scholarly journals Leaf epidermal anatomy of Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. in relation to ecotypic adaptation

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 171-193
Author(s):  
SK Nitu ◽  
H Tarique ◽  
SMS Islam
Keyword(s):  
Cynodon Dactylon ◽  
Environmental Condition ◽  
Stomatal Frequency ◽  
Abaxial Surface ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Mature Leaves ◽  
Quantitative Studies ◽  
Plant Taxon ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Ecological Habitats

Qualitative and quantitative studies were done on leaf epidermal characteristics with special reference to stomatal features to find out the impact of environmental condition on twenty four accessions of Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. collected from different ecological habitats of Bangladesh. The foliar epidermal peels from both surfaces of mature leaves were observed under microscope. The leaves were found to be amphistomatic and stomata were paracytic type. The epidermal cells in this study were found to be sinuous. Silica bodies were found to be saddle and cross shaped. Prickles angular were pointed at the tip. Macro-hairs were present in all the accessions, but no micro-hair was found both adaxially or abaxially. Stomatal frequency and stomatal index were found to vary from accession to accession on both adaxial and abaxial surface of leaves, and the differences were statistically significant in most of the cases. Bangladesh J. Plant Taxon. 28(1): 171-193, 2021 (June)

scholarly journals Roma populations and health inequalities: a systematic review of multiple intersecting determinants

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (Supplement_4) ◽  
Author(s):  
L Orton ◽  
R M Anderson de Cuevas
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Citation Index ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Poor Health ◽  
Bibliographic Databases ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Quantitative Studies ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Roma populations experience significantly poorer health than majority populations. Health outcomes are often worse than for others in similar social positions, suggesting differences are not simply the effect of poverty. Roma women are thought to be worst affected. However, data pertaining to the multiple social inequalities affecting Roma populations, their interaction and cumulative effect on health over time, have yet to be synthesised. Methods We searched four bibliographic databases (MEDLINE, Science Citation Index, Social Sciences Citation Index and Scopus), screened reference lists, consulted key informants and searched organisational websites for studies providing empirical evidence on more than one determinant of health for Roma populations in Europe. Two reviewers carried out screening, data extraction, quality appraisal and performed a narrative synthesis. Results From 2,043 bibliographic records, 37 studies met our inclusion criteria. The median number of influencing factors explored through qualitative and quantitative methodologies was 2 (range 1 - 5) and 3 (range 1 - 11), respectively. Quantitative studies focussed on poverty (10 studies) and other indicators of socio-economic status including education (13 studies), housing (9 studies) and employment (9 studies). Very few studies unpicked interactive effects instead testing each factor’s contribution to poor health independently. Qualitative studies tended to explore “Roma culture” (11 studies) and the impact of discrimination/racism on health behaviour (10 studies). There is a lack of gender-disaggregated data and little analysis of the impact of social policy on the health of Roma populations. Conclusions Evidence for associations between determinants and health outcomes among European Roma populations is patchy. Research needs to pay more attention to the health impact of social policies that have the potential to reinforce (as well as mitigate) the exclusion of Roma populations. Key messages This systematic review critically analyses the state and shape of research evidence on the multiple interacting axes of inequality that contribute to poor health among Europe’s Roma populations. There is a divergence between qualitative and quantitative studies, with the former providing some evidence on socio-economic status and the latter exploring aspects of culture and discrimination.

Optimal levels of (de)centralization for resilient supply chains

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 435-455 ◽  
Author(s):  
Horst Treiblmaier
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chains ◽  
Organizational Capabilities ◽  
Theory Approach ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Fast Reactions ◽  
Quantitative Studies ◽  
Holistic Understanding ◽  
External Forces ◽  
The Impact

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to illustrate how centralization and decentralization of supply chains (SCs) play a major role in creating organizational resilience. Design/methodology/approach Starting with the basic tenets of contingency theory and applying a grounded theory approach, results from exploratory qualitative and quantitative studies are combined to investigate the impact of (de)centralization on SC resilience capabilities. Findings The findings from a comprehensive literature review combined with two empirical surveys indicate that four important organizational capabilities are needed in order to cope with internal and external disruptions: fast reactions to unforeseen disturbances, reducing the number of negative external forces, reducing the impact of negative external forces and the quick return to normal operating processes. Furthermore, it is illustrated how (de)centralization activities can support these capabilities and thus maximize the SC resilience. Originality/value This paper presents 12 measures for (de)centralization and shows how they can support the four major capabilities of resilient companies. The results from qualitative and quantitative surveys allow for a holistic understanding of the organization and provide a basis for future SC resilience research.

