scholarly journals Genetic Diversity and Screening of Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Genotypes for Drought Tolerance at Reproductive Phase

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-34
Author(s):  
MS Pervin ◽  
T Halder ◽  
M Khalequzzaman ◽  
MA Kader ◽  
TL Aditya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Drought Stress ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Yield Reduction ◽  
Growth Duration ◽  
Reproductive Phase ◽  
Panicle Number ◽  
Rice Genotypes

Drought is a major abiotic constraint for growing rain-fed rice in Bangladesh. A total of 175 rice genotypes were evaluated using field-managed screening protocol to identify reproductive phase drought tolerant genotypes at Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Gazipur, Bangladesh. Twelve morpho-physiological characters viz, growth duration, plant height, tiller number per plant, panicle number per plant, panicle length, filled grain number per plant, sterility percentage, filled grain weight per plant, 1000 grain weight (TGW), straw weight per plant, harvest index (HI) and percent yield reduction were recorded. Multivariate analysis was carried out by using software Genstat 5.5 to measure genetic divergence among the rice genotypes. In total 175 genotypes were constellated into ten clusters in which the cluster I exhibited maximum genetic distances from cluster V and the lowest genetic distance was between cluster II and X. Inter-cluster distances were higher than the intra-cluster distances suggesting wider genetic diversity among the genotypes of different clusters and homogeneity among the genotypes within the cluster. Among the 12 studied characters percent yield reduction contributed maximum towards total divergence in the genotypes, which revealed that these parameters contributed more to grain yield under drought stress. The genotypes of cluster I namely Canthi bakla (BRRI Genebank Acc. No. 7279), Nizersail (BRRI Genebank Acc. No. 7281), Hashim (BRRI Genebank Acc. No. 7283), Uricheora (BRRI Genebank Acc. No. 7311), Goura Kajol (BRRI Genebank Acc. No. 7312), Chini Sail (BRRI Genebank Acc. No. 7343), Tall Biruin (BRRI Genebank Acc. No. 7355), Sakkar Khora (BRRI Genebank Acc. No. 7506) and Boaincha Biruim (BRRI Genebank Acc. No. 7573) performed better under drought stress, which could be used in the crossing programme as donor parent for the development of varietyBangladesh Rice j. 2017, 21(1): 27-34

scholarly journals Genetic Diversity of Bacterial Blight Resistant Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Genotypes from INGER

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 59-64
Author(s):  
F Akter ◽  
MZ Islam ◽  
A Akter ◽  
SK Debsharma ◽  
A Shama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Bacterial Blight ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Growth Duration ◽  
Panicle Number ◽  
Cluster Distance ◽  
1000 Grain Weight

Genetic diversity of 65 rice genotypes was studied from IRBBN (International Rice Bacterial Blight Nursery) of INGER (International Network for Genetic Evaluation of Rice) materials through Mahalanobis D2 statistic for grain yield and yield contributing characters. The genotypes were grouped into five clusters. The inter-cluster distances were higher than intra-cluster distances indicating wider genetic diversity among the genotypes of different clusters. The intra-cluster distances were lower in all the cases reflecting homogeneity of the genotypes within the clusters. The cluster III contained the highest number of genotypes (23) and the clusterv contained the lowest (8). The highest intra-cluster distance was noticed for the cluster I and lowest for cluster III. The highest inter-cluster distance was observed between cluster I and V, followed by cluster IV and V, cluster II andV and the lowest between cluster I and IV. Regarding inter-cluster distance, the genotypes of cluster V showed high genetic distance from all other clusters. The genotypes from cluster V could be hybridized with the genotypes of other clusters for producing transgressive segregants. Based on canonical vector analysis, panicle number per plant had maximum contribution towards genetic divergence. The highest cluster means for yield, grain/panicle and spikelet fertility were obtained from cluster V. The highest means for 1000 grain weight, second higher yield and the lowest growth duration were found in cluster II, while the lowest mean value for yield and 1000 grain weight and higher mean value for growth duration were found in cluster IV. The crosses between the genotypes/parents of cluster V and cluster II, cluster V and cluster I would exhibit high heterosis as well as higher level of yield potential. Therefore, more emphasis should be given for selection of the genotypes from clusters II and V for future breeding programme. Bangladesh Rice j. 2019, 23(2): 59-64

scholarly journals Genetic diversity assessment of Rice (Oryza sativa L.) germplasm using ssr markers

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahasanul Hoque ◽  
Shamsun Nahar Begum ◽  
Lutful Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Ssr Markers ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Growth Duration ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Diversity Assessment ◽  
Days To Heading ◽  
Early Maturing ◽  
Rice Genotypes ◽  
Selection Of

