scholarly journals Specialized Medical Care for Victims of Chernobyl Accident: Specifics of Organization, Types and Volumes, Leading Classes of Diseases

2020 ◽  
pp. 5-12
Author(s):  
S.S. Aleksanin ◽  
◽  
V.Yu. Rybnikov ◽  
Yu.V. Gudz’ ◽  
K.K. Rogalyov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Medical Care ◽  
Musculoskeletal System ◽  
Chernobyl Accident ◽  
Circulatory System ◽  
Medical Rehabilitation ◽  
Surgical Interventions ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Accident Research ◽  
Radiation Medicine

The purpose of the study is to summarize the experience and identify the features of the organization and provision of specialized medical care (SpMP) to victims of the Chernobyl accident on the basis of the A. M. Nikiforov All-Russian centre of emergency and radiation medicine of EMERCOM of Russia. Materials and methods of research. Materials of the study were the data on types and volume of specialized medical assistance in 2014-2020 on the basis of the Centre; on the leading classes of diseases demanding specialized medical care in remote period to those affected by the Chernobyl accident. Research results and their analysis. 1. The system of organization of specialized medical care for victims of the Chernobyl accident in the framework of the Union State of Russia – Belarus includes 5 main stages: planning, coordination, information and analytical, hospital and final – analytical stages. 2. The main reasons for hospitalization of victims of the Chernobyl accident were diseases of the circulatory system, of the digestive system and of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue. 3. When providing therapeutic SpMP, special attention was paid to the diagnosis and correction of comorbid pathology; when providing surgical SpMP, to individual selection of anesthetic aids, the use of minimally invasive endoscopic surgical interventions and prevention of postoperative complications. 4. The main reasons for medical rehabilitation were diseases of the Central nervous system and sensory organs, diseases of the cardiovascular system, musculoskeletal system and peripheral nervous system.

scholarly journals High-tech medical care for Chernobyl accident survivors: features, profiles, types, amount

2020 ◽  
pp. 5-13
Author(s):  
S. S. Aleksanin ◽  
V. Yu. Rybnikov ◽  
Yu. V. Gudz’ ◽  
G. Yu. Sokurenko ◽  
D. F. Magdanov
Keyword(s):  
Medical Care ◽  
Chernobyl Accident ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Medical Rehabilitation ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Preliminary Treatment ◽  
Radiation Medicine ◽  
Important Basis

Relevance. About 5 million people suffered from the large-scale Chernobyl nuclear power plant (CNPP) accident in 1986, mainly citizens of Russia and Republic of Belarus. Governments of these states and the Union State of Russia-Belarus created on December 8, 1999 have been consistently implementing for many years a set of targeted programs and measures to provide special, including high-tech, medical assistance to the Chernobyl accident survivors. Features, profiles, types and amount of high-tech medical care for the Chernobyl accident survivors need to be summarized and are the basis for improving its budgeting within the Union State. Intention. To identify, on the basis of long-term data, the features, main profiles, types and amount of high-tech medical care for survivors of the Chernobyl accident in 2014-2020.Methodology. There were analyzed 843 medical records of Chernobyl accident survivors who received high-tech medical care in the multidisciplinary clinic N 2 of the Nikiforov Russian Center of Emergency and Radiation Medicine, EMERCOM of Russia (St. Petersburg).Results and Discussion. High-tech medical care for Chernobyl accident survivors implies waiting lists and forecast parameters, preliminary treatment of comorbidities and medical rehabilitation afterwards. Profiles, types, amount of hightech medical care over 2014-2020 are described. Most popular high-tech care included cardiovascular, traumatology and orthopedics and ophthalmology interventions.Conclusion. Data provide an important basis for planning the types of high-tech medical care for the Chernobyl accident survivors within the framework of the targeted activities of the Union State.

scholarly journals COVID-19 Vaccination: From Interesting Agent to the Patient

Vaccines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 120
Author(s):  
Anis Daou
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Circulatory System ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Lead Compound ◽  
Fda Approval ◽  
The World ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

