scholarly journals Home training recommendations for soccer players during the COVID-19 pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 574-584
Author(s):  
Angelo Melim Azevedo ◽  
Gregory Halle Petiot ◽  
Filipe Manuel Clemente ◽  
Fábio Yuzo Nakamura ◽  
Maxwell Viana Moraes-Neto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Rating Of Perceived Exertion ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Professional Activities ◽  
Home Based ◽  
Tactical Training ◽  
Home Training ◽  
The Postponement ◽  
Isolation Period ◽  
Practical Recommendations

This pandemic of COVID-19 has a major impact on people's lives, and several governments ordered extended quarantine and requested social isolation to contain the spread of COVID-19 and flatten its contagion curve. Soccer practice was also severely affected by these pandemic effects, including the postponement of several championships, which involve large audiences. In Brazil, the professional leagues restart the official matches (e.g., Brazilian National Fourth, Third, Second, and First Divisions Leagues). However, some youth academies have not yet restarted their professional activities. Therefore, home-based training can be a good option in these cases. Here, we outline the benefits of home workouts using a multidimensional approach. First, we provide practical recommendations for physical, psychological, and tactical training. Next, we propose an example of a home training program spanning one weekly microcycle for soccer players, using load control based on the rating of perceived exertion. We highlighted that is crucial to make all these exercises fun and entertaining during the self-isolation period. The home training recommendations discussed and proposed in this research can and should be adjusted by the coaches according to their own ideas and athletes' access to equipment (e.g., treadmills, flywheel training, virtual reality).

scholarly journals Home training recommendations for soccer players during the COVID-19 pandemic

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angelo Melim Azevedo ◽  
Gregory Halle Petiot ◽  
Filipe Manuel Clemente ◽  
Fábio Yuzo Nakamura ◽  
Rodrigo Aquino
Keyword(s):  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Rating Of Perceived Exertion ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Tactical Training ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Home Training ◽  
Video Meeting ◽  
The Postponement ◽  
Isolation Period ◽  
Practical Recommendations

The new coronavirus (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by a newly discovered virus (SARS-CoV-2). This pandemic has a major impact on people's lives, and several governments ordered extended quarantine and requested social isolation to contain the spread of COVID-19 and flatten its contagion curve. Soccer practice was also severely affected by these pandemic effects, including the postponement of several championships, which involve large audiences. This process will be also dangerous for the players in the moment of returning to matches, mainly considering the abrupt spikes in the load that may occur in a very short term (from quarantine to competitive congested fixture periods). Here, we outline the benefits of home workouts using a multidimensional approach. First, we provide practical recommendations for physical, psychological, and tactical training. Next, we propose an example of a home training program spanning one weekly microcycle for soccer players, using load control based on the rating of perceived exertion. We highlighted that is crucial to make all these exercises fun and entertaining during the self-isolation period. In addition, coaches can adopt a video meeting with the players with the purpose to maintain the relationships and clear possible doubts about the workouts. The home training recommendations discussed and proposed in this article can and should be adjusted by the coaches according to their own ideas and athletes' access to equipment (e.g., treadmills, flywheel training, virtual reality). Finally, these recommendations do not apply to athletes showing any symptoms of COVID-19; in such case, self-isolation and complete rest are mandatory.

Relationships Between Rating-of-Perceived-Exertion- and Heart- Rate-Derived Internal Training Load in Professional Soccer Players: A Comparison of On-Field Integrated Training Sessions

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 587-592 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miguel Angel Campos-Vazquez ◽  
Alberto Mendez-Villanueva ◽  
Jose Antonio Gonzalez-Jurado ◽  
Juan Antonio León-Prados ◽  
Alfredo Santalla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Training Load ◽  
Rating Of Perceived Exertion ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Professional Soccer ◽  
Session Duration ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Soccer Training ◽  
Tactical Training

