scholarly journals Significance of bacterial vaginosis and periodontal infection as Predictors of preterm labor

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 441-449
Author(s):  
Gupta Pratiksha ◽  
Aggarwal Neha ◽  
Huria Anju ◽  
Lehl Gurvinder
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Vaginosis ◽  
Preterm Labor ◽  
Ordinal Data ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Premature Rupture ◽  
Singleton Pregnancy ◽  
Infection Group ◽  
Preterm Premature Rupture ◽  
Periodontal Infection

Aims: To study the relationship between bacterial vaginosis and periodontal infection in third trimester and preterm labor.Settings and Design: The present prospective case control study was conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology from January 2007 to June 2008, Government Medical College and Hospital, Sector 32 Chandigarh in collaboration with Department of Dentistry of the same hospital. Institutional Ethics Committee approval was taken, a written informed consent was taken from the patients.Methods and Material: Antenatal patients after 28 weeks of period of gestation and with singleton pregnancy attending OPD were included. Besides routine antenatal examination, screening and clinical examination for bacterial vaginosis, dental examination for periodontal infection was done. A total of 500 patients were enrolled for the study. Out of the 500 patients examined, 200 patients were randomly selected and divided into 4 groups with 50 women in each. Group 1 was the control group and the subjects were negative for bacterial vaginosis and periodontal infection. Group 2 was positive for periodontal infection. Group 3 was positive for bacterial vaginosis. Group 4 was positive for both bacterial vaginosis and periodontal infection. All these patients were followed up till their pregnancy outcomes.Statistical analysis used: A sample size of 50 patients in each group was calculated to conduct study with a power greater than 80% at a significance level of 5%. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 15.0 for Windows. Bacterial vaginosis and periodontal infection were separately correlated to the preterm birth and perinatal outcome. For ordinal data, groups were compared using Mann Whitney U-test, for continuous data groups were tested for normal distribution using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test and for categorical data groups were compared using the chi-square test. p<0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results: significant correlation was seen between periodontal infection and preterm labor & preterm premature rupture of membranes.Conclusions: significant correlation is seen between periodontal infection and preterm labor & preterm premature rupture of membranes.Key Messages: Prevention and treatment of periodontal infection in third stage of labour prevents preterm births.Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.15(3) 2016 p.441-449

scholarly journals Lower genital tract infections in preterm premature rupture of membranes and preterm labor: a case-control study from Vietnam

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (06) ◽  
pp. 805-811
Author(s):  
Quoc Huy Vu Nguyen ◽  
Hung Nam Le ◽  
Van Anh Ton Nu ◽  
Nguyen Dac Nguyen ◽  
Minh Tam Le
Keyword(s):  
Preterm Labor ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Aerobic Bacteria ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Premature Rupture Of Membranes ◽  
Premature Rupture ◽  
Preterm Premature Rupture ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Control Study ◽  
Group 1

Introduction: This study aimed to determine the incidence of lower genital infections and related factors in preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM) and preterm labor. Methodology: A case-control study was conducted on pregnant women who were admitted to the Hospital of Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Vietnam between November 2017 and May 2019. Cases from 22 to 36 gestational weeks were included as group 1 (patients with preterm labor and intact membranes) or as group 2 (those with PPROM). The control group included women with singleton pregnancies who were matched on gestational age and recruited concurrently with the study cases. Gram stain was perfomed to identify Lactobacillus, Gardnerella, mobiluncus, Candida, and leucocytes. Trichomonas vaginalis was detected by wet mount. Cultures of vaginal secretions and aminotic fluid were performed to identify aerobic bacteria. Results: Bacterial vaginosis was higher in group 1 (28.9%) compared to control (11.4%). The incidence of isolated aerobic bacteria was 44.1% in group 2, 11.1% in group 1, and 12.7% in the control group (p < 0.001). Fungal infection was not shown to be a risk factor for preterm labor (p = 0.990), whereas, bacterial vaginosis was (OR = 3.16; 95%CI = 1.23-8.15; p = 0.016). Isolated aerobic bacteria were associated with premature rupture of membranes (OR = 5.45; 95%CI = 2.11-14.05; p < 0.001). Conclusions: Bacteria vaginosis increased the risk of preterm labor and preterm premature rupture of membranes. Isolated aerobic bacteria were related to PPROM, while fungal infection was not associated with preterm labor.

scholarly journals Cervical ureaplasma colonization affects intraamniotic inflammation in preterm labor with intact membrane: a cohort study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin Gon Bae ◽  
Shin Kim ◽  
Il Seon Hwang ◽  
Ji Min Park ◽  
Jae Hyun Park
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Preterm Labor ◽  
Independent Risk Factor ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Causative Role ◽  
Premature Rupture ◽  
Preterm Premature Rupture ◽  
Intact Membrane ◽  
Histologic Chorioamnionitis

