scholarly journals Influence of Concomitant Injuries on Outcome of Traumatic Brain Injury

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-28
Author(s):  
Md Aminul Islam ◽  
Shamantha Afreen ◽  
Al Amin Salek
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Head Injury ◽  
Prognostic Factor ◽  
Length Of Hospital Stay ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Trauma Patients ◽  
Good Recovery ◽  
Concomitant Injuries ◽  
The Brain

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of death and disability in trauma patients. Patients with TBI frequently sustain concomitant injuries in extra cranial regions. The effect of severe extracranial injury (SEI) on the outcome of TBI is controversial. We retrospectively enrolled 129 patients with head injury Total patients were dichotomized into isolated TBI (n = 90) and TBI associated with SEI (n = 39). The differences in severity and outcome between these two groups were analyzed. Mortality was 8.89 % in the isolated TBI group and 20.28 % in TBI with SEI group (P = 0.0719), but the Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) in terms of Good Recovery (GR) was more in the isolated TBI group (P = 0.0004). Adjusting for age, GCS, and length of hospital stay, SEI was a strong prognostic factor for mortality. It is important to manage not only the brain but the whole body in the treatment of TBI patients with SEI. Bangladesh Crit Care J March 2020; 8(1): 24-28

scholarly journals Animal Models of Post-Traumatic Epilepsy

Diagnostics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristin A. Keith ◽  
Jason H. Huang
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Head Injury ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
Recurrent Seizure ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Post Traumatic Epilepsy ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Underlying Pathophysiology ◽  
Traumatic Epilepsy

Traumatic brain injury is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, with the incidence of post-traumatic epilepsy increasing with the severity of the head injury. Post-traumatic epilepsy (PTE) is defined as a recurrent seizure disorder secondary to trauma to the brain and has been described as one of the most devastating complications associated with TBI (Traumatic Brain Injury). The goal of this review is to characterize current animal models of PTE and provide succinct protocols for the development of each of the currently available animal models. The development of translational and effective animal models for post-traumatic epilepsy is critical in both elucidating the underlying pathophysiology associated with PTE and providing efficacious clinical breakthroughs in the management of PTE.

scholarly journals Impact Of Fibrinogen Level On The Prognosis Of Patients With Traumatic Brain Injury: A Single-Center Analysis Of 2570 Patients

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ke Lv ◽  
Qiang Yuan ◽  
Pengfei Fu ◽  
Gang Wu ◽  
Xing Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Prognostic Factor ◽  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Fibrinogen Level ◽  
Independent Prognostic Factor ◽  
Trauma Patients ◽  
Disease Prognosis ◽  
Time Of Admission ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background: Fibrinogen may play an important role in the survival of trauma patients; however, its role in traumatic brain injury (TBI) and its correlation with disease prognosis remain poorly understood. The aims of this study were to determine the incidence of TBI-associated hypofibrinogenemia in patients with TBI and to evaluate the prognostic value of fibrinogen level with respect to mortality and clinical outcomes. Methods: A total of 2570 consecutive TBI patients were retrospectively studied. Prognostic evaluations were determined using the Glasgow Outcome Score (GOS) assessment 3 months after injury. The shape of the relationship between fibrinogen level and mortality or outcome was examined using cubic spline functions. Logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify the association between fibrinogen level and 3-month functional outcomes.Results: Fibrinogen concentrations < 2 g/L were observed in 992 (38.6%) patients at the time of admission. Multivariate analyses showed that for patients with fibrinogen levels < 2.0 g/L, those levels were an independent prognostic factor for 3-month mortality (odds ratio [OR], 0.91; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.89–0.93; P < .001). By contrast, for patients with fibrinogen levels < 2.5 g/L, the levels were an independent prognostic factor for favorable outcomes at 3 months (OR, 1.654; 95% CI, 1.186–2.306; P = .003). Similar results were also seen for patients with fibrinogen levels > 3.0 g/L, with the levels being an independent prognostic factor for favorable outcomes at 3 months (OR, 0.771; 95% CI, 0.607–0.979; P = .033). Conclusions: Fibrinogen is an independent prognostic factor for clinical outcomes in TBI patients. Maintaining the level of fibrinogen between 2.5 and 3 g/L may improve clinical outcomes in patients with TBI.

