scholarly journals Modeling the Influence of Surface Free Energy on Moisture Damage of Recycled Asphalt Concrete

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 168-183
Author(s):  
Saad Issa Sarsam ◽  
Rana Khalid Hamdan
Keyword(s):  
Free Energy ◽  
Surface Free Energy ◽  
Sessile Drop ◽  
Permanent Deformation ◽  
Rest Period ◽  
Moisture Damage ◽  
Crumb Rubber ◽  
Shear Stresses ◽  
Recycled Asphalt ◽  
Before And After

Recycling is a sustainable process for restoration of the pavement quality. In this investigation, aged binder was recycled by digestion with (0.5, 1.0, and 1.5) % of polyethylene and crumb rubber. The recycled binder was implemented in the preparation of Marshal specimens. The surface free energy of the control and recycled binder was determined using the Sessile drop method. Specimens were tested under repeated indirect tensile and double punching shear stresses with the aid of pneumatic repeated load system (PRLS). Another group of specimens was tested for moisture damage, then subjected to the same loading sequence. Specimens were subjected to 1200 load repetitions under stress level of 0.138 MPa at 25 °C. The load was sustained for 0.1 second followed by 0.9 seconds of rest period. The permanent deformation was measured before and after moisture damage process for each testing technique. Regression analysis is used to develop a model for the influence of surface free energy on the deformation and the moisture damage using the SPSS Software. It was concluded that the obtained model can explain 82 % of the variation in moisture damage due to the influence of surface free energy.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Physical and Adhesive Properties of Natural Weathering Asphalt

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Yanzhu Wang ◽  
Xudong Wang ◽  
Xingye Zhou ◽  
Guang Yang ◽  
Lei Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Free Energy ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Surface Free Energy ◽  
Sessile Drop ◽  
Crumb Rubber ◽  
Natural Weathering ◽  
Cohesive Failure ◽  
Adhesive Properties ◽  
Modified Asphalt ◽  
Styrene Butadiene

Asphalt suffers from a series of aging processes in the natural environment. This is a significant factor in asphalt pavement diseases. Research of the properties of the decay processes in the natural weathering of asphalt will be helpful in distinguishing the characteristics of the various types of asphalt and in the selection of pavement materials. Neat asphalt A70, a styrene-butadiene-styrene- (SBS-) modified asphalt, and crumb-rubber-modified asphalt AR are exposed to outdoor conditions to weather naturally. This process is traced by testing the basic physical properties and the surface free energy of asphalts, using the sessile drop method. Results illustrate that the basic physical properties of asphalt change significantly during the natural weathering process and that the rubber asphalt has the superior aging resistance, while the neat asphalt A70 has a high aging susceptibility. Furthermore, the presence of the SBS and rubber-powder modifiers transforms the change trend of the surface free energy of neat asphalt. The adhesion work between aggregate and asphalt can be used to quantitatively evaluate the adhesive properties between them. Meanwhile, the presence of moisture between the asphalt and aggregate changes cohesive failure into adhesive failure.

Investigation on surface free energy and moisture damage of asphalt mortar with fine solid waste

2020 ◽  
Vol 231 ◽  
pp. 117140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hengji Zhang ◽  
Hui Li ◽  
Ahmed Abdelhady ◽  
Ming Jia ◽  
Ning Xie
Keyword(s):  
Free Energy ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Surface Free Energy ◽  
Moisture Damage ◽  
Asphalt Mortar

Effect of Crumb Rubber Modifier on Pavement Performance of Wearing Course Asphalt Mixture

2010 ◽  
Vol 168-170 ◽  
pp. 1145-1148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Qiu ◽  
Lan Yun Chen ◽  
Liang Xue
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Permanent Deformation ◽  
Asphalt Mixture ◽  
Moisture Damage ◽  
Crumb Rubber ◽  
Total Weight ◽  
Pavement Performance ◽  
Wet Process ◽  
Low Temperature Cracking ◽  
Improved Performance

The paper investigates the effects of different concentrations of crumb rubber (CR) on the pavement performance of the conventional penetration-grade 80/100 bitumen and the dense-graded wearing course asphalt mixture (AC16). A wet process and 0.6mm size CR were used and the control variables included three types of CR of concentrations 5%,10% and 15% by total weight of binder. The evaluations were twofold. Firstly, a comparison of the basic and rheological properties of those modified and unmodified binders was conducted. Secondly, a comparison of the resistance to moisture damage, low temperature cracking and permanent deformation of the AC16 and CR modified AC16 was performed. The results show that all the CR modified binders and mixtures are found to have improved performance as evaluated by a series of laboratory tests. In addition, among three CR concentrations, AC16 modified with 10%CR by total weight of binder exhibits the most satisfactory performance properties with respect to the resistance to moisture damage, permanent deformation and low temperature cracking.

