5 kg m̃²s̃¹ the BOD removal increased when the air flowrate was increased from 0.0069 to 0.0414 kg m̃²s̃¹. However, further increases of the air flowrate beyond 0.0138 kg m̃²s̃¹ did not affect the BOD removal rate significantly. On the other hand, with a constant air flowrate when the liquid flowrate was increased from 5.5 to 11, 16.5, and 27.5 kg m̃²s̃¹, the percent BOD removal appeared to decrease slightly. It was also found that the increase in amount of seeding has no significant effect on BOD removal. The averaged BOD removal of about 90% was obtained after 72 hours of the wastewater treatment.

scholarly journals Investigation of the effect of magnetic field on the chemical oxygen demand removal of wastewater

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anup Jagadeesh
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Chemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Biological Treatment ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Cod Removal ◽  
Flow Rates ◽  
Wastewater Quality ◽  
Cod Removal Rate ◽  
The Magnetic Field

This study investigated the effect of magnetic field on the biological treatment of wastewater at varied liquid volumetric flow rates. Wastewater quality is measured by Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) which quantifies the amount of oxygen required to chemically oxidize organic compounds present in the water. The results obtained from the present study show that at the flow rate of 6.7 x 10⁻⁵ m³s⁻¹ there was a significant effect on the COD removal. At lower flow rates the magnetic field had more time to act on the microorganisms which in-turn increased the COD removal rate. However at flow rates 3.3 x 10⁻⁴ to 1.2 x 10⁻⁴ m³s⁻¹ the effect of the applied magnetic field on the COD removal decreased slightly.

scholarly journals Effect of temperature and pH on biological oxidation of antifreeze coolant using a packed column aerator

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Syed M Nasir Naqvi
Keyword(s):  
Packed Column ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Packed Bed ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Liquid Temperature ◽  
Initial Value ◽  
Liquid Flux ◽  
Increasing Trend ◽  
Simulated Wastewater ◽  
Bod Removal

Simulated wastewater containing 0.75% (v/v) antifreeze was treated biologically using a 0.18-m diameter packed column aerator with a 0.4-m higth packed bed of 20-mm polypropylene spheres. Effects of liquid temperature and pH on the biological oxygen demand (BOD₅) removal were investigated. All experiments were performed under an air flux of 0.0080 kg.m-².s-¹ and a liquid flux of 14.8 kg.m-².s-¹. An increasing trend of the BOD₅ removal with temperature was observed when liquid temperature was increased from 16 to 32 ºC by 4-degrees increments. When the wastewater pH was increased from 4 to 10 (by one-pH unit increments), the BOD₅ removal was increased by 18%. The averaged BOD₅ removal in the order of 90% (from the initial value of about 900 mg/L down to 80mg/L) was obtained after 96 hours of treatment. The stripping effect was accounted for about 75 mg/L of the overall BOD₅ change, i.e. about 9% of the overall BOD₅ removal. In addition, the BOD₅ removal due to the biomass in the packed column was also monitored. A decrease of about 15% in the BOD₅ removal was observed without packing in the packed column aerator.

scholarly journals Effect of temperature and pH on biological oxidation of antifreeze coolant using a packed column aerator

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Syed M Nasir Naqvi
Keyword(s):  
Packed Column ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Packed Bed ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Liquid Temperature ◽  
Initial Value ◽  
Liquid Flux ◽  
Increasing Trend ◽  
Simulated Wastewater ◽  
Bod Removal

Simulated wastewater containing 0.75% (v/v) antifreeze was treated biologically using a 0.18-m diameter packed column aerator with a 0.4-m higth packed bed of 20-mm polypropylene spheres. Effects of liquid temperature and pH on the biological oxygen demand (BOD₅) removal were investigated. All experiments were performed under an air flux of 0.0080 kg.m-².s-¹ and a liquid flux of 14.8 kg.m-².s-¹. An increasing trend of the BOD₅ removal with temperature was observed when liquid temperature was increased from 16 to 32 ºC by 4-degrees increments. When the wastewater pH was increased from 4 to 10 (by one-pH unit increments), the BOD₅ removal was increased by 18%. The averaged BOD₅ removal in the order of 90% (from the initial value of about 900 mg/L down to 80mg/L) was obtained after 96 hours of treatment. The stripping effect was accounted for about 75 mg/L of the overall BOD₅ change, i.e. about 9% of the overall BOD₅ removal. In addition, the BOD₅ removal due to the biomass in the packed column was also monitored. A decrease of about 15% in the BOD₅ removal was observed without packing in the packed column aerator.

