scholarly journals STRATEGIC COMMUNICATION(S) - WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE?

2019 ◽  
pp. 32-42
Author(s):  
IRIS ZNIDARIC
Keyword(s):  
Strategic Communication ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Strategic Communications ◽  
Clear Cut ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Difference

This article is based on a terminological approach to the dilemma of how to differentiate between the phrases strategic communications and strategic communication, and whether it is necessary. On the basis of different contexts, it approaches the subject from a linguistic and terminological point of view, defining some basic terminological terms to assist the reader in understanding the analysis which follows. With this terminological approach it aims to establish whether, in practice, the two phrases function as synonyms or as two different concepts, and whether a clear-cut line can be established.

scholarly journals The Pathology of Tumours of the Urinary Tract

1939 ◽  
Vol 32 (11) ◽  
pp. 1455-1467
Author(s):  
W. D. Newcomb
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Renal Pelvis ◽  
Clinical Importance ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Renal Tubules ◽  
Clear Cut ◽  
Renal Tumours ◽  
The Difference

Attention is called to the difference between the pathologist's and the radiologist's point of view. The reasons for this difference are discussed with special emphasis on renal tumours. Classification of renal tumours. The first main groups are innocent and malignant. Are these really clear-cut or do they blend into one another? The commoner innocent renal tumours are adenoma, fibroma, myoma, lipoma, and angioma. These are rarely of any clinical importance but adenoma is a possible source of hypernephroma. Many elaborate classifications of cancer of the kidney have been proposed but the following four groups are sufficient for most puposes: Carcinoma, hypernephroma, sarcoma, and teratoid tumours. Much the commonest malignant renal tumour in adults is the hypernephroma, thought by Grawitz and others to be derived from ectopic adrenal rests. There is still no agreement concerning their origin but three views are held at the present time: ( a) All are carcinoma of renal tubules. ( b) Some are derived from renal tubules and some from ectopic adrenal. ( c) All are formed from adrenal tissue. These views are discussed with special reference to material in St. Mary's Hospital Museum, and it is suggested that the first view is the most probable although the second cannot be excluded. The teratoid tumours are the commonest in infants and swine. The differences between them and hypernephromata are described. The renal Pelvis, ureter, and bladder all have tumours of the same type and can conveniently be considered together. Connective tissue tumours, both innocent and malignant, are very rare. Papilloma and carcinoma are rare in the pelvis and ureter, but commoner in the bladder. The relation between these two tumours is discussed.

scholarly journals The Dreamer and Their Authenticity in the Zhuangzi

Religions ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 75
Author(s):  
Barbara Aniela Bonar
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
The Other ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Structural Process ◽  
One Stage ◽  
Psychoanalytic Perspective ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Two Stages

In this paper, I explain the problem of the dreamer in the Zhuangzi. I aim to show that no difference exists between dreaming states and waking states because we have a fluctual relationship with these two stages. In both, “we are dreaming.” Put another way, from a psychoanalytical point of view, one stage penetrates the other and vice versa. The difference between dreaming and non-dreaming disappears because dreaming is a structural process. Also, from a psychoanalytical perspective, all confirmations and negations about dreams and non-dreams leads to one point: the being, or rather the becoming, of the subject. How does this solve the problem of the True Person/True Human Being (zhenren真人)? Does such a person have dreams or not? Does the True Person sleep without dreams, as we find in the Zhuangzi? From a psychoanalytic perspective, this is not possible. To prove this, I will present few passages from the Zhuangzi and offer a psychoanalytic explanation of them based on Jacques Lacan’s theory of the fantasy and desire.

The Effect of Waking Suggestion on Post-Hypnotic Amnesia

1981 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.P. Fourie
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
The Other ◽  
Hypnotic Susceptibility ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The One ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Female Subjects

It is increasingly realized that hypnosis may be seen from an interpersonal point of view, meaning that it forms part of the relationship between the hypnotist and the subject. From this premise it follows that what goes on in the relationship prior to hypnosis probably has an influence on the hypnosis. Certain of these prior occurences can then be seen as waking suggestionns (however implicitly given) that the subject should behave in a certain way with regard to the subsequent hypnosis. A study was conducted to test the hypothesis that waking suggestions regarding post-hypnotic amnesia are effective. Eighteen female subjects were randomly divided into two groups. The groups listened to a tape-recorded talk on hypnosis in which for the one group amnesia for the subsequent hypnotic experience and for the other group no such amnesia was suggested. Thereafter the Stanford Hypnotic Susceptibility Scale was administered to all subjects. Only the interrogation part of the amnesia item of the scale was administered. The subjects to whom post-hypnotic amnesia was suggested tended to score lower on the amnesia item than the other subjects, as was expected, but the difference between the mean amnesia scores of the two groups was not significant.

scholarly journals The Problem of the Relationship between Apperception, Self-Consciousness and Consciousness in Kant’s Critical Philosophy

