scholarly journals Supplementation Of Concentrate With Different Levels Of Protein On Nutrient Intake, Digestibility And Growth Of Red Chittagong Heifers

1970 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-16
Author(s):  
S Barua ◽  
MJ Khan ◽  
AKFH Bhuiyan ◽  
MN Islam ◽  
SS Islam
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Concentrate Supplementation ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Concentrate Mixture ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Dietary Treatments ◽  
Different Levels

The study was undertaken to investigate the effects of concentrate supplementation with different protein levels on intake, digestibility and growth performance of Red Chittagong (RC) heifers fed urea molasses straw (UMS) based diet. Twelve RC heifers having average live weight of 124.83±43.15 kg and aged between 8 to 14 months were selected for 90 days feeding trial. Animals were divided into four groups having three animals in each and were randomly assigned to four dietary treatments in a Randomized Block Design (RBD). The experimental diets were formulated using urea molasses straw (UMS), German grass (Echinochloa grousgalli) with or without concentrate mix (having different levels of protein). All the animals received UMS ad libitum and German grass at the rate of 20% of total DM intake. In addition to UMS and German grass of control diet T0, animals on diets T1, T2 and T3 were supplied with concentrate mixture at the rate of 10% of DM intake containing 15, 20 and 25% CP, respectively. Average daily DM intake was 2.65, 3.06, 2.62 and 2.86 kg/100 kg LW for diets T0, T1, T2 and T3, respectively and the difference was non significant (P>0.05). The digestibility of DM, CP, EE, NFE and digestible nutrients (DCP, DEE and DNFE) for diets T1, T2 and T3 was significantly higher than those for diet T0. The daily average liveweight gain of RC heifers fed diets T0, T1, T2 and T3 were 100, 275, 333 and 291 g respectively (P<0.01). Concentrate mixture having 20% crude protein may be supplemented at the rate of 10% of DM intake per day for optimum growth of Red Chittagong heifers. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjas.v37i1.9861 BJAS 2008; 37(1): 10-16

scholarly journals Carcass characteristics and sensory analysis of Abergelle goat breed and Abergelle crossbred goat fed hay supplemented with concentrate mixture

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tewodros Alemu ◽  
Alemu Dagnachew ◽  
Alemu Tsegaye
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Concentrate Supplementation ◽  
Carcass Parameters ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Meat Flavor ◽  
Concentrate Mixture ◽  
Dietary Treatments

Abstract The experiment was conducted using 36 intact yearling males of Abergelle breed and Abergelle cross bred goats (50%) with initial live weight of 18.92 ± 0.72 kg (mean ± SE). The objective of the experiment was to evaluate the effect of concentrate supplementation on carcass parameters and meat sensory quality of genotypes. Goat genotypes were blocked based on initial body weight and were randomly assigned to dietary treatments. The experimental design was 2 by 3 factorial in randomized complete block design. The treatments included local grass hay as basal diet and supplementation with concentrate (184, 368, and 552 g/d on DM basis). Effects of genotype and diet were significant on the main carcass parameters (P &lt; 0.05) but genotype did not show effect on edible offal components (P &gt; 0.05). Diet had a significance effect on meat flavor (P &lt; 0.05) but not on tenderness, juiciness, and soup flavor (P &gt; 0.05). Genotype had no effect (P &gt; 0.05) on all sensory attributes. Goats feeding on higher level of concentrate had heavier total edible offal components (P &lt; 0.05) than feeding on lower level of concentrates but not difference between genotypes (P &gt; 0.05). The cross breed goats feeding on higher level of concentrate showed higher percentage of nonedible offal (P &lt; 0.01) particularly gut content, foreleg, and hind leg than pure breed and lower level of concentrate. The digestibility and chemical composition of meat of the genotypes were not addressed in the experiment and hence need to be studied further.

scholarly journals PSIX-34 Effects of corn protein concentrate level in the diets of the weanling piglet on performance, nitrogen balance, visceral organ mass and blood parameters

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 345-346
Author(s):  
Jose Alvear ◽  
Jorge Ron ◽  
Hector Torrealba ◽  
Christian H Ponce
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Dietary Treatment ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Protein Concentrate ◽  
Visceral Organ ◽  
Organ Mass ◽  
Corn Protein ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Dietary Treatments

