scholarly journals Studies on the Fatty Acid Composition of Edible Oil

1970 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 311-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Chowdhury ◽  
LA Banu ◽  
S Khan ◽  
A Latif
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Soybean Oil ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Sunflower Oil ◽  
Packed Column ◽  
Coconut Oil ◽  
Edible Oil ◽  
Mustard Oil

Fatty acid analysis of the five types of locally consumed edible oils (n = 22) was carried out using a Gas Chromatograph (G.C) equipped with a Flame Ionization Detector (FID) and stainless steel packed column. The results showed that sunflower oil contained the highest percentage of long chain mono and polyunsaturated fatty acids (91.49 ± 1.91 %) compared to soybean oil (81.14 ± 1.49 %), mustard oil (86.80 ± 3.07 %), palm oil (53.30 ± 0.36 %) and coconut oil (7.12 ± 0.51 %). Two varieties of mustard oil, low erucic (= 5 %, n=3) and high erucic acid ( >14 %, n=2) and two varieties of sunflower oil, high linoleic-low oleic (61-66 % & 22-27 %, n=2) and low linoleic- high oleic (29-38 % and 53-63 %, n =3) were found. Sunflower oil with the highest percentage of mono and polyunsaturated fatty acids especially the high linoleic- low oleic variety appeared to be superior and most suitable edible oil for mass consumption. Key words: Fatty acid, Gas chomatograph, Sunflower oil, Soybean oil, Mustard oil, Palm oil, Coconut oil. Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 42(3), 311-316, 2007

scholarly journals Effect of supplementation with vegetable oil on performance of lactating Awassi ewes, growth of their lambs and on fatty acid profile of milk and blood of lambs

2013 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 467-479
Author(s):  
H. H. Titi ◽  
A.-R. Al-Fataftah
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Soybean Oil ◽  
Fatty Acid Profile ◽  
Vegetable Oil ◽  
Sunflower Oil ◽  
Total Mixed Ration ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Total Fatty Acids

Abstract. The present study investigated the effects of supplementing soybean oil (SBO) and sunflower oil (SFO) on the performance of early lactating Awassi ewes, growth of their sucking lambs and on the concentration of total fatty acids in milk and blood of suckling lambs. One hundred and twenty five ewes were randomly assigned into five equal sized treatment groups involved; a control total mixed ration (TMR) without added oil and four diets supplemented with 3 % SBO, 5 % SBO, 3 % SFO or 5 % SFO.

scholarly journals TRANSESTERIFIKASI ENZIMATIK ASAM LEMAK DARI SUBSTRAT MINYAK SAWIT DAN SANTAN KELAPA

2001 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-23
Author(s):  
Joko Sulistyo ◽  
Yati Soedaryati Soeka ◽  
Rini Handayani
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Culture Filtrate ◽  
Candida Rugosa ◽  
Coconut Oil ◽  
Extracellular Enzyme ◽  
Enzyme Concentration ◽  
Crude Palm Oil

We have reported he potency of microbial extracellular enzyme for coconut oil by fermentation. Further investigation was aimed to study capacity if the enzyme on bioproses of crude palm oil by transesterification saturated fatty acid to fatty acid ester which is useful for industry of cosmetics, biopharmacy and natural chemistry. We have studied some lipase from culture filtrate of Bacillus subtilis FM-9101, Pseudomonas aerogenes FM-9201, Pseudomonas fluorescens FM-9202, Pseudomonas stutzerri FM 9203, and Candida rugosa FM-9301. Those five strains showed different activities during the hydrolysis substrate which resulted in decreasing or increasing free fatty acids those were liberated from media containing crude palm oil, coconut milk or mixed of both. The optimal transesterification condition were at temperature 45-50o C and pH 4.5 for C. rugosa and pH 6.0 tp 7.0 for P. aerogenes, P. fluorescens, P. stutzeri and B. subtilis. Under the enzyme concentration of 25 percent (v/v), the transesterification was effectively occurred, while at the concentration of 20 percent (v/v) the enzymatically biosynthesis required longer incubation period.

