Health Care Problems and Ensuring Sustainable Development among Employees

2020 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomasz Rostkowski
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Healthcare System ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Scientific Information ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Care Problems ◽  
Diverse Data ◽  
Medical Healthcare

The article offers a synthetic presentation of the results of analyses of diverse data resources and other scientific information concerning the healthcare in Poland. These studies were conducted in order to put forward positive changes that are not only to prevent the fall of the system, which is highly probable, but also to improve the availability of medical services and increase their quality. These studies are of major importance because the availability of medical (healthcare) services is largely determined by whether it is possible to implement the idea of sustainable development among employees, which indirectly determines the possibility of implementing sustainable development principles incorporated into legal circulation under one of the first articles of the Constitution of the Republic of Poland. The concept of sustainable development is not only one of the important reasons which call for modernisation of the functioning of the healthcare system, but also an idea which, once applied, may be helpful in solving healthcare problems. Considering the fact that the largest problem of this system in Poland lies in the shortage of employees, it becomes clear that by trying to ensure sustainable development of employees working in other industries, first, it is necessary to take care of their health, which must lead through sustainable development of healthcare workers. The aim of the article is to present the comprehensive nature of the idea of sustainable development of employees, the role of health protection in achieving a balance by employees, and to show the way to build integrated programmes to maintain the health of employees and their families against the background of the limitations of the Polish healthcare system.

scholarly journals To Volunteer or Not? Perspectives towards Pre-Registered Nursing Students Volunteering Frontline during COVID-19 Pandemic to Ease Healthcare Workforce: A Qualitative Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. 6668
Author(s):  
Betsy Seah ◽  
Ben Ho ◽  
Sok Ying Liaw ◽  
Emily Neo Kim Ang ◽  
Siew Tiang Lau
Keyword(s):  
Nursing Students ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Professional Identity ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Strategic Partnerships ◽  
Healthcare Workforce ◽  
Student Volunteer ◽  
Operational Processes

COVID-19 has caused a shortage of healthcare workers and has strained healthcare systems globally. Pre-registered healthcare students with training have a duty of care and can support the healthcare workforce. This study explored factors influencing the willingness of final-year nursing students to volunteer during the COVID-19 pandemic, the role of professional identity in volunteering as healthcare workers, and strategies to improve future volunteering uptakes and processes. A qualitative study using focus-group discussions was conducted. Final-year nursing students who volunteered, students who did not volunteer, and lecturers who supervised student volunteers were recruited. Interviews were conducted online, video-recorded, and transcribed verbatim. A thematic analysis was used. The themes were “wavering thoughts on volunteering”, “bringing out ‘the nurse’ in students through volunteering” and “gearing up to volunteer”. Findings suggested the need to look beyond the simplicity of altruism to the role of professional identity, operational, and motivational factors to explain nursing students’ decision to volunteer and their volunteer behavior. Providing accommodation, monetary and academic-related incentives, supporting the transitionary phase from students to “professional volunteers”, promoting cohesive and positive staff–student volunteer relationships, and establishing a volunteer management team are strategies identified to improve volunteering uptake and operational processes. Our findings advocate strategic partnerships between hospitals/communities and academic institutions in providing various healthcare services during pandemics.

scholarly journals Prophylactic role of ivermectin in SARS-CoV-2 infection among healthcare workers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Priyamadhaba Behera ◽  
Binod Kumar Patro ◽  
Biswa Mohan Padhy ◽  
Prasanta Raghab Mohapatra ◽  
Shakti Kumar Bal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lower Risk ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Absolute Risk ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Absolute Risk Reduction ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Adjusted Relative Risk ◽  
Kaplan Meier

