Comparison of five automated urine sediment analyzers with manual microscopy for accurate identification of urine sediment

2019 ◽  
Vol 57 (11) ◽  
pp. 1744-1753 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jooyoung Cho ◽  
Kyeong Jin Oh ◽  
Beom Chan Jeon ◽  
Sang-Guk Lee ◽  
Jeong-Ho Kim
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cells ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Turnaround Time ◽  
Accurate Identification ◽  
Urine Sediment ◽  
Detection Rates ◽  
Manual Processing ◽  
The Common ◽  
Distinct Features ◽  
Clinical Algorithms

Abstract Background While the introduction of automated urine analyzers is expected to reduce the labor involved, turnaround time and potential assay variations, microscopic examination remains the “gold standard” for the analysis of urine sediments. In this study, we evaluated the analytical and diagnostic performance of five recently introduced automated urine sediment analyzers. Methods A total of 1016 samples were examined using five automated urine sediment analyzers and manual microscopy. Concordance of results from each automated analyzer and manual microscopy were evaluated. In addition, image and microscopic review rates of each system were investigated. Results The proportional bias for red blood cells (RBCs), white blood cells (WBCs) and squamous epithelial cells in the automated urine sediment analyzers were within ±20% of values obtained using the manual microscope, except in the cases of RBCs and WBCs analyzed using URiSCAN PlusScope and Iris iQ200SPRINT, respectively. The sensitivities of Roche Cobas® u 701 and Siemens UAS800 for pathologic casts (73.6% and 81.1%, respectively) and crystals (62.2% and 49.5%, respectively) were high, along with high image review rates (24.6% and 25.2%, respectively). The detection rates for crystals, casts and review rates can be changed for the Sysmex UF-5000 platform according to cut-off thresholds. Conclusions Each automated urine sediment analyzer has certain distinct features, in addition to the common advantages of reducing the burden of manual processing. Therefore, laboratory physicians are encouraged to understand these features, and to utilize each system in appropriate ways, considering clinical algorithms and laboratory workflow.

An Automated Method for Differential Blood Counting Using Microscope Color Image of Isolated WBC

2010 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 35-48
Author(s):  
Anant R. Koppar ◽  
Venugopalachar Sridhar
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cells ◽  
Human Error ◽  
Color Image ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Healthcare Delivery ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Turnaround Time ◽  
Differential Count ◽  
Flow Process ◽  
Automated Method

Healthcare Delivery Systems are becoming overloaded in developed and developing countries. It is imperative that more efficient and cost effective processes be employed by innovative applications of technology in the delivery system. One such process in Haematology that needs attention is “Generation of report on the Differential Count of Blood”. Most rural centers in India still employ traditional, manual processes to identify and count White Blood Cells under a microscope. This traditional method of manually counting the white blood cells is prone to human error and time consuming. Medical Imaging with innovative application of algorithms can be used for recognizing and analyzing the images from blood smears to provide an efficient alternative for differential counting and reporting. In this regard, the objective of this paper is to provide a simple and pragmatic software system built on innovative yet simple imaging algorithms for achieving better efficiency and accuracy of results. The resulting work-flow process has enabled truly practical tele-pathology by enabling e-collaboration between lesser skilled technicians and more skilled experts, which cuts down the total turnaround time for differential count reporting from days to minutes. The system can be extended to detect malarial parasites in blood and also cancerous cells.