The vaccination for the novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) is undergoing its final stages of analysis and testing. It is an impressive feat under the circumstances that we are on the verge of a potential breakthrough vaccination. This will help reduce the stress for millions of people around the globe, helping to restore worldwide normalcy. In this review, the analysis looks into how the new branch of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) came into the forefront of the world like a pandemic. This review will break down the details of what COVID-19 is, the viral family it belongs to and its background of how this family of viruses alters bodily functions by attacking vital human respiratory organs, the circulatory system, the central nervous system and the gastrointestinal tract. This review also looks at the process a new drug analogue undergoes, from (i) being a promising lead compound to (ii) being released into the market, from the drug development and discovery stage right through to FDA approval and aftermarket research. This review also addresses viable reasoning as to why the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine may have taken much less time than normal in order for it to be released for use.

scholarly journals Delayed development of specific thyroid hormone-regulated events in transthyretin null mice

2013 ◽  
Vol 304 (1) ◽  
pp. E23-E31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie A. Monk ◽  
Natalie A. Sims ◽  
Katarzyna M. Dziegielewska ◽  
Roy E. Weiss ◽  
Robert G. Ramsay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Thyroid Hormone ◽  
Bone Growth ◽  
Circulatory System ◽  
Goblet Cells ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Delayed Growth

Thyroid hormones (THs) are vital for normal postnatal development. Extracellular TH distributor proteins create an intravascular reservoir of THs. Transthyretin (TTR) is a TH distributor protein in the circulatory system and is the only TH distributor protein synthesized in the central nervous system. We investigated the phenotype of TTR null mice during development. Total and free 3′,5′,3,5-tetraiodo-l-thyronine (T4) and free 3′,3,5-triiodo-l-thyronine (T3) in plasma were significantly reduced in 14-day-old (P14) TTR null mice. TTR null mice also displayed a delayed suckling-to-weaning transition, decreased muscle mass, delayed growth, and retarded longitudinal bone growth. In addition, ileums from postnatal day 0 (P0) TTR null mice displayed disordered architecture and contained fewer goblet cells than wild type. Protein concentrations in cerebrospinal fluid from P0 and P14 TTR null mice were higher than in age-matched wild-type mice. In contrast to the current literature based on analyses of adult TTR null mice, our results demonstrate that TTR has an important and nonredundant role in influencing the development of several organs.

scholarly journals Spinal Hemangiopericytoma

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-72
Author(s):  
Antônio Santos De Araújo Júnior ◽  
Arnaldo Salvestrini Júnior ◽  
Pedro Alberto Arlani ◽  
Orlando Parisi ◽  
Mirella Martins Fazzito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Musculoskeletal System ◽  
Posterior Approach ◽  
Evoked Potential ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Cord Compression ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Firm Mass

Introduction: Most hemangiopericytomas (HPC) are located in the musculoskeletal system and the skin, while the location in the central nervous system (CNS) is rare. Objective and Methods: We describe a patient suffering from a spinal extradural huge HPC, with marked spinal cord compression, extending from C6 to T3 level, who was elected to surgery. Results: Patient was submitted to surgery, via a posterior approach, indentifying a huge red-brown firm mass, highly vascular, that was softly dissected from surrounding tissues. Total gross removal was accomplished, with “in-block” resection, preserving neurological function, as shown by somatosensitive evoked potential. Histopathological examination and immunohistochemistry essay were performed confirming the diagnosis of Hemangiopericytoma. Conclusion: Spinal HPCs respond to approximately 8% of all HPC, tend to occur isolated and attached to spinal duramater, and usually present a good surgical cleavage between the tumor and the dura.

scholarly journals SPECIALIZED AND HIGH-TECH MEDICAL ASSISTANCE TO THE VICTIMS OF THE ACCIDENT AT THE CHERNOBYL NPP IN THE FRAMEWORK OF THE UNION STATE