Comparative effects of repeatedly heated cooking oils on tissue lipid peroxidation and antioxidant status in cholesterol-fed Sprague Dawley rats

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chinu Chacko ◽  
Rajamohan Thankappan
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Sunflower Oil ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Coconut Oil ◽  
Oxidation Products ◽  
Mustard Oil ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Heated Oils

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to compare the effects of repeatedly heated coconut oil, mustard oil and sunflower oil on antioxidant status in cholesterol-fed Sprague Dawley rats. Design/methodology/approach The test oils were heated at 210 ± 10°C for 15 h. Male Sprague Dawley rats were divided into six groups of six animals each. In total, 15% fresh/heated oils and 1% cholesterol were mixed with the experimental diet and fed to the animals for 60 days. Findings Chemical analysis revealed that repeated heating of oils resulted in changes in fatty acid composition and elevated lipid peroxidation, the effects being lower in heated coconut oil. Body weight gain significantly decreased in heated coconut oil (p = 0.02), heated mustard oil (p = 0.022) and heated sunflower oil (p = 0.001) fed animals. Malondialdehyde level was significantly increased (p = 0.001) in tissues of heated oils fed animals. Concentration of protein oxidation products was significantly increased (p = 0.001) in heated oils fed animals. Activities of antioxidant enzymes were decreased (p = 0.001) in heated oils fed animals. Total thiols were decreased (p = 0.001) in tissues of animals that were fed heated oils. Animals that were fed heated mustard oil and heated sunflower oil showed lower antioxidant levels and higher oxidation products when compared to those fed heated coconut oil. Originality/value Studies comparing the effects of thermally oxidized oils that vary in fatty acid composition are rare. The effects of fresh and heated oils that vary in fatty acid constitution, namely, coconut oil, mustard oil and sunflower oil, in cholesterol-fed rats are studied.

Analysis of Rice Bran Oil Adulterated with other Edible Oils by GC

2013 ◽  
Vol 781-784 ◽  
pp. 1806-1810
Author(s):  
Hong Xia Li ◽  
Min Zhi ◽  
Xin Lu ◽  
Jun Jie Zhang ◽  
Mei Ting Li
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Soybean Oil ◽  
Rice Bran ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Sunflower Oil ◽  
Edible Oils ◽  
Rice Bran Oil ◽  
Cottonseed Oil ◽  
The People

Since rice bran oil (RBO) is well-known by consumer and more expensive than other oils, some RBO is adulterated with other cheap oils, such as cottonseed oil (CO), palm oil (PO), sunflower oil (SFO) and soybean oil (SO). The types and content of FAs in RBO changes great after adulterated, this will seriously affect the quality of the rice and the people health. In this study, GC was used to detect the change of fatty acids (FAs) after adulterated with those inferior oils. The analysis will provide a reference for the RBO adulteration problem.

scholarly journals “Sfogliatella Riccia Napoletana”: Realization of a Lard-Free and Palm Oil-Free Pastry

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1393
Author(s):  
Raffaele Romano ◽  
Alessandra Aiello ◽  
Lucia De Luca ◽  
Alessandro Acunzo ◽  
Immacolata Montefusco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Sunflower Oil ◽  
Coconut Oil ◽  
Polar Compounds ◽  
Shea Butter ◽  
Free Acidity ◽  
Total Polar Compounds ◽  
Bakery Industry ◽  
Oil Blend

“Sfogliatella riccia napoletana” is a typical pastry from Naples (Italy), traditionally produced using lard. In the bakery industry, palm oil is widely used to replace lard in order to obtain products without cholesterol, but it is currently under discussion, which is mostly related to the sustainability of its cultivation. Therefore, in this work, lard was replaced with palm oil-free vegetable blends composed of sunflower oil, shea butter, and coconut oil in different percentages. Traditional pastries produced with lard and pastries produced with palm oil were used as controls. Moisture, aw, free acidity, peroxide value, fatty acids, total polar compounds, and global acceptability were determined in the obtained pastries. The results indicated that the use of a vegetable oil blend composed of 40% sunflower oil, 40% shea butter, and 20% coconut oil minimized the formation of oxidized compounds (peroxides and total polar compounds) during cooking and produced a product with a moisture content very similar to that of the traditional pastry that was appreciated by consumers.

Differential effect of saturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids on hepatic glucose metabolism in humans

2004 ◽  
Vol 287 (2) ◽  
pp. E358-E365 ◽  
Author(s):  
John N. Clore ◽  
Julie S. Stillman ◽  
Jing Li ◽  
Stephen J. D. O'Keefe ◽  
James R. Levy
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Differential Effect ◽  
Infusion Rate ◽  
Safflower Oil ◽  
Hepatic Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Hepatic Glucose

