scholarly journals Women Empowerment in Different Household Issues of Bangladesh

1970 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 41-45
Author(s):  
Umme Rumana Zaman ◽  
Md Mizanur Rahman ◽  
Syed Md Akram Hussain ◽  
Mahbub Zaki
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Study Finding ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Transformation Process ◽  
Age Difference ◽  
Women Empowerment ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Husband And Wife

During the last few decades, developing countries in the world has been going through an intensive transformation process related to change in demographic and in the use of human capital. These changes have important implications for women empowerment which they tend to systematically alter the marginal utility of consumption over the life cycle. Considering this view, this cross sectional study was aimed to find out the level of women empowerment in purposively selected areas of Bangladesh. A total 206 married women were interviewed face to face using structured questionnaire. To assess the level of women empowerment, a series of questions were asked with a view to assessing the level of participation in different household and family matters. On the basis of 18 variables, a composite level of women empowerment was assessed by Principal Component Analysis (PCA) using computer simulation and categorized into three groups. It was found that 40% had poor level of empowerment, 19% had fair and 41 had good level of women empowerment. Bi-variate analysis revealed that level of women empowerment was found to be high among the respondents living in urban areas, less number of children, religion Islam, higher level of education of husband and wife, working status of husband and wife, monthly family income and living in pucca house condition (p<0.05). However, no statistically significant association was found between current age of husband and wife, age at marriage and spousal age difference (p>0.05). Though the study had some limitations, but the study finding would be helpful for policymakers concerning implementing the programme for empowering women through different intervention programmes. Key words: Women Empowerment, Household Decision Making, Bangladesh   DOI: 10.3329/bmj.v37i2.3591 Bangladesh Medical Journal 37(2) 2008 41-45

scholarly journals Eco-epidemiological factors' of Head Lice in 10-12 year-old girls in Birjand City in 2017

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Razieh Lashkari ◽  
Mohammad Hassan Ehrampoush ◽  
GholamReza SHarifzadeh ◽  
Mohammad Taghi Ghaneian ◽  
Ali Dehghani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Head Lice ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Epidemiological Factors ◽  
Head Lice Infestation ◽  
Habitat History

Introduction: Lice are external  parasites found in all socioeconomic classes around the world, which infect millions of people, especially children aged 5-14 years. Considering the growing and epidemiological trend of head lice in recent years, despite careful health care, more prognosis is needed. Therefore, this study aimed to study eco-epidemiological factors of head lice in 10-12 year-old girls in Birjand City in 2017. Methods: This cross-sectional study with descriptive-analytic approach was conducted in Birjand City in the 2017. The participants were selected using cluster sampling method from girl primary schools in Birjand City and its suburb areas. Data were entered into SPSS version 22 and analyzed by logistic regression test at significant level of 0.0.5 Results: Head lice was evaluated in 2417 elementary school girls. The prevalence of head lice infection was 13.6% (n=329) in the population. The prevalence of contamination in urban areas was two times higher than the suburb areas. Significant correlations were observed between head lice infestation and father's education, mother's education, parent's job, family income, nationality, presence of foreigners in a class, habitat, history of previous student infections, presence of an infected person in the family, use of common Chador (piece of cloth worn by Muslim women to cover their body and hair) for praying  at school. (p<0.05) Conclusion: The prevalence of head lice infection in the present study was higher than other studies. The prevalence of head lice infection was also higher in the suburbs. So,  preventive measures, especially in the suburbs are required with regard to factors associated with infection by the health system.

scholarly journals A comparative study on women empowerment in urban and rural setting in Tamil Nadu