scholarly journals Impact of fibrinogen level on the prognosis of patients with traumatic brain injury: A single-center analysis of 2570 patients

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ke Lv ◽  
Qiang Yuan ◽  
Pengfei Fu ◽  
Gang Wu ◽  
Xing Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Prognostic Factor ◽  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Fibrinogen Level ◽  
Independent Prognostic Factor ◽  
Trauma Patients ◽  
Disease Prognosis ◽  
Time Of Admission ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background: Fibrinogen may play an important role in the survival of trauma patients; however, its role in traumatic brain injury (TBI) and its correlation with disease prognosis remain poorly understood. The aims of this study were to determine the incidence of TBI-associated hypofibrinogenemia in patients with TBI and to evaluate the prognostic value of fibrinogen level with respect to mortality and clinical outcomes. Methods: A total of 2570 consecutive TBI patients were retrospectively studied. Prognostic evaluations were determined using the Glasgow Outcome Score (GOS) assessment 3 months after injury. The shape of the relationship between fibrinogen level and mortality or outcome was examined using cubic spline functions. Logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify the association between fibrinogen level and 3-month functional outcomes.Results: Fibrinogen concentrations < 2 g/L were observed in 992 (38.6%) patients at the time of admission. Multivariate analyses showed that for patients with fibrinogen levels < 2.0 g/L, those levels were an independent prognostic factor for 3-month mortality (odds ratio [OR], 0.91; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.89–0.93; P < .001). By contrast, for patients with fibrinogen levels < 2.5 g/L, the levels were an independent prognostic factor for favorable outcomes at 3 months (OR, 1.654; 95% CI, 1.186–2.306; P = .003). Similar results were also seen for patients with fibrinogen levels > 3.0 g/L, with the levels being an independent prognostic factor for favorable outcomes at 3 months (OR, 0.771; 95% CI, 0.607–0.979; P = .033). Conclusions: Fibrinogen is an independent prognostic factor for clinical outcomes in TBI patients. Maintaining the level of fibrinogen between 2.5 and 3 g/L may improve clinical outcomes in patients with TBI.

scholarly journals Impact of fibrinogen level on the prognosis of patients with traumatic brain injury: a single-center analysis of 2570 patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ke Lv ◽  
Qiang Yuan ◽  
Pengfei Fu ◽  
Gang Wu ◽  
Xing Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Prognostic Factor ◽  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Fibrinogen Level ◽  
Independent Prognostic Factor ◽  
Trauma Patients ◽  
Disease Prognosis ◽  
Time Of Admission ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background Fibrinogen may play an important role in the survival of trauma patients; however, its role in traumatic brain injury (TBI) and its correlation with disease prognosis remain poorly understood. The aims of this study were to determine the incidence of TBI-associated hypofibrinogenemia in patients with TBI and to evaluate the prognostic value of fibrinogen level with respect to mortality and clinical outcomes. Methods A total of 2570 consecutive TBI patients were retrospectively studied. Prognostic evaluations were determined using the Glasgow Outcome Score (GOS) assessment 3 months after injury. The shape of the relationship between fibrinogen level and mortality or outcome was examined using cubic spline functions. Logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify the association between fibrinogen level and 3-month functional outcomes. Results Fibrinogen concentrations < 2 g/L were observed in 992 (38.6%) patients at the time of admission. Multivariate analyses showed that for patients with fibrinogen levels < 2.0 g/L, those levels were an independent prognostic factor for 3-month mortality (odds ratio [OR], 0.91; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.89–0.93; P < .001). By contrast, for patients with fibrinogen levels < 2.5 g/L, the levels were an independent prognostic factor for favorable outcomes at 3 months (OR, 1.654; 95% CI, 1.186–2.306; P = .003). Similar results were also seen for patients with fibrinogen levels > 3.0 g/L, with the levels being an independent prognostic factor for favorable outcomes at 3 months (OR, 0.771; 95% CI, 0.607–0.979; P = .033). Conclusions Fibrinogen is an independent prognostic factor for clinical outcomes in TBI patients. Maintaining the level of fibrinogen between 2.5 and 3 g/L may improve clinical outcomes in patients with TBI.

