scholarly journals Utility of Serum Copper Level Estimation in Patients Suffering from Alzheimer’s Disease

2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 96-102
Author(s):  
Dewan Mushfiqur Rahman ◽  
SK Mahbub Alam ◽  
Shamshad B Quraishi ◽  
Imran Sarker ◽  
Md Rafiqul Islam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Serum Copper ◽  
High Serum ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Copper Level ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Serum Copper Level ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
And Control

Background: Alzheimer’s disease is the most common cause of dementia. Metals such as zinc , copper, iron are likely involved in the neurodegeneration of Alzheimer’s disease . Copper can catalyze a flux of reactive oxygen species that can damage functional and structural macromolecules in brain. Most studies found association of high serum copper level with Alzheimer’s disease but also some studies did not. Methods: Total 48 patients of Alzheimer’s disease who were diagnosed according to NIA-AA ( National institute of Aging – Alzheimer’s Association) recommendation ( revised NINCDS-ADRDA) criteria were taken as study population purposively and 42 age and sex matched control were selected. Fasting serum copper level were done for both groups. Comparison of serum copper level of Alzheimer’s patients with that of the control group were done to see association. Results : A total of 28 male and 20 female with mean age of 66.20 ± 9.42 (mean±SD) years, 22 male and 20 female with mean age of 63.54 ± 9.74 (mean±SD) years constituted as case and control groups, respectively. The mean of serum copper in case and control groups were 0.95 ± 0.37 versus 0.92 ± 0.25 mg/L (P > 0.05). The present study found that serum copper levels are non-significantly higher in patients with AD than control group, however it did not show a significant relationship with severity of dementia. Conclusion: So our suggestion was to perform a study work including total serum copper level , serum ceruloplasmin level and free serum copper level comparing between a large Alzheimer’s Disease patients group and age , sex matched apparently healthy control group to understand the copper dyshomeostasis in Alzheimer’ Disease. Bangladesh Journal of Neuroscience 2017; Vol. 33 (2): 96-102

scholarly journals Effects of Hand Exercise on Eating Action in Patients With Alzheimer’s Disease

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li-Li Chen ◽  
Hong Li ◽  
Xiao-Huan Chen ◽  
Shuang Jin ◽  
Qiu-Hua Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Nursing Home ◽  
Exercise Group ◽  
Effective Intervention ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Daily Routine ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
And Control

We aim to investigate whether a popular hand exercise could be used to improve the action of eating in patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD). A 6-month intervention was conducted in 60 patients with AD who live in a nursing home. They were divided into hand exercise and control groups. Patients of the control group maintained their daily routine. The improvement of Edinburgh Feeding Evaluation in Dementia scale in hand exercise group was significantly greater than in the control group ( P = .003). Significant differences in time of autonomous eating and time of simulated eating between patients in the hand exercise and control groups ( P < .05) were noted. The improvements in accuracy of eating action and coordination of eating action from baseline were significant in hand exercise group compared to the control group ( P = .020 and .014, respectively). Hand exercise is a safe and effective intervention to improve the feeding and eating of people with AD.

scholarly journals Alexithymia in Alzheimer’s Disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 44
Author(s):  
Eva Mª Arroyo-Anlló ◽  
Corinne Souchaud ◽  
Pierre Ingrand ◽  
Jorge Chamorro Sánchez ◽  
Alejandra Melero Ventola ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Mood State ◽  
Neuropsychological Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Control