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 1108
Author(s):  
P. Saravanakumar ◽  
J. Elizabeth Varakumari
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Family Planning ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Urban Setting ◽  
Rural Setting ◽  
Women Empowerment ◽  
Health Seeking ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background: Women empowerment is vital for decision making on nutrition, health-seeking, family planning and economic issues for the family as a whole. In reality, there is prevalence of unequal gender norms among the women in India in urban and rural area. The objective of the study was to compare the empowerment of women in urban and rural setting in Tamil Nadu.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Nandivaram (RHTC) and Shenoy Nagar (UHTC) attached to Government Kilpauk Medical College among 200 married women of age 15-49 years with a semi-structured questionnaire during June 2018. Data was entered and analyzed in SPSS 16. Chi Square test and logistic regression was used for statistical analysis.Results: Mean age in rural group was 26.74±6.45 years and 30.4±7.35 in urban. Illiterates were 27% in rural and 14% in urban. About 67% were homemakers in rural vs. 43% in urban. About 33% were BPL in rural vs. 21% in urban. Decision making regarding household decisions, about73% in rural vs. 87% urban had participated. In health seeking behavior, 77 % in rural had no say while only 45% in urban. For Family planning, 33% in rural vs. 74% in urban had decision making which were statistically significant. Only 33% contributed to family income in rural vs. 47% in urban.Conclusions: Women empowerment is better in urban setting than rural setting. There is a strong need to create awareness and training in rural setting for better productive life.

scholarly journals A study of Dhat syndrome- a culture bound syndrome in Nepalese context

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Dhungana ◽  
SR Ghimire ◽  
M Thapa
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Somatic Symptoms ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mental Health Clinics ◽  
Related Information ◽  
Health Clinics ◽  
Tingling Sensation ◽  
Body Ache

Introduction: Dhat syndrome is generally believed to be a culture-bound which is characterized by excessive preoccupation with loss of "Dhat", which is generally taken to be representing semen. The study evaluated the symptoms of patient with Dhat syndrome visiting three mental health clinics of Rupandehi district.Material and Method This descriptive cross- sectional study was conducted in three different Psychiatry outpatient clinics at Rupandehi district of Nepal. Purposive sampling, a type of non-random sampling was utilized for the study. A total 50 patients with Dhat syndrome were enrolled in the study. A semi-structured Performa containing socio-demographic and Dhat syndrome symptoms related information was filled by respondents after providing written informed consent.Results: The patients were predominantly young adults, male with mean age of 23.1±4.6. Majority of them were in age group 18-25 years, hindu by religion, living in non-urban areas, family income of 5000-10000 per month, literate and unmarried. A range of psychological and somatic symptoms associated with Dhat syndrome were revealed. Most common symptoms found in the study were excessive worries (96%), tingling sensation of body (86%), weakness (80%), decrease interest (80%), fatigue (76%), depressed mood (74%), and generalized body ache (72%).Conclusion: Dhat syndrome presented with a range of psychological and somatic symptoms. Any male patient presenting with multiple somatic symptoms must be evaluated for Dhat syndrome and the physician must enquire about the semen loss and the associated beliefs.J Psychiatrists’ Association of Nepal Vol .6(1), 2017, p.33-37

scholarly journals Household Food Security During The COVID-19 Pandemic in Urban and Semi-Urban Areas in Indonesia.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad Syafiq ◽  
Sandra Fikawati ◽  
Syilga Cahya Gemily
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Household Food Security ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Household Food ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background One of the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic was the weakening of the community's economic condition. The weak economy of the community will have an impact on household food security. This study aims to determine food security in the COVID-19 pandemic situation and the impact of the pandemic on food security in urban and semi-urban areas. Methods A cross-sectional study with a total sample of 517 people who live in urban (Jakarta) and semi-urban (Depok) areas. The research data was collected online and purposively through Posyandu cadres who have access to family/community. Data analysis used the chi-square test and multiple logistic regression. Results There were 65.0% of households had food insecurity during the COVID-19 pandemic. The results of the multivariate analysis showed that family income during the COVID-19 pandemic (AOR = 4.2; 95%CI = 2.7–6.7), the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic (AOR = 2.6; 95%CI = 1.6–4.1), and the age of the respondent (AOR = 1.7; 95%CI = 1.1–2.5) was significantly related to household food security after being controlled by husband's work status during the pandemic. Conclusions The COVID-19 pandemic has an impact on employment and income which then decreasing the level of household food security.

scholarly journals Advertisements in Various Television Channels on Food items & Understandability of Telecasted Programs Influencing Nutritional Status of Urban Graduate Mothers

2013 ◽  
pp. 65-76
Author(s):  
Ayesha Begum ◽  
Sonia Zebsyn ◽  
Md Aminul Haque Bhuyan
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Nutrition Education ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Child Nutrition ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Lactation Period ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Impact

