scholarly journals Serum Lead Level and Polyneuropathy among Bangladeshi Patients

2015 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 65-69
Author(s):  
Swapon Kumar Ghose ◽  
Kazi Gias Uddin Ahmed ◽  
Ahmed Hossian Chowdhury ◽  
ATM Hasibul Hasan ◽  
Kanol Saha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Lead Level ◽  
Lead Level ◽  
Blood Lead ◽  
Acute Type ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Acute Polyneuropathy ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Medical University ◽  
Male To Female

Background: Heavy metals may produce various symptoms among the exposed, of which polyneuropathy is a matter of real concern. Our aim was to determine the pattern and association between polyneuropathy and blood lead level. Methods: This case control study was done in the department of Neurology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka in collaboration with Bangladesh Atomic Energy Centre from July 2001 to June 2002. The lead concentration in the blood was detected by Xray fluorescence (XRF) technique. Nerve conduction study and CSF examination were done among the cases. Result: Data were collected from 92 respondents, of whom cases and controls were equal in number with a male to female ratio of 8.17:1. Mean age of the cases and controls were 30.87 +14.53 years and 30.91+ 12.03 years respectively. Among the cases, 55% had sub acute type of polyneuropathy, followed by acute and chronic type of polyneuropathy among 30% and 15% respondants respectively. The mean CSF protein level was 112.00 + 65.04 gm/L. The mean CSF protein was higher in acute polyneuropathy than in subacute and chronic cases (p<.001). The mean blood lead level among cases was 45.5587 with a standard deviation (SD) of +35.2625 and among control were 33.2065 with a SD of +5.6793. The difference was statistically significant (p= 0.021). Bangladesh Journal of Neuroscience 2015; Vol. 31 (2): 65-69

scholarly journals The effects of vitamin D on albuminuria relative to blood lead in patients with type 2 diabetes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bin Wang ◽  
Heng Wan ◽  
Jing Cheng ◽  
Yingchao Chen ◽  
Yuying Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Blood Lead Level ◽  
Lead Level ◽  
Blood Lead ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Urinary Albumin ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Environmental Lead ◽  
The Difference

Abstract Background: Environmental lead exposure has been linked with reduced kidney function. However, evidence about its role in diabetic kidney damage, especially when considering the nutritional status of vitamin D, is sparse. Methods: This observational study comprised 4,033 diabetic patients from seven communities in Shanghai, China. The associations of blood lead with urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR) and albuminuria, defined as UACR ≥30 mg/g, according to serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels were analyzed using linear and Poisson regression models, respectively. Results: A doubling of blood lead level was associated with a 10.7% higher UACR (95% CI, 6.19% to 15.5%) in diabetic patients with 25(OH)D <50 nmol/L, whereas the estimate declined to 2.03% (95% CI, −5.18% to 9.78%) in those with 25(OH)D ≥50 nmol/L. The difference in the association for albuminuria prevalence was also observed between the two groups, with risk ratios of 1.09 (95% CI, 1.03–1.15) and 0.99 (95% CI, 0.86–1.14) per doubling of blood lead level, respectively. Furthermore, the increment of UACR in relation to blood lead appeared to be two times higher in patients with 25(OH)D <50 nmol/L and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) <60 mL/min/1.73 m2 than those with eGFR ≥60 mL/min/1.73 m2. While in patients with 25(OH)D ≥50 nmol/L, there was no association between blood lead and UACR regardless of eGFR category. Conclusions: Higher blood lead levels were associated with increased urinary albumin excretion in diabetic patients with vitamin D deficiency, which became more pronounced in the presence of reduced eGFR. Further prospective studies are needed to validate our findings and to determine whether vitamin D supplementation yields a benefit.

scholarly journals Saliva as a matrix for biomonitoring of occupational and environmental exposure to lead

Biomonitoring ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jackie Morton ◽  
Elizabeth Leese ◽  
Anne-Helen Harding ◽  
Kate Jones ◽  
Ovnair Sepai
Keyword(s):  
Blood Lead Level ◽  
Lead Level ◽  
Blood Lead ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Icp Ms ◽  
Occupational And Environmental Exposure ◽  
Lead Levels ◽  
Exposure Levels ◽  
Lead Workers ◽  
The Mean