Purpose:To describe the internal training load (ITL) of common training sessions performed during a typical week and to determine the relationships between different indicators of ITL commonly employed in professional football (soccer).Methods:Session-rating-of-perceived-exertion TL (sRPE-TL) and heart-rate- (HR) derived measurements of ITL as Edwards TL and Stagno training impulses (TRIMPMOD) were used in 9 players during 3 periods of the season. The relationships between them were analyzed in different training sessions during a typical week: skill drills/circuit training + small-sided games (SCT+SSGs), ball-possession games + technical-tactical exercises (BPG+TTE), tactical training (TT), and prematch activation (PMa).Results:HR values obtained during SCT+SSGs and BPG+TTE were substantially greater than those in the other 2 sessions, all the ITL markers and session duration were substantially greater in SCT+SSGs than in any other session, and all ITL measures in BPG+TTE were substantially greater than in TT and PMa sessions. Large relationships were found between HR >80% HRmax and HR >90% HRmax vs sRPE-TL during BPG+TTE and TT sessions (r = .61−.68). Very large relationships were found between Edwards TL and sRPE-TL and between TRIMPMOD and sRPE-TL in sessions with BPG+TTE and TT (r = .73−.87). Correlations between the different HR-based methods were always extremely large (r = .92−.98), and unclear correlations were observed for other relationships between variables.Conclusion:sRPE-TL provided variable-magnitude within-individual correlations with HR-derived measures of training intensity and load during different types of training sessions typically performed during a week in professional soccer. Caution should be applied when using RPE- or HR-derived measures of exercise intensity/load in soccer training interchangeably.

scholarly journals Internal and External Training Load in Under-19 versus Professional Soccer Players during the In-Season Period

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 558
Author(s):  
Sullivan Coppalle ◽  
Guillaume Ravé ◽  
Jason Moran ◽  
Iyed Salhi ◽  
Abderraouf Ben Abderrahman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Training Session ◽  
Training Load ◽  
Rating Of Perceived Exertion ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Professional Soccer ◽  
Global Positioning ◽  
External Training ◽  
Soccer Team

This study aimed to compare the training load of a professional under-19 soccer team (U-19) to that of an elite adult team (EAT), from the same club, during the in-season period. Thirty-nine healthy soccer players were involved (EAT [n = 20]; U-19 [n = 19]) in the study which spanned four weeks. Training load (TL) was monitored as external TL, using a global positioning system (GPS), and internal TL, using a rating of perceived exertion (RPE). TL data were recorded after each training session. During soccer matches, players’ RPEs were recorded. The internal TL was quantified daily by means of the session rating of perceived exertion (session-RPE) using Borg’s 0–10 scale. For GPS data, the selected running speed intensities (over 0.5 s time intervals) were 12–15.9 km/h; 16–19.9 km/h; 20–24.9 km/h; >25 km/h (sprint). Distances covered between 16 and 19.9 km/h, > 20 km/h and >25 km/h were significantly higher in U-19 compared to EAT over the course of the study (p =0.023, d = 0.243, small; p = 0.016, d = 0.298, small; and p = 0.001, d = 0.564, small, respectively). EAT players performed significantly fewer sprints per week compared to U-19 players (p = 0.002, d = 0.526, small). RPE was significantly higher in U-19 compared to EAT (p =0.001, d = 0.188, trivial). The external and internal measures of TL were significantly higher in the U-19 group compared to the EAT soccer players. In conclusion, the results obtained show that the training load is greater in U19 compared to EAT.

Technical and Tactical Training Load in Professional Volleyball Players

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
pp. 1338-1343
Author(s):  
Thiago S. Duarte ◽  
Danilo L. Alves ◽  
Danilo R. Coimbra ◽  
Bernardo Miloski ◽  
João C. Bouzas Marins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Training Load ◽  
Technical Training ◽  
Rating Of Perceived Exertion ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Volleyball Players ◽  
Tactical Training ◽  
Training Impulse ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
And Training

Purpose: To analyze the technical and tactical training load in professional volleyball players, using subjective internal training load (session rating of perceived exertion  [SRPE]) and objective internal training load (training impulse of the heart rate [HR]) and the relationship between them. Methods: The sample was composed of 15 male professional volleyball players. They were monitored during 37 training sessions that included both technical (n = 23) and tactical (n = 14) training. Technical and training load was calculated using SRPE and training impulse of the HR. Results: Significant correlations were found between the methods in tactical (r = .616) and technical training (r = −.414). Furthermore, it was noted that technical training occurs up to 80% of HRmax (zone 3) and tactical training between 70% and 90% of HRmax (zones 3–4). Conclusions: The training impulse of the HR method has proved to be effective for training-load control during tactical training. However, it was limited compared with technical training. Thus, the use of SRPE is presented as a more reliable method in the different types of technical training in volleyball.