scholarly journals Investigation of the effect of magnetic field on the chemical oxygen demand removal of wastewater

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anup Jagadeesh
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Chemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Biological Treatment ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Cod Removal ◽  
Flow Rates ◽  
Wastewater Quality ◽  
Cod Removal Rate ◽  
The Magnetic Field

This study investigated the effect of magnetic field on the biological treatment of wastewater at varied liquid volumetric flow rates. Wastewater quality is measured by Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) which quantifies the amount of oxygen required to chemically oxidize organic compounds present in the water. The results obtained from the present study show that at the flow rate of 6.7 x 10⁻⁵ m³s⁻¹ there was a significant effect on the COD removal. At lower flow rates the magnetic field had more time to act on the microorganisms which in-turn increased the COD removal rate. However at flow rates 3.3 x 10⁻⁴ to 1.2 x 10⁻⁴ m³s⁻¹ the effect of the applied magnetic field on the COD removal decreased slightly.

scholarly journals Improving Biological Treatment of Real Bilge Wastewater With Zero Valent Iron and Activated Charcoal Addition

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aikaterini A. Mazioti ◽  
Gregoris Notarides ◽  
Giannis Symeou ◽  
Ioannis Vyrides
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Activated Charcoal ◽  
Biological Treatment ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Granular Sludge ◽  
Cod Removal ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge ◽  
Biological Degradation ◽  
Short Contact Time ◽  
Aerobic And Anaerobic

From the ships engine rooms a recalcitrant wastewater is produced called “bilge” which contains oil, metal working fluids, surfactants, and salinity. This study investigated the treatment of real bilge wastewater in short experiments using the following processes: (i) anaerobic digestion with granular sludge and ZVI addition for enhancement of methane production, (ii) activated charcoal addition to biological treatment (aerobic and anaerobic) for Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) significant reduction and (iii) combination of ZVI and anaerobic charcoal addition for high performance treatment. The addition of ZVI in anaerobic sludge resulted in higher performance mostly in cumulative CH4 production. The microbial profile of anaerobic granular sludge exposed to ZVI was determined and Acetobacterium and Arcobacter were the most dominant bacteria genera. Activated charcoal achieved higher COD removal, compared to biological degradation (aerobic and anaerobic). The combination of the two mechanisms, activated charcoal and biomass, had higher COD removal only for aerobic biomass. The combination of ZVI and activated charcoal to anaerobic digestion resulted in higher CH4 production and significant COD removal in short contact time.

Suitability of ozone pre-treatment for amoxicillin wastewater

2013 ◽  
Vol 68 (11) ◽  
pp. 2492-2496 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Lefebvre ◽  
X. Shi ◽  
J. G. Tein ◽  
H. Y. Ng
Keyword(s):  
Biochemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Biological Treatment ◽  
Sequencing Batch Reactor ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Biological Degradation ◽  
Reactor Performance ◽  
Pharmaceutical Wastewater ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
By Products

This study deals with the ozonation of amoxicillin in real pharmaceutical wastewater and its efficacy as a pre-treatment, prior to biological degradation by a mixed culture of bacteria in a sequencing batch reactor (SBR). An ozone utilization of 0.27 g/g-COD (chemical oxygen demand) lowered the pH of the wastewater to 6.6, reduced the specific ultraviolet absorption by 43% and increased the biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) concentration by 37%. The BOD:COD ratio became equal to 0.89, making the ozonated wastewater seemingly suitable for biological treatment; however, when the ozonated effluent was fed to the SBR, the reactor performance degraded, an effect which was attributed to ozonation by-products. In conclusion, ozonation might not be a suitable pre-treatment for pharmaceutical wastewater containing amoxicillin, and biotreatment with properly acclimated biomass may be a better option for treatment of such pharmaceutical wastewater.

scholarly journals Characteristics, treatment techniques, and operational limitations for refinery wastewater: Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-30
Author(s):  
Qarani Shuokr ◽  
Mohammed Sazan
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Biological Treatment ◽  
Treatment Process ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Refinery Wastewater ◽  
Oil And Grease ◽  
Cooling Systems ◽  
Treatment Techniques ◽  
Treatment Technologies ◽  
Wastewater Samples