Improved Identification of White Blood Cells and Renal Tubular Epithelial Cells in Urine Using Cytology

2011 ◽  
Vol 140 ◽  
pp. 152-156
Author(s):  
Xu Guo Sun ◽  
Dian Jun Wei ◽  
Xiao Chun Liu ◽  
Yu Zhu Ma ◽  
Xin Fan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Automatic Identification ◽  
Identification System ◽  
Tubular Epithelial Cells ◽  
Renal Tubular Epithelial Cells ◽  
Urine Sediment ◽  
Cytoplasmic Staining ◽  
Renal Tubular

Objectives: Conventional automatic identification system to differentiate white blood cells from renal tubular epithelial cells was limited by overlapping parameters and investigation of clear classification of these two cells could be critical to diagnosis and prognosis. Methods: Urine samples from 120 individuals (30 bladder cystitis, 30 glomerular nephritis, 30 pyelonephritis and 30 nephrotic syndrome) were collected. Urine sediments were stained by Sternheimer method and examined by TJYDSXG-1 microscopic cell analysis system including cell size, degree of cytoplasmic staining and nuclear coefficient of variation (CV). Peroxidase chemical staining was also employed to differentiate white blood cells (WBC) and renal tubular epithelial cells (RTEC) in sediments. Results: WBC in urine sediment was (8-13) μm, while (10-16) μm for RTEC, with 36% overlapping of nuclear CV. Peroxidase chemical staining intensity index is 0-4 for WBC and 0-1 for RTEC. Conclusions: Percentage of overlap between WBC and RTEC can be reduced to 7%-13% when Sternheimer staining was combined with peroxidase staining.

IMAGE SEGMENTATION TECHNIQUES FOR RED BLOOD CELL : ON OVERVIEW

2015 ◽  
Vol 77 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Laghouiter Oussama ◽  
M. Mahadi Abdul Jamil ◽  
Wan Mahani Hafiza Bt. Wan Mahmud
Keyword(s):  
Image Processing ◽  
Image Segmentation ◽  
Blood Cell ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Medical Image Analysis ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Critical Factor ◽  
Processing Technique ◽  
Image Processing Technique ◽  
The Common

Image processing technique applies in different domains, such as medical, remote sensing and security. This techniques Aims to get a simple image called -image processed- should retain maximum useful information. The sensitive step in image processing is segmentation of image. Segmentation is first stage in medical image analysis seeded to two categories supervised and unsupervised technique. Accuracy of this stage affects the whole system performance. This paper present some methods applied for blood cell image segmentation and compares previous studies of overlapping cell division method. The common goal about this area is accuracy of counting the number of red blood cells (RBC) or white blood cells (WBC), which decrease with effect of some diseases such as anemia and leukemia. And makes it a critical factor in patient treatments.

scholarly journals Automated urinalysis: First experiences and comparison of automated urinalysis system and manual microscopy

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (7) ◽  
pp. 576-579
Author(s):  
K Gautam ◽  
D Pyakurel
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Bacterial Count ◽  
Work Load ◽  
Test Strip ◽  
Laboratory Evaluation ◽  
Urine Sediment ◽  
Chemical Examination ◽  
Cell Counts

Background: Urinary tract infection is a common condition which needs laboratory evaluation of urine to substantiate the clinical diagnosis and initiate treatment. The conventional urinalysis consists of using a test strip for chemical examination to identify the various urine sediments after which visual microscopy is done. We evaluate the analytical performance of automated microscopic technique (UF 500i) and compare results with those from manual microscopy. Materials and Methods: A total of 382 urine specimens were collected during a period of one month out of which 128 samples which had abnormal cell counts were analyzed for cells and particles by manual and automated microscopy by UF-500i flow cytometer. Results: The concordance of UF 500i and the manual microscopy which is considered to be the gold standard for urine microscopic examination was 90.6% for white blood cells, red blood cell, epithelial cells, cast and bacterial count. Conclusion: Automated urine sediment analyzer, UF 500i was considered reliable in the measurement of white blood cells, red blood cells, epithelial cells, cast and bacteria. Automation will surely reduce the work load, increase accuracy and reliability, and increase the throughput and turn-around time of the laboratory DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jpn.v4i7.10316 Journal of Pathology of Nepal (2014) Vol. 4, 576-579  

Capillary red blood cell flow and activation of white blood cells in chronic muscle ischemia in the rat

1997 ◽  
Vol 272 (6) ◽  
pp. H2757-H2764 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. I. Anderson ◽  
O. Hudlicka ◽  
M. D. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cell ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Muscular Activity ◽  
Capillary Perfusion ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
The Common ◽  
Increased Activity

