Chemical analysis of phenolic compounds and determination of anti-oxidant, antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities of organic extracts of Pinus coulteri

New bioactive natural products, the phenolic composition and the biological activities of organic extracts from the needles of the Algerian Pinus coulteri were investigated. The analysis by HPLC-DAD of crude extract revealed the presence of 10 phenolic acids and nine flavonoids. In vitro anti-oxidant activities were performed using four different tests. The greatest antiradical activity was found in the ethyl acetate fraction (IC50 = 3.2 ± 0.3 µg/mL), whereas the diethyl ether fraction had the higher contents of total phenolics and flavonoids and exhibited a highest activity in reducing power and β-carotene–linoleic acid tests with EC50= 67.1 ± 0.4 μg/mL and 71.5 ± 0.2% of inhibition, respectively. Furthermore, a low to moderate antimicrobial activity according to all extracts was revealed against eight bacteria tested. The MIC value of chloroform fraction showed a strong degree of antibacterial activity (<0.09 mg/mL). The crude extract was found toxic with LC50 value of 15.2 μg/mL by brine shrimp toxicity assay. The needle extract of P. coulteri is rich in valuable biologically active compounds and could represent a new resource of anti-oxidant agents for the treatment of diseases.Video Clip of Methodology:Disc diffusion test: 6 min 41 sec <a href="https://www.youtube.com/v/-sfOw7qg5ws">Full Screen</a> <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-sfOw7qg5ws">Alternate</a>

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Comparative analysis of antioxidant activity and phenolic compounds in the fruits of Aronia spp.

Potravinarstvo Slovak Journal of Food Sciences ◽

10.5219/1360 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 14 ◽

pp. 393-401

Author(s):

Yulia Vinogradova ◽

Olena Vergun ◽

Olga Grygorieva ◽

Eva Ivanišová ◽

Ján Brindza

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Phenolic Compounds ◽

Phenolic Acids ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Reducing Power ◽

Biologically Active ◽

Polyphenol Compounds ◽

Dpph Method ◽

Ethanol Extracts

Chokeberry (Aronia Medik.) is a non-traditional fruit plant known as a rich source of biologically active compounds and inhibits the numerous biological activities. We compared the antioxidant activity and phenolic compounds of fruits between widely cultivated Aronia mitschurinii (AM-TCH, from Tchekhov district; AM-D, from Dmitrov district; AM-OZ, from Orekhovo-Zuevsky district of Moscow region, Russia) and introduced North American Aronia species (Aronia arbutifolia (AA-M), A. melanocarpa (AML-M), A. × prunifolia (AP-M), which have not been planted yet in the arboretum of Main Botanical Garden of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Moscow). Studying samples were collected in their secondary distribution range. Ethanolic extracts were determined for antioxidant capacity (antioxidant activity by DPPH and phosphomolybdenum methods, the total content of polyphenols, flavonoids, phenolic acids) and measured spectrophotometrically. As standards were used Trolox (TE) for antioxidant activities, gallic acid (GAE) for polyphenol content, quercetin (QE) for flavonoid content, caffeic acid (CAE) for phenolic acid content. The antioxidant activity by DPPH method in ethanol extracts of investigated plants was from 6.96 (AM-D) to 8.89 (AM-OZ) mg TE.g-1 DW. Reducing the power of investigated extracts exhibited activity from 151.47 (AM-OZ) to 297.8 (AA-M) mg TE.g-1 DW. The content of polyphenol compounds determined from 25.98 (AM-TCH) to 54.39 (AA-M) mg GAE.g-1 DW, phenolic acids content was from 7.76 (AP-M) to 11.87 (AM-D) mg CAE.g-1 DW and the content of flavonoids detected from 8.12 (AM-OZ) to 16.62 (AM-D) mg QE.-1 DW. Obtained data showed a strong correlation between the content of polyphenol compounds and reducing the power of extracts (r = 0.700), between flavonoids and phenolic acids (r = 0.771) and also between phenolic acids and reducing power (r = 0.753) in Aronia ethanol extracts. Fruits of investigated species of Aronia can be propagated as a source of polyphenol compounds with antioxidant activity and obtained results may use for farther pharmacological study.