2020 ◽  
pp. 24-53
Author(s):  
I. E. Andriianov
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Capacity ◽  
Synthetic Activity ◽  
Pure Reason ◽  
Critique Of Pure Reason ◽  
Functional Roles ◽  
Clear Cut ◽  
Prime Task ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Relationship

Kant does not provide clear-cut definitions of apperception, consciousness, and self-consciousness and everywhere uses these terms as synonyms, which creates the problem of the relationship between these faculties. The importance of this problem stems from the colossal significance of each of the above-mentioned faculties which are intimately connected with Kant’s formulation of the key tasks of transcendental philosophy. The prime task is to discover the categories of understanding and to prove the legitimacy of their use, a task that is further complicated by the difference between the editions of the Critique of Pure Reason in terms of the argumentation in the section on the deduction of categories and Kant’s concept of apperception. Accordingly, the author seeks to clarify the purpose of each of the above-mentioned faculties and to establish their inter-relationship. To this end the author analyses the functional roles of consciousness, self-consciousness and apperception in solving the main tasks of the first Critique. It turns out that consciousness is a reflexive cognitive capacity which provides access to representations in our soul and allows us to distinguish them and to connect them. Self-consciousness is the mode of the functioning of consciousness which makes it possible to study three objects of consciousness: internal and external representations of the subject, the synthetic activity of understanding and our soul. Apperception is the Latin synonym of the concept of Selbstbewußtsein and is aimed at studying the unity of our representations. Because Kant distinguishes multiple kinds of unity, there are different names for apperception. Kant uses the concept of Apperzeption as a synonym of self-consciousness because his concept of consciousness follows the Leibniz-Wolffian tradition.

The V-2 rule in Old English conjunct clauses

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 253-296
Author(s):  
Anna Cichosz
Keyword(s):  
Old English ◽  
Prepositional Phrase ◽  
Personal Pronoun ◽  
Discourse Function ◽  
Object A ◽  
Clear Cut ◽  
Initial Element ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Difference

Abstract This study shows that Old English conjunct clauses, i.e. main declarative clauses introduced by the coordinating conjunctions and and ac, resemble non-conjunct main clauses as far as the V-2 rule is concerned. Most importantly, this study reveals that the mechanism of SV inversion observed in OE conjunct clauses works according to all the principles defined for non-conjunct main clauses. The only difference, driven by the main discourse function of conjunct clauses, is that the clause-initial element in these clauses is usually the subject. However, if the subject is preceded by some other fronted constituent (e.g. an object, a complement, an adverb or a prepositional phrase), SV inversion is typical with nominal subjects, while personal pronoun subjects are only inverted if the clause-initial constituent belongs to a limited set of adverbs, i.e. þa and þonne (‘then’). In this way, this study reveals that the difference between Old English conjunct and non-conjunct main clauses is not as clear-cut as has traditionally been suggested.

Tack in Rubber

1964 ◽  
Vol 37 (5) ◽  
pp. 1178-1189 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. K. F. Bussemaker
Keyword(s):  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Theoretical Approach ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Rubber Industry ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
Synthetic Rubber ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Definition Of

Abstract The expressions tack, tackiness, and stickiness have been in use since the beginning of the rubber industry. During the years their meaning has changed considerably. The first occasion where tackiness was mentioned was in the case of crude natural rubber. The surface of the rubber became tacky or sticky during storage. This phenomenon has been thoroughly discussed in the literature. As a general conclusion it was accepted that both oxidation and depolymerisation occurred. Three factors were reported to be the cause of these processes: light, traces of copper, and manganese. From our point of view we would call this effect stickiness, as we are only interested in the building tack of rubber. In the period when the only rubber was natural rubber and high loadings of highly active fillers were not generally used in compounds, building tack was no problem. Building tack was first mentioned in a publication by Griffith and Jones in 1928. They started their experiments by measuring tack in their search for methods to prevent cotton liners from sticking to unvulcanized rubber. One would have expected much work on the measurement and improvement of tack in Germany and Russia during the development of synthetic rubbers. However, this only proved to be the case in Russia. The first publication available was the translation of an article by Voyutskii and Margolina in 1957. From Voyutskii's work we were able to trace the first article in 1935 by Zhukov and Talmud, who studied the adhesive power of synthetic rubber. In the USA the first theoretical approach to the subject was by Josefowitz and Mark in 1942, who at that time did not realize the difference between stickiness and tack. This difference became clear when lack of tack became the big problem in the use of synthetic rubber. In many cases it was found that addition of resins and softeners gave a very sticky compound which had no building tack at all. The tack problem was first discussed at the ASTM symposium on the application of synthetic rubbers in 1944 by Juve who gave a definition of building tack. From that time, the problem has been studied regularly, especially from the practical side, to find ways and means to improve the building tack of synthetic rubbers.