Prolonged infusions of lipid and heparin that achieve high physiological free fatty acid (FFA) concentrations inhibit hepatic (and peripheral) insulin sensitivity in humans. These infusions are composed largely of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA; linoleic and linolenic). It is not known whether fatty acid composition per se affects hepatic glucose metabolism in humans. To address this issue, we examined the impact of enteral infusions of either palm oil (48% palmitic, 35% oleic, and 8% linoleic acids) or safflower oil (6% palmitic, 12% oleic, 74% linoleic acids) in 14 obese nondiabetic subjects. 2H2O was administered to determine the contribution of gluconeogenesis to endogenous glucose production (EGP), and a primed continuous infusion of [6,6-2H]glucose was administered to assess glucose appearance. As a result of the lipid infusions, plasma FFA concentrations increased significantly in both the palm oil (507.5 ± 47.4 to 939.3 ± 61.3 μmol/l, P < 0.01) and safflower oil (588.2.0 ± 43.0 to 857.8 ± 68.7 μmol/l, P < 0.01) groups after 4 h. EGP was similar at baseline (12.4 ± 1.8 vs. 11.2 ± 1.0 μmol·kg FFM−1·min−1). During a somatostatin-insulin clamp, the glucose infusion rate was significantly lower (AUC glucose infusion rate 195.8 ± 50.7 vs. 377.8 ± 38.0 μmol/kg FFM, P < 0.01), and rates of EGP were significantly higher (10.7 ± 1.4 vs. 6.5 ± 1.5 μmol·kg FFM−1·min−1, P < 0.01) after palm oil compared with safflower oil, respectively. Baseline rates of gluconeogenesis and glycogenolysis were also similar. However, after lipid infusion, rates of glycogenolysis were suppressed by safflower oil but not by palm oil. Thus these studies demonstrate, for the first time in humans, a differential effect of saturated fatty acids and PUFA on hepatic glucose metabolism.

scholarly journals Effects of dietary hemp seed oil to sows on fatty acid profiles, nutritional and immune status of piglets

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Vodolazska ◽  
C. Lauridsen
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Soybean Oil ◽  
Dietary Fat ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Stearidonic Acid ◽  
Mature Milk ◽  
Hemp Seed

Abstract Background The oil from industrial hemp seeds (Cannabis sativa) is an ideal source of stearidonic acid, which is a precursor fatty acid for the long-chained n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids. These fatty acids are important for neonatal development, health and immunity. Hemp seed oil has been investigated for the influence on human health, but research on the impact in pig nutrition is scarce. The aim of our research was to study the effect of dietary hemp seed oil relative to soybean oil to lactating sows on the transfer of fatty acids to the off-spring and the effect on piglets’ immune and nutritional status. Results The fatty acid composition of the hemp seed and the soybean oil influenced the fatty acid composition of sow plasma, colostrum and mature milk. The highest proportion of C18:3n-3, C18:4n-3 and C20:4n-6 was obtained in mature milk fat of sows fed 5% hemp seed oil diet when compared to the other dietary fat sources (5% soybean oil or a 50:50 mix of hemp and soybean oil at 5%). The effect of dietary oil supplementation to sows was reflected in the plasma fatty acids profile of piglets. Notably the proportion of C20:5n-3 and C22:5n-3 was the highest in plasma of piglets suckling sows fed hemp seed oil-containing diets, whereas no C18:4n-3 could be detected hence indicating conversion of α-linolenic acid (ALA) and stearidonic acid (SDA) to the longer chained n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids. Dietary fat source also influenced number of born piglets, their weight gain during first week, plasma concentration of glucose and IgG, and haematological profile. Conclusions The hemp seed oil resulted in direct maternal supply with n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFA), especially ALA and SDA, and piglets were able to convert these fatty acids obtained via the sow milk intake to C20:5n-3 and C22:5n-3. Furthermore, some interesting effects of the 5% hemp seed oil was obtained with regard to piglet initial body weight gain and glucose, which could be of interest for further research, i.e., the capability of hemp seed oil to benefit piglets during early life.

scholarly journals Effects of vitamin E, an oil blend and L-Arginine on breast meat from broiler chickens

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Khatun ◽  
T. C. Loh ◽  
H. L. Foo ◽  
H. Akit ◽  
R. Mohamad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Meat Quality ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Sunflower Oil ◽  
The Other ◽  
Breast Meat ◽  
Free Thiol ◽  
Oil Blend

