scholarly journals ONLINE ACCESS TO RESEARCH PAPERS – CHANGES OVER TIME

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie Burke ◽  
Goeran Fiedler
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Knowledge Generation ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Relevant Research ◽  
Research Papers ◽  
National Assembly ◽  
Online Access ◽  
Changes Over Time ◽  
Over Time

INTRODUCTION The successful implementation of Evidence Based Practice (EBP) depends significantly on practitioners’ access to relevant research articles. It has been argued that the time consuming nature of EBP is a major detriment to its acceptance and widespread use,1 and the logistical difficulties, like having to retrieve research publications of interest from the local university library, are likely to exacerbate this issue. In recognizing the associated adverse effects that this problem could present for knowledge generation and dissemination, the idea to make all research findings publicly available online led to the conception of the world wide web in the early 1990s.2 However, many scientific journals that are slow to abandon their subscription-based business models hide their online content behind paywalls, charging article fees that are usually in the range between $20 and $40. Acknowledging the barriers to EBP that these fees can impose, we have previously compared different strategies for prosthetists and orthotists to maximize their free online access to relevant research literature. The respective data collection in the Spring of 2017 resulted in the finding that approximately 40% of search results in Google Scholar linked to freely available full papers, whereas the remaining 60% links offered only the abstract, but not the full paper, free-of-charge.3 In light of the ever progressing efforts to improve public availability of research, such as the open-access publishing movement or the respective requirements mandated by research funding agencies, we hypothesized that the ratio of freely available online articles is increasing over time, and we repeated our data collection one year after the initial study. Abstract PDF  Link: https://jps.library.utoronto.ca/index.php/cpoj/article/view/32010/24429 How to cite: Burke J, Fiedler G. ONLINE ACCESS TO RESEARCH PAPERS – CHANGES OVER TIME. CANADIAN PROSTHETICS & ORTHOTICS JOURNAL, VOLUME 1, ISSUE 2, 2018, ABSTRACT, POSTER PRESENTATION AT THE AOPA’S 101ST NATIONAL ASSEMBLY, SEPT. 26-29, VANCOUVER, CANADA, 2018.                                                                            Abstracts were Peer-reviewed by the American Orthotic Prosthetic Association (AOPA) 101st National Assembly Scientific Committee.  http://www.aopanet.org/  

Comparability and Short-Term Stability of Techniques to Assess Extension of Thinking about One's Personal Future

1983 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 559-564 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Rakowski ◽  
Clifton E. Barber ◽  
Wayne C. Seelbach
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Life Event ◽  
Term Stability ◽  
The Future ◽  
Changes Over Time ◽  
Over Time

Three techniques for assessing extension of one's personal future (line-marking, open-ended report, life-events) were compared in a sample of 74 respondents. Two points of data collection were employed to examine short-term stability. At both administrations, correlations among indices suggested that techniques were only moderately comparable. Short-term stabilities were variable; correlations ranged from .42 to .79. Across subgroups of the sample, the direct, open-ended report of extension showed the greatest stability, while life-event extension showed the least. Apparently, extension of thinking about the future should be assessed by more than one technique to investigate potential relationships with other variables or changes over time in perspective about the future.

Social determinants, lifestyles and health

2012 ◽  
pp. 64-77
Author(s):  
Stefano Campostrini
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Health Outcome ◽  
Health Promotion ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Health Inequalities ◽  
Social Determinants ◽  
Collection System ◽  
Data Collection System ◽  
Changes Over Time ◽  
Over Time

The link between social determinants, risk factors and health outcome has been demonstrated globally. More research is still required, however, to deepen our understanding of the mechanisms underlying these relationships. Although further study is still needed to define better the measures of social determinants (in relation to both health outcome and risk factors), a data collection system (surveillance) already exists for risk factors that can provide information about these relationships. In particular, the observation of changes over time and trends can offer unique information on the effectiveness of health promotion programmes and policies for decreasing (or increasing) health inequalities.