Alexithymia is widely recognized as the inability to identify and express emotions. It is a construct which consists of four cognitive traits such as difficulty in identifying feelings, describing feelings to others, externally oriented thinking, and limited imaginative capacity. Several studies have linked alexithymia to cognitive functioning, observing greater alexithymia scores associated with poorer cognitive abilities. Despite Alzheimer’s disease (AD) being a neurodegenerative pathology characterized by cognitive troubles from the early stages, associated to behavioral and emotional disturbances, very few investigations have studied the alexithymia in AD. These studies have shown that alexithymia scores—assessed with Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS)—were greater in AD patients than healthy participants. The objective of the study was to investigate if the alexithymia was present in patients with mild AD. We hypothesized that the AD group would show more alexithymia features than the control group. We evaluated 54 subjects, including 27 patients diagnosed with mild AD and 27 normal healthy controls, using the Shalling Sifneos Psychosomatic Scale (SSPS-R) and a neuropsychological test battery. Using non-parametric statistical analyses—Wilcoxon and Mann–Whitney U tests—we observed that the SSPS-R scores were similar in the AD and control groups. All participants showed SSPS-R scores below to 10 points, which means no-alexithymia. We did not find significant correlations between SSPS-R scores and cognitive variables in both groups (p > 0.22), but we observed a negative association between name abilities and alexithymia, but it does not reach to significance (p = 0.07). However, a significant correlation between SSPS-R score and mood state, assessed using Zerssen Rating Scale, was found in both groups (p = 0.01). Because we did not find a significant difference in the alexithymia assessment between both subject groups, pot hoc analyses were computed for each item of the SSPS-R. We made comparisons of alexithymic responses percentages in each SSPS-R item between AD and control groups, using Fisher’s test. We observed that AD patients produced more alexithymic responses in some items of SSPS-R test than the control group, particularly about difficulties to find the words to describe feelings, as well as difficulties of imagination capacity and externally oriented thinking. The present results do not confirm our hypothesis and they do not support the results of previous studies revealing great alexithymia in AD.

Liver Polyploidy in Alzheimer's Disease

1987 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 264-270
Author(s):  
M. Fisman ◽  
M.I. Laskey ◽  
H.E. Enesco
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Matched Control ◽  
Great Variability ◽  
Lower Percentage ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Matched Control Group ◽  
Ploidy Class ◽  
And Control

ABSTRACTThe amount of liver polyploidy in a group of patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) was compared with that of an age-matched control group. There was great variability in the percentage of cells in each ploidy class from one individual to the next in both control and AD subjects. AD patients had a lower percentage of 2N cells, and a higher percentage of 4N cells than the controls. There was no difference in the percentage of 8N or 16N cells in AD, indicating that there was no shift to higher ploidy classes in AD. The most stringent statistical analysis failed to reveal statistically significant differences between the AD and control groups.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Comorbidities in Individuals Diagnosed and Undiagnosed with Alzheimer’s Disease in León, Spain and a Proposal for Contingency Procedures to Follow in the Case of Emergencies Involving People with Alzheimer’s Disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (10) ◽  
pp. 3398
Author(s):  
Macrina Tortajada-Soler ◽  
Leticia Sánchez-Valdeón ◽  
Marta Blanco-Nistal ◽  
José Alberto Benítez-Andrades ◽  
Cristina Liébana-Presa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Cognitive Disorders ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Emergency Procedures ◽  
And Control ◽  
Similar Incidence

Background: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) which is the most common type of dementia is characterized by mental or cognitive disorders. People suffering with this condition find it inherently difficult to communicate and describe symptoms. As a consequence, both detection and treatment of comorbidities associated with Alzheimer’s disease are substantially impaired. Equally, action protocols in the case of emergencies must be clearly formulated and stated. Methods: We performed a bibliography search followed by an observational and cross-sectional study involving a thorough review of medical records. A group of AD patients was compared with a control group. Each group consisted of 100 people and were all León residents aged ≥65 years. Results: The following comorbidities were found to be associated with AD: cataracts, urinary incontinence, osteoarthritis, hearing loss, osteoporosis, and personality disorders. The most frequent comorbidities in the control group were the following: eye strain, stroke, vertigo, as well as circulatory and respiratory disorders. Comorbidities with a similar incidence in both groups included type 2 diabetes mellitus, glaucoma, depression, obesity, arthritis, and anxiety. We also reviewed emergency procedures employed in the case of an emergency involving an AD patient. Conclusions: Some comorbidities were present in both the AD and control groups, while others were found in the AD group and not in the control group, and vice versa.