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Mentha longifolia lowers blood pressure in anesthetized rats through multiple pathways

Bangladesh Journal of Pharmacology ◽

10.3329/bjp.v11i4.27340 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 11 (4) ◽

pp. 784 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Abdul Jabbar Shah ◽

Ishfaq Ali Bukhari ◽

Anwarul Hassan Gilani

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Crude Extract ◽

Video Clip ◽

Chloroform Fraction ◽

Response Curves ◽

Aqueous Fraction ◽

Anesthetized Rats ◽

High K ◽

Mentha Longifolia ◽

Dose Dependent

This study was aimed to investigate the effect of the extract of Mentha longifolia on blood pressure and the possible mechanisms. In anesthetized rats, the crude extract of M. longifolia and aqueous and chloroform fractions caused a dose-dependent fall in mean arterial pressure. Atropine pretreatment abolished the effect of extract and aqueous fraction but did not change that of chloroform fraction. In rabbit aortic rings, crude extract relaxed phenylephrine (1 µM) and high K+ (80 mM) pre-contractions. Chloroform fraction was more potent against high K+, similar to verapamil and caused a rightward shift in the Ca++ concentration-response curves. Aqueous fraction partially relaxed high K+ pre-contractions. In rat aortic rings, crude extract and aqueous fraction-induced endothelium-dependent atropine-sensitive vasodilator effect. Extract and fractions also relaxed high K+ precontractions. In guinea-pig atrial strips, crude extract and chloroform fraction suppressed force and rate of contractions, similar to verapamil. In conclusion, M. longifolia lowers blood pressure through Ca++ channel blockade and atropine-sensitive-NO pathway.Video Clip:<a href="https://youtube.com/v/Fz0MrZ6q2WI">Experiment using aorta:</a> 2 min 35 sec

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Syzygium Samarangense : A Review on its Pharmacognostical, Pharmacological and Phytochemical Proৎile

International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences ◽

10.26452/ijrps.v11i4.3276 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (4) ◽

pp. 6066-6078

Author(s):

Greeshma G Nair ◽

Sathianarayanan S

Keyword(s):

Biological Activities ◽

Chemical Constituents ◽

Human Colon ◽

Salmonella Typhi ◽

Cytotoxic Activities ◽

Human Colon Cancer ◽

Whole Plant ◽

The Family ◽

Anti Oxidant ◽

Anti Inflammatory

The objective of this review is to document briefly about the chemical constituents, pharmacognostical evaluation and biological activities of Syzygium samarangense belongs to the family Myrtaceae. It is generally called Java Apple, Wax Apple, Blume, Chambekka etc. Syzygium samarangense traditionally used as an astringent. It is also used to treat fever and halt diarrhea. The whole plant contains flavonoids, terpenoids, tannins, phenolic compounds, gallic acid, ellagic acid, squalene, botulin, lupeol, sitosterol, mixture of cycloartenol stearate, lupenyl stearate, β-sitosterol stearate, vitamins and minerals which bearing anti-oxidant, anti- microbial, hypoglycemic, anti-inflammatory, Immunomodulatory, CNS, Anti- diarrheal, anthelmintic and cytotoxic activities. In this review, different parts of the plant, their phytochemical constituents and their corresponding biological activities have been explored. The literatures reported that the fruit part contains carotene, anthocyanin and vescalagin which is used as antioxidant, anti- microbial and hypoglycemic effect. The leaf part contains myricetin, strobopinine, epigallocatechin, aurentiacin which bearing anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effect. The alcoholic extracts of leaves, seeds, root bearing analgesic, anti- inflammatory effect in lipopolysaccharide, antioxidant, cytotoxic activity against human colon cancer cell, the studies revealed that the extracts showed a potent anti- microbial activity against salmonella typhi, Escherichia coli, pseudomonas aeruginosa, bacillus subtilis, candida albicans etc. The aqueous extract of fruit prevents diabetes mellitus in rats.