Where Are They Now?

2020 ◽  
pp. 57-91
Author(s):  
Melinda Lundquist Denton ◽  
Richard Flory
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Emerging Adults ◽  
Survey Data ◽  
Religious Traditions ◽  
Religious Lives ◽  
Survey Responses ◽  
Changes Over Time ◽  
Over Time

Building on the foundation laid in Chapter 2, this chapter focuses specifically on the religious lives of emerging adults. Survey responses from multiple waves of data collection are used to show changes over time. The chapter focuses on change and continuity in the religious lives of emerging adults, while also showing how different religious traditions have fared in terms of influencing the lives of emerging adults. Taken together, the survey data show an overarching story of decline; yet under the surface there is movement both toward and away from religion.

Determinanti sociali, stili di vita e stato di salute

2012 ◽  
pp. 63-74
Author(s):  
Stefano Campostrini
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Health Outcome ◽  
Health Promotion ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Social Determinants ◽  
Collection System ◽  
Health Promotion Programs ◽  
Changes Over Time ◽  
Existing Data ◽  
Over Time

The link between social determinants, risk factors and health outcome is globally quite demonstrated. Much research is still needed to better understand the mechanism underneath these relationships. Although, study is still needed to define better measures of social determinants (both in relation to health outcome and risk factors), already existing data collection system on risk factors - surveillance - can offer several information on these relationships. Particularly, the observation of changes over time and trends can offer unique information on the effectiveness of health promotion programs and policies in decreasing (increasing) health inequalities.

scholarly journals The relationship between interviewer-respondent familiarity and family planning outcomes in the Democratic Republic of Congo: a repeat cross-sectional analysis

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. e023069 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip Anglewicz ◽  
Pierre Akilimali ◽  
Linnea Perry Eitmann ◽  
Julie Hernandez ◽  
Patrick Kayembe
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Survey Data ◽  
Contraceptive Use ◽  
Democratic Republic ◽  
Democratic Republic Of Congo ◽  
Republic Of Congo ◽  
Changes Over Time ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Over Time

ObjectivesThe typical approach of survey data collection is to use interviewers who are not from the study site and do not know the participants, yet the implications of this approach on data quality have seldom been investigated. We examine the relationship between interviewer–respondent familiarity and selected family planning outcomes, and whether this relationship changes over time between 2015 and 2016.SettingWe use data from the Performance Monitoring and Accountability 2020 Project in Kongo Central Province, Democratic Republic of Congo.ParticipantsParticipants include representative samples of women of reproductive ages (15 to 49), 1565 interviewed in 2015 and 1668 in 2016. The study used a two-stage cluster design: first randomly selecting enumeration areas (EAs), then randomly selecting households within each EA.DesignWe first identify individual characteristics associated with familiarity between RE and respondent. Next, we examine the relationship between RE–respondent acquaintance and family planning outcomes. Finally, we use two waves of data to examine whether this relationship changes over time between 2015 and 2016.ResultsIn multivariate analysis, interviewer–respondent acquaintance is significantly associated with last birth unintended (OR 1.91, 95% CI 1.17 to 3.13) and reported infertility in 2015 (OR 2.26, 95% CI 1.03 to 4.95); and any contraceptive use (OR 1.51, 95% CI 1.01 to 2.28), traditional contraceptive use (OR 1.79, 95% CI 1.10 to 2.89), reported infidelity (OR 1.89, 95% CI 1.02 to 3.49) and age at first sex (coefficient −0.48, 95% CI −0.96 to −0.01) in 2016. The impact of acquaintance on survey responses changed over time for any contraceptive use (OR 2.09, 95% CI 1.33 to 3.30).ConclusionsThe standard in many large-scale surveys is to use interviewers from outside the community. Our results show that interviewer–respondent acquaintance is associated with a range of family planning outcomes; therefore, we recommend that the approach to hiring interviewers be examined and reconsidered in survey data collection efforts.