A descriptive cross sectional study was carried out amongst eighty graduate mothers having U-5 years children from different socio-economic groups of Mohammadpur area in Dhaka city. They were interviewed on nutrition related programs thorough television. The purpose of the study was to determine the impact of advertisements and understandability of nutrition education programs through different TV channels among the respondents and also the impact of these programs on maternal and child nutrition (MCN). Results of the study showed that the programs of mass media like TV on nutritional aspects influence the nutritional awareness of the respondents. Most of the graduate mothers practiced extra diet as special food taken during pregnancy and lactation period of which television was the major source of knowledge compared to radio, newspaper, doctor and family members. Again 52.5% respondents were normal along with 33.8% respondents were overweight and rests of 13.7% mothers were obese. Furthermore, 82% U5C’s nutritional status were normal whereas only 3% were found in border line according to MUAC. Few U-5 children were found overweight by WAZ. So adult and child overweight are increasing day by day in urban areas which need great attention to prevent chronic diseases. From this study, it was revealed that no relationship exist between family income and nutritional status of the respondents and also between the educational level and nutritional status of them (P value > 0.05). It may be concluded from the study that the exposure to nutrition related programs through different television channels had a role to improve the nutritional status. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjnut.v24i0.14037 Bangladesh J. Nutr. Vol. 24-25 Dec 2011-2012 pp.65-76

scholarly journals Maternal Health Care Practices among Mothers of a Selected Slum in Dhaka City

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 166-169
Author(s):  
Mohoshina Karim ◽  
Shayela Farah
Keyword(s):  
Antenatal Care ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Urban Poverty ◽  
Asian Country ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Family Welfare ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Fear And Anxiety

Background: Bangladesh is a small South Asian country which became independent in 1971 after a bloody war. Rapid urbanisation in Bangladesh (26% of the 147.1 million inhabitants live in urban areas) is fuelling a growth in urban poverty, particularly in the urban slums where the quality of life is extremely poor. The average population density in slums was reported in 2005 as 831 persons per acre or 205,415 people per square kilometre.1 Early commencement of antenatal care by pregnant women as well as regular visits has the potential to affect maternal and foetal outcome.Objective: To assess the status of ANC service used by the pregnant mothers and their socio-demographic characteristics.Materials and Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted at Moghbazar slum area in Dhaka district of Bangladesh, during January to June 2014. A total of 161 slum dwellers were enrolled in the study. Information regarding education, occupation, monthly family income, antenatal care was gathered using a pretested structured questionnnare and data were analysed.Results: The majority respondents had knowledge about antenatal care and of them 89 (55.2%) completed ?3 visits. Forty five (47.8%) pregnant women received ANC from government hospitals. Nearly 72% mothers received ANC service from doctors and 16.9% received from family welfare visitors (FWV). Half of mothers were satisfied with the overall care provided to them. About 86.2% mothers said that they had to wait for more than two hours for check-ups. More than 50% received information about exercise and 36% were reassured about discussing fear and anxiety about pregnancy.Conclusion: This study reveals that antenatal care provided was not up to the mark of standard care and measures should be taken to improve it.J Enam Med Col 2015; 5(3): 166-169

scholarly journals Socio-Demographic Characteristics of Mentally ill Patients Admitted to Different Hospitals of Dhaka City

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 44-49
Author(s):  
Maksumul Hakim ◽  
Jinnatul Airin ◽  
Salma Naher ◽  
Mohammad Ali ◽  
Mushtaq Ahmad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mentally Ill ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Dhaka City ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Microsoft Office

Introduction: Mental health is essentially as important as the physical health required of an individual to maintain. There are many factors that seem to play a role in the genesis of mental illness.Objective: This study was conducted among the mentally ill patients admitted to four hospitals of Dhaka city with a view to find out their socio demographic characteristics of mental illness.Materials and Methods: It was a descriptive type of cross sectional study. A total number of 81 patients and their near relatives were interviewed at four medical institutions through a structured questionnaire. A checklist was used for clinical diagnosis of the patients. A master sheet was prepared followed by questionnaire plotting all the information. Then data were analyzed according to objectives and necessary tables were prepared accordingly by case appropriate variables of the study using Microsoft office program.Results: The study results showed that 81.49% patients were male and 18.51% patients were female. Of the total patients 71.61% were found in the age group of unto 30 years. Maximum patients (61.73%) were found within the monthly family income of BDT 2500/- to 4500/- only. 53.03% of patients were married followed by 39.51% of unmarried. The study revealed that 58.02% patients hailed from urban area. 61.73% patients were educated up to secondary level and only 8.64% patients were illiterate. Regarding occupation 27.17% patients were cultivator and 16.05% were students. The study reflected that 48.15% patients were smokers and very few (6.17%) were drug drug addicts. 61.73% patients were living in joint families.50.62% patients did not receive treatment prior to admission. Of the total 49.38% treated cases (prior to admission), 25% cases were treated from the homeopath and only 25% were consulted with specialist.Conclusion: The lower and middle socio economic group and literate group from urban areas living in joint family suffered more from mental illness. There is need for appropriate policy to address the problems of families with mentally ill patients at the family and community levels.Journal of Armed Forces Medical College Bangladesh Vol.10(2) 2014