Evaluation of Head Injury Criteria Under Different Impact Loading

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Parisa Saboori ◽  
Shahab Mansoor-Baghaei ◽  
Ali M. Sadegh
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Head Injury ◽  
Linear Acceleration ◽  
Head Injury Criterion ◽  
Injury Criteria ◽  
Head Injury Criteria ◽  
Level 1 ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Peak Value

The Head Injury Criterion (HIC) has been employed as a measure of traumatic brain injury arising from an impact involving linear acceleration. Some investigators have been reported the shortcomings of the HIC regarding the angular accelerations, head mass and the precise threshold of injury level [1, 2]. In this study the effect of acceleration curves, as a frontal impact, and the HIC values on the strain in the brain was critically analyzed. Specifically in this paper, the strains in the brain for three sets of acceleration pulses, where the peak of the curve takes place early or later (advanced or delayed) during the pulse time, were investigated. The results of this study indicate that for two different acceleration pulses, with the same peak value, duration and the same HIC values the strains in the brain are different. Therefore there is a need for further research leading to better criteria or modification of the HIC as it relates to the Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI).

scholarly journals Impact of fibrinogen level on the prognosis of patients with traumatic brain injury: A single-center analysis of 2570 patients

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ke Lv ◽  
Qiang Yuan ◽  
Pengfei Fu ◽  
Gang Wu ◽  
Xing Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Prognostic Factor ◽  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Fibrinogen Level ◽  
Independent Prognostic Factor ◽  
Trauma Patients ◽  
Disease Prognosis ◽  
Time Of Admission ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background: Fibrinogen may play an important role in the survival of trauma patients; however, its role in traumatic brain injury (TBI) and its correlation with disease prognosis remain poorly understood. The aims of this study were to determine the incidence of TBI-associated hypofibrinogenemia in patients with TBI and to evaluate the prognostic value of fibrinogen level with respect to mortality and clinical outcomes. Methods: A total of 2570 consecutive TBI patients were retrospectively studied. Prognostic evaluations were determined using the Glasgow Outcome Score (GOS) assessment 3 months after injury. The shape of the relationship between fibrinogen level and mortality or outcome was examined using cubic spline functions. Logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify the association between fibrinogen level and 3-month functional outcomes.Results: Fibrinogen concentrations < 2 g/L were observed in 992 (38.6%) patients at the time of admission. Multivariate analyses showed that for patients with fibrinogen levels < 2.0 g/L, those levels were an independent prognostic factor for 3-month mortality (odds ratio [OR], 0.91; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.89–0.93; P < .001). By contrast, for patients with fibrinogen levels < 2.5 g/L, the levels were an independent prognostic factor for favorable outcomes at 3 months (OR, 1.654; 95% CI, 1.186–2.306; P = .003). Similar results were also seen for patients with fibrinogen levels > 3.0 g/L, with the levels being an independent prognostic factor for favorable outcomes at 3 months (OR, 0.771; 95% CI, 0.607–0.979; P = .033). Conclusions: Fibrinogen is an independent prognostic factor for clinical outcomes in TBI patients. Maintaining the level of fibrinogen between 2.5 and 3 g/L may improve clinical outcomes in patients with TBI.

scholarly journals CT Scan importance in the first eight hours of head injury

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 766
Author(s):  
Mohammed Alfageeh ◽  
Moneerah Bahran ◽  
Sultan Albargi ◽  
Ibrahim Althomali ◽  
Adnan Alzahrani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Head Injury ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Neurological Deficits ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Adults And Children ◽  
The Brain