Large quantities of wastewater generate from refineries in the process of crude oil usage, distillation, and cooling systems. The wastewater samples need to be treated before disposing into the environment. Disposal of the untreated refinery wastewater causes problems for the water sources and environment. The aim of this work was to study the characteristics, treatment techniques, and limitations of refinery wastewater treatment. A number of tables were prepared to summarize and review wastewater characteristics, treatment process, and the operational limitations. Results revealed that values of some parameters such as biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), phenols, oil and grease, and total suspended solids (TSS) were 40.25 mg/L to 8,000 mg/L, 80 mg/L to 21,000 mg/L, 3.5 mg/L to 128 mg/L, 12.7 mg/L to 50,000 mg/L, and 22.8 to 2,580 mg/L, respectively. Numerous treatment technologies were used for the treatment of refinery wastewater. Treatment techniques have benefits, weaknesses, and operational limitations. Most amount of the TSS, oil and grease, organic materials are eliminated in the primary and secondary treatment units. Tertiary/Advanced treatment units are necessary for removal of the remaining portions of the contaminants, heavy metals, nitrogen compounds, and phosphorus. Combination of physical, chemical and biological treatment techniques increase removal efficiency of the contaminants.

scholarly journals Determination of inert Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) fractions of Cumhuriyet University wastewater

2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-36
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Batch Reactors ◽  
Biological Degradation ◽  
University Campus ◽  
Activated Sludge System ◽  
Wastewater Samples

Some amounts of inert products are given into environment due to biological degradation of substrate in activated sludge system. The effluent of biological wastewater treatment consists of inert substrate in influent flow, soluble microbial products and non degradable or slowly degradable organic products. Soluble inert COD (SI) must be determined for discharge standards since it did not give any reaction in activated sludge system and was given with wastewater discharge. However particular inert COD (XI) accumulated in system depending on sludge retention time due to it is only wasted from system by wasted sludge. This study focused on inert fractions of Cumhuriyet University campus wastewater which consists of domestic, hospital and laboratory wastewaters. Experimental method was used suggested by Orhon et al. and modified by Germirli et al. in order to determine directly influent particulate and soluble inert fractions. According to the experimental procedure three aerobic batch reactors, two with the wastewater and the third with glucose were run parallel. In the reactors, the change in the soluble COD profiles is observed for a period during which all degradable COD is entirely depleted, in other words, the COD profiles reach a plateau and remain unchanged. Wastewater samples were taken equalization tank in wastewater treatment plant. The conventional parameters of campus wastewater characterization were as follows: Total COD (CT0) = 372 mg l-1, total soluble COD (STO) = 124 mg l-1, total suspended solids (TSS) =177 mg l-1, ammonia (NH3) = 31.2 mg l-1, ortho-phosphate (PO4-P) = 11.3 mg l-1 and pH=7,4 . In this study, in order to determine inert COD fractions in Cumhuriyet University campus wastewater, three aerobic batch reactor systems were used. At the end of approximately 381 h operation, COD composition of campus wastewater were found to be CT0=372 mg l-1, XS0=56 mg l-1, SS0=104 mg l-1, CS0=149 mg l-1, SI=12 mg l-1, XI=211 mg l-1, respectively.

Decolorization and biodegradability of dyeing wastewater treated by a TiO2-sensitized photo-oxidation process

1996 ◽  
Vol 34 (9) ◽  
pp. 49-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Li X. ◽  
Zhang M.
Keyword(s):  
Biological Treatment ◽  
Oxidation Process ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Dyeing Wastewater ◽  
Colour Removal ◽  
Photo Oxidation ◽  
Treatment Processes ◽  
Dyeing Effluent ◽  
Wastewater Samples ◽  
Biological Treatment Process

Colour substances in dyeing effluents normally cause certain difficulties in traditional biological treatment processes due to their nonbiodegradable nature. It is necessary to remove colour from dyeing effluents with the help of some physical or chemical treatment processes. This study aims to investigate the colour removal from dyeing wastewater using a TiO2-sensitized photo-oxidation process and the biodegradability of the products formed in the wastewater. Synthetic dyeing wastewater samples were exposed to near UV radiation at a wavelength of 350 nm in the presence of TiO2 and aeration. The results show that most dyes used in the experiment can be degraded by the sensitized photo-oxidation successfully. Colour removal from the wastewater was above 95% after 4-6 hours treatment. It was found that there was a relationship between the chemical oxygen demand (COD), total organic carbon (TOC) and biochemical oxygen demand (BOD). While COD and TOC in the wastewater were decreased during the reaction, BOD was found to be increased, which implies that the TiO2-sensitized photo-oxidation can enhance the biodegradability of the dyeing wastewater. As a process, it might be an effective method to remove colour and to further remove COD after treating dyeing effluent by a conventional biological treatment process.

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