Abstract An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of corn protein concentrate (CPC) levels on performance, nitrogen digestibility, blood parameters, and visceral organ mass by newly weaned piglets. Forty piglets (6. 9 kg ± 1.2 kg of live weight) were allotted to 4 dietary treatments in a completely randomized block design. Piglets were fed individually 1 of 4 experimental diets containing different CPC levels (0%, 5%, 10% or 15%) during 44 d. Performance parameters were measured weekly. Total fecal and urine samples were collected on d 33 of the experiment for 4 consecutive days to determine N balance. At the end of the feeding period, blood samples were collected to measure blood parameters, and animals were slaughter to determine visceral organ mass. Data were analyzed as a randomized complete block designed using PROC MIXED in SAS. Final BW tended to decrease linearly (P = 0.065) as dietary CPC level increased. Overall, ADG tended to decrease linearly (P = 0.065), and ADFI was significantly reduced (P = 0. 038) as dietary CPC level increased. Nevertheless, FCR was not by dietary treatment (P = 0.1872). There were no differences on nitrogen intake, retention and digestibility across dietary treatments (P &gt; 0. 407). However, there was a tendency to decrease linearly N excretion on urine as CPC increased in the diet. Hematocrit and Serum Urea-N were linearly increased and reduced, respectively as CPC increased in the diet (P &lt; 0. 027). Empty BW at d 44 tended to linearly reduce as CPC increased. Pancreas weight was reduced by inclusion of CPC (linearly; P = 0. 005). In summary, it was demonstrated that, when CPC replaced partially traditional protein sources up to 5% of the diet, performance and N status of the animal are not altered. However, caution should be taken with higher levels of inclusion.

The effect of dried grass and cereal-based concentrate on the voluntary intake of unwilted grass silage

1977 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 227-235 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. A. McIlmoyle ◽  
J. C. Murdoch
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Concentrate Supplementation ◽  
Grass Silage ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Voluntary Intake ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Different Levels

SUMMARYTwo 7 × 7 Latin square experiments were carried out with British Friesian steers (mean initial live weight 360 kg). In Experiment 1 the effects of different levels of dried grass or concentrate on the intake of silage dry matter (DM) were compared, and in Experiment 2 the effect of a supplement containing various proportions of dried grass: concentrate on the intake of silage DM was examined. In both experiments the digestibility of the ration and the rate of passage of digesta were measured.In Experiment 1, supplementation depressed intake of silage DM, the difference being significant (P<0·05) at 5·0 and 7·5 kg/day, but there were no significant differences in silage intake between supplements given at the same level. Intake of silage was also significantly lower (P<0·05) in Experiment 2 when a supplement was offered, but differences between supplements were not significant. Total DM intake was increased significantly (P<00·5) by supplementation in both experiments. Supplementation increased energy digestibility but decreased crude fibre digestibility. In Experiment 1 nitrogen digestibility was significantly lower (P<0·05) with dried grass than with concentrate supplementation, but in Experiment 2 supplementation increased the digestibility of nitrogen. In both experiments the mean retention time was shorter, the time for the highest rate of excretion of stained particles was lower, and the maximum rate of excretion higher for dried grass than for silage.

scholarly journals Characteristics of Egg White Effervescent Tablet with Different Effervescent Mix Concentration

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-64
Author(s):  
Zakiah Wulandari ◽  
D. R. Pamungkas ◽  
Hamasyah Hamasyah ◽  
B. N. Polii
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Egg White ◽  
White Powder ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Organoleptic Characteristics ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Egg White Powder ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Effervescent Tablet

Egg white is one source of protein that has many functions, including as an antimicrobial, antihypertensive, anti-cancer, and this can also be used as a preservative and sweetener. The addition of egg white powder to effervescent tablets with lemon essence is expected to increase protein levels in the tablet. The purpose of this study was to study the physical, chemical and organoleptic characteristics of effervescent tablets by adding egg white powder to the formulation. The study design used a randomized block design (RBD) with the making period as a group. The treatments used were different concentrations of effervescent mix (sodium bicarbonate, citric acid and tartaric acid), that is, 55, 60 and 65%. Data from the test results were tested with analysis of variance (ANOVA), further tests with the Duncan test. The physical characteristics of effervescent tablets with the addition of egg white powder and the difference in the concentration of effervescent mix as a treatment were not significantly different among treatments. The chemical characteristics of egg white effervescent tablets did not change with the treatment concentration of effervescent mix 55, 60 and 65% but the water activity (aw) of the effervescent tablets changed. Increasing the concentration of effervescent mix treatment can reduce the value of aw from 0.58 to 0.50. The addition of albumen powder with different concentrations of effervescent mix resulted in effervescent tablets according to predetermined standards. The organoleptic test results on the overall assessment of egg white powder effervescent tablets were somewhat favorable

scholarly journals Effects of feeding diets containing undelinted undecorticated cottonseed cake on carcass characteristics of gilts

2021 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 100-110
Author(s):  
J. O. Jegede ◽  
T. S. B. Tegbe ◽  
S. O. Ogundipe ◽  
P. I. Rekwot ◽  
S. B. Afolayan
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Free Access ◽  
Cottonseed Cake ◽  
Initial Weight ◽  
Large White ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Dietary Treatments ◽  
Feeding Diets