Effects of a 20-min Nap after Sleep Deprivation on Brain Activity and Soccer Performance

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (14) ◽  
pp. 1009-1016
Author(s):  
Amornpan Ajjimaporn ◽  
Papatsorn Ramyarangsi ◽  
Vorasith Siripornpanich
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Deprivation ◽  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Rating Of Perceived Exertion ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Mean Power ◽  
Auditory Reaction Time ◽  
Normal Sleep ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Leg Muscle

AbstractWe examined effects of a 20-min nap following 3 h of sleep deprivation on brain wave activity, auditory reaction time, the running-based anaerobic sprint test, leg muscle strength and the rating of perceived exertion in male college soccer players. Eleven players underwent three sleep conditions; normal sleep, sleep deprivation and 20-min nap after sleep deprivation. The sleep deprivation demonstrated an increase in the mean power of delta waves over the frontal area and a decrease in the mean power of alpha waves over the parietal area compared to the normal sleep. The nap and the sleep deprivation showed an increase in auditory reaction time compared with those in the normal sleep. The sleep deprivation demonstrated a decrease in the running-based anaerobic sprint test compared to the normal sleep, whereas the nap has partially reversed only minimal power and average power of the running-based anaerobic sprint test. The nap showed a recovery effect on leg muscle strength, but not on the rating of perceived exertion compared with the sleep deprivation. Thus, a 20-min nap after sleep deprivation did not completely return brain activity back to active state and did not entirely reverse the negative impact of sleep deprivation on soccer performance in soccer players.

Effects of Bout Duration on Players’ Internal and External Loads During Small-Sided Games in Young Soccer Players

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 1370-1377 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yusuf Köklü ◽  
Utku Alemdaroğlu ◽  
Hamit Cihan ◽  
Del P. Wong
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Young Male ◽  
Rating Of Perceived Exertion ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Low Intensity ◽  
Playing Time ◽  
External Loads

Purpose: To investigate the effects of different bout durations on internal and external loads of young soccer players during different small-sided games (SSGs). Methods: Fifteen young male soccer players (average age 17 ± 1 y) participated in 2 vs 2, 3 vs 3, and 4 vs 4 SSGs. All games lasted 12 min playing time in total, but each SSG format further consisted of 4 bout durations: continuous (CON: 1 bout × 12 min) or interval with short (SBD: 6 bouts  × 2 min), medium (MBD: 3 bouts × 4 min), or long (LBD: 2 bouts × 6 min) bout durations. During the SSGs, heart-rate (HR) responses and distance covered in different speed zones (walking and low-intensity, moderate-intensity, and high-intensity running) were measured. Rating of perceived exertion (RPE) and blood lactate (La−) were determined at the end of each SSG. Results: The SBD format elicited significantly lower %HRmax responses compared to LBD and CON in all formats (P < .05). The SBD format also showed significantly shorter distances covered in walking and greater distances covered in moderate-intensity running, as well as significantly greater total distance covered compared to LBD and CON in all formats (P < .05). In addition, LBD produced significantly lower La− and RPE responses than SBD and CON in all formats (P < .05). Conclusions: These results suggest that coaches and sport scientists who want to achieve higher internal loads could use SBD and CON timing protocols, while those who want to achieve higher external loads might prefer to use SBD and MBD when planning all SSG formats.

scholarly journals In-season internal and external training load quantification of an elite European soccer team

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Soares Oliveira ◽  
João Paulo Brito ◽  
Alexandre Martins ◽  
Bruno Mendes ◽  
Francisco Calvete ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Training Load ◽  
Rating Of Perceived Exertion ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Soccer Teams ◽  
External Training ◽  
Daily Training ◽  
Player Positions ◽  
Level Of Effort

Elite soccer teams that participate in European competitions often have a difficult schedule, involving weeks in which they play up to three matches, which leads to acute and transient subjective, biochemical, metabolic and physical disturbances in players over the subsequent hours and days. Inadequate time recovery between matches can expose players to the risk of training and competing whilst not fully recovered. Controlling the level of effort and fatigue of players to reach higher performances during the matches is therefore critical. Therefore, the aim of the current study was to provide the first report of seasonal internal and external training load (TL) that included Hooper Index (HI) scores in elite soccer players during an in-season period. Sixteen elite soccer players were sampled, using global position system, session rating of perceived exertion (s-RPE) and HI scores during the daily training sessions throughout the 2015-2016 in-season period. Data were analysed across ten mesocycles (M: 1 to 10) and collected according to the number of days prior to a match. Total daily distance covered was higher at the start (M1 and M3) compared to the final mesocycle (M10) of the season. M1 (5589m) reached a greater distance than M5 (4473m) (ES = 9.33 [12.70, 5.95]) and M10 (4545m) (ES = 9.84 [13.39, 6.29]). M3 (5691m) reached a greater distance than M5 (ES = 9.07 [12.36, 5.78]), M7 (ES = 6.13 [8.48, 3.79]) and M10 (ES = 9.37 [12.76, 5.98]). High-speed running distance was greater in M1 (227m), than M5 (92m) (ES = 27.95 [37.68, 18.22]) and M10 (138m) (ES = 8.46 [11.55, 5.37]). Interestingly, the s-RPE response was higher in M1 (331au) in comparison to the last mesocycle (M10, 239au). HI showed minor variations across mesocycles and in days prior to the match. Every day prior to a match, all internal and external TL variables expressed significant lower values to other days prior to a match (p<0.01). In general, there were no differences between player positions. Conclusions: Our results reveal that despite the existence of some significant differences between mesocycles, there were minor changes across the in-season period for the internal and external TL variables used. Furthermore, it was observed that MD-1 presented a reduction of external TL (regardless of mesocycle) while internal TL variables did not have the same record during in-season match-day-minus.

