scholarly journals Total Phenolic and Flavonoid Content, Antioxidant, and Toxicity Test with BSLT of Meistera chinensis Fruit Fraction from Southeast Sulawesi

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-15
Author(s):  
Musdalipah Musdalipah ◽  
Selfyana Austin Tee ◽  
Karmilah Karmilah ◽  
Sahidin Sahidin ◽  
Adryan Fristiohady ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Toxicity Test ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Flavonoid Content ◽  
Strong Activity ◽  
Local Plant ◽  
Chemical Content ◽  
Vacuum Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Phenolic And Flavonoid

Meistera chinensis is one of the new generations of the Zingiberaceae family. Zingiberaceae have a large number of species and still need research to reveal their chemical content. Meistera chinensis, a local plant that is widespread in Konawe Regency, Southeast Sulawesi. Empirically, M. chinensis is used as a flavor enhancer in food, aches, and increases body immunity. There are no reports of chemical content or its biological activity. In this study, the fruit was tested for phytochemicals, antioxidants using the ABTS test, total phenolic, total flavonoid content, and toxicity test with BSLT. Meistera chinensis was extracted with ethanol and fractionated by ethyl acetate solvent use vacuum liquid chromatography. Phytochemical screening was carried out qualitatively by using the calorimetric method. The fraction toxicity was monitored by a lethal test for brine shrimp (BSLT). These fractions for the ABTS method obtained fractions 1-8 (F1-F8) and ascorbic acid were used as controls. The results showed radical scavenging activities fraction of M. chinensis fruit was a very strong activity with IC50 of 42.7±3.53 mg/L (F8). The total phenolic and flavonoid contents were 30.72±1.07 mgGAE/g and 8.02±0.48 mgQE/g, respectively. The phytochemical evaluation contains terpenoids, saponins, phenolics, steroids, alkaloids, and flavonoids. The BSLT toxicity test was found to be very toxic with IC50 of 5.20±0.72 mg/L. These findings indicate that the fruit of M. chinensis acts as an antioxidant and toxicity agent.

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF ANTIOXIDANT POTENTIAL AND QUANTITATIVE ESTIMATION OF PHENOLIC AND FLAVONOID CONTENT IN SOME SELECTED NEPALESE MEDICINAL PLANTS

2019 ◽  
pp. 124-128
Author(s):  
RUPAK KHAREL ◽  
KHAGA RAJ SHARMA
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Antioxidant Potential ◽  
Melia Azedarach ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Flavonoid Content ◽  
Methanolic Extracts ◽  
Ic50 Value ◽  
Phenolic And Flavonoid

Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate the antioxidant potential, determination of total phenolic and flavonoid content in nine selected medicinal plants Spondias pinnata, Melia azedarach, Ageratina adenophora, Urtica dioica, Curcuma longa, Bauhinia variegata, Elaeocarpus angustifolius Blume, Achyranthes aspera, and Psidium guajava from Kavre district of Nepal using in vitro studies. Methods: Methanolic plant extracts were prepared by cold percolation method. The methanol extract of nine medicinal plants collected from Kavre district of Nepal, was screened for assessing bioactive phytoconstituents followed by antioxidant property, total phenolic, and flavonoid content. Different plants collected were powdered and extracted with methanol, concentrated by a rotatory evaporator and analyzed for the presence of phytochemicals. The antioxidant potential of the plant extracts was evaluated by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assay. Results: The phytochemical analysis of methanolic extracts of all nine medicinal plants displayed the presence of various secondary metabolites such as alkaloids, flavonoids, polyphenols, saponins, and quinones. The extract of S. pinnata showed the highest percentage of radical scavenging activity up to 87.94±1.88 with 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) 17.51±1.27 μg/mL, followed by B. variegata, 80.63±1.06 with IC50 value 26.55±2.61 μg/mL. The standard, ascorbic acid has IC50 value of 20.13±1.17 μg/mL. Further, the ethyl acetate fraction of S. pinnata showed the maximum percentage of radical scavenging (85.92±1.37) with IC50 value of 46.95±1.17 μg/mL. Moreover, S. pinnata displayed the highest total phenolic content (TPC) 48.26±1.23 mg GAE/g (milligram gallic acid equivalent per gram) extract while the highest flavonoid content was displayed by Melia azedarach 41.07±1.53 mg QE/g (milligram quercetin equivalent per gram) extract measured by the Folin–Ciocalteu reagent method and aluminum chloride colorimetric method. Conclusions: The preliminary results of this study have put forward the extract of S. pinnata showed the highest percentage of radical scavenging activity and S. pinnata displayed the highest TPC while the highest flavonoid content was displayed by Melia azedarach methanolic extracts although the further studies are needed to assess its mechanism of action.