Twenty four crossbred (Large White X Hampshire) female weaner pigs of average initial weight of 12.6 kg live weight were raised for a period 126 days from weaner to growing-finishing stage of average weight of 71.0kg in a trial in which undelinted undecorticated cottonseed cake (UUCSC) was fed at 0, 10, 20 and 30% of the 18%% or 16% crude protein diets. Animals were randomly assigned to pens on the basis of initial weight group and there were two pigs per pen in a randomized block design trial. Animals were fed 5% body weight and had free access to drinking water Gilts were weighed weekly and the trial lasted for 126 days. Twelve of the gilts were randomly selected and slaughtered for carcass analysis. As a result of this study, slaughter and carcass weights of gilts fed 30% UUCSC diet were significantly higher (P<0.05) than those fed 0, 10 and 20% UUCSC diets. The prime cuts (ham, shoulder and loin) were similar across dietary treatments. There was significant linear (P<0.05) reduction in loin-eye area while the back fat thickness significantly (P<O.05) increased as the levels of UUCSC increased in the diets. The gilts fed 30% UUCSC had significantly (P<0.05) lower liver kidneys and spleen weights as compared to those fed 0, 10and 20% UUCSC diets, Between the lungs and hearts of the gilts there were no significant differences (P>0.05) among them. There was significant linear (P<O.05) increase in stomach dimension while the gut dimensions were similar across dietary treatments. For good carcass quality, 20% UUCSC can be fed to gilts

scholarly journals A NOTE ON THE EFFECT OF FEEDING DIFFERENT LEVELS OF PROTEIN ON THE GROWTH OF WEANED CALVES ON PASTURE

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-131
Author(s):  
J. E. Umoh
Keyword(s):  
Live Weight ◽  
Free Access ◽  
Rhodes Grass ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Low Protein ◽  
Concentrate Mixture ◽  
Chloris Gayana ◽  
Sorghum Grain ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Effect Of Feeding

IN the experiment reported, the effect of feeding different levels of protein, on the performance of young growing calves on pasture, was investigated. Thirty-six calves, mainly Friesian x Bunaji Zebu crosses, of age 3 - 4 months were divided into 3 groups for the concentrate treatments used. The 3 treatments were high protein: low grain feed (HPF), medium protein: medium grain feed (MPF) and low protein: high grain feed (LPF). The dietary protein: grain levels were obtained by mixing groundnut cake (GNC) and sorghum grain, by weight, in the ratios of 75:25; 50:50; and 25:75; respectively. Calves received 1kg DM of concentrate mixture plus free access to Rhodes grass (Chloris gayana) grazing. The average daily live-weight gains of calves were 0.84, 0.75 and 0.87kg for treatments 1,2 and 3 respectively. These did not differ significantly when tested statistically. The results indicate that the lowest of the three protein levels was adequate for the calves for optimum performance in this experiment.

scholarly journals Effect of different levels of concentrate supplementation on the performance of Black Bengal goat

2012 ◽  
Vol 40 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 40-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
MR Ferdous ◽  
MJ Khan ◽  
MA Rashid ◽  
M Kamruzzaman
Keyword(s):  
Live Weight ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Nutrient Requirements ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Concentrate Supplementation ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
Dietary Treatments ◽  
Black Bengal Goat ◽  
Different Levels

Fifteen castrated male goats (12.97±1.46 Kg) aged between 12 and 13 months were used to study the effect of different levels of concentrate supplementation on growth performance and nutrient digestibility in Black Bengal goat under stall feeding. The feeding trial was continued for a period of 75 days where goats were supplied at the rate of 158g DM/kgW.75 /day. The animals were assigned into five dietary treatments: A (Only dal grass as sole feed), B (15% DM from concentrate + 85% DM from dal grass), C (20% DM from concentrate +80% DM from dal grass), D (25% DM from concentrate + 75% DM from dal grass), E (30% DM from concentrate + 70% DM from dal grass). Digestibility of all nutrients was gradually higher (P<0.01) from A to E. Total live weight gain of goats of group A was statistically lowest (P<0.01) than those of other groups. There was also significant difference (P<0.01) among the treatment groups E, D, C and B. Live weight was gradually increase due to gradual increase of concentrate from B to E. Nitrogen balance, carcass yield and net profit of treatment group E was highest (P<0.01) then D, C and B than A. Green grass do not fulfill the appetite and nutrient requirements as a sole feed. Concentrate supplementation is undoubtedly essential to fulfill the nutrient requirements and concentrate can be supplemented upto 30% of required DM to obtain the best result.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjas.v40i1-2.10789Bang. J. Anim. Sci. 2011. 40 (1-2): 40-45

scholarly journals GROWTH RESPONSE OF YANKASA SHEEP TO DIFFERENT LEVELS OF CONCENTRATE SUPPLEMENTATION

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. 19-22
Author(s):  
C. U. OSUHOR ◽  
I. F. ADU ◽  
N. N. UMUNNA
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Growth Response ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Concentrate Supplementation ◽  
Concentrate Mixture ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Daily Gain ◽  
Different Levels