Increased activity of ischemic skeletal muscles in which functional hyperemia is impaired has been linked with capillary endothelial swelling postcapillary white blood cell (WBC) adherence. The perfusion pattern of capillaries under these conditions and time course of WBC activation is not known. Capillary microcirculation was studied by videomicroscopy at rest and after muscle contractions (1 Hz, 10 min) in extensor digi-torum longus muscles of pentobarbital sodium-anesthetized rat during the early stages of chronic ischemia (unilateral ligation of the common iliac artery for 3 days) and in ischemic muscles subjected to increased activity (7 days of ischemia or 3 days of ischemia plus indirect electrical stimulation via planted electrodes, 10 Hz, 7 x 10 min on-90 min off/day) to investigate how perfusion was affected. All ischemic muscles had more intermittently flowing capillaries than did unoperated control) muscles. Temporal heterogeneity of perfusion at rest, assessed by velocity, time spent stationary, and stop/start frequency of red blood cells, was similar to control values in ischemic muscles but greater in ischemic muscles subjected to additional activity. Hyperemic responses to contractions were severely blunted in all ischemic groups. The portion of morphologically nonspherical WBCs, taken to indicate activation, was 24 +/- 3% in venous blood after 3 days of ischemia vs. 14 +/- 1% in control muscles and increased further by 7 days (42 +/- 2%) when activated cells were also found in arterial blood. Thus increased muscular activity may exacerbate the adverse effects of ischemia on capillary perfusion, and WBC activation, evident before endothelial swelling is apparent, provides the potential as a circulating signal for capillary swelling in the ischemic and other muscles.

An Automated Method for Differential Blood Counting Using Microscope Color Image of Isolated WBC

2012 ◽  
pp. 219-232
Author(s):  
Anant R. Koppar ◽  
Venugopalachar Sridhar
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cells ◽  
Human Error ◽  
Color Image ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Healthcare Delivery ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Turnaround Time ◽  
Differential Count ◽  
Flow Process ◽  
Accuracy Of Results

Healthcare Delivery Systems are becoming overloaded in developed and developing countries. It is imperative that more efficient and cost effective processes be employed by innovative applications of technology in the delivery system. One such process in Haematology that needs attention is “Generation of report on the Differential Count of Blood”. Most rural centers in India still employ traditional, manual processes to identify and count White Blood Cells under a microscope. This traditional method of manually counting the white blood cells is prone to human error and time consuming. Medical Imaging with innovative application of algorithms can be used for recognizing and analyzing the images from blood smears to provide an efficient alternative for differential counting and reporting. In this regard, the objective of this paper is to provide a simple and pragmatic software system built on innovative yet simple imaging algorithms for achieving better efficiency and accuracy of results. The resulting work-flow process has enabled truly practical tele-pathology by enabling e-collaboration between lesser skilled technicians and more skilled experts, which cuts down the total turnaround time for differential count reporting from days to minutes. The system can be extended to detect malarial parasites in blood and also cancerous cells.

Qualitative Urinalyses in Puppies 0 to 24 Weeks of Age

2003 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 369-378 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rhonda D. Faulks ◽  
India F. Lane
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cells ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Occult Blood ◽  
Urine Specific Gravity ◽  
Laboratory Setting ◽  
Urine Sediment ◽  
Primary Finding ◽  
Concentration Of Urine ◽  
Apparently Healthy

Suggestions for interpreting qualitative urinalyses from puppies have been based on limited results obtained in the laboratory setting. Proteinuria, glucosuria, and decreased concentration of urine have been considered normal in puppies <8 weeks of age due to immature renal function. In this study, the authors reviewed 149 voided urine samples from 118 different, apparently healthy, random-source puppies. The primary finding was that mean urine specific gravity (USG) was significantly lower in 0- to 3-week-old puppies when compared to puppies 4 to 24 weeks old. Mean USG in all other age groups was >1.030. There was no difference in the frequency of positive protein or occult blood dipstick results among age groups, and there were no positive glucose, ketone, bilirubin, or urobilinogen reactions in any samples analyzed. Urine sediment results are reported for 41 samples. Epithelial cells and white blood cells were the most common sediment findings in these 41 voided samples, observed in 34 (83%) and 18 (44%) samples, respectively. Crystals were observed in 15 (37%) samples, whereas casts, bacteria, and red blood cells were observed less commonly.

