scholarly journals CROSS-NATIONAL COMPARISONS OF STUDENTS’ SCIENCE SUCCESS BASED ON GENDER VARIABILITY: EVIDENCE FROM TIMSS

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 186-200
Author(s):  
Öyküm Esra Aşkın ◽  
Ersoy Öz
Keyword(s):  
Unobserved Heterogeneity ◽  
Choice Models ◽  
Educational Goals ◽  
Accurate Identification ◽  
Holistic View ◽  
Current State ◽  
8Th Grade ◽  
The Common ◽  
Comparative Results ◽  
Mathematics And Science

Identifying key determinants of success plays an important role in efforts of assessing the current state of educational practices and implementing effective actions to improve academic performance. Given how important is accurate identification of these determinants for valid comparisons, the aim of this research was to present extensive comparative results on 8th grade students' science success for 39 countries. To this end, a total number of 229,493 students' information obtained from the last cycle of Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study was handled. Unlike previous studies in which success has been tried to be explained with some factors, this research extended the literature by investigating the effective factors as well as gender-related variability on science success with a holistic view. Using heterogeneous choice models, unobserved heterogeneity caused by gender difference was tested and controlled. The findings showed that gender variability was evident for 10 countries. Furthermore, factors associated with students' future educational goals, home educational resources and confidence were found as the common determinators of science success in all participant countries. Another notable finding was all factors, except time spent on doing homework, tended to differentiate the success status between girls and boys of 22 countries. Keywords: cross-country comparison, gender variability, heterogeneous choice models, science success.

scholarly journals An Overview of Biodiesel Production via Calcium Oxide Based Catalysts: Current State and Perspective

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (13) ◽  
pp. 3950
Author(s):  
Hoora Mazaheri ◽  
Hwai Chyuan Ong ◽  
Zeynab Amini ◽  
Haji Hassan Masjuki ◽  
M. Mofijur ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heterogeneous Catalysis ◽  
Calcium Oxide ◽  
Heterogeneous Catalysts ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Catalyst Synthesis ◽  
Process Improvements ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Common ◽  
Activity Mechanism

Biodiesel is a clean, renewable, liquid fuel that can be used in existing diesel engines without modification as pure or blend. Transesterification (the primary process for biodiesel generation) via heterogeneous catalysis using low-cost waste feedstocks for catalyst synthesis improves the economics of biodiesel production. Heterogeneous catalysts are preferred for the industrial generation of biodiesel due to their robustness and low costs due to the easy separation and relatively higher reusability. Calcium oxides found in abundance in nature, e.g., in seashells and eggshells, are promising candidates for the synthesis of heterogeneous catalysts. However, process improvements are required to design productive calcium oxide-based catalysts at an industrial scale. The current work presents an overview of the biodiesel production advancements using calcium oxide-based catalysts (e.g., pure, supported, and mixed with metal oxides). The review discusses different factors involved in the synthesis of calcium oxide-based catalysts, and the effect of reaction parameters on the biodiesel yield of calcium oxide-based catalysis are studied. Further, the common reactor designs used for the heterogeneous catalysis using calcium oxide-based catalysts are explained. Moreover, the catalytic activity mechanism, challenges and prospects of the application of calcium oxide-based catalysts in biodiesel generation are discussed. The study of calcium oxide-based catalyst should continue to be evaluated for the potential of their application in the commercial sector as they remain the pivotal goal of these studies.

scholarly journals Migraine

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 1407-1427
Author(s):  
Mr. Ghene Mauli Ganesh
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Migraine ◽  
Medication Overuse ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Preventive Treatment ◽  
Primary Headaches ◽  
Brain Disorder ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Common ◽  
Chronic Headaches ◽  
Migrainous Headache

Abstract: Migraine is the most common disabling brain disorder. Chronic migraine, a condition characterized by the experience of migrainous headache on at least 15 days per month, is highly disabling. Patients with chronic migraine present to primary care, are often referred for management to secondary care, and make up a large proportion of patients in specialist headache clinics. Many patients with chronic migraine also have medication overuse, defined as using a compound analgesic, opioid, triptan or ergot derivative on at least 10 days per month. All doctors will encounter patients with chronic headaches. A basic working knowledge of the common primary headaches, and a rational manner of approaching the patient with these conditions, allows a specific diagnosis of chronic migraine to be made quickly and safely, and by making this diagnosis one opens up a substantial number of acute and preventive treatment options. This article discusses the current state of management of chronic migraine.

scholarly journals Chances of education in the global world

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 35-55
Author(s):  
Serhiy Viktorovych Proleiev
Keyword(s):  
Personality Development ◽  
Self Determination ◽  
Sociocultural Context ◽  
Current State ◽  
Educational Task ◽  
The Common ◽  
Global World ◽  
Characteristic Trend ◽  
Common Understanding ◽  
Historical Nature

The article considers the challenge to the educational system, which arises from the sociocultural context and the conditions of the global world. The emphasis is on the cultural and historical nature of the emergence and development of the institution of education. The specifics of its current state consists in the transition from the state of "universal education" characteristic of the modern time to the localization of education in specialized groups and communities as a characteristic trend of global reality (the phenomenon of "educational archipelago"). In these conditions, school education receives a special purpose. It becomes a prerequisite for an individual’s ability to self-determination in a changing world devoid of objective unity. Accordingly, giftedness as a potential for personality development comes to the fore. The shortcomings of the common understanding of giftedness are analyzed, its relationship with the essence of man is shown. The meaning of giftedness as a negative and positive educational task is revealed. The most important result of the development of giftedness in the school is the discovery by the student of his vocation. In the form of a vocation, a person opens the semantic perspective of his life and determines the scenario of life in an adult state.