scholarly journals Diversity of Online Behaviours Associated with Physical Attendance in Lectures

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amelia Brennan ◽  
Akshay Sharma ◽  
Pablo Munguia
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Online Course ◽  
Course Content ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Course Materials ◽  
Use Of Technology ◽  
Online Behaviour ◽  
Online Access ◽  
Changes Over Time ◽  
Over Time

A common use of technology in higher education is the provision of online course materials, invoking an investigation of the ways in which students engage with online course content, and how their participation changes over time. This is particularly necessary in the context of high absenteeism from lectures, where online access may be the only way in which particular students are engaging with the course. In this study, we examine large-scale patterns of attendance in class, as well as four types of access to online materials. We define two online behavioural metrics — richness and evenness — to capture the distribution of online behaviours within 255 courses, and examine how these change over time. We find that both physical and online attendance decrease throughout the semester, but the fraction of students present online is considerably higher than the fraction present in lectures. Students adapt their online behaviour, and rare behaviours disappear over time. It is important to consider how we provide content, both face-to-face and online, in order to ensure that as many students as possible are accessing this content in ways that we intend.

scholarly journals Longitudinal Survey of Income, Employment and Family Dynamics

1970 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janette Briggs
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Family Structure ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Family Dynamics ◽  
Longitudinal Survey ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Data Policy ◽  
Changes Over Time ◽  
Over Time

Statistics New Zealand has completed the feasibility study for a Longitudinal Survey of Income, Employment and Family Dynamics, and is now in the process of implementing the recommended methodology for this survey. Data collection begins in April 2002. The survey will provide information about changes over time in the economic wellbeing of individuals, and factors influencing that change such as labour market behaviour and changes in family structure. From an initial panel of households the individuals selected will be interviewed and re-interviewed once every 12 months for 8 years. The paper describes the information to be collected, output variables and types of analysis possible with longitudinal data. Policy uses of the data are briefly discussed, with selected examples of overseas analysis using longitudinal survey information.

scholarly journals Engaging inexpensive hands-on activities using Chlamydomonas reinhardtii (a green micro-alga) beads to teach the interplay of photosynthesis and cellular respiration to K4–K16 Biology students

PeerJ ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. e9817
Author(s):  
Mautusi Mitra ◽  
Sara Michelle Broom ◽  
Kysis Pinto ◽  
Sovi-Mya Doan Wellons ◽  
Ariel Dominique Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Chlamydomonas Reinhardtii ◽  
Cellular Respiration ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Biology Students ◽  
Ph Changes ◽  
Laboratory Activities ◽  
Hands On ◽  
Dark Exposure ◽  
Changes Over Time ◽  
Over Time

Background Photosynthesis and cellular respiration play major roles in energy metabolism and are important Life Science topics for K16 Biology students. Algae beads are used for photosynthesis and cellular respiration labs. Currently there are a few companies that sell biology educational kits for making algae beads using non-motile green micro-algae to introduce students to photosynthesis. These kits are expensive and, do not come with detailed guidelines for trouble shooting and customizations for different grade levels. Chlamydomonas reinhardtii is a motile green micro-alga and is an excellent model system for photosynthesis studies. In this article, we are presenting the work conducted in the student-driven, American Society of Plant Biologists-funded, Plant-BLOOME educational outreach project. This project is a supervised collaborative effort of three undergraduates and one high school student. We have generated a protocol which can be used to make Chlamydomonas beads. We have used these beads to design two simple and inexpensive plant biology hands-on activities. These laboratory activities have been customized to teach the interplay of photosynthesis and cellular respiration to K4–K16 Biology students. Methods Chlamydomonas beads were used for two different laboratory activities that involved monitoring pH changes over time using a pH indicator. Our first activity centers on making and, using light-powered algae bead bracelets to monitor dramatic color/pH changes over time when exposed to darkness or light. Our second activity employs strain-specific algae beads with approximately equal cell numbers to conduct comparative photosynthesis and cellular respiration studies in two Chlamydomonas strains namely, wild type, 4A+ and, a high light-sensitive, photosynthetic mutant, 10E35/lsr1a. Results We optimized our experimental protocol using algae beads in a 5.5 mL screw capped glass vials before performing the same experiment in algae bead bracelets. We found that the algal cell density/bead, water type used in the experiment and, the duration of dark exposure of algal beads can affect successful implementation of the lab activities. Light-powered algae bead bracelets showed dramatic color/pH changes within 3 h upon exposure to light or darkness. These bracelets could be switched back and forth between darkness and light multiple times within 48–72 h to display color/pH changes, provided prior dark exposure time did not exceed 9 h. Our comparative studies of photosynthesis and cellular respiration in 10E35 and in 4A+ showed that relative respiration rate and photosynthetic rate is higher and lower in 10E35, respectively, compared to that in 4A+. Additionally, 10E35 failed to display the expected photosynthesis-induced pH/color changes in the light after prolonged exposure to darkness which indicated that prolonged dark exposure of 10E35, hindered photosynthesis.