scholarly journals Maternal depression and loss of children under the one-child family planning policy in China: a cross-sectional study of 300 000 women

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. e048554
Author(s):  
Hanyu Wang ◽  
Eric Frasco ◽  
Jie Shang ◽  
Minne Chen ◽  
Tong Xin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Maternal Depression ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Only Child ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Live Births ◽  
Child Group

ObjectivesThis study aims to explore the association between maternal depression and the loss of the only child under the family-planning (FP) policy.DesignCross-sectional data from a Chinese population-based study were analysed.SettingPopulation from 10 (5 rural and 5 urban) areas in China.ParticipantsAround 300 000 females were included in the study. The FP group was defined as women with one or two live births. Those with no surviving child were classified into the loss-of-only-child group. The non-FP group included women who had more than two live births. Logistic regression was used to assess the relationship between major depressive disorder (MDD) and family types, after stratification and adjustment.OutcomeMDD was assessed using the Composite International Diagnostic Inventory.ResultsThe odds of MDD are 1.42 times higher in the FP group in general (OR=1.42, 95% CI: 1.28 to 1.57), as opposed to the non-FP group. In particular, the odds of MDD are 1.36 times greater in the non-loss-of-only-child group (OR=1.36, 95% CI: 1.21 to 1.51) and 2.80 (OR=2.80, 95% CI: 0.88 to 8.94) times greater in the loss-of-only-child group, compared with the non-FP group. The associations between FP groups and MDD appeared to be stronger in the elderly population, in those who were married, less educated and those with a higher household income. The association was found progressively stronger in those who lost their only child.ConclusionsPeople in the FP group, especially those who lost their only child, are more susceptible to MDD than their counterparts in the non-FP group. Mental health programmes should give special care to those who lost their only child and take existing social policies and norms, such as FP policies, into consideration.

scholarly journals Empty shelves: selected essential medicines stockouts in South Africa

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
L Wolvaardt ◽  
R Nemuntandani ◽  
I Kamungoma-Dada
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Treatment Interruption ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Essential Medicines ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Antiretroviral Medication

Abstract Background Access to essential medicines in South Africa has been compromised by stockouts in health facilities. This study describes the occurrence of stockouts for a selection of essential medicines. Methods This cross-sectional study used secondary data retrieved from the Stop Stock Outs Project (SSP). A descriptive analysis was conducted on data from the 2013-2015 SSP case management database of routinely reported stockouts. Chi square tests of independence was conducted on data from the SSP 2015 annual telephonic survey to investigate associations between the occurrence of stockouts, the level of health facility and the type of health professional. Results 231 facilities reported 609 stockouts. Antiretroviral medication had the most stockout reports (78%; n = 475/609), followed by anti-infectives (17.1%; n = 104/609) and tuberculosis medication (4.9%; n = 30/609). The highest number of stockout reports were received from Gauteng province and the majority (71.09%; n = 150/211) of facilities reporting stockouts were in urban areas. There were more stockouts at ambulatory, rather than inpatient care, facilities however, this was not statistically significant. Conclusions This study confirms that South Africa experiences medicine stockouts for many of the essential medicines, with antiretroviral medication being the category most affected. The stockouts vary between provinces and the urban-rural divide but are an equal threat to both ambulatory and inpatient facilities. Key messages The pattern of stockouts experienced over a three-year period suggest that stockouts are ‘normal’ despite the substantive effects of treatment interruption – especially patients with HIV and/or TB. Antiretroviral therapy is at risk as a result of stockouts.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document