scholarly journals Protecting Family Interests: An Interview Study with Foreign-Born Parents Struggling On in Childhood Cancer Care

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pernilla Pergert ◽  
Solvig Ekblad ◽  
Olle Björk ◽  
Karin Enskär ◽  
Tom Andrews
Keyword(s):  
Childhood Cancer ◽  
Cancer Care ◽  
Main Concern ◽  
Theory Approach ◽  
Foreign Born ◽  
Healthcare Staff ◽  
Holistic View ◽  
Classic Grounded Theory ◽  
The Common ◽  
Grounded Theory Approach

Sweden's population is gradually changing to become more multiethnic and diverse and that applies also for recipients of health care, including childhood cancer care. A holistic view on the sick child in the context of its family has always been a cornerstone in childhood cancer care in Sweden. The purpose of this study was to gain knowledge about the experiences and main concern of foreign-born parents in the context of paediatric cancer care. Interviews were performed with eleven foreign-born parents and data were analysed using a classic grounded theory approach. Foreign-born parents often feel in a position of powerless dependence, but family interests are protected in their approaches to interaction with healthcare staff, through cooperation, contesting, and reluctant resigning. Healthcare staff need to listen to foreign-born parents and deal with their concerns seriously to prevent powerless-dependence and work for trustful cooperation in the common fight against childhood cancer.

Implementation of E-Governance in India

2012 ◽  
pp. 1282-1304
Author(s):  
Mangala Anil Hirwade
Keyword(s):  
Service Delivery ◽  
State Government ◽  
Holistic View ◽  
Government Services ◽  
Service Category ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Common ◽  
Common Man ◽  
The Government ◽  
Ultimate Objective

The National e-Governance Plan (NeGP) was approved by the Government of India in the year 2006, comprising of 27 Mission Mode Projects (MMPs) and 8 components. The vision of this programme is –“to make all government services accessible to the common man in his locality, through common service delivery outlets, and ensure efficiency, transparency, and reliability of such services at affordable costs to realise the basic needs of the common man.” The effort has been made to demystify and simplify the process of delivering government services by taking a holistic view of initiatives across the country and proving an enabling ICT based platform. The ultimate objective is to bring government services to citizens’ doorsteps. This article discusses major e-governance initiatives before the launch of NeGP and the status of MMPs under Central and State Government and under integrated service category after the launch of NeGP. It also takes an overview of the number of online services provided to the stakeholders through government portals. A review of recommendations of National Knowledge Commission of India on e-governance is taken along with the actions taken in this direction. Major challenges in implementation of e-governance are also discussed.

scholarly journals The constructs of site layout modeling: an overview

2015 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 199-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farnaz Sadeghpour ◽  
Mohsen Andayesh
Keyword(s):  
Construction Sites ◽  
Layout Planning ◽  
Holistic View ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Levels Of Detail ◽  
Site Layout ◽  
Planning Models ◽  
Efficient Planning ◽  
The Common ◽  
Different Levels

The efficient planning of site space through the course of a construction project is referred to as site layout planning. Due to its impact on safety, productivity and security on construction sites, several site layout planning models have been developed in the past decades. These models have the common aim of generating best layouts considering the defined constraints and conditions. However, the underlying assumptions that were made during the development of these models seem disparate and often implicit. This study provides an overview of the existing models and aims to draw a holistic view of variables that have been considered at different levels of detail and using different approaches in the site layout literature. Through close examination and comparative analysis of existing models, this study identifies the components that need to be considered for site layout modeling, referred to as constructs. Possible approaches that can be used to realize each construct are presented, and the advantages and disadvantages of these approaches are discussed. It is hoped that this study contributes to a better understanding of site layout modeling, and provide an outline for the development of new site layout planning models.

Comparison of five automated urine sediment analyzers with manual microscopy for accurate identification of urine sediment

2019 ◽  
Vol 57 (11) ◽  
pp. 1744-1753 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jooyoung Cho ◽  
Kyeong Jin Oh ◽  
Beom Chan Jeon ◽  
Sang-Guk Lee ◽  
Jeong-Ho Kim
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cells ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Turnaround Time ◽  
Accurate Identification ◽  
Urine Sediment ◽  
Detection Rates ◽  
Manual Processing ◽  
The Common ◽  
Distinct Features ◽  
Clinical Algorithms

Abstract Background While the introduction of automated urine analyzers is expected to reduce the labor involved, turnaround time and potential assay variations, microscopic examination remains the “gold standard” for the analysis of urine sediments. In this study, we evaluated the analytical and diagnostic performance of five recently introduced automated urine sediment analyzers. Methods A total of 1016 samples were examined using five automated urine sediment analyzers and manual microscopy. Concordance of results from each automated analyzer and manual microscopy were evaluated. In addition, image and microscopic review rates of each system were investigated. Results The proportional bias for red blood cells (RBCs), white blood cells (WBCs) and squamous epithelial cells in the automated urine sediment analyzers were within ±20% of values obtained using the manual microscope, except in the cases of RBCs and WBCs analyzed using URiSCAN PlusScope and Iris iQ200SPRINT, respectively. The sensitivities of Roche Cobas® u 701 and Siemens UAS800 for pathologic casts (73.6% and 81.1%, respectively) and crystals (62.2% and 49.5%, respectively) were high, along with high image review rates (24.6% and 25.2%, respectively). The detection rates for crystals, casts and review rates can be changed for the Sysmex UF-5000 platform according to cut-off thresholds. Conclusions Each automated urine sediment analyzer has certain distinct features, in addition to the common advantages of reducing the burden of manual processing. Therefore, laboratory physicians are encouraged to understand these features, and to utilize each system in appropriate ways, considering clinical algorithms and laboratory workflow.

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