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 89-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. S. Aleksanin ◽  
V. Yu. Rybnikov ◽  
K. K. Rogalev ◽  
Yu. V. Gudz ◽  
S. V. Dudarenko
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Nuclear Power Plant ◽  
Chernobyl Accident ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant ◽  
Medical Rehabilitation ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Medical Assistance ◽  
Chernobyl Npp ◽  
Radiation Medicine

This paper presents the experience and features of the organization and provision of specialized and hightech medical care to victims of the Chernobyl accident in the framework of the activities of the Union State in the Nikiforov Russian Center of Emergency and Radiation Medicine EMERCOM of Russia. It reveals the features of the morbidity, disability and mortality of the injured in the accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant. The paper presents the data on the types and amount of medical assistance provided to victims of the Chernobyl accident for the period from 2007 to 2018 as well as the features of the organization of rendering specialized, including hi-tech, medical assistance and medical rehabilitation to participants of liquidation of consequences of the Chernobyl accident and inhabitants of the radioactively contaminated territories.

scholarly journals Modern Physical Rehabilitation Technologies for Children with Perinatal Lesions of the Central Nervous System

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 57-64
Author(s):  
Maya A. Khan ◽  
Maria S. Petrova ◽  
Maria G. Degtyareva ◽  
Natalya A. Mikitchenko ◽  
Olga U. Smotrina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Physical Rehabilitation ◽  
Medical Rehabilitation ◽  
Psychomotor Development ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Rehabilitation Team ◽  
Perinatal Pathology ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Central Nervous System

The subject of this publication is the medical rehabilitation of children with perinatal lesions of the central nervous system. Currently, the main methodological principles of stage-by-stage medical rehabilitation of newborns, mainly children with the consequencesof perinatal damage to the nervous system, have been determined. Special attention should be paid to the issue of minimal use of medicines in children with perinatal pathology, in this regard, an importanttask is the development and scientific justification of new non-drug technologies of medical rehabilitation, especially in childrenunder 1 year. Medical rehabilitation sets itself the following tasks: stimulation of blood circulation in the brain tissues, improvement of muscle toneby affecting the central nervous system and the peripheral nervous system, activation of neuromuscular transmission processes andimprovement of psychomotor development of a child with perinatal pathology of the central nervous system. Medical rehabilitationof children with perinatal lesions of the central nervous system begins at the earliest possible time and is carried out by specialists ofa multidisciplinary rehabilitation team based on an individual medical rehabilitation program. Aim. To study the results of research conducted by Russian and foreign authors on the issues of physical rehabilitation of children withperinatal damage to the central nervous system and to conduct an analysis of the effectiveness of the proposed technologies. Material and methods. The literature review for this article was conducted from the elibrary, PubMed, Cochrane Library databaseswith a search depth of 10 years. The selection of publications was carried out using keywords: non-drug technologies, perinatal damageto the central nervous system; perinatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, kinesotherapy, neurodevelopmental therapy, massage,thin finger training method, dry immersion, fitball gymnastics, V. Voit therapy; Bobat therapy. Conclusion. Currently, a wide range of non-drug technologies of medical rehabilitation of children with the consequences of perinataldamage to the central nervous system is used such as therapeutic gymnastics, massage, kinesiotherapy with a neuroreflex locomotionaccording to Vojta’s method, Bobath-therapy, massage, etc. The analysis of publications has shown that kinesotherapy and massagein in the complex of rehabilitation measures for children with perinatal lesions allows to increase the effectiveness of rehabilitationmeasures, reduce the severity of motor disorders, and can help reduce the frequency of formation of cerebral palsy.