AbstractBackground: To evaluate whether salivary lead can be used as a surrogate for blood lead, and if so, over what concentration range.Methodology: Three saliva devices were evaluated and one chosen to undertake this project. Paired saliva and blood samples were collected from 89 UK lead workers. Lead concentrations were determined using ICP-MS. In addition, haemoglobin and ZPP levels were determined in the blood samples and albumin was determined in the saliva samples to investigate standardisation using protein adjustments.Results: The chosen saliva device gave low but consistent recoveries for lead in saliva and the blank levels were low. The mean +/- SD blood lead level was 19.9 +/- 14 μg/dl; the mean +/- SD saliva lead level was 19.1 +/- 32.5 μg/l for 89 workers. Log10-transformed data showed correlation of r=0.69. The protein adjustments did not improve the blood-saliva correlation.Conclusions: This study has demonstrated that salivary lead measurement is feasible and correlated with blood lead levels, at least at occupational exposure levels, and may have value as a screening technique. Correlation may improve at environmental levels where exposures are generally more consistent and chronic, although this needs to be demonstrated in a genuine environmental population.

scholarly journals Clinical and Socio-Demographic Pattern of Beta Thalassaemia in Bangladesh

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-7
Author(s):  
Adnan Hasan Masud ◽  
Md. Kamrul Hasan ◽  
Saradindu Kanti Sinha ◽  
Kazi Mohammad Kamrul Islam ◽  
Md. Jalilur Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Beta Thalassaemia ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Hb Concentration ◽  
Medical University ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospitals ◽  
Male To Female

Beta thalassaemia is one of the most prevalent haemolytic disorders worldwide which poses serious economic burden to the society. Study on clinical and demographic pattern of this disorder will help the concern authorities to figure out the problem. This cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out to determine the socio-demographic and clinical characteristics as well as to find out the existence of other co-morbidities among the ?-thalassaemic patients (n-101). The study was carried out at the Department of Haematology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU) from June 2010 to January 2011. Data were collected from 3 tertiary care hospitals of Dhaka city. Almost all the patients were young, age ranged from 10 to 32 years with the mean age of 16. Male to female ratio was almost equal (52.5:47.5) and 80% of the respondents were Muslims. Forty-five (45%) percent of patients were illiterate and 37% respondents had primary education only. Almost 90% were unmarried and majority had a family of 6-8 members. Forty-seven percent (47%) of patients had monthly income 5000-7000 BDT and 56% of the respondents were unemployed. The major clinical features were pallor (72.3%), palpitation (60%), and breathlessness (52.5%). The haemoglobin (Hb) concentration ranged from 7gm/dl to 12gm/dl and 57% patients had an Hb concentration of 8 gm/dl. Sixty percent of the respondents had jaundice with majority had enlarged spleen (86%) and some had enlarged liver too (23%). Ninety percent (90%) respondents had co-morbidities among which arrhythmia is more prevalent (54%).

scholarly journals Blood Lead Level among school children in an Industrial city of Nepal

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 1091-1094 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Gautam ◽  
S Pradhan ◽  
V Thuppil ◽  
D Pyakurel ◽  
A Shrestha
Keyword(s):  
Blood Lead Level ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Lead Level ◽  
Blood Lead ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Industrial City ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
High Level

Background: Widespread use of lead has caused extensive environmental contamination and health problems in many parts of the world. Children are particularly vulnerable and even relatively low levels of exposure can cause serious health conditions. Our objective was to determine the prevalence of blood lead level in children in industrial city of Nepal, Birgunj.Materials and Methods: The cross sectional study was done on 50 school going student in Birgunj city, Nepal from November 2016 to January 2017. Questionnaire was used to collect data. Capillary blood was drawn and Blood Lead Level was measured immediately. SPSS ver. 22 was used to analyze the data.Results: The mean age of children in study was 12.5 ± 1.11 years.Among 50 children, 54% were male and 46% were female. The mean blood lead level was 20.33±9.36 μg/dl (male 21.08±8.87μg/dl, female 19.46±10.92 μg/dl). All the children in the study have elevated blood lead level and 84% of them have >10 μg/dl. About 26% of children have blood lead level between 15-20 μg/dl, 12% have level 20-25 μg/dl and 4% of them have more than 35 μg/dl.Conclusion: The prevalence of blood lead level in children from the industrial city of Nepal is alarmingly high. Children exposed with chipped paints have high level of blood lead level. However, further study in large population is required to address the current situation regarding the lead exposure to children.  