scholarly journals Comparative study of the antioxidant properties of silymarin and milk thistle extracts

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
V. Ivanov ◽  
M. Pavlova
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Milk Thistle ◽  
Flavonoid Content ◽  
Silybum Marianum ◽  
Dpph Method ◽  
Phenolic And Flavonoid

Purpose: Milk thistle (Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn) has been used for centuries as a natural remedy for liver and gall bladder / biliary tract diseases. Silymarin is the purified and standardized extract from milk thistle seeds. The purpose of the present study is to present a comparative analysis of the total phenolic substances content and the antioxidant effect of silymarin and three different types of Silybum marianum extracts (i.e. ethanol extract, water extract and lyophilized extract). Methods: Total phenolic and flavonoid content of extracts was analysed and the antioxidant activity was assessed by determining their free radical scavenging ability by DPPH method. Results: Total phenolic content is the highest in silymarin– 134.12±3.22 mg GAE/g, followed by lyophilized water extract – 51.74±2.10 mg GAE/g. Silymarin has also been found to have the highest antioxidant activity among all extract samples (338.03 VCEAC µmol /g), followed by S.marianum lyophilised extract (123.05 VCEAC µmol/g). Conclusions: A strong correlation between total phenolic and flavonoid content in the extracts and their antioxidant activity has been found.

PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING, TOTAL PHENOLIC AND TOTAL FLAVONOID CONTENT, AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF DIFFERENT PARTS OF Melastoma malabathricum

2015 ◽  
Vol 77 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Suleiman Danladi ◽  
Amirah Wan-Azemin ◽  
Yahaya Najib Sani ◽  
Khamsah Suryati Mohd ◽  
Mahadeva Rao US ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Total Flavonoid ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Flavonoid Content ◽  
Phenolic Contents ◽  
Melastoma Malabathricum ◽  
Different Parts

Melastoma malabathricum Linn. commonly known as ‘senduduk’ in Malaysia, belongs to Melastomataceae family. The study was carried out to screen the phytochemicals present in methanol extract of leaf, flower, fruit, and stem and to evaluate the antioxidant activity, total flavonoid and total phenolic contents of these different parts. Phytochemical screening showed that all parts of this plant contained tannins, steroids, phenols and flavonoids. The flower extract was found to have highest total phenolic whereas the leaf demonstrated the highest flavonoid content followed by flower. The results of antioxidant activity from the DPPH assay showed that the flower has the highest radical scavenging activity comparable to quercetin standard while stem showed the lowest activity. The higher content of total phenolics, flavonoids and antioxidant capacity of flower suggests the possibility of its incorporation and exclusion of stem in M. malabathricum preparations for development of newer effective drugs.

scholarly journals ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITIES AND TOTAL PHENOLIC AND FLAVONOID CONTENT VARIATIONS OF LEAF EXTRACTS OF LAURUS NOBILIS L. FROM MOROCCO

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 540 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amal Taroq ◽  
Fatima El Kamari ◽  
Imane Aouam ◽  
Yassine El Atki ◽  
Badiaa Lyoussi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Flavonoid Content ◽  
Laurus Nobilis ◽  
Dry Extract ◽  
Water Extracts ◽  
Phenolic And Flavonoid