Abstract Background Healthcare workers (HCWs) are vulnerable to getting infected withSARS-CoV-2. Preventing HCWs from getting infected is a priority to maintain healthcare services. The therapeutic and preventive role of ivermectin in COVID-19 is being investigated. Based on promising results of in vitro studies of oral ivermectin, this study was conducted with the aim to demonstrate the prophylactic role of oral ivermectin in preventing SARS-CoV-2 infectionamong HCWs at All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Bhubaneswar.Methods A prospective cohort study was conducted at AIIMS Bhubaneswar, which provides both COVID and Non-COVID care since March 2020. All employees and students of the institute who provided written informed consent participated in the study.Uptake of two-doses of oral ivermectin (300 μg/kg at a gap of 72 hours) was considered as exposure. The primary outcome of the study was COVID-19 infection in the following month of ivermectin consumption diagnosed by RTPCR as per Government of India testing criteria guidelines.The log-binomial model was used to estimate adjusted relative risk, and the Kaplan-Meier failure plot was used to estimate the probability of COVID-19 infection with follow-up time.Results Of 3892 employees, 3532 (90.8%) participated in the study. The ivermectin uptake was 62.5% and 5.3% for two-doses and single-dose, respectively. Participants who took ivermectin prophylaxis had a lower risk of getting symptoms suggestive of SARS-CoV-2 infection(6% vs 15%). HCWs who had taken two-doses of oral ivermectin have a significantly lower risk of contracting COVID-19 disease during the following month (ARR 0.17; 95% CI, 0.12-0.23). Females had a lower risk of contracting COVID-19 than males (ARR 0.70 95% CI, 0.52-0.93). The absolute risk reduction of SARS-CoV-2 infection was 9.7%. Only 1.8% of the participants reported adverse events, which were mild and self-limiting.Conclusion and relevance Two-doses of oral ivermectin (300 μg/kg given 72 hours apart) as chemoprophylaxis among HCWs reduces the risk of COVID-19 infection by 83% in the following month. Safe, effective, and low-cost chemoprophylaxis have relevance in the containment of pandemic alongside vaccine.

scholarly journals Assessing the Impacts of Hierarchical Healthcare System on the Accessibility and Spatial Equality of Healthcare Services in Shenzhen, China

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 615
Author(s):  
Zhuolin Tao ◽  
Wenchao Han
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare System ◽  
Catchment Area ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Utilization Efficiency ◽  
Delivery Of Healthcare ◽  
Healthcare Accessibility ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Different Levels

The hierarchical healthcare system is widely considered to be a desirable mode of the delivery of healthcare services. It is expected that the establishment of a hierarchical healthcare system can help provide better and more equal healthcare accessibility. However, limited evidence has been provided on the impacts of a hierarchical healthcare system on healthcare accessibility. This study develops an improved Hierarchical two-step floating catchment area (2SFCA) method, which incorporates variable catchment area sizes, distance friction effects and utilization efficiency for facilities at different levels. Leveraging the Hierarchical 2SFCA method, various scenarios are set up to assess the accessibility impacts of a hierarchical healthcare system. The methods are applied in a case study of Shenzhen. The results reveal significant disparity and inequality in healthcare accessibility and also differences between various facility levels in Shenzhen. The overall healthcare accessibility and its equality can be significantly improved by fully utilizing existing facilities. It is also demonstrated that allocating additional supply to lower-level facilities can generate larger accessibility gains. Furthermore, allocating new supply to primary facilities would mitigate the inequality in healthcare accessibility, whereas inequality tends to be aggravated with new supply allocated to tertiary facilities. These impacts cannot be captured by traditional accessibility measures. This study demonstrates the pivotal role of primary facilities in the hierarchical healthcare system. It can contribute to the literature by providing transferable methods and procedures for measuring hierarchical healthcare accessibility and assessing accessibility impacts of a hierarchical healthcare system in developing countries.

scholarly journals Role of primary healthcare in the response to COVID-19: The Oman experience

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Badria Al Rashidi ◽  
Ahmed H. Al Wahaibi ◽  
Ozayr Mahomed ◽  
Sitwat Usman Langrial ◽  
Salah T. Al Awaidy
Keyword(s):  
Primary Healthcare ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Care Staff ◽  
Outpatient Services ◽  
Efficient Manner ◽  
Health Authorities ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Rehabilitative Services