scholarly journals The impact of J. D. Bernal’s thoughts in the science of science upon China: Implications for today’s quantitative studies of science

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 959-968 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Zhao ◽  
Jian Du ◽  
Yishan Wu
Keyword(s):  
Research Evidence ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Founding Father ◽  
Science Of Science ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Quantitative Studies ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Theoretical Foundations ◽  
Science Planning

John Desmond Bernal (1901–1970) was one of the most eminent scientists in molecular biology and is also regarded as the founding father of the science of science. His book The social function of science laid the theoretical foundations for the discipline. In this article, we summarize four chief characteristics of his ideas in the science of science: the sociohistorical perspective, theoretical models, qualitative and quantitative approaches, and studies of science planning and policy. China has constantly reformed its scientific and technological system based on research evidence of the science of science. Therefore, we analyze the impact of Bernal’s science-of-science thoughts on the development of China’s science of science, and discuss how they might be usefully taken still further in quantitative studies of science.

scholarly journals Supporting Refugee and Immigrant Children: Building Bridges Programme of the International Children's Institute in Canada and Overseas

Refuge ◽  
2000 ◽  
pp. 41-45
Author(s):  
Ester Cole
Keyword(s):  
Immigrant Children ◽  
Governmental Organization ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
School Aged Children ◽  
Quantitative Studies ◽  
The Impact

This article highlights factors concerning refugee school-aged children and their caregivers both in Canada and overseas. This article documents the impact of the International Children's Institute's Building Bridges programme, which has received validation from both qualitative and quantitative studies. It concludes with implications for authentic programmes which combine education, health and NGO (non-governmental organization) sector partnerships.

scholarly journals Mental health professional perspectives on health data sharing: Mixed methods study

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 2067-2082 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adela Grando ◽  
Julia Ivanova ◽  
Megan Hiestand ◽  
Hiral Soni ◽  
Anita Murcko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Information ◽  
Data Sharing ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Mixed Methods Study ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Patient Comprehension ◽  
Professional Perspectives ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Perceived Reasons

This study explores behavioral health professionals’ perceptions of granular data. Semi-structured in-person interviews of 20 health professionals were conducted at two different sites. Qualitative and quantitative analysis was performed. While most health professionals agreed that patients should control who accesses their personal medical record (70%), there are certain types of health information that should never be restricted (65%). Emergent themes, including perceived reasons that patients might share or withhold certain types of health information (65%), care coordination (12%), patient comprehension (11%), stigma (5%), trust (3%), sociocultural understanding (3%), and dissatisfaction with consent processes (1%), are explored. The impact of care role (prescriber or non-prescriber) on data-sharing perception is explored as well. This study informs the discussion on developing technology that helps balance provider and patient data-sharing and access needs.

scholarly journals Risk of Increased Acceptance for Organizational Nepotism and Cronyism during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Risks ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 59
Author(s):  
Grzegorz Ignatowski ◽  
Łukasz Sułkowski ◽  
Bartłomiej Stopczyński
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative Methods ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Social And Economic Development ◽  
The Times ◽  
The Impact

Nepotism and cronyism are forms of favoritism towards certain people in the workplace. For this reason, they constitute a problem for organization managers, ethicists and psychologists. Identifying the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on the increase of nepotism and cronyism may provide a basis for organizations to assess their extent and to take possible measures to prevent their negative effects. At the same time, the research presented in the article may provide a basis for further research work related to nepotism and cronyism at the times of other threats, different from the pandemic. The aim of the article is to examine the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on growing acceptance for nepotism and cronyism in Polish enterprises. Qualitative and quantitative methods have been included in the conducted research. Qualitative study aimed at improving knowledge of nepotism and cronyism and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on these phenomena, followed by a quantitative study conducted in order to verify the information obtained in the qualitative study. This research has demonstrated that Nepotism and cronyism in the workplace, are phenomenon that are basically evaluated negatively. They adversely influences social and economic development, but the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on nepotism and cronyism is not significant.