Ultrastructural changes in murine lymphoma cells exposed to ultraviolet-A radiation

1991 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
pp. 104-105
Author(s):  
Delma P. Thomas ◽  
Dianne E. Godar
Keyword(s):  
Medical Devices ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Consumer Products ◽  
Ultrastructural Changes ◽  
Ultraviolet A ◽  
Uv Spectrum ◽  
Lymphoma Cells ◽  
Murine Lymphoma ◽  
Transmission Electron

Ultraviolet radiation (UVR) from all three waveband regions of the UV spectrum, UVA (320-400 nm), UVB (290-320 nm), and UVC (200-290 nm), can be emitted by some medical devices and consumer products. Sunlamps can expose the blood to a considerable amount of UVR, particularly UVA and/or UVB. The percent transmission of each waveband through the epidermis to the dermis, which contains blood, increases in the order of increasing wavelength: UVC (10%) < UVB (20%) < UVA (30%). To investigate the effects of UVR on white blood cells, we chose transmission electron microscopy to examine the ultrastructure changes in L5178Y-R murine lymphoma cells.

The Effect of Red Blood Cells on the ADP-induced Aggregation of Human Platelets in Flow Through Tubes

1990 ◽  
Vol 63 (01) ◽  
pp. 112-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
David N Bell ◽  
Samira Spain ◽  
Harry L Goldsmith
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Aggregation ◽  
Shear Rate ◽  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Mean Transit Time ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Aggregate Size ◽  
Human Platelets ◽  
Induced Aggregation

SummaryThe effect of red blood cells, rbc, and shear rate on the ADPinduced aggregation of platelets in whole blood, WB, flowing through polyethylene tubing was studied using a previously described technique (1). Effluent WB was collected into 0.5% glutaraldehyde and the red blood cells removed by centrifugation through Percoll. At 23°C the rate of single platelet aggregtion was upt to 9× greater in WB than previously found in platelet-rich plasma (2) at mean tube shear rates Ḡ = 41.9,335, and 1,920 s−1, and at both 0.2 and 1.0 µM ADP. At 0.2 pM ADP, the rate of aggregation was greatest at Ḡ = 41.9 s−1 over the first 1.7 s mean transit time through the flow tube, t, but decreased steadily with time. At Ḡ ≥335 s−1 the rate of aggregation increased between t = 1.7 and 8.6 s; however, aggregate size decreased with increasing shear rate. At 1.0 µM ADP, the initial rate of single platelet aggregation was still highest at Ḡ = 41.9 s1 where large aggregates up to several millimeters in diameter containing rbc formed by t = 43 s. At this ADP concentration, aggregate size was still limited at Ḡ ≥335 s−1 but the rate of single platelet aggregation was markedly greater than at 0.2 pM ADP. By t = 43 s, no single platelets remained and rbc were not incorporated into aggregates. Although aggregate size increased slowly, large aggregates eventually formed. White blood cells were not significantly incorporated into aggregates at any shear rate or ADP concentration. Since the present technique did not induce platelet thromboxane A2 formation or cause cell lysis, these experiments provide evidence for a purely mechanical effect of rbc in augmenting platelet aggregation in WB.

White blood cells levels and PCOS: direct and indirect relationship with insulin resistance, but not with hyperandogenemia

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga Papalou ◽  
Sarantis Livadas ◽  
Athanasios Karachalios ◽  
Nektarios Benetatos ◽  
George Boutzios ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Indirect Relationship
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