Health authorities are focused on swiftly alleviating the spread of COVID-19 infections to support the overburdened healthcare system and reduce the mortality rates associated with the ongoing pandemic. Across Oman, there are 243 primary healthcare (PHC) clinics that act as the first point of contact for providing a comprehensive range of healthcare services. Further, they provide access to more than 30 programs that are delivered by well-trained primary care staff from different categories. PHCs adopted the strategy of providing healthcare services directly related to positive COVID-19 cases, preventing the likely spread of COVID-19 infection among healthcare workers, and reducing the spread of COVID-19 in the community. This review outlines four major challenges that were observed and informally reported by the healthcare workers at PHCs in Oman from January to December 2020. Understanding the nature of these challenges can help health authorities in preparing effectively for any future viral outbreaks and mitigating them in a timely and efficient manner. One of the major challenges faced by PHCs was the reduction in outpatient services from January to December 2020 in comparison with the same time period in the last year. PHCs addressed the main health problems in the community through health promotion, as well as preventive, curative, and rehabilitative services under unusual circumstances. However, there is a need for a modified approach during circumstances such as the COVID-19 pandemic. This will help us cope with possible future viral outbreaks in a better manner.

scholarly journals Opportunities and conditions of sustainable development of the agricultural industry of the Republic of Kazakhstan

2020 ◽  
pp. 78-83
Author(s):  
R. N. Zhangirova
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Index Method ◽  
Important Place ◽  
The Republic

The article shows aspects of sustainable agricultural development. It summarized modern views on the sustainable development of the agricultural sector. The problems of the agricultural sector of the republic are identified, the solution of which will contribute to the successful development of agricultural production. The necessity of increasing the efficiency of resource use is substantiated. An important place in the article is given to the role of state support for the agricultural sector. A comparative analysis of the yield of field cultivation from 1 ha of arable land and crops in the Republic of Kazakhstan is carried out. Using the index method, the influence of the structure of crops and crop productivity is calculated. According to statistical data, the current state of the agricultural sector of Kazakhstan is revealed. The reasons for low labor productivity in the agricultural sector of the republic are indicated. The role of science in the qualitative renewal of the country's agricultural sector is emphasized. Promising ways to stimulate the growth rate of agricultural production are proposed. The main directions of sustainable development of the agricultural sector of the Republic of Kazakhstan are determined. It is proved that organic agriculture can act as a point of sustainable agricultural growth.

scholarly journals Role of courts in interpreting local government's environmental powers in South Africa

2016 ◽  
pp. 17-35
Author(s):  
Oliver Fuo
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Local Government ◽  
Case Law ◽  
Environmental Rights ◽  
Environmental Objectives ◽  
Fundamental Transformation ◽  
The Republic

Local government in post-apartheid South Africa has undergone fundamental transformation. This is evident from its extensive governing powers and functions and its expanded developmental mandate. At the forefront of sustainable development, municipalities have legislative and executive powers to administer the matters listed in Schedules 4B and 5B of the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, 1996. Moreover, matters listed in Schedules 4A and 5A of the Constitution can be assigned to municipalities by national and provincial governments. Like other spheres of government, municipalities are obliged to contribute towards realising s 24 of the Constitution – guaranteeing environmental rights. However, the exact contours of their powers in promoting the objectives of s 24 of the Constitution are ill-defined and subject to ongoing definition by way of legislation, policies and case-law. This article argues that environmental litigation presents courts an opportunity to further redefine the powers of municipalities in fostering constitutional environmental objectives in South Africa. Drawing from Le Sueur and Another v eThekwini Municipality and Others [2013] ZAKZPHC 6 (30 January 2013), this article demonstrates how courts can play an important role in clarifying the environmental powers and functions of municipalities in South Africa. This article is based on a review of legal and extra-legal sources.

Contraceptive behavior in women in the Republic of Kalmykia

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 79-84
Author(s):  
Vadim K Iur’ev ◽  
Anatolij G Serdjukov ◽  
Ceren M Tebleev ◽  
Viktor G Puzyrev
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Young People ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Intrauterine Device ◽  
The Self ◽  
Sexual Life ◽  
Sexually Active ◽  
Barrier Methods ◽  
The Republic