The study examined the effects of supplementing vitamin E on the fatty acid profile and breast meat quality of broilers fed diets containing an oil blend and L-Arginine. Two hundred sixteen Cobb 500 one-day-old broilers were randomly allocated to six treatments, namely T1: 6% palm oil (control); T2: blend of 4% palm oil and 2% sunflower oil + 0.25% L-Arginine (positive control); T3: T2 with 20 mg/kg vitamin E added; T4: T2 with 50 mg/kg vitamin E added; T5: T2 with 100 mg/kg vitamin E added; and T6: T2 supplemented with 150 mg/kg vitamin E. Relative to T1, the other diets increased growth rate and improved feed conversion ratio (FCR) similarly. Linoleic, arachidonic, and polyunsaturated fatty acids were greater and palmitic and saturated fatty acids were lower in the meat of birds fed T2–T6 relative to T1. Supplementation of vitamin E reduced drip loss (DL) and increased redness, tenderness, free thiol content, and the oxidative stability of meat during storage at 4 °C. Regardless of diet, free thiol, redness and Warner-Bratzler shear force (WBSF) value decreased significantly, whereas the carbonyl content, thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS), and DL of breast meat increased over the ageing period. In conclusion, relative to T1, the other diets were effective in improving growth performance and meat quality during post-mortem storage Key words: fatty acid profile, free thiol, lipid oxidation, palm oil, protein oxidation, sunflower oil

scholarly journals The effect of dietary vitamin E and selenium supplements on the fatty acid profile and quality traits of eggs

2013 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 719-732 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Zduńczyk ◽  
A. Drażbo ◽  
J. Jankowski ◽  
J. Juśkiewicz ◽  
Z. Antoszkiewicz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Soybean Oil ◽  
Fatty Acid Profile ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Dietary Vitamin ◽  
Quality Traits ◽  
Selenium Supplements

Abstract. The present study investigated the effect of supplementing a diet containing 5 % soybean oil, which provided 30 g/kg of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), with two levels of vitamin E (30 or 60 mg/kg, as-is basis) in combination with two levels of selenium (0.15 or 0.30 mg/kg, as-is basis) on hen performance, the fatty acid profile and antioxidant status of the yolk. A 12-week study was performed on 32 Lohmann Brown hens with 8 birds in each group.

scholarly journals Effect of Supplementation of Several Edible Plant Oils on Nutrient Utilization and Blood Profile of Beef Cattle

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Polviset ◽  
N. Prakobsaeng ◽  
N. Wetchakama
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Soybean Oil ◽  
Rice Straw ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Sunflower Oil ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Nutrient Utilization ◽  
Blood Profile ◽  
Total Mixed Ration

Background: In Southeast Asia a high level with the agricultural productivity, especially rice straw is produced for livestock feed such as buffalo and beef cattle. However rice straw is poor quality (low in protein and its high silica content). Subsequently, ruminant nutritionists have established to increase the potential of poor quality roughages for animal feeding such as Total mixed ration (TMR) using rice straw as a roughage source with vegetable oils to increase energy density in the diet, that can improve by produced for ruminant diet. Methods: In this field-laboratory investigation during 2017-2018. Three animals, one and half year old with live weight 120 ± 15.50 kg, were randomly assigned in 3 x 3 latin square design. Each period of feeding lasted for 21 days. During the experimental periods, all cattle were fed total mixed ration (TMR; containing rice straw: concentrate ratio as 40:60), adding soybean oil (SO), palm oil (PO) and sunflower oil (SFO) supplementations. Total fat in TMRs were at 3 percentages. Result: Our investigations were to evaluate the effect of soybean oil (SO), palm oil (PO) and sunflower oil (SFO) supplementations at 3 percentages of total fat in total mixed ration on voluntary feed intake, digestibility, blood profile and fatty acid compositions in the plasma of crossbred Thai native x American Brahman Cattle. The results revealed that treatments did not affect voluntary feed intake (kgDM/head/day; g/KgW0.75) (P is greater than 0.05), but feeding with soybean oil, it was non significantly higher (2.94 kgDM/day). Additionally, nutrient intake and apparent digestibility of organic matter (OM),crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fibre (NDF), acid detergent fibre (ADF) and rumen fermentation except total volatile fatty acids (VFAs) were not affected among all the three treatments, but dry matter (DM) digestibility in soybean and palm oil group animals were recorded significantly higher (P is less than 0.01) than sunflower oil. However blood glucose, blood urea nitrogen, cholesterol, triglyceride, high density lipoprotein and low density lipoprotein and fatty acid composition in plasma were not influenced due to treatments (P is greater than 0.05). Based on this study, feeding beef cattle with SO, PO and SFO should not exceed 3%? in TMR to achieve 7% without any adverse effect on nutrient utilization, rumen fermentation, blood profile and fatty acid compositions in plasma.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document