Objective: The present study was undertaken to determine antioxidant activity and total phenolic and flavonoid content of ethanol, methanol, ethyl acetate, and aqueous extracts of the leaves of Laurus nobilis L.Methods: Antioxidant properties were measured using three tests: Free radical scavenging activity against 2,2-diphenyl picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), reduction of molybdate, and reducing (Fe3+/Fe2+) power. Total phenolic and flavonoid content was measured by Folin–Ciocalteu and rutin reagent, respectively.Results: The results showed that both the ethanol and water extracts had greater antioxidant activity than ethyl acetate. Aqueous extract exhibited a higher DPPH radical scavenging and reducing molybdate 545.83±5.89 mg equivalent to ascorbic acid/g dry extract. The strong antioxidant activity of water extract was probably due to its high content of phenols. Furthermore, ethanol and water extracts showed higher total flavonoid content with the values: 153.33±3.59 and 127.25±2.60 mg equivalent rutin/g dry extract, respectively.Conclusion: Our results suggested a potent and excellent antioxidant activity of L. nobilis L. extracts of Morocco. Further research has to be done to isolate the pure bioactive compound and could be considered as a potential source of biomolecules for pharmaceutical and food industry.

scholarly journals Assessment of Total Phenolic, Flavonoid Content and Antioxidant Activity of Ocimum sanctum Linn

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 30-35
Author(s):  
Ishwor Pathak ◽  
Muna Niraula
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Colorimetric Method ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Hexane Extract ◽  
Ocimum Sanctum ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Flavonoid Content ◽  
Ic50 Value ◽  
Phenolic And Flavonoid

Ocimum sanctum, commonly known as Tulasi in Nepal, is a pharmacologically important plant due to its active constituents. In this work, extraction was carried out in hexane, chloroform and methanol solvents and their phytochemical screening was performed. Total phenolic and flavonoid contents in the plant were measured by Folin-Ciocalteu colorimetric method and aluminum chloride colorimetric method respectively. Antioxidant activity of the extracts was evaluated using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assay. Alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, glycosides, polyphenols, terpenoids, tannins and steroids are mainly found in the extracts. Based on the result obtained, the plant posses a significant amount of total phenolic and total flavonoid content. Both phenolic and flavonoid contents were highest in methanol extract, followed by chloroform and hexane extract. Antioxidant activity of the extracts as ascorbic acid standard (IC50 value = 41.34 µg/mL) was in the order of methanol extract (IC50 value = 47.73 µg/mL) > chloroform extract (IC50 value = 79.46 µg/mL) > hexane extract (IC50 value = 94.68 µg/mL). The extent of the antioxidant activity of the plant is following the number of total phenolics and flavonoids present in it.

scholarly journals Korelasi Antara Kadar Total Flavonoid dan Fenolik dari Ekstrak dan Fraksi Daun Jati Putih (Gmelina Arborea Roxb.) Terhadap Aktivitas Antioksidan

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-42
Author(s):  
Syamsu Nur ◽  
Fitriyanti Jumaetri Sami ◽  
Akbar Awaluddin ◽  
Mutiara Indah Ayu Afsari
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Colorimetric Method ◽  
Total Flavonoid ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Gmelina Arborea ◽  
Flavonoid Content ◽  
Coefficient Corrélation ◽  
Phenolic And Flavonoid

This experiment aims to determine the correlation of total phenolic and flavonoid content of jati putih leaves fraction (Gmelina arborea Roxb.) towards Antioxidant activity .  Sample was extracted by maceration method using ethanol 70% to obtain the ethanol extract (EE), followed by liquid-liquid extraction method to obtain fraction of ethyl acetate (EA) and n-Hexane (EH). The phytochemical screening  and determination of total phenolic and flavonoid content were done by colorimetric method. Antioxidant activity were done by DPPH, FRAP and ABTS methods. Phytochemical screening showed positive results for flavonoids, phenolic and saponins.  The largest total phenolic content was found on EA (11,59 µg/ml ± 0,3 %b/b EAG) and the largest total flavonoid content was on EA (3,88 µg/ml ± 0,02 %b/b EK). The total phenolic and flavonoid content of Jati putih leaves has a correlation with antioxidant activity. The coefficient correlation of activity on reducingDPPH radical was 56,7% (total of phenolic content) and 57,8% (total of flavonoid content) and on iron reduction power in FRAP method  was 99,9% (total of phenolics and flavonoids content). The relationship with the activity in reducing radical ABTS obtained coefficient correlation of 57,0% and 58,1% for total phenolic and flavonoids contents, respectively.