Neurological Changes of Adults Residing in Lead Exposed Environment of Myeik Township

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-64
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Cognitive Ability ◽  
Blood Lead Level ◽  
Lead Level ◽  
Blood Lead ◽  
Dominant Hand ◽  
Santa Ana ◽  
Lower Blood ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Psychomotor Ability

Lead crosses blood brain barrier and adversely affects the cognitive function, causing impairment of neuropsychological functions. Most of the lead poisonings are asymptomatic and subclinical cases. A cross-sectional analytical study was designed to assess the neurological changes of adults, aged between 20 to 45 years old, residing in lead exposed environment of Myeik Township. The study focused on the cognitive and psychomotor ability of people who lived in those areas at least one year. A total of 95 subjects were interviewed by using the structured questionnaires for assessment of cognitive and psychomotor ability by well-trained researchers. The mean age of all participants was 32.7±8.5 years. The average duration of stay in these areas was approximately 20 years (maximum duration=47 years). The blood lead level was measured by graphite furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. The mean blood lead level of all participants was 19.91±1.8 µg/dl. All the participants were divided into two groups: lower blood lead group (blood lead <10 µg/dl) (n=37) and higher blood lead group (blood lead ≥10 µg/dl) (n=58). The cognitive function was assessed by using three subtests (digit span, visual memory and paired associate learning) from the General Memory Scale. The mean scores were (10.51± 2.0, 5.59±0.5 and 20.01±8.3) in lower blood lead and (9.55±1.8, 5.12±0.7 and 15.23±5.2) in higher lead group, respectively. In addition, the mean total score of cognitive ability test in lower blood lead group was (36.12±9.5) and higher group was (29.90±5.8). All 3 test scores and total scores were significantly lower in higher blood lead group and it could be concluded that the higher the blood lead level, the lower the cognitive ability. To assess psychomotor ability, we used digit symbol, Bourdon-Wiersma vigilance tests and Santa-Ana dexterity test. Among these three tests, the mean scores of Santa-Ana dexterity test (dominant hand) was significantly longer duration (54.40±10.9 vs. 59.46±10.18) in higher blood lead group than in lower blood lead group. All these findings pointed out that lead intoxication would reduce not only cognitive ability but also psychomotor ability

scholarly journals HUBUNGAN KADAR TIMBAL DALAM DARAH DENGAN JUMLAH ERITROSIT PADA SISWA SEKOLAH DASAR (Studi di SD Negeri Grinting 01 Kecamatan Bulakamba Kabupaten Brebes Jawa Tengah)

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 42
Author(s):  
Eni Maskinah Maskinah
Keyword(s):  
Blood Lead Level ◽  
Lead Level ◽  
Lead Toxicity ◽  
Blood Lead ◽  
Human Infant ◽  
Observational Research ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
The Mean

Title: The Association Between Blood Lead Levels and Eryhrocyte Counts in Elementary School Students.Background: Lead is a heavy metal that can cause both acute and chronic toxicity to human. Infant and children are usually more sensitive to lead toxicity than adults. The data of CDC (Centre for Desease Control and Prevention) showed that 49% of lead poisoning cases were happened to children with the age of under six year. Lead is known to affect the hematologic system by interfering with heme synthesis and caused anaemia. The aim of this research was to identify the association between blood lead level (BLL) and erythrocyte counts.Method: This research was an observational research using the analytical approach and cross sectional design with 52 students participated in purposive sampling. Blood level as the independent variable and the dependent variable was erythrocyte counts.Results: The research results showed that the mean of BLL was 31,52 µg/dl, the minimum value is 11,6 µg/dl and the maximum value is 48,89 µg/dl. The mean of erythrociyte count was 4,72x 1012/L. Chi Square Test showed that the value of p >0,05, (PR=0,84, 95% CI=0,27-2,63) meaning that there was no association between blood lead level and erythrocyte counts.Conclusion: The children have been exposed to lead according to standards set by CDC, which 5 µg/dl average 31,52 µg/dl. There was no association between blood lead level and erythrocyte counts (p>0.05).  