A Novel Polymorphic Purine Complex at the Upstream Region of the Human Caveolin-1 Gene and Risk of Alzheimer’s Disease

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (S1) ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
M. Ohadi ◽  
Y. Heshmati ◽  
A. Mirabzadeh ◽  
H.R. Khorram Khorshid ◽  
K. Kamali
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Upstream Region ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Gene Encoding ◽  
Aberrant Expression ◽  
Caveolin 1 ◽  
And Control

Crucial interaction of caveolin-1 (CAV1) with beta- and gamma-secretases, and aberrant expression of the gene encoding this protein in Alzheimer's disease (AD) support a role for CAV1 in the pathophysiology of this disease.We report a novel polymorphic purine complex stretching ~150 bp of genomic DNA at the 1.5 kb upstream region of the human CAV1 gene, alleles and genotypes of which are associated with sporadic late-onset AD. Extra-short alleles were observed in the case group that were absent in the control subjects. Increased homozygosity for haplotypes was also observed at this region in the Alzheimer's cases, for those alleles and allele lengths shared by the case and control groups [(c2=30.75, df=1, p< .000, OR=4.54, CI 95% (2.56-8.3)]. This region contains GGAA and GAAA motifs, the consensus binding sites for the Ets and IRF family transcription factors, respectively, and is highly conserved in distantly-related non-human primates in respect with location and motif sequence. The effect of this complex sequence on the expression of CAV1, and the related mechanisms in the pathophysiology of AD remain to be clarified.

The Application Value of ApoE Gene Polymorphism in Alzheimer's Disease

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 1403-1407
Author(s):  
Cong Chen ◽  
Yuhui Zhang ◽  
Bin Chen ◽  
Chaosheng Zeng ◽  
Min Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Gene Polymorphism ◽  
Apoe Genotype ◽  
Apoe Gene ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Apolipoprotein E Polymorphism ◽  
Abnormal Lipid Metabolism ◽  
And Control ◽  
Apoe Gene Polymorphism

To explore the association of apolipoprotein E polymorphism with Alzheimer's disease (AD), so as to provide possible research value for potential targeted therapy. 120 AD patients and 50 healthy volunteers were enrolled to extract fasting blood samples. ApoE gene polymorphism and blood lipids were tested in blood. ApoE gene and genotype frequency between AD group and control group were compared by PCR and sequencing methods. MMSE, CDR, and BPSD were used to determine the intelligence. ApoE genotype was detected by DNA microarray. ɛ4 carrier accounted for 45% in AD group, which was significantly elevated compared with control group (12%) (P < 0.05). TG, TC, and LDL-C levels were increased, while HDL-C was reduced in ɛ4 allele carriers (allP < 0.05). The MMSE scores of ApoEɛ4 genotype carriers in AD group were markedly lower than those of nonApoEɛ4 genotype carriers (P < 0.05) and control (P < 0.01). The proportion of dementia in ApoEɛ4 genotype carriers from AD group was apparently higher than the ɛ4 gene non-carriers (P < 0.05). The ApoEɛ4 gene is an AD risk factor. The changes of genotype and frequency of ApoEɛ4 gene are the main factors leading to abnormal lipid metabolism in AD patients, suggesting that ApoEɛ4 gene detection might be helpful for the early diagnosis and treatment of AD.

scholarly journals The Effects of Antiepileptic Drugs (AED) on Serum Copper Level in Children with Epilepsy

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Shamim-Ara-Sarkar . ◽  
Habibur Rahman ◽  
Israt Jahan ◽  
Md. Ranzu Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Antiepileptic Drugs ◽  
Serum Copper ◽  
Copper Level ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Serum Copper Level ◽  
Unusual Behavior ◽  
Epileptic Child ◽  
Multiple Drugs

Background: Epilepsy is a central nervous system disorder in which brain activity becomes irregular, causing seizures or periods of unusual behavior, sensations, and sometimes loss of awareness. Serum copper level may change due to long term use of antiepileptic drugs. Objective: The purpose of the present study was to assess the serum copper level in childhood epilepsy treated with long-term Anti-Epileptic Drug (AED). Methodology: This cross-sectional study was carried out in the Department of Paediatric Neurology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU) during March to August’ 2013. Sample size was one hundred, among these fifty were case (epileptic child who had received  anti-epileptic drugs (Carbamazepine and/or Valproic acid) for more than three months) and rest fifty were control (newly diagnosed epileptic child, who yet not received antiepileptic drug). Result: The mean copper level was 1.11±0.32 µg/ml in case group and 0.96±0.20 µg/ml in control group, which was statistically significant (p<0.05). Conclusion: The use of one drug or multiple drugs in the treatment of epileptic patients may play significant role in increasing copper serum level.

