CIScoSI Study [Children Immunization Status and cases of Systemic Illness]

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  

To determine the immunization status of pediatric patients under age of 5 years visiting pediatric department of tertiary care hospitals in South East Asia. The aim of this study was to appreciate the awareness and implementation of vaccination in pediatric patients who came into pediatric outpatient Department with presenting complain other than routine vaccination. we can also know the count of patients who do not complete their vaccination after birth. we can differentiate between vaccinated and unvaccinated patients and incidence of severe disease in both groups. Immunization is a protective process which makes a person resistant to the harmful diseases prevailing in the community, typically by vaccine administration either orally or intravenously. It is proven for controlling and eliminating many threatening diseases from the community. WHO report that licensed vaccines are available for the prevention of many infectious diseases. After the implementation of effective immunization the rate of many infectious diseases have declined in many countries of the world. South-East Asia is far behind in the immunization coverage. An estimated total coverage is 56%-88% for a fully immunized child, which is variable between countries. Also the coverage is highest for BCG and lowest for Polio.

Author(s):  
Qaiser Jahan ◽  
K. Pallavi ◽  
R. Hamshika ◽  
Varun Talla ◽  
Jupally Venkateshwar Rao ◽  
...  

Background: Improper drug usages expose patients to drug-related problems (DRPs) and can be the cause of patient morbidity and even mortality, especially frequent in hospitalized patients and pediatric groups. Objective: The objective of the present study was to identify and assess the drug-related problems in the pediatric department of tertiary care hospitals. Methods: The cross-sectional, observational study was carried out for six months included pediatric in-patients of age ≤15 years of either gender in pediatric units of tertiary care hospitals of India. The enrolled pediatric patients were observed for any drug-related problem that were further recorded and classified using the DRP registration format taken from Cipolle et al. The assessment of therapy was done by using positional statements from standard organizations and guidelines. Main outcome measure: Incidences of drug-related problems and their assessment and root cause analysis. Results: A total of 970 DRPs were identified in 296 patients, with an overall incidence of 49.3%. The incidence of DRPs was maximum in the age group of 2-12 years of children (51.2%). Patients who took six or more drugs were around eight (OR:8.41 , 95% CI: 5.22 to 13.55) times more likely to have DRPs compared to those patients who took less than six drugs. The incidences of DRPs were more in patients who were hospitalized for ≥ 7 days. Conclusion: The present study revealed significantly higher incidences of DRPs in hospitalized pediatric patients necessitating the involvement of clinical pharmacists in the pediatric department of tertiary care hospitals.


2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 173
Author(s):  
Juneris Aritonang

Pendahuluan : Beberapa daerah di Indonesia pada tahun 2017 dilanda Kejadian Luar Biasa. Penyakit difteri masih menjadi masalah di dunia, South-East Asia Region (SEARO) merupakan wilayah pembagian WHO dengan insiden difteri terbanyak di dunia setiap tahunnya. WHO menyatakan pada tahun 2011, Indonesia merupakan Negara tertinggi kedua setelah India yaitu 806 kasus sedangkan India mencapai 3485 kasus. Kasus tersebut terjadi karena adanya immunity gap di kalangan penduduk suatu daerah. Di Aceh, kasus difteri ditemukan pada tahun 2012 sebanyak 16 kasus dan 4 orang di antaranya meninggal. Pada tahun 2016 terdapat sebanyak 11 kasus, dimana 4 orang di antaranya , tahun 2017 berjumlah 112 kasus. Pemerintah melalui program nasional menargetkan pencapaian cakupan imunisasi dasar (DPT) dan lanjutan untuk mencegah kejadian Difteri. Tingginya kasus tersebut terjadi karena adanya immunity gap di kalangan penduduk suatu daerah, dan  Aceh merupakan provinsi dengan tingkat cakupan imunisasi rendah.Metodologi : Penelitian ini dilakukan bertujuan untuk mengetahui kefektifitasan pendidikan kesehatan terhadap perilaku ibu dalm pemberian imunisasi lanjutan pada anaknya. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain kuasi eksperiman dengan pendekatan case control.  Populasi dalam penelitian adalah seluruh ibu yang memiliki balita usia 17-18 bulan, dengan metode pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik accidental sampling, berjumlah sebanyak 37 orang.Hasil : Hasil penelitian diperoleh hasil uji statistik menggunakan uji chi-square diperoleh hasil bahwa ada perbedaan pengetahuan (p=0,000) setelah dilakukan pendidikan kesehatanDiskusi : Pendidikan kesehatan tentang imnunisasi pentabio lanjutan dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan ibu dalam pemberian imunisasi lanjutan pentabio pada balita usia 17-18 bulan, sehingga akan dapat meningkatkan cakupan imunisasi dan mengurangi faktor resiko klb difteri di Provinsi Aceh pada umumnya dan khususnya wilayah kerja Lampaseh. Kata Kunci : Pendidikan Kesehatan, Perilaku,  Imunisasi Pentabio Lanjutan     ABSTRACT Indonesia in 2017 was hit by an Extraordinary Event. Diphtheria is still a problem in the world, the South-East Asia Region (SEARO) is the WHO division area with the highest incidence of diphtheria in the world each year. WHO stated in 2011, Indonesia was the second highest country after India with 806 cases while India with 3485 cases. The case occurred because of the existence of an immunity gap among residents of a region. In Aceh, the case of diphtheria was discovered in 2012 as many as 16 cases and 4 of them died. In 2016 there were 11 cases, of which 4 of them, in 2017 totaled 112 cases. The government through the national program targets the achievement of basic and advanced Pentabio immunization (DPT-Hb-Hib) to prevent the occurrence of Diphtheria. The high cases occur because of the immunity gap among the population of a region, and Aceh is a province with a low level of immunization coverage. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of health education on maternal behavior in providing advanced immunization to their children. This study uses a quasi experimental design with a case control approach. The population in the study were all mothers who had toddlers aged 17-18 months, with sampling methods using accidental sampling techniques, totaling 37 mother. The results of the study obtained the results of statistical tests using chi-square test obtained results that there are differences in knowledge (p = 0.000), attitude (p = 0.003), and action (p = 0.023). Health education on advanced pentabio immunization can improve maternal behavior in the provision of advanced pentabio immunization in infants aged 17-18 months, so that it can increase immunization coverage and reduce risk factors for diphtheria clamps in Aceh Province in general and especially Lampaseh working areas. Keywords: Health Education, Behavior, Advanced Pentabio Immunization