THE PHARMACOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF THE INSECTICIDE DIELDRIN

1954 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 498-503 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. W. Gowdey ◽  
A. R. Graham ◽  
J. J. Seguin ◽  
G. W. Stavraky
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Circulatory System ◽  
Submaxillary Gland ◽  
Salivary Secretion ◽  
Chorda Tympani ◽  
Vagus Nerves ◽  
Reflex Excitability ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Stimulation Of

The effects of dieldrin (hexachloro-epoxy-octahydro-dimethanonaphthalene) were studied in acute experiments on cats and rabbits. When injected intravenously or intra-arterially, it caused excitation of the central nervous system, which resulted in increased reflex excitability, convulsions, bradycardia, and some vasodepression. Dieldrin potentiated the effects of acetylcholine on the central nervous system and on the circulatory system as well as on intestinal motility. These latter manifestations were abolished by section of the vagus nerves, indicating a central action. Dieldrin had no effect on salivary secretion produced either by stimulation of the chorda tympani or by injections of acetylcholine in the decentralized submaxillary gland. Thus, although dieldrin has a marked parasympathomimetic action, this effect is exerted through stimulation of central mechanisms and not peripherally.

scholarly journals The influence of occupational environment and professional factors on the risk of cardiovascular disease

Medicina ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vytautas Obelenis ◽  
Vilija Malinauskienė
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Circulatory System ◽  
Electrolyte Imbalance ◽  
Vascular Lesions ◽  
Cholesterol Concentration ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
The Central Nervous System

The article reviews the recent scientific literature and the authors’ studies on this topic. Occupational conditions and psychological factors have been shown to play an important role in the etiopathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases. Their effect is often indirect, through damage to the central nervous, respiratory, and neuroendocrine systems. Hot climate in the workplace and intense infrared radiation cause the water and electrolyte imbalance and chronic hyperthermia and manifests as neurovegetative dystonia. The long-term effects of low temperatures condition ischemic lesions in circulatory system, trophic organ destruction. The influence of ultrahigh-frequency electromagnetic radiation on the cardiovascular system is directly related to the central nervous system and neurohumoral lesions. “Microwave disease” often manifests as polymorphic dystonia. Exposure to occupational vibration causes “white finger” syndrome or Raynaud’s phenomenon together with cerebral vascular lesions. Recent studies have confirmed that noise as a chronic stressor causes the imbalance in the central and vegetative nervous systems and changes in homeostasis. Noise increases catecholamine and cholesterol concentration in blood, has an effect on plasma lipoprotein levels, increases heart rate, arterial blood pressure, and risk of myocardial infarction. Psychophysiological changes caused by long-term stress influence constant pathological changes in the central nervous system, endocrine and cardiovascular systems. The long-term effect of psychogenic stressors is very important in the etiopathogenesis of psychosomatic diseases.

scholarly journals Antioxidant Defense Mechanisms in Erythrocytes and in the Central Nervous System

Antioxidants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Franco ◽  
Gemma Navarro ◽  
Eva Martínez-Pinilla
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Defense Mechanisms ◽  
Antioxidant Defense ◽  
Circulatory System ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Antioxidant Defense System ◽  
Age Related ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
High Level

Differential antioxidant action is found upon comparison of organ/tissue systems in the human body. In erythrocytes (red blood cells), which transport oxygen and carbon dioxide through the circulatory system, the most important issue is to keep hemoglobin in a functional state that requires maintaining the haem group in ferrous (Fe2+) state. Conversion of oxidized Fe3+ back into Fe2+ in hemoglobin needs a special mechanism involving a tripeptide glutathione, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, and glucose and NADPH as suppliers of reducing power. Fava beans are probably a good resource to make the detox innate system more robust as the pro-oxidant molecules in this food likely induce the upregulation of members of such mechanisms. The central nervous system consumes more oxygen than the majority of human tissues, i.e., 20% of the body’s total oxygen consumption and, therefore, it is exposed to a high level of oxidative stress. This fact, together with the progressive age-related decline in the efficiency of the antioxidant defense system, leads to neuronal death and disease. The innate mechanism operating in the central nervous system is not well known and seems different to that of the erythrocytes. The strategies of antioxidant intervention in brain will be reviewed here.

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