In a study that lasted for 120 days, 20 weaned Yankasa ram lambs aged 6 months and weighing between 10.5 and 14.5kg with an average of 12.75kg were offered a basal Digitaria smutsii hay diet at 2% of body weight. This was supplemented with a concentrate mixture made to supply 14.6% crude protein and 2.6 Mcal ME per kg and offered to treatment groups A, B, C and D at 1, 2, 3, and 4% of body weight respectively. There were five replicates and the animals were fed individually. Results indicated that the differences in Average Daily Gain was significant (P<0.05) between all the treatments; the value increased with increased level of feeding. The cost of effecting one unit of live weight increase was not significantly different (P<0.05) between treatments, A, B, and C, but it was significantly lower (P<0.05) than for treatment D. The low growth response of lambs fed the concentrate at 1% of body weight and the higher cost per unit gain of lambs offered the supplement at 4% of body weight suggested that concentrate supplementation at 2 and 3% of body weight was adequate for optimum liveweight gains in the Yankasa sheep breed. 

Influence of concentrate supplementation on production and reproduction performance of female Black Bengal goat

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. U. Mahfuz ◽  
M. S.D. Islam ◽  
M. R. Chowdhury ◽  
S. Islam ◽  
M. K. Hasan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Live Weight ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Concentrate Supplementation ◽  
Reproduction Performance ◽  
Concentrate Mixture ◽  
Daily Milk Yield ◽  
Black Bengal Goat ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Different Levels

A total sixteen female Black Bengal goats (BBG) considering average live weight were randomly divided into four equal treatments to study the effect of different level of concentrates supplementation on production and reproduction performance of BBG. The animals were assigned to adlibitum green grass and supplemented with different levels of concentrates at 150, 200, 250 and 300 g respectively. Live weight gain, Dry matter (DM) intake, Crude protein (CP) intake were increased significantly (p less than 0.01) with concentrate supplementation. Feed conversion ratio (FCR) and protein conversion ratio (PCR) were not significant on level of concentrate. The value of services per conception, birth weight of kids and growth rate of kids showed a positive effect on level of concentrate supplementation but not significant. Average daily milk yield of doe were increased significantly (p less than 0.01). Supplementation of concentrate mixture with 300 gm could be beneficial for BBG in Bangladesh condition.

172 Effects of Dietary Valine, Isoleucine, and Tryptophan Supplementations to Diets Containing Excess Leucine from Corn Protein on Growth Performance of Growing Pigs

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 61-62
Author(s):  
Woongbi Bi Kwon ◽  
Jose A Soto ◽  
Hans H Stein
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Corn Protein ◽  
Dietary Treatments ◽  
Daily Gain

Abstract An experiment was conducted to test the hypothesis that addition of Val, Ile, or Trp alone or in combination will reduce the negative effects of excess Leu in diets for growing pigs. A total of 288 growing pigs (28.6 ± 2.5 kg) were randomly assigned to 1 of 9 dietary treatments in a randomized complete block design. There were 2 barrows and 2 gilts in each pen and 8 replicate pens per treatment. A control diet based on corn and soybean meal and 8 diets based on corn and a high-protein corn product (48% crude protein) with 2 levels of crystalline L-Val (0 or 0.10%), L-Ile (0 or 0.10%), and L-Trp (0 or 0.05%) were formulated. The crystalline L-Val, L-Ile, and L-Trp increased standardized ileal digestible (SID) Val:Lys from 70 to 80%, SID Ile:Lys from 53 to 63%, and SID Trp:Lys from 18 to 23%, respectively. All diets were formulated to contain 1.00% SID Lys and the 8 diets containing corn protein contained 171% SID Leu:Lys. Individual pig weights were recorded at the beginning and at the conclusion of the 28-d experiment. Data were analyzed using the PROC MIXED of SAS with a pen as the experimental unit. Diet was the fixed effect and block and replicate within block were random effects. Results indicated that final body weight and average daily gain were not different between pigs fed the control diet and pigs fed the diet with Val and Trp addition, but greater (P &lt; 0.001) than for pigs fed the diet with Val addition, Ile addition, Trp addition, Val and Ile addition, Ile and Trp addition, or Val, Ile, and Trp addition (Table 1). In conclusion, addition of Val and Trp to diets with excess Leu may prevent negative effects of excess Leu in diets for growing pigs.

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