Traumatic brain injury following head injury is a major public health problem that can result in significant long-term morbidity and mortality among adults and children worldwide. Emergency brain imaging is necessary for individuals subjected to traumatic brain injury to early detect treatable conditions. Prompt neurosurgical management of treatable conditions can prevent further damage and secondary neurological deficits. This will subsequently improve the outcome and reduce long-term disability. Computed Tomography (CT) of the brain is the investigation of choice for assessment of patients with head injury due to its availability, advantages, and sensitivity for multiple lesions following head trauma. This article will review and discuss the importance of CT imaging in evaluating patients with traumatic brain injury, its advantages, limitations, and prognostic values.

scholarly journals Traumatic brain injury patients at Hospital Universitario del Valle: a 12 months study.

1969 ◽  
Vol 39 (3 Supl 3) ◽  
pp. 25-28
Author(s):  
Francisco Guzmán ◽  
María Claudia Moreno ◽  
Antonio Montoya
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Head Injury ◽  
Functional State ◽  
World Literature ◽  
High Technology ◽  
The World ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Glasgow Score

Introduction: The main cause of death in Colombia is the violence, in which 49% to 70% correspond to traumatic brain injury (TBI). There are publications in Colombia that expose the epidemiology of this national catastrophe, but there are a few studies that follow the neurological-functional state after the head injury on this patient. Objectives: To know the functional state after one year following a traumatic brain injury on patients. Methods: A cohort of patients that were hospitalized on the Hospital Universitario del Valle, Cali, Colombia, with traumatic brain injury between July 2003 and June of 2004. The Glasgow Outcome Score (GOS) scale was apply when the patient leave the hospital, and at the first and twelve month after the brain injury. Results: 2049 patients were include on the study. 83% were men. 53% of them were classified as mild TBI, 31% moderate and 16% severe by the Glasgow Score Scale. The mortality was 13% intrahospital (0.3%, 1.4% y 8% of mortality en mild, moderate and severe respectly), and after a year of TBI the mortality was 14%, and 85% of the patients was on GOS of 4 and 5. Conclusions: The incidences of the variables evaluated on the TBI patients on the present study are similar to the world literature series. After 12 months, the followed up of functional state and the mortality of TBI patients were similar to the data of countries of high technology and developed.

Neurological outcome in patients with traumatic brain injury and its relationship with computed tomography patterns of traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage

2011 ◽  
Vol 114 (6) ◽  
pp. 1510-1515 ◽  
Author(s):  
George K. C. Wong ◽  
Janice H. H. Yeung ◽  
Colin A. Graham ◽  
Xian-lun Zhu ◽  
Timothy H. Rainer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Hong Kong ◽  
Subarachnoid Hemorrhage ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Head Injury ◽  
Prognostic Factor ◽  
Clinical Outcome ◽  
Neurological Outcome ◽  
Maximum Thickness ◽  
Traumatic Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

Object Traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is a poor prognostic factor for traumatic brain injury. The authors aimed to further investigate neurological outcome among head injury patients by examining the prognostic values of CT patterns of traumatic SAH, in particular, the thickness and distribution. Methods The study was conducted using a database in a regional trauma center in Hong Kong. Data had been prospectively collected in consecutive trauma patients between January 2006 and December 2008. Patients included in the study had significant head injury (as defined by a head Abbreviated Injury Scale [AIS] score of 2 or more) with traumatic SAH according to admission CT. Results Over the 36-month period, 661 patients with significant head injury were admitted to the Prince of Wales Hospital in Hong Kong. Two hundred fourteen patients (32%) had traumatic SAH on admission CT. The mortality rate was significantly greater and a 6-month unfavorable outcome was significantly more frequent in patients with traumatic SAH. Multivariate analysis showed that the maximum thickness (mm) of traumatic SAH was independently associated with neurological outcome (OR 0.8, 95% CI 0.7–0.9) and death (OR 1.3, 95% CI 1.2–1.5) but not with the extent or location of hemorrhage. Conclusions Maximum thickness of traumatic SAH was a strong independent prognostic factor for death and clinical outcome. Anatomical distribution per se did not affect clinical outcome.

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