scholarly journals A Comparative Study on Efficacy of Methotrexate and Sulphasalazine in Spondyloarthropathies

2011 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-47
Author(s):  
NS Afsar ◽  
MMN Khan ◽  
MMH Chowdhury ◽  
SA Haq ◽  
M Khalilur Rahman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Disease Duration ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Male Female Ratio ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Medical University ◽  
Active Disease

Background: Spondyloarthropathies include a wide spectrum of disease. The study was conducted with the aim of observing the efficacy of SSZ and MTX in different subclasses of spondyloarthropathies and to compare the treatment response of the two drugs. Methods: This study was conducted in the Department of Medicine and Rheurnatology clinic of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU) between January 1999 and July 2001.A total number of one hundred twenty five patients was included in the study. Patients with active disease more than three months, regularly taking NSAIDs and not on DMARD in the last three months were included in the study. Monthly follow up of the patients was done for 6 months. Result: One hundred twenty five patients were included in this study. Male female ratio was 11.5:1. Mean age of patients was 24.17±7.15 years. The mean disease duration was 47.8±32.8 months. The present study categorized the patients into responder and non responder. Among the 78 patients in AS subclass, after completion of 6 month trial 55.6% patients in SSZ group and 39.4% patients in MTX group were categorized responder. The difference of response between drug groups was not significant (p=0.158). In the JCA subclass 81.82% in SSZ and 50% in MTX group were responder. The numbers of patient in Reiter's/Reactive Arthritis in our study were too small to make a definite comment. Conclusion: It can be concluded from this study that both the SSZ and MTX are effective DMARDs for spondyloarthropathies. Statistical analysis did not prove superiority of one drug over another, though the response rates were numerically higher in SSZ group. TAJ 2011; 24(1): 43-47

scholarly journals Blood lead level and risk of hypertension in the United States National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999–2016

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Man Fung Tsoi ◽  
Chris Wai Hang Lo ◽  
Tommy Tsang Cheung ◽  
Bernard Man Yung Cheung
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Lead Exposure ◽  
Blood Lead Level ◽  
Lead Level ◽  
Blood Lead ◽  
The United States ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Blood Lead Levels ◽  
Environmental Lead ◽  
Lead Levels

AbstractLead is a heavy metal without a biological role. High level of lead exposure is known to be associated with hypertension, but the risk at low levels of exposure is uncertain. In this study, data from US NHANES 1999–2016 were analyzed. Adults with blood lead and blood pressure measurements, or self-reported hypertension diagnosis, were included. If not already diagnosed, hypertension was defined according to the AHA/ACC 2017 hypertension guideline. Results were analyzed using R statistics version 3.5.1 with sample weight adjustment. Logistic regression was used to study the association between blood lead level and hypertension. Odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) were estimated. Altogether, 39,477 participants were included. Every doubling in blood lead level was associated with hypertension (OR [95%CI] 1.45 [1.40–1.50]), which remained significant after adjusting for demographics. Using quartile 1 as reference, higher blood lead levels were associated with increased adjusted odds of hypertension (Quartile 4 vs. Quartile 1: 1.22 [1.09–1.36]; Quartile 3 vs. Quartile 1: 1.15 [1.04–1.28]; Quartile 2 vs. Quartile 1: 1.14 [1.05–1.25]). In conclusion, blood lead level is associated with hypertension in the general population with blood lead levels below 5 µg/dL. Our findings suggest that reducing present levels of environmental lead exposure may bring cardiovascular benefits by reducing blood pressure.

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