scholarly journals Associations between Physical Status and Training Load in Women Soccer Players

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (19) ◽  
pp. 10015
Author(s):  
Lillian Gonçalves ◽  
Filipe Manuel Clemente ◽  
Joel Ignacio Barrera ◽  
Hugo Sarmento ◽  
Gibson Moreira Praça ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Vertical Jump ◽  
Training Load ◽  
Rating Of Perceived Exertion ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Load Range ◽  
Change Of Direction ◽  
Fitness Assessment ◽  
Cohort Design ◽  
And Training

This study aimed to analyze the variations of fitness status, as well as test the relationships between accumulated training load and fitness changes in women soccer players. This study followed an observational analytic cohort design. Observations were conducted over 23 consecutive weeks (from the preseason to the midseason). Twenty-two women soccer players from the same first Portuguese league team (22.7 ± 5.21 years old) took part in the study. The fitness assessment included anthropometry, hip adductor and abductor strength, vertical jump, change of direction, linear speed, repeated sprint ability, and the Yo-Yo intermittent recovery test. The training load was monitored daily using session rating of perceived exertion (s-RPE). A one-way repeated ANOVA revealed no significant differences for any of the variables analyzed across the three moments of fitness assessments (p > 0.05). The t-test also revealed no differences in the training load across the moments of the season (t = 1.216; p = 0.235). No significant correlations were found between fitness levels and accumulated training load (range: r = 0.023 to −0.447; p > 0.05). This study revealed no differences in the fitness status during the analyzed season, and the fitness status had no significant relationship with accumulated training load.

scholarly journals Serious Game Platform as a Possibility for Home-Based Telerehabilitation for Individuals With Cerebral Palsy During COVID-19 Quarantine – A Cross-Sectional Pilot Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Talita Dias da Silva ◽  
Paula Lumy da Silva ◽  
Elisa de Jesus Valenzuela ◽  
Eduardo Dati Dias ◽  
Amanda Orasmo Simcsik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Serious Game ◽  
Rating Of Perceived Exertion ◽  
Physical Activity Intensity ◽  
Borg Scale ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Activity Intensity ◽  
Home Based

IntroductionThere is a need to maintain rehabilitation activities and motivate movement and physical activity during quarantine in individuals with Cerebral Palsy (CP).ObjectiveThis paper sets out to evaluate the feasibility and potential benefits of using computer serious game in a non-immersive virtual reality (VR) implemented and evaluated completely remotely in participants with CP for Home-Based Telerehabilitation during the quarantine period for COVID-19.MethodsUsing a cross-sectional design, a total of 44 individuals participated in this study between March and June 2020, 22 of which had CP (14 males and 8 females, mean age = 19 years, ranging between 11 and 28 years) and 22 typically developing individuals, matched by age and sex to the individuals with CP. Participants practiced a coincident timing game1 and we measured movement performance and physical activity intensity using the rating of perceived exertion Borg scale.ResultsAll participants were able to engage with the VR therapy remotely, reported enjoying sessions, and improved performance in some practice moments. The most important result in this cross-sectional study was the significant increasing in rating of perceived exertion (through Borg scale) in both groups during practice and with CP presenting a higher rating of perceived exertion.ConclusionChildren with CP enjoyed participating, were able to perform at the same level as their peers on certain activities and increased both their performance and physical activity intensity when using the game, supporting the use of serious games for this group for home therapy and interactive games.Clinical Trials Registrationhttps://Clinicaltrials.gov, NCT04402034. Registered on May 20, 2020.

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