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Investigation of biological activity of soil fungal extracts and LC/MS-QTOF based metabolite profiling

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-83556-8 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Afrah E. Mohammed ◽

Hana Sonbol ◽

Suaad Saleh Alwakeel ◽

Modhi O. Alotaibi ◽

Sohailah Alotaibi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Saudi Arabia ◽

Crude Extract ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Biologically Active ◽

Klebsiella Pneumonia ◽

Growth Media ◽

Fungal Isolates ◽

Starting Point ◽

Fungal Extracts

AbstractSoil is considered an extensively explored ecological niche for microorganisms that produce useful biologically active natural products suitable for pharmaceutical applications. The current study aimed at investigating biological activities and metabolic profiles of three fungal strains identified from different desert sites in Saudi Arabia. Soil fungal isolates were collected from AlQasab, Tabuk, and Almuzahimiyah in Saudi Arabia and identified. Furthermore, their antibacterial activity was investigated against Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, Klebsiella pneumonia, and Escherichia coli in blood, nutrient, and Sabouraud dextrose agars. Moreover, fungal extracts were evaluated on cell viability/proliferation against human breast carcinoma and colorectal adenocarcinoma cells. To identify the biomolecules of the fungal extracts, High-performance liquid chromatography HPLC–DAD coupled to analytical LC–QTOF-MS method was employed for fungal ethyl acetate crude extract. Identified fungal isolates, Chaetomium sp. Bipolaris sp. and Fusarium venenatum showed varied inhibitory activity against tested microbes in relation to crude extract, microbial strain tested, and growth media. F. venenatum showed higher anticancer activity compared to Chaetomium sp. and Bipolaris sp. extracts against four of the tested cancer cell lines. Screening by HPLC and LC/MS-QTOF identified nine compounds from Chaetomium sp. and three from Bipolaris sp. however, for F. venenatum extracts compounds were not fully identified. In light of the present findings, some biological activities of fungal extracts were approved in vitro, suggesting that such extracts could be a useful starting point to find compounds that possess promising agents for medical applications. Further investigations to identify exact biomolecules from F. venenatum extracts are needed.

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Marine Streptomyces sp. VITASP as a Source of New Bioactive Secondary Metabolites

Current Bioactive Compounds ◽

10.2174/1573407214666180904100049 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 16 (5) ◽

pp. 611-617

Author(s):

Aditi Thosar ◽

Pooja Satpathy ◽

Jemimah Naine S. ◽

Chandrasekaran S. Devi

Keyword(s):

Ethyl Acetate ◽

Crude Extract ◽

Therapeutic Potential ◽

Reducing Power ◽

Biochemical Properties ◽

Cytotoxic Activities ◽

Streptomyces Sp ◽

Hela Cell Lines ◽

Hplc Retention Time ◽

Potential Use

Background:: The main aim of the study was to evaluate the bioactive properties of ethyl acetate crude extract of Streptomyces sp. VITASP with a view to assess their therapeutic potential. Methods: The morphological, physiological and the biochemical properties of the strain Streptomyces sp. VITASP were confirmed by conventional methods. The present study evaluated the antibacterial, antioxidant and cytotoxic activities. Results: The isolate was identified to be Streptomyces sp. (Genbank accession number: KR233807). The ethyl acetate extract of Streptomyces sp. VITASP showed maximum antibacterial activity of two Gram- positive and Gram- negative bacteria at 0.5mg/mL. The antioxidant potential of the crude extract exhibited strong reducing power activity at 0.5 mg/mL with 93±0.05% inhibition. The antiinflammatory and anti-diabetic properties were identified at 0.5 mg/mL concentration. The cytotoxic effect was found with an IC50 of 500μg/ mL on HeLa cell lines. The GC-MS analysis and the chromatogram patterns revealed major peak at 18.485 which corresponds to Pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazine-1,4-dione, Hexahydro-3-(2-methylpropyl. IR spectra showed the functional groups. HPLC Retention time of the peak was found to be 2.414 min. Conclusion: This work demonstrates that the extract should be considered as a useful source as an antioxidant and antimicrobial agent and gives further insight into the potential use of the compounds as drugs for various other bioactivities.