Effects of pesticides on wildlife

1967 ◽  
Vol 167 (1007) ◽  
pp. 128-133 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Population Ecology ◽  
Biological Diversity ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Future Generations ◽  
General Sense ◽  
Toxicological Data ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Total Environment

Most of the research on the effects of pesticides on wildlife has been done in order to reduce harmful side effects, that is by scientists interested in conservation. Since the approach of conservation ecologists is conditioned by the aims of their work these should be mentioned, for, unlike the aims of agriculture and preventive medicine, they cannot be taken for granted. This is unfortunate because conservation is, I believe, an important and probably an essential activity of modern man. Essentially the aim of conservation is to hand on biological diversity to future generations. The reasons for this are : 1. We never know when a particular species may not become of particular value to man in the future; once a species becomes extinct it is lost for ever. 2. Biological diversity produces stability; and in a general sense a stable total environment is better for mankind than an unstable one. The important corollary from the point of view of today’s discussion is that conservationists are primarily concerned with the survival of species. In this their approach is radically different from that of medical and veterinary experts who are primarily concerned with the survival of individuals. One of the main practical results of the difference is this—for medical purposes, toxicological data provide a reasonable basis for predicting the hazards of pesticides; but for the conservationist they are inadequate unless supplemented by data obtained in the field. The concern of the conservationist with populations conditions his whole approach to the problem of pesticides; but I believe it forces him into looking at it fundamentally, for the essential pesticide problems are ones of population ecology. In this paper I shall describe the nature of the subject in ecological terms before briefly summarizing research which is being done to elucidate some of the wildlife problems.

scholarly journals Religious Freedom in the Time of the Pandemic

Religions ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 103
Author(s):  
Piotr Mazurkiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Human Rights ◽  
Religious Freedom ◽  
State Intervention ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Religious Communities ◽  
Religious Perspectives ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Restrictive Policy

The subject of the paper is the issue of restrictions on religious freedom during the COVID-19 pandemic imposed by European countries. The period under examination covers the interval from March to December 2020. The issue is analyzed from the point of view of respecting human rights in a situation of conflict between the values of public health and religious freedom. In this context, the perception of importance and urgency regarding the values that should be protected and the concept of “essential goods”, which are understood differently in secular and religious perspectives, are of particular importance. Another essential issue is not only the scope but also the “depth” of state intervention in the life of religious communities. In Europe, there was a wide variety of national approaches to restricting religious freedom in order to ensure public health. Some of them pursued a very restrictive policy in this area, others moderate, and others very soft. One also could observe the difference in decisions made by most countries during the first and the second waves of the pandemic. A significant element enabling a possible evaluation of the applied solutions is the matter of their duration. Are the introduced limitations only temporary, implemented due to the extraordinary situation, or should they be view as a part of a “radical political experiment”, as a result of which the very understanding of religious freedom and its place in the hierarchy of human rights will change. The arguments of a philosophical, theological, legal and sociological nature are analyzed issuing methods appropriate to each of these disciplines.

scholarly journals TERMINOLOGY AS THE CORNERSTONE OF THE DEFENCE AND MILITARY PROFESSION – THE CASE OF NATO'S STRATEGIC COMMUNICATIONS CONCEPT

2020 ◽  
pp. 89-108
Author(s):  
NINA RADUHA ◽  
IRIS ZNIDARIC
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Strategic Communication ◽  
Strategic Communications ◽  
Theoretical Part ◽  
Subject Specific ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Military Profession ◽  
The Republic

In 2009, NATO adopted the Strategic Communications Concept. In the period when we are acquainting ourselves with this concept in the Republic of Slovenia, adopting the prescribed standards in this field and deciding on the breadth of its use, we also began to regulate the subject-specific terminology. In the theoretical part of the article we thus present some basic premises of terminology as a science and the NATO's Strategic Communications Concept, while the empirical part presents the process of identifying the appropriate Slovenian term for this concept. Key words Strategic communications, strategic communication, terminology, NATO, StratCom.

scholarly journals Two Concepts of Recognition

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-68
Author(s):  
Adam Chmielewski
Keyword(s):  
Social Order ◽  
Mutual Recognition ◽  
Methodological Individualism ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Social Constructions ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Communitarian Philosophy

The aim of this paper is to submit the doctrine of methodological individualism to a reconsideration from the point of view of the arguments formulated by contemporary communitarian philosophy. I propose to approach the opposition between the individual and the community, constitutive for the liberal– communitarian debate, by means of two concepts, i.e. those of recognition and order. I argue that for the individualists a social order emerges through a process of mutual recognition of the pre-existing individuals and their interests, while the communitarians claim that the task of individuals is to recognize values and norms of a pre-existing social order which is to become their own. The difference between them thus resides primarily in the ontological distinction between the respective objects of these two divergent concepts of recognition. The argument is developed through an analysis of David Hume’s concept of the individual. In opposition to some communitarian claims, I maintain that his approach may be interpreted as an antecedent of the communitarian views on the subject. I also outline a view of moral rules as neither universal, absolutist, nor purely emotivist in character, but as social constructions endowed with the status of “contingent permanence.”

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document