INFLUENCE OF SURFACE FREE ENERGY ON ADHESION OF CrN THIN FILM DEPOSITED BY AIP METHOD

2012 ◽  
Vol 06 ◽  
pp. 509-514 ◽  
Author(s):  
HIKARU NOUDA ◽  
HIROATSU ODA ◽  
DAISUKE YONEKURA ◽  
RI-ICHI MURAKAMI
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Free Energy ◽  
Surface Free Energy ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Sessile Drop ◽  
Ion Bombardment ◽  
Polar Component ◽  
Scratch Testing ◽  
The Relationship

The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between adhesion of CrN thin film and the surface free energy of substrate. CrN film was deposited on JIS SKH2 high speed tool steel by arc ion plating (AIP) method. The surface free energy of the substrate was measured with/without ion bombardment process using nitrogen and argon gas under various gas flow rate before CrN deposition. The surface free energy was measured by the sessile drop method using distilled water and methylene iodide. The adhesion was evaluated by scratch testing and the relationship between a critical load and the surface free energy in each ion bombardment condition was discussed. As a result, it was found that the adhesion increased with decreasing the surface free energy, in particular the polar component strongly affects the adhesion.

Determination of Surface Free Energy and Contact Angle for Hydrolyzed Shellac

2012 ◽  
Vol 506 ◽  
pp. 270-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Kraisit ◽  
S. Limmatvapirat ◽  
J. Nunthanid ◽  
Manee Luangtana-Anan ◽  
K. Terada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contact Angle ◽  
Free Energy ◽  
Surface Free Energy ◽  
Sessile Drop ◽  
Polar Group ◽  
Sessile Drop Technique ◽  
Hydrolysis Process ◽  
Polar Force ◽  
Drop Technique

The purpose of this research was to determine surface free energy and contact angle of hydrolyzed shellac by using sessile drop technique. It is a method for determination of contact angle by placing a drop of liquid on a substrate and the surface free energy is then calculated by using the Wus equation. The substrate in this study was the hydrolyzed shellac prepared by hydrolysis of the native shellac at various times; 0, 15, 30 and 45 min using 2.0 %w/w sodium hydroxide. Water, formamide and ethylene glycol were liquids used for the investigation of the contact angle and surface free energy. The effect of hydrolysis time tended to reduce the contact angle and increase in the total surface free energy and polar force of hydrolyzed shellac. The result could be due to the breaking of the ester bonds of shellac during the hydrolysis process causing the higher free carboxyl group giving the higher polar group indicating by higher polar force and surface free energy. Therefore, the contact angle and surface free energy detected by sessile drop technique could be of benefit for the determination of hydrolysis process.

scholarly journals Epoxyorganosilane Finishing Compositions for Fibrous Fillers of Thermosetting and Thermoplastic Binders

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 59
Author(s):  
Alexey V. Shapagin ◽  
Natalia A. Gladkikh ◽  
Arkadiy A. Poteryaev ◽  
Valentina Yu. Stepanenko ◽  
Uliana V. Nikulova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Free Energy ◽  
Composite Materials ◽  
Surface Free Energy ◽  
Materials Science ◽  
Sessile Drop ◽  
Inert Atmosphere ◽  
Energy Characteristics ◽  
Urgent Task ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Epoxy Systems

The development of universal finishing compositions for fibers of various natures is an urgent task for polymer composite materials science. The developed finishes can be used for the fiber reinforcement of polymer matrices with a wide range of surface free energy characteristics. Epoxy systems modified with diaminesilane in a wide concentration range were examined by optical interferometry, FTIR spectroscopy, DSC and the sessile drop technique. It was shown that the partial curing of epoxy resin by diaminesilane at room temperature under an inert atmosphere, followed by contact with air, leads to a significant increase of the surface free energy of the system. Varying the concentration of diaminesilane allows us to effectively regulate the surface free energy of the composition. This makes it possible to use fibers finished with epoxyaminosilane compositions in composite materials based on a various thermosetting and thermoplastic binders with a surface tension of up to 75 mJ/m2.

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