Contraception is the important component of family planning. It plays the important role in fighting with abortion and preserving the reproductive health of women. The specially designed anonymous survey was performed in 375 women living in the Republic of Kalmykia in the age from 16 till 45 years old. The average age of beginning of sexual life was estimated as 18,6 ± 0,1 years at the examined group. The average age decreased from 19,3 ± 0,3 to 17,0 ± 0,2 during the last 10 years. Almost the half of respondent (45,9 %) started the sexual life before the marriage. Kalmyk women started the sexual life later than Russian and entered the premarital relationship rarely. 70,2 % of sexually active women protected from pregnancy: 74,2 % used barrier methods of contraception, 13,5 % - intrauterine device, 12,9 % - oral hormone contraception, 11,1% - rejected sexual intercourse. Women below 30 and Kalmyk women used the barrier methods of contraception most often. Women older than 30 years used intrauterine device most often, oral hormone contraception was in use among cities inhabitants and among Russian women. The self-appraisal of knowledge on contraception questions showed that women estimate their erudition as 3,98 ± 0,04 on average. One quarter (23,2 %) of women consider themselves insufficiently or poorly informed dealing with this question. Women in the age below 20 and inhabitants of countryside are less informed. The information was received from the formal source by 32,5 % of women (at school - 27,7 %, from healthcare workers - 4,8 %). The majority of women (50,8 %) received the information from the informal source: 17,9 % - mother and other relatives, 12,8 % - mass media, 4,3 % - printed matter. The role of school in the informing young people dealing with this question decreased during the last few years. The role of healthcare workers in the informing young people is very low.

scholarly journals The role of surgeons during the COVID-19 pandemic: The experience of the Surgery Clinic of the Clinical Hospital Center 'Zemun'

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 228-235
Author(s):  
Dragoš Stojanović ◽  
Nebojša Mitrović ◽  
Dejan Stevanović ◽  
Damir Jašarović ◽  
Srđan Milina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare System ◽  
Surgical Procedures ◽  
Vascular Diseases ◽  
Hospital Treatment ◽  
Clinical Hospital ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Study Results ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Hospital Center

Introduction: In December 2019, the existence of a new type of disease, caused by SARS coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), was discovered in the city of Wuhan, the Republic of China. The disease itself is characterized by a large number of patients with moderate and severe clinical presentation, who require hospital treatment. The organization of the healthcare system of Serbia, during the aforementioned pandemic, has required the engagement of all doctors, regardless of their specialty, in the treatment of patients with COVID-19. Surgeons of all branches, from the Surgery Clinic of the Clinical Hospital Center Zemun, were directly engaged in the treatment of both primary manifestations of the virus and the numerous surgical complications arising in the wake of this disease, but also in the treatment of primary acute surgical diseases in COVID-19-positive patients. Aim: The aim of this paper is to present the functioning of the Surgery Clinic of CHC Zemun, in the conditions of the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as to present the types and results of surgical procedures performed in patients with the COVID-19 infection. Methods: This study was conceived as a retrospective study and was conducted in the period between February 2020 and April 2021, in patients who had undergone emergency surgery and in whom the COVID-19 infection had previously been verified. A total of 232 patients surgically treated at the level of the entire Surgery Clinic of the CHC Zemun participated in the study. Results: Chest drainage, due to the development of pneumothorax, accounted for a quarter of all surgical procedures performed, while, in 53.85% of cases, surgical treatment was undertaken due to acute abdomen of various etiology, and in 21.15% of cases, due to vascular diseases. Conclusion: The COVID-19 pandemic is, in itself, a major challenge for the entire healthcare system. The role of the surgeon is significant, both in organization and in direct treatment, which is additionally complicated by the uniqueness of the entire situation and the severity of the disease itself. In addition to their involvement in the treatment of the COVID-19 infection itself, surgeons were, in a large number of cases, engaged in their primary activity in health care, i.e., in the treatment of surgical diseases and complications of COVID-19, performing demanding surgical procedures in very difficult and unique conditions.

scholarly journals STATISTICAL ANALYSIS OF THE MAIN TRENDS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF INDUSTRIAL SECTORS OF THE REPUBLIC OF KARAKALPAKSTAN

2021 ◽  
pp. 7-11
Author(s):  
Sariev Qahromon Ramatullaevich
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Small Business ◽  
National Economy ◽  
Industrial Production ◽  
Innovation Activity ◽  
Industrial Sectors ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Business Competitiveness

In this article, the role of the industrial network in the national economy, its sustainable development in the Republic of Karakalpakstan, innovative activity of the network and the effectiveness of management are highlighted. KEYWORDS: GDP, industrial sectors, industrial production, business, small business, competitiveness, competitiveness, restructuring, management, national economy, small business shares, innovation activity

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