Abstract Background: A causative role between cervical ureaplasma colonization and adverse outcomes during pregnancy has remained controversial. We investigated whether cervical ureaplasma colonization affects the biochemically or histologically intraamniotic inflammation in preterm birth.Methods: Amniotic fluid was retrieved during delivery. Various chorioamnionitis-related cytokines (interleukin (IL)-1β, -6, -8, -10, and tumor necrosis factor-α) and regulators (matrix metalloproteins (MMP)-8 and MMP-9) were measured with Human Magnetic Luminex screening assay. We tested cervical swab specimens using real-time polymerase chain reaction assays for the detection of ureaplasma spp. colonization. Considering the clinical situation that causes intraamniotic infection, we arbitrarily divided into three categories of preterm labor with intact membrane, preterm premature rupture of membrane (PPROM), and control group with no exposure to preterm labor or preterm premature rupture of membrane.Results: The incidence of cervical ureaplasma colonization was 49.3% (136/276). The incidence of histologic chorioamnionitis was 27.5% (76/200). All differences in cytokines and regulators according to histologic chorioamnionitis were significant. Of the 153 cases that experienced preterm labor with intact membrane, IL-10, MMP-8, and MMP-9 levels in the ureaplasma positive group were significantly higher than those of the ureaplasma negative group. According to logistic regression analysis adjusted to preterm labor with intact membrane, PPROM, and gestational age at delivery, cervical ureaplasma colonization was an independent risk factor of histologic chorioamnionitis (odd ratio: 2.622, 95% confidence interval: 1.443-4.766).Conclusions: Cervical ureaplasma colonization augments biochemically intraamniotic inflammation in preterm labor with intact membrane, and was an independent risk factor of histologic chorioamnionitis.

scholarly journals Sildenafil versus Nifedipine Treatment of PRETERM LABOR: RCT

QJM ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 113 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M A Alkady ◽  
M H Mostafa ◽  
R K Elkattan
Keyword(s):  
Preterm Labor ◽  
Normal Pregnancy ◽  
The United States ◽  
Labor Pain ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
P Value ◽  
Term Pregnancy ◽  
Premature Rupture ◽  
Preterm Premature Rupture ◽  
Future Therapy

Abstract Background a normal pregnancy lasts 37 to 42 weeks, counting from the first day of the last menstrual period. A pregnancy that continues beyond 37 weeks is called a “term” pregnancy. Preterm labor is defined as labor that begins before 37 weeks of pregnancy. Approximately 12 percent of babies in the United States are born preterm; 80 percent of these are due to preterm labor that occurs on its own or after preterm premature rupture of the fetal membranes (or “broken bag of waters”). The remaining 20 percent are planned early deliveries that are done for maternal or fetal problems that prevent the woman from being able to safely continue with her pregnancy. Aim of the Work to assess the efficacy of sildenafil for stopping the labor for 48 hrs compared to nifedipine in women with preterm labor. Patients and Methods this prospective study was carried on pregnant women with preterm labor pain at Ain Shams University Hospital from March 2018 till September 2018. Study includes 88 patients which were distributed into two groups: Group S: received Sildenafil to stop preterm labor.Group N: received Nifedipine to stop preterm labor. Results in the present study we found that mean age in group receiving sildenafil (group S) was 26.55 years and in group receiving nifidpine (group N) was 26.75 years with insignificant differences between two groups as regard age p-value 0.798, also as regard. BMI and parity there was insignificant differences between two groups as regard BMI p-value 0.727, 0.815 respectively, Mean Gestational age at admission was 27.1 weeks in group S and in group N was 28.16 with insignificant differences between two groups p-value 0.705. Conclusion administration of Sildenafil in women with preterm labor pain seems to be a promising future therapy of preterm labor with, limiting the teratogenic influence of the drugs on the fetus.

scholarly journals Bacterial vaginosis as a risk factor of preterm premature rupture of membrane (PPROM)

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aanak Agung Gde Putra Wiraguna ◽  
Luh Made Mas Rusyati ◽  
I Dewa Ayu Vanessa Vijayamurthy
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Bacterial Vaginosis ◽  
Control Method ◽  
Fibrous Tissue ◽  
Normal Pregnancy ◽  
Average Score ◽  
Premature Rupture ◽  
Preterm Premature Rupture ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Risk Of Rupture

Introduction: The pathogenesis of PPROM is complex and not fully understood. Recent studies showed that such role of genital tract infection as bacterial vaginosis in the pathogenesis of PPROM turned out to be present. They produce lipase enzymes in which they can form compounds with the fibrous tissue of amniotic membrane resulting in increased risk of rupture of the membrane.Objective This study aims to prove that bacterial vaginosis is a risk factor for preterm premature rupture of membrane.Material and methods: This research used case control method. Sampling was using the consecutive sampling method and had fulfilled inclusion and exclusion criteria with age-based matching, then vaginal swab sampling was conducted, painted with gram staining in the Dermalotogy and Venereology Laboratory of Sanglah Hospital, and Nugent score.Result: Total of 76 pregnant women with 24-36 weeks of gestation were investigated, 38 mothers with PPROM and 38 mothers with normal pregnancy. Average score of Nugent at preterm PROM was 7.18 and in normal pregnancy was 2.37. Bacterial vaginosis risking for PPROM 7 times (OR= 7.0, 95% CI= 1.21-17.68, p= 0.001).Conclusion: Bacterial vaginosis as a risk factor for the occurrence of PPROM.