scholarly journals Inter-Individual Differences in Exercise Responses in Alzheimer’s Disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 188-188
Author(s):  
Fang Yu ◽  
Dereck Salisbury ◽  
Michelle Mathiason
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Aerobic Fitness ◽  
Cognitive Responses ◽  
Walk Test ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Ergometer Exercise ◽  
And Control

Abstract Aerobic exercise is widely supported as a disease-modifying treatment for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) in animal models; however, its effects on cognition have been mixed in human studies, which may be attributable to inter-individual differences in aerobic fitness and cognitive responses to aerobic exercise. This study evaluated inter-individual differences in aerobic fitness and cognitive responses to 6-month aerobic exercise in participants with AD dementia by secondarily analyzing the FIT-AD Trial data. Aerobic fitness with the shuttle walk test (SWT), 6-minute walk test (6MWT), and maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max) from cycle-ergometer exercise test, and cognition with the AD Assessment Scale–Cognition (ADAS-Cog). Inter-individual differences were calculated as the differences in the standard deviation of 6-month change (SDR) in outcomes between the intervention and control groups. The sample size was 78 (77.4±6.3 years old, 15.7±2.8 years of education, 41% women). VO2max was available in 26 participants (77.7±7.1 years old, 14.8±2.6 years of education, 35% women). The results show that the SDR was 37.0, 121.1, 1.7, and 2.3 for SWT, 6MWT, VO2max, and ADAS-Cog, respectively, but there were no statistically significant differences between the intervention and control groups in these measures over six months. Our results indicate that inter-individual differences exist in aerobic fitness and cognitive responses to aerobic exercise in AD, which contributed to the favorable, but not statistically significant between-group differences in aerobic fitness and cognition. To conclude, our study is the first to demonstrate inter-individual differences in the responses to aerobic exercise in AD dementia using SDR.

scholarly journals High Serum Estradiol Reduces Acute Hepatotoxicity Risk Induced by Epirubicin Plus Cyclophosphamide Chemotherapy in Premenopausal Women with Breast Cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shunmin Huang ◽  
Maobai Liu ◽  
Fangmeng Fu ◽  
Hangmin Liu ◽  
Baochang He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Adjuvant Chemotherapy ◽  
Linear Trend ◽  
Menopausal Status ◽  
High Serum ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Premenopausal Patients ◽  
And Control

Aim: We evaluated whether acute drug-induced liver injury (DILI) caused by adjuvant chemotherapy with epirubicin plus cyclophosphamide for early breast cancer was associated with estradiol (E2), luteinizing hormone (LH), and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH).Methods: Reproductive hormone test results of breast cancer patients were collected in the first chemotherapy cycle. E2, LH, and FSH levels were loge-transformed to normally distributed variables and were assessed using Student’s t-test to determine significant differences between the case and control groups. Hormone levels were classified according to the interquartile range and analyzed by logistic regression to determine their association with DILI caused by chemotherapy.Results: Among the 915 enrolled patients (DILI group: 204; control group: 711), menopausal status, along with serum E2, LH, and FSH levels, did not substantially differ between case and control groups. However, in the premenopause subgroup (n = 483), we found a significant difference in the E2 level between the case and control groups (p = 0.001). After adjusting for age and body mass index, premenopausal patients with 152–2,813 pg/mL E2 showed a lower risk of chemotherapy-induced DILI than patients with ≤20 pg/mL E2 (odds ratio: 0.394; 95% confidence interval: 0.207–0.748). The linear trend χ2 test revealed that E2 levels in premenopausal patients with breast cancer were inversely associated with the development of DILI.Conclusion: High serum E2 levels are associated with a reduced DILI risk in premenopausal patients with breast cancer undergoing epirubicin plus cyclophosphamide adjuvant chemotherapy.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document