scholarly journals Redesigning Clinical Pathway of Elective Caesarean Section Using Activity-Based-Costing Reduce Exposure to COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-90
Author(s):  
Lidia Asjanti ◽  
Nikma Fitriasari ◽  
Ali Djamhuri
Keyword(s):  
Cost Analysis ◽  
Clinical Assessment ◽  
Clinical Pathway ◽  
Organic Waste ◽  
Waste Treatment ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Service Process ◽  
Activity Based Costing ◽  
Abc Method ◽  
Organic Waste Treatment

This research objective is to discover non-value-added activities in the elective cesarean section (CS) clinical pathway (CP) through cost analysis using the ABC method and redesign elective CS CP at W Hospital. Activity-Based Costing (ABC) is an accounting system designed through activity management. The ABC system identifies all functions in the service process chain, calculates the activity costs, and assigns costs to cost objects, such as activity-based service products. This calculation method emphasizes the service process. The ABC method is seen as a unit cost calculation system that is suitable for hospitals. CP costing using the ABC method is a cost analysis using CP as the basis for service activities. The CP of Elective CS consists of various activities. This study used a case study approach. The eight informants were the head of finance, the head of medical services and support, one ob-gyn specialists, one anesthetist specialists, one outpatient installation nurse, one midwife, one inpatient installation midwives, and one nutritionist. The COVID-19 changed the procedures and influenced the activities of CS CP. The analyses were conducted using the ABC method and data triangulation. Non-value-added activities found were clinical assessment in the emergency room (ER), laboratory activities, and organic waste treatment. Non-value-added found in clinical assessment in the ER, laboratory examinations, and organic waste treatment. CP CS redesign consists of activities of admission, pre-operation, and post-operation, surgery, pharmacy, nutrition, medical records, laundry, billing, logistics, and management administration. The researchers suggest that W hospital should redesign elective CS CP activities to eliminate non-value-added activities.

scholarly journals COMMUNITY-BASED ORGANIC WASTE PROCESSING USING BSF MAGGOT BIOCONVERSION

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-90
Author(s):  
Mohamad Satori ◽  
Ivan Chofyan ◽  
Yuliadi Yuliadi ◽  
Otong Rukmana ◽  
Ira Ayu Wulandari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Waste ◽  
Waste Treatment ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Boarding School ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Community Based ◽  
The People ◽  
Organic Waste Treatment

Organic waste is the largest composition of waste generated by the people of Indonesia, which is around 50-60%. This type of waste, especially food waste, is easy to smell if it is stored for too long so that it has the potential to pollute the environment. On the other hand, organic waste has good nutrients that can be generated, including through BSF (Black Soldier Fly) maggot bioconversion treatment. The BSF maggot bioconversion method is a method of processing organic waste which is carried out by converting organic matter into other products that are useful and have added value by utilizing biological processes from microorganisms and enzymes. Organic waste treatment with this method is generally carried out on a community-based basis and is integrated with the development of agriculture, fisheries and animal husbandry, because maggot cultivation produces commodities of economic value such as compost and maggot larvae. Compost contains very good nutrients so that it can be used for organic farming and maggot contains high protein that can be used for animal feed and fisheries. The implementation of this program was piloted in the boarding school community, namely the Az-Zakaria Islamic Boarding School which is managed by the Az-Zakaria Islamic Education Foundation (YPI) in Sindangbarang Village, Jalaksana District, Kuningan Regency. The result of this implementation is the formation of a new group of entrepreneurs engaged in the cultivation and utilization of BSF maggots.

scholarly journals Methods for Bioaerosol Characterization: Limits and Perspectives for Human Health Risk Assessment in Organic Waste Treatment

Atmosphere ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 452 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Franchitti ◽  
Erica Pascale ◽  
Elisabetta Fea ◽  
Elisa Anedda ◽  
Deborah Traversi
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Organic Waste ◽  
Waste Treatment ◽  
Human Health Risk ◽  
Disease Onset ◽  
Exposure Limits ◽  
Cultural Methods ◽  
Organic Waste Treatment ◽  
Treatment Complexity ◽  
Risk Assessment And Management

Bioaerosol characterization represents a major challenge for the risk assessment and management of exposed people. One of the most important bioaerosol sources is the organic waste collection and treatment. This work analyzed and discussed the literature with the purpose of investigating the main techniques used nowadays for bioaerosol monitoring during organic waste treatment. The discussion includes an overview on the most efficient sampling, DNA extraction, and analysis methods, including both the cultural and the bio-molecular approach. Generally, an exhaustive biological risk assessment is not applied due to the organic waste heterogeneity, treatment complexity, and unknown aerosolized emission rate. However, the application of bio-molecular methods allows a better bioaerosol characterization, and it is desirable to be associated with standardized cultural methods. Risk assessment for organic waste workers generally includes the evaluation of the potential exposition to pathogens and opportunistic pathogens or to other microorganisms as biomarkers. In most cases, Saccharopolyspora rectivirgula, Legionella spp., Aspergillus spp., and Mycobacterium spp. are included. Future perspectives are focused on identifying common composting biomarkers, on investigating the causality process between chronic bioaerosol exposure and disease onset, and finally, on defining common exposure limits.