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Natural Medicinal Compounds from Marine Fungi towards Drug Discovery: A Review

10.5772/intechopen.94137 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Parthiban Brindha Devi ◽

Ridhanya Jeyaseelan

Keyword(s):

Marine Environment ◽

Marine Fungi ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Biologically Active ◽

Active Metabolites ◽

Alzheimer Dementia ◽

Aspergillus Unguis ◽

Anti Oxidant ◽

Anti Fungal ◽

Biologically Active Metabolites

Marine fungi are species of fungi which live in estuaries environment and marine environment. These species are found in common habitat. Marine fungi are rich in antimicrobial compounds such as anthrones, cephalosporins, peptides, steroids. These compounds which are derived mainly focused in the area of anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, anti-fungal, anti-microbial, anti-fouling activity. Bioactive terpene compounds are produced by marine fungi and marine derived fungi can produce sclerotides, trichoderins. Marine fungi have become the richest sources of biologically active metabolites and structurally novel in the marine environment. In a recent study the marine derived fungi dichotomomyces cejpii exhibits activity towards cannabinoid which is used to treat alzheimer dementia. Aspergillus unguis showed significant acetyl cholinesterase besides its anti-oxidant activity. These acts as a promising intent for discovery of pharmaceutically important metabolites like alkaloids, peptides. Computational (in silico) strategies have been developed and broadly applied to pharmacology advancement and testing. This review summarizes the bioactive compounds derived from marine fungi in accordance with the sources and their biological activities.

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Bioactive Potential of Several Actinobacteria Isolated from Microbiologically Barely Explored Desert Habitat, Saudi Arabia

Biology ◽

10.3390/biology10030235 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (3) ◽

pp. 235

Author(s):

Mohammed S. Almuhayawi ◽

Mahmoud S. M. Mohamed ◽

Mohamed Abdel-Mawgoud ◽

Samy Selim ◽

Soad K. Al Jaouni ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Saudi Arabia ◽

Cytotoxic Activity ◽

Molecular Mechanisms ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Biologically Active ◽

Cytotoxic Activities ◽

Dependent Manner ◽

Streptomyces Species ◽

Genus Streptomyces ◽

Cox 2

Biomolecules from natural sources, including microbes, have been the basis of treatment of human diseases since the ancient times. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the potential bioactivity of several actinobacteria isolates form Al-Jouf Desert, Saudi Arabia. Twenty-one actinobacterial isolates were tested for their antioxidant (flavonoids, phenolics, tocopherols and carotenoids) content, and biological activities, namely FRAP, DPPH, ABTS, SOS and XO inhibition, anti-hemolytic and anti-lipid peroxidation as well as their antibacterial and antiprotozoal activities. Accordingly, five isolates (i.e., Act 2, 12, 15, 19 and 21) were selected and their 90% ethanolic extracts were used. The phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA sequences indicated that the most active isolates belong to genus Streptomyces. The genus Streptomyces has been documented as a prolific producer of biologically active secondary metabolites against different cancer types. Thus, the anti-blood cancer activity and the possible molecular mechanisms by which several Streptomyces species extracts inhibited the growth of different leukemia cells, i.e., HL-60, K562 and THP-1, were investigated. In general, the five active isolates showed cytotoxic activity against the tested cell lines in a dose dependent manner. Among the potent isolates, isolate Act 12 significantly decreased the cell viability and showed maximum cytotoxic activities against both HL-60 and K562 cells, while isolate Act 15 exhibited maximum cytotoxic activity against THP-1 cells. Moreover, Act 2 and Act 12 reduced cyclooxygenase (COX-2) and lipoxygenase (LOX) activity, which is involved in the proliferation and differentiation of cancer cells and may represent a possible molecular mechanism underlying leukemia growth inhibition. The bioactive antioxidant extracts of the selected Streptomyces species inhibited leukemia cell growth by reducing the COX-2 and LOX activity. Overall, our study not only introduced a promising natural alternative source for anticancer agents, but it also sheds light on the mechanism underlying the anticancer activity of isolated actinomycetes

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Anti-oxidant and anti-acetylcholinesterase activities of Zygophyllum album

Bangladesh Journal of Pharmacology ◽

10.3329/bjp.v11i1.25463 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 54 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Mouna Kchaou ◽

Hichem Ben Salah ◽

Rania Mhiri ◽

Noureddine Allouche

Keyword(s):