scholarly journals Disrupting Cultures of Harassment in Archaeology: Social-Environmental and Trauma-Informed Approaches to Disciplinary Transformation

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Barbara L. Voss
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Disciplinary Culture ◽  
Environmental Model ◽  
Exclusionary Practices ◽  
Archaeological Practice ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Quantitative Studies ◽  
The Social ◽  
Trauma Informed ◽  
Social Environmental

This article is the second in a two-part series that analyzes current research on harassment in archaeology. Both qualitative and quantitative studies, along with activist narratives and survivor testimonials, have established that harassment is occurring in archaeology at epidemic rates. These studies have also identified key patterns in harassment in archaeology that point to potential interventions that may prevent harassment, support survivors, and hold perpetrators accountable. This article reviews five key obstacles to change in the disciplinary culture of archaeology: normalization, exclusionary practices, fraternization, gatekeeping, and obstacles to reporting. Two public health paradigms—the social-environmental model and trauma-informed approaches—are used to identify interventions that can be taken at all levels of archaeological practice: individual, relational, organizational, community, and societal.

Effectiveness of the IBCLC: Have we Made an Impact on the Care of Breastfeeding Families Over the Past Decade?

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 441-452 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Haase ◽  
Emily Brennan ◽  
Carol L. Wagner
Keyword(s):  
Scoping Review ◽  
Physician Education ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Positive Role ◽  
Quantitative Studies ◽  
Lactation Consultants ◽  
Evidenced Based ◽  
Outpatient Settings ◽  
Breastfeeding Problems ◽  
The Impact

Background: International Board Certified Lactation Consultants (IBCLCs) have been in existence for over 3 decades, are currently represented in 110 countries, and have the only internationally recognized certification to provide safe and evidenced-based care for breastfeeding women and their infants. Research aim: To review the literature about the efficacy of IBCLCs on breastfeeding outcomes as well as studies that have examined the effectiveness of the IBCLC’s role. Methods: The design was a scoping review of the literature and critical analysis using PRISMA guidelines of existing studies published from 2008–2019. Qualitative and quantitative studies were reviewed. Results: Twelve ( N =12) studies met inclusion criteria. Seven themes emerged in the analysis including studies of the role of IBCLCs in resident physician education; IBCLC’s role in breastfeeding interventions and the management of breastfeeding problems; the impact of IBCLCs in inpatient and outpatient settings; and the impact of geographic access to IBCLCs on breastfeeding rates. Certification of and ongoing professional development of IBCLCs are also discussed. Conclusion: In this scoping review of existing literature assessing the effectiveness of IBCLCs in promoting and supporting breastfeeding, it is clear that IBCLCs play a positive role in supporting breastfeeding throughout the world. However, there are certain limitations that must be addressed. Recommendations for future research and clinical practice are discussed in the context of present limitations to breastfeeding expertise and support.

Research on Teaching the Psychology of Women

1982 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 96-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marilyn Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Studies ◽  
Attitudes Toward Women ◽  
Behavioral Measures ◽  
Quantitative Studies ◽  
Psychology Of Women ◽  
Research On Teaching ◽  
Follow Up Studies ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Review Current

Research into the impact of psychology of women courses (and women's studies, generally) has been conducted only infrequently. The literature consists largely of anecdotal reports of changes in attitudes toward women as a function of participating in such courses. Existing quantitative studies are usually limited to measures of pre-course to post-course attitude changes, and occasionally such changes are related to demographic factors. The purpose of this article is to review current studies and to suggest additional research approaches in this area. At least three methods are recommended for studying the effect of psychology of women courses. First, there is a need for comparative studies of two types: psychology of women course vs. other course comparisons, and psychology of women course vs. other related experiences (consciousness-raising groups, feminist therapy, etc.). Second, there is a need for follow-up assessment of students in these courses. Finally, in both the comparative and follow-up studies, behavioral measures should be used.

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