scholarly journals Pregnancy Outcome in Uterine Anomalies

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-33
Author(s):  
Nagendra Prasad ◽  
James Thingujam
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Pregnancy Outcome ◽  
Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Intrauterine Growth Restriction ◽  
Preterm Labor ◽  
Premature Rupture ◽  
Intrauterine Growth ◽  
Preterm Premature Rupture ◽  
Uterine Anomalies ◽  
Uterine Anomaly

ABSTRACT Maternal with congenitial anomalies are known to have higher incidence of infertility, intrauterine growth restriction, fetal malposition, preterm labor, preterm premature rupture of membrane and increased cesaerean section rate. Study Design This is retrospective study, the pregnancies with uterine anomaly confirmed by ultrasound between Jan 2016 to jan 2017 at our hospital was taken and its outcome is observed. Reults The majority of preterm delivery in our study are mainly associated with septate and bicornuate uterus. Cesaerean section comprised of 80% and its major indication is due to fetal malpresentation (breech). Thus Pregnancy outcomes of individual depending on the type of uterine anomalies. How to cite this article Nagarathnamma R, James T, Prasad N. Pregnancy Outcome in Uterine Anomalies. J Med Sci 2017;3(1):31-33.

The Association between Shirodkar Cerclage and Preterm Premature Rupture of Membranes in Singleton Pregnancies

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto Muniz Rodriguez ◽  
Andrew Pastor ◽  
Nathan S. Fox
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Premature Rupture Of Membranes ◽  
Premature Rupture ◽  
Preterm Premature Rupture ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Uterine Anomalies ◽  
Underlying Risk ◽  
Singleton Pregnancies

Objective The aim of this study was to estimate if preterm premature rupture of membranes in women with cerclage is due to the cerclage itself or rather the underlying risk factors for preterm birth in this population. Study Design This was a retrospective cohort study of singleton pregnancies who underwent Shirodkar cerclage by a single maternal–fetal medicine practice between 2005 and 2019. The control group was an equal number of randomly selected women with a singleton gestation who had a prior preterm birth and were treated with 17-OH-progesterone but no cerclage. Patients with major uterine anomalies or fetal anomalies were excluded. The primary outcome was preterm premature rupture of membranes prior to 34 weeks. Chi-square and logistic regression were used. Results A total of 350 women with cerclage (154 [44%] history-indicated, 137 [39%] ultrasound-indicated, and 59 [17%] exam-indicated) and 350 controls were included. Preterm premature rupture of membranes prior to 34 weeks did not differ between the groups (8.9% in cerclage vs. 6.0% in controls, p = 0.149, adjusted odds ratio 0.62, 95% confidence interval: 0.24–1.64) nor between the different cerclage indications (9.1% of history-indicated, 7.3% of ultrasound-indicated, and 11.9% of exam-indicated, p = 0.582). This study had 80% power with an α error of 0.05 to detect an increase in preterm premature rupture of membranes prior to 34 weeks from 6.0% in the control group to 12.0% in the cerclage group. Conclusion Cerclage does not increase the risk of preterm premature rupture of membranes prior to 34 weeks compared with other women at increased risk of preterm birth. The observed association between cerclage and preterm premature rupture of membranes is likely due to underlying risk factors and not the cerclage itself. The risk of preterm premature rupture of membranes prior to 34 weeks in women with cerclage is 10% or less and does not appear to differ based on cerclage indication. Key Points

Maternal Serum Haptoglobin Levels as a Marker of Preterm Premature Rupture of Membranes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gul Nihal Buyuk ◽  
Z.Asli Oskovi-Kaplan ◽  
Huseyin Durukan
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Maternal Serum ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Premature Rupture ◽  
Roc Curve Analysis ◽  
Membrane Rupture ◽  
Preterm Premature Rupture ◽  
Serum Haptoglobin ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Objective We aimed to investigate the prognostic value of maternal serum haptoglobin levels in patients presenting with preterm premature rupture of fetal membranes (PPROM) during the second and the third trimesters of pregnancy. Methods In this case control study, 60 patients were recruited (30 pregnant women with PPROM between 26–34 weeks of gestation and 30 healthy, gestational-age-matched pregnant women without PPROM). White blood cell count (WBC), interleukin 6 (IL-6), C-reactive protein (CRP), sedimentation rate, and haptoglobin levels were measured. Results The mean age, gestational week, gravida, and parity of the 2 groups were statistically comparable (P>0.001). There was a statistically significant difference between the 2 groups in terms of haptoglobin values (p<0.001). The mean haptoglobin level was 115.5+33.1(mg/dl) in the PPROM group and 66.5+42.6 (mg/dl) in the control group. ROC curve analysis was performed to determine whether the level of haptoglobin alone could diagnose PPROM as an independent marker. It was shown that the level of 94.5 mg/dL for haptoglobin could indicate the diagnosis of PPROM with 80% sensitivity and specificity Conclusion Maternal serum haptoglobin levels may be a diagnostic marker for suspected PPROM cases when membrane rupture diagnosis is not accurate based on physical examination and other diagnostic tests.

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