Percutaneous Tracheostomy: A Multidisciplinary Approach

2008 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 87-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vinciya Pandian ◽  
Thai Tran Nguyen ◽  
Marek Mirski ◽  
Nasir Islam Bhatti
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Quality Assurance ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Multidisciplinary Approach ◽  
Percutaneous Tracheostomy ◽  
Johns Hopkins Hospital ◽  
Prospective Data ◽  
Comprehensive Service ◽  
Over Time

Abstract The techniques of performing a tracheostomy has transformed over time. Percutaneous tracheostomy is gaining popularity over open tracheostomy given its advantages and as a result the number of bedside tracheostomies has increased necessitating the need for a Percutaneous Tracheostomy Program. The Percutaneous Tracheostomy Program at the Johns Hopkins Hospital is a comprehensive service that provides care to patients before, during, and after a tracheostomy with a multidisciplinary approach aimed at decreasing complications. Education is provided to patients, families, and health-care professionals who are involved in the management of a tracheostomy. Ongoing prospective data collection serves as a tool for Quality Assurance.

Comparison of two devices for measuring exercise transcutaneous oxygen pressures in patients with claudication

VASA ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 355-362 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie Urban ◽  
Alban Fouasson-Chailloux ◽  
Isabelle Signolet ◽  
Christophe Colas Ribas ◽  
Mathieu Feuilloy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Pressure ◽  
Optical Sensors ◽  
Chemical Sensors ◽  
Transcutaneous Oxygen ◽  
Starting Values ◽  
Two Systems ◽  
Transcutaneous Oxygen Pressure ◽  
New Sensors ◽  
Changes Over Time ◽  
Over Time

Abstract. Summary: Background: We aimed at estimating the agreement between the Medicap® (photo-optical) and Radiometer® (electro-chemical) sensors during exercise transcutaneous oxygen pressure (tcpO2) tests. Our hypothesis was that although absolute starting values (tcpO2rest: mean over 2 minutes) might be different, tcpO2-changes over time and the minimal value of the decrease from rest of oxygen pressure (DROPmin) results at exercise shall be concordant between the two systems. Patients and methods: Forty seven patients with arterial claudication (65 + / - 7 years) performed a treadmill test with 5 probes each of the electro-chemical and photo-optical devices simultaneously, one of each system on the chest, on each buttock and on each calf. Results: Seventeen Medicap® probes disconnected during the tests. tcpO2rest and DROPmin values were higher with Medicap® than with Radiometer®, by 13.7 + / - 17.1 mm Hg and 3.4 + / - 11.7 mm Hg, respectively. Despite the differences in absolute starting values, changes over time were similar between the two systems. The concordance between the two systems was approximately 70 % for classification of test results from DROPmin. Conclusions: Photo-optical sensors are promising alternatives to electro-chemical sensors for exercise oximetry, provided that miniaturisation and weight reduction of the new sensors are possible.

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