2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 86-87
Author(s):  
Nazneen Anwar ◽  
Vijay Chandra ◽  
Athula Kahandaliyanage

Traditionally, care for mental and neurological disorders has been concentrated in tertiary care hospitals located in large cities. These custodial types of facility were designed to ‘protect’ the community from patients with a mental illness, as such persons were considered dangerous and a threat to the community. Given the state of medical knowledge in the 19th and 20th centuries, this mode of care was considered appropriate. However, in recent decades more humane and effective concepts of care have evolved. These concepts recognise the stigma attached to hospital-based care and also its limited outreach to the community, leaving out the vast majority of people living in rural and remote areas. Violation of human rights, sometimes seen in mental hospitals, has also been of concern.


2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 140-151
Author(s):  
Dilyara Syunyakova

Migration issues, including the impact of migrant flows on the state of public health in the host country and infectious diseases imported by migrants are currently causing much debate. The aim of this study is to analyze data on the prevalence of infectious diseases among migrants and measures to reduce infectious morbidity taken in the countries of the Greater Mekong Subregion, also referred by the World Health Organization (WHO) to the South-East Asia and Western Pacific regions. The research materials included reports, statistical materials, program documents by the World Health Organization, the International Organization for Migration, and other publications. To analyze the situation with infectious diseases among migrants, we selected materials containing information and statistics on infectious diseases in the countries of the Greater Mekong subregion (China, Thailand, Cambodia, Laos, Vietnam, also included in the group countries of the Greater Mekong subregion), since it is in these countries that migration flows are very intense and the problem of transmission of infectious diseases from migrants to the population of the host countries is very urgent. Despite the lack of available statistical information on the level of infectious morbidity among migrants in the countries of the WHO regions of South-East Asia and the Western Pacific, as well as different migration and social policies in these countries, the results obtained allow us to conclude that the special programs and measures to reduce morbidity among migrants are yielding positive results. Screening and testing for infectious diseases in migrants, as well as an appropriate social policy in terms of providing universal health insurance for refugees and migrants, would make it possible to timely diagnose infectious diseases in migrants and thus contribute to a decrease in their incidence and, accordingly, the incidence of persistent diseases. the population of the host countries.


2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew T Robinson ◽  
Khamsing Vongphayloth ◽  
Jeffrey C Hertz ◽  
Paul Brey ◽  
Paul N Newton

Vector-borne pathogens of human significance cause a predicted 17% of infectious diseases worldwide, of which, ~23% are tick transmitted1. Although second to mosquitoes in terms of impact, ticks are thought to carry a greater diversity of pathogens than other arthropod vectors2. Asia is a key region for tick-borne pathogens, with tick species typically restricted to latitudes below 60–55°N3 where the climate is warmer and wetter – from the steppe regions of Russia to the tropical rainforests of South East Asia.


2020 ◽  
Vol 411 ◽  
pp. 116683
Author(s):  
Sayani Maji ◽  
Netravathi Manjunath ◽  
Veenakumari H. Bahubali ◽  
Rajeswari Shome ◽  
Marimuthu Palaniappan ◽  
...  

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