Radical Scavenging Activity ◽

Video Clip ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Reducing Power ◽

Acetylcholinesterase Activity ◽

Phenolic Contents ◽

Power Effect ◽

Anti Oxidant ◽

Ethanol Extracts

The present study was carried out to explore the anti-acetylcholinesterase activity and anti-oxidant effect as well as content of phenolic compounds of various extracts from Zygophyllum album. It was observed that dichloromethane and ethanol extracts were endowed with a powerful anti-acetylcholinesterase activity with IC50 values of 40 and 58 µg/mL, respectively. These two extracts exhibited the highest DPPH radical scavenging activity (IC50=0.2 mg/mL), the highest total anti-oxidant capacity (185.2 and 222.4 mg vitamin E/mg extract, respectively), the highest reducing power effect, and the highest β-carotene bleaching capacity. The findings showed that the extents of anti-acetylcholinesterase activity of Z. album extracts as well as their anti-oxidant capacity are in accordance with their phenolic contents. Hence, Z. album leaves would be useful against Alzheimer's disease. VIDEO CLIP<a href="https://www.youtube.com/v/M03zi4Mzh6k">Determination of flavonoids content:</a> 2 min 50 sec

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Lichens—a promising source of bioactive secondary metabolites

Plant Genetic Resources ◽

10.1079/pgr200572 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 273-287 ◽

Cited By ~ 176

Author(s):

Joël Boustie ◽

Martin Grube

Keyword(s):

Polyketide Synthase ◽

Therapeutic Potential ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Sequence Similarity ◽

Biologically Active ◽

Cytotoxic Activities ◽

Active Metabolites ◽

High Level ◽

Biologically Active Metabolites ◽

Promising Source

Lichen-forming fungi are unique organisms, producing biologically active metabolites with a great variety of effects, including antibiotic, antimycobacterial, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antipyretic, antiproliferative and cytotoxic activities. However, only very limited numbers of lichen substances have been screened for their biological activities and their therapeutic potential in medicine. This is certainly due to the difficulties encountered in identification of the species, collection of bulk quantities, and the isolation of pure substances for structure determination and testing activity. Recently, possibilities for bypassing some of these former difficulties have arisen by the introduction of new techniques. This includes axenic cultivation for production of the genuine compounds or new ones, extraction of focused compounds, or synthesis of natural products or their derivatives for testing. Utilizing these new opportunities, the discovery of novel active metabolites, which could serve as lead compounds, is significantly facilitated. At the same time, the evolution of secondary metabolite patterns is studied using phylogenetic approaches. Yet, the genetic background of the complex chemical patterns is poorly understood. The scattered occurrence of some compounds suggests that their production evolved either in parallel or that ancient biosynthetic pathways are abandoned in many lineages. At least, studies on polyketide synthase genes from different lichen groups suggest a high level of gene paralogy. In this context, clades of orthologous polyketide synthase genes, which are often shared with distantly related non-lichenized fungi, can roughly be identified by their sequence similarity and their similar patterns of substitution rates. The functional assignment of paralogs is nevertheless difficult and reasonable only in a few cases. A global approach of the lichen metabolomic features appears to be essential in developing new and viable biotechnological processes which could afford suitable amounts of unique lichen compounds.

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Anti-oxidant, antimicrobial and anti-acetylcholinesterase activities of organic extracts from aerial parts of three Tunisian plants and correlation with polyphenols and flavonoids contents

Bangladesh Journal of Pharmacology ◽

10.3329/bjp.v11i2.26001 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 531 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Imen Sellem ◽

Fatma Kaaniche ◽

Ahlem Mtibaa Chakchouk ◽

Lotfi Mellouli

Keyword(s):

Inhibitory Activity ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Antimicrobial Activities ◽

Nicotiana Glauca ◽

Total Polyphenols ◽

Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitory Activity ◽

Aerial Parts ◽

Chenopodium Murale ◽

Organic Extracts ◽

Anti Oxidant

In goal of searching new active compounds with important biological activities, a screening of several plants from salt-marsh region of Chebba-Tunisia had been realized. Three species had been selected: Calendula arvensis, Chenopodium murale and Nicotiana glauca. The organic extracts of different aerial parts of these plants (stems, leaves and flowers) displayed variable contents of total polyphenols (TPP) and total flavonoids (TF). Flowers acetone extract from N. glauca contained the higher quantity in TPP (264.8 ± 1.6 µg GA/mg), while stems dichloromethane extract exhibited the best TF content (49.8 ± 2.2 µg QE/mg). The important TPP and TF contents reflected a good anti-oxidant and antimicrobial activities. The best acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity had been shown in the fractions obtained after extraction with low polarity solvents. Whence, a correlation of flavonoids contents with biological activities had been shown, while, there was no correlation with acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity.

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