scholarly journals TOTAL PHENOLIC AND FLAVONOID CONTENT, FREE RADICAL SCAVENGING ACTIVITY AND TYROSINASE INHIBITION OF CORN COB (ZEA MAYS) EXTRACT

2021 ◽  
pp. 99-102
Author(s):  
INDRI KUSUMA DEWI ◽  
SUHENDRIYO ◽  
INDARTO ◽  
SUWIJIYO PRAMONO ◽  
ABDUL ROHMAN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Zea Mays ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Free Radical Scavenging ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Corn Cob ◽  
Tyrosinase Inhibition ◽  
Flavonoid Content ◽  
Phenolic And Flavonoid

Objective: Corn cob is a part of plant Zea mays that have a phenolic and flavonoid compounds. This research aims to evaluate total phenolic and flavonoid content, free radical scavenging activity and tyrosinase inhibiton of corn cob (Zea mays) extract. Methods: Corn cob were determined in Poltekkes Kemenkes Surakarta. Meanwhile, corn cob were extracted using maceration method applying 70% ethanol solvent. This extract were analyzed through the total fenolic and flavonoids content tests apply spectrofotometric UV Vis, antioxidant activity using radical scavenging test 2,2-difenill-1-pikrilhidrazil (DPPH) and tyrosinase inhibition test applying in vitro tyrosinase enzyme inhibition. Results: Total phenolic content of the corn cob extract were 1.76 %b/b EAG, while the total of flavonoids content were 0.42%b/b EK. The antioxidant activity using DPPH method test of corn cob extract were values IC50 38.57 µg/ml. Tyrosinase inhibition of corn cob extract were values IC50 919.78µg/ml. Conclusion: Corn cob extract had antioxidant activity and tyrosinase inhibition.

Development and Validation of Chromatographic Method for the Standardization of Homeopathic Formulation of Syzygium Cumini

Homeopathy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rashmi Mishra ◽  
Nandakishor Kotagale ◽  
Milind Umekar ◽  
Rajesh Sahu ◽  
Amit Maliye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ellagic Acid ◽  
Chromatographic Method ◽  
Quantitative Estimation ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Array Detector ◽  
Syzygium Cumini ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Flavonoid Content ◽  
Phenolic And Flavonoid ◽  
House Standard

Abstract Background Syzygium cumini (Lam.), family Myrtaceae, has a long history of use in folk and traditional systems of indigenous medicine. Many homeopathic formulations of Jamun seeds are available in the market for their crucial usage as an anti-diabetic. Despite the popularity of homeopathic products, a lack of standard quality is a significant impediment in their acceptance. The present study aimed to develop and validate a chromatographic method for the standardization of the homeopathic formulation of Syzygium cumini. Methods The seeds of Syzygium cumini were studied for physicochemical evaluation and preliminary phytochemical screening. Also, the in-house standard and marketed homeopathic formulations of Syzigium cumini were standardized for pH, total fatty content, total phenolic and flavonoid content, with quantitative high-performance liquid chromatography- photodiode array detector (HPLC-PDA) analysis by using ellagic acid as a marker. Results The physicochemical characteristics of crude material were found to be within pharmacopeial limits. The phytochemical screening showed the presence of various secondary metabolites. The total phenolic and flavonoid content was higher in the in-house standard than in marketed formulations. A validated quantitative HPLC-PDA analysis showed variations of ellagic acid content in different homeopathic formulations. Conclusion Physicochemical analysis and the HPLC method for quantitative estimation of ellagic acid can be used to standardize a homeopathic formulation of Syzygium cumini.

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