Solar composting greenhouse for organic waste treatment in fed-batch mode: Physicochemical and microbiological dynamics

2020 ◽  
Vol 113 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Lin ◽  
Jing Ye ◽  
Wanchun Sun ◽  
Qiaogang Yu ◽  
Qiang Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Waste ◽  
Waste Treatment ◽  
Fed Batch ◽  
Batch Mode ◽  
Organic Waste Treatment

scholarly journals Potential of Producing Compost from Source-Separated Municipal Organic Waste (A Case Study in Shiraz, Iran)

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (22) ◽  
pp. 9704
Author(s):  
Haniyeh Jalalipour ◽  
Neematollah Jaafarzadeh ◽  
Gert Morscheck ◽  
Satyanarayana Narra ◽  
Michael Nelles
Keyword(s):  
Solid Waste ◽  
Organic Waste ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Waste Treatment ◽  
Solid Waste Management ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Daily Basis ◽  
Plant Residues ◽  
Organic Waste Treatment

Developing countries face serious environmental, social and economic challenges in managing different types of organic waste. Proper treatment strategies should be adopted by solid waste management systems in order to address these concerns. Among all of the treatment options for organic waste, composting is the most approved method as an effective strategy to divert solid waste from landfills. This experimental research aimed to examine the potential of producing compost from source-separated municipal organic waste in Shiraz, Iran. Market waste (fruits and vegetables) and garden waste (plant residues) were used as the raw input materials. They were subjected to the windrow pile composting method in an open site area. The process was monitored against several physical, chemical and biological parameters. In-situ measurements (temperature and moisture content) were carried out on a daily basis. Sampling and lab analyses were conducted over the period of the biological treatment. The final product was of acceptable moisture and nutrient levels, pH, Electrical Conductivity (EC), and Carbon/Nitrogen ratio. All of the analyzed compost samples had lower concentrations of heavy metals than the Iranian and German standards. Overall, the results obtained revealed that composting is a promising method for municipal organic waste treatment. The findings also imply the effectiveness of the source-separation collection method in the production of high-quality compost.

On site domestic organic waste treatment through vermitechnology using indigenous earthworm species

2011 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 266-275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ankur Rajpal ◽  
Renu Bhargava ◽  
Salin Kumar Sasi ◽  
AK Chopra
Keyword(s):  
Organic Waste ◽  
Waste Treatment ◽  
Earthworm Species ◽  
Organic Waste Treatment

scholarly journals EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION OF BIODEGRADATION PROCESSES IN FOOD WASTE

2005 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 167-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pranas Baltrenas ◽  
Audrone Jankaite ◽  
Ervinas Raistenskis
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Investigation ◽  
Organic Waste ◽  
Waste Treatment ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Harmful Effect ◽  
Temperature Changes ◽  
The World ◽  
Treatment Technologies ◽  
Inorganic Waste ◽  
Organic Waste Treatment

Millions of tons of different organic waste form in the world every year, but only a little part of waste is suitable for biogas production, while its rest part can't be used for biogas production because of different reasons and is utilized using other methods or deposited in landfills. Organic waste, produced in our country, is mixed very often with different kinds of municipal or industrial waste. For a successful use of anaerobic organic waste treatment technologies, a maximal decrease of its harmful effect on the environment, and reaching of a maximum economic efficiency, it is necessary to sort organic waste (or better, not to mix it with other inorganic waste from the very start). Experimental investigation with fruit, vegetable and meat waste are presented in the paper. The aim of the investigation was to observe the concentrations of released methane and oxygen gases as well as to measure temperature changes.

scholarly journals Pengolahan Limbah Cair Pembuatan Minuman Ringan Dengan Reaktor Semiaerobik, TCPS, Reaktor Anaerobic Dua Tahap

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hasti Suprihatin
Keyword(s):  
Organic Waste ◽  
Waste Treatment ◽  
Soft Drink ◽  
Threshold Value ◽  
Anaerobic Treatment ◽  
First Year ◽  
Anaerobic Process ◽  
Aerobic Process ◽  
Organic Waste Treatment ◽  
Two Stages

The existing soft drink factory can produce liquid organic waste with a COD content starts from 6,000 mg/l to 15,000 mg/l with a discharge by 10 m3/day to 100 m3/day. The objective of the research is to obtain organic waste processing equipment that produces processing that meets the threshold value. The research outcomes are as a reference for the industry that requires a representative organic waste treatment unit.The research is divided into two stages in two years. The first year of the research is semi-aerobic and anaerobic process, then for second year is aerobic process research, semi-aerobic process, anaerobic process and aerobic process. The 12 hours HRT process at the first run resulted in a COD concentration of 12,000 mg/l to 8,765 mg/l directly entering an anaerobic I and out 4,640 mg/l and entering anaerobic II reactor and exiting with COD 1,380 mg/l. Decrease percentage of total COD (12,000 – 1,380) x 100 /12,000 = 88.5%. The 18 hours HRT process at the first run resulted in a COD concentration by 12,000 mg/l to 8,665 mg/l entering the anaerobic reactor I and out 4,125 mg/l and entering the anaerobic II and out with COD 965 mg/l. Decrease in total COD (12,000 - 965) x 100 / 12,000 = 91.95%.From the experimental stage of semi-aerobic step-screening-anaerobic treatment of two-stage liquid liquor soft drink obtained COD concentration of 12,000 mg/l can be reduced concentration to the threshold specified with removal of 88.5% - 91.95%.

scholarly journals Fuel Cells for Power Generation and Organic Waste Treatment on the Island of Mull

2005 ◽  
Vol 1 (03) ◽  
pp. 182-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Duerr ◽  
◽  
S. Gair ◽  
A. Cruden ◽  
J. McDonald ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Organic Waste ◽  
Waste Treatment ◽  
Organic Waste Treatment
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