Diversity at molecular level among thirty rice genotypes, selected based on earliness and morphometric diversity was evaluated through five SSR markers associated with days to heading. Three primers viz., RM147, RM167 and RM215 showed polymorphism for growth duration related traits. A total of 17 alleles were detected among the 30 rice genotypes with an average of 5.66 alleles per locus. Polymorphism Information Content (PIC) ranged from 0.356 to 0.798 with an average of 0.543. A dendrogram based on total microsatellite polymorphism grouped 30 genotypes into four major clusters at 0.39 similarity coefficient differentiating early maturing genotypes from others. This information about the genetic diversity will be very useful for proper identification and selection of appropriate parents for future breeding programs, including gene mapping. The results also showed that microsatellite markers associated to genes or QTLs controlling growth duration properties are suitable tools for marker assisted selection (MAS) to select rice lines with short growth duration. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ralf.v1i1.22354 Res. Agric., Livest. Fish.1(1): 37-46, Dec 2014

scholarly journals GENETIC DIVERSITY IN LOCAL BORO RICE (Oryza sativa L.) GENOTYPES OF BANGLADESH

2013 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Siddique ◽  
M. Khalequzzaman ◽  
M. Z. Islam ◽  
M. S. Ahamed ◽  
E. S. M. H. Rashid
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Growth Duration ◽  
Cluster Distance ◽  
Flag Leaf Length ◽  
1000 Grain Weight ◽  
Boro Rice

Genetic diversity in 40 traditional boro rice genotypes was studied under irrigated condition through Mahalanobis D2 statistic for grain yield and yield contributing characters. The genotypes were grouped into five clusters. The inter-cluster distances were higher than intra-cluster distances indicating wider genetic diversity among the clusters. The intra-cluster distances were lower in all the cases reflecting homogeneity of the genotypes within the clusters. The cluster IV contained the highest number of genotypes (22) and the cluster II and V contained the lowest (1). The highest intra-cluster distance was noticed for the cluster III and lowest for cluster II and V. The highest inter-cluster distance was observed between cluster II and III followed by cluster II and V, cluster I and II and the lowest between cluster I and IV. Regarding inter-cluster distance, the genotypes of cluster II   showed high genetic distance from all other clusters. The genotypes from cluster II could be hybridized with the genotypes of other clusters for producing transgressive segregants. Based on positive value of vector 1 and vector 2, panicle/hill had maximum contribution towards genetic divergence. The highest cluster means for yield, flag leaf length and grain length breadth ratio were obtained from cluster IV. The highest 1000-grain weight, shortest growth duration and grain breadth were found in cluster II while the lowest mean value for yield, flag leaf length, filled grains and 1000 grain weight were found in cluster V.  Therefore, more emphasis should be given on cluster II, III and cluster IV for selecting genotypes as parents for crossing with the genotypes of cluster V which would be used to produce new recombinants with desired traits.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjpbg.v26i1.19980

scholarly journals Genetic Diversity in Sadajira Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Germplasm

2014 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
MZ Islam ◽  
MA Siddique ◽  
ESMH Rashid ◽  
MS Ahmed ◽  
M Khalequzzaman
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Growth Duration ◽  
Panicle Number ◽  
Cluster Distance ◽  
1000 Grain Weight

Genetic diversity of 40 traditional Bangladeshi rice genotypes was studied under rainfed condition through Mahalanobis D2 statistic for grain yield and yield contributing characters. The genotypes were grouped into six clusters. The inter-cluster distances were higher than intra-cluster distances indicating wider genetic diversity among the genotypes of different clusters. The intra-cluster distances were lower in all the cases reflecting homogeneity of the genotypes within the clusters. The cluster VI contained the highest number of genotypes (18) and the clusters I and II contained the lowest (1). The highest intra-cluster distance was noticed for the cluster IV and lowest for cluster VI. The highest inter-cluster distance was observed between cluster I and IV, followed by cluster I and II, cluster I and III and the lowest between cluster III and IV. Regarding inter-cluster distance, the genotypes of cluster IV showed high genetic distance from all other clusters. The genotypes from cluster IV could be hybridized with the genotypes of other clusters for producing transgressive segregants. Based on canonical vector analysis, panicle number per plant and 1000 grain weight had maximum contribution towards genetic divergence. The highest cluster means for yield, filled grains panicle-1 and grain breadth were obtained from cluster VI. The highest means for plant height, flag leaf area, unfilled grains panicle-1, harvest index and the lowest growth duration were found in cluster I, while the lowest mean value for yield, grain length, 1000 grain weight, plant height and highest mean value for days to flowering and maturity were found in cluster II. The crosses between the genotypes/parents of cluster VI and cluster II, cluster VI and cluster V would exhibit high heterosis as well as higher level of yield potential. Therefore, more emphasis should be given for selection of the genotypes from clusters I, VI and V for future breeding program.  DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/agric.v12i1.19576The Agriculturists 2014; 12(1) 26-32

scholarly journals GENETIC DIVERSITY ANALYSIS IN RICE (Oryza sativa L.)

2012 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-39
Author(s):  
S. P. Chakma ◽  
H. Huq ◽  
F. Mahmud ◽  
A. Husna
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Canonical Variate ◽  
Potential Donor ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Cluster Distance ◽  
Rice Genotypes ◽  
1000 Grain Weight

The experiment was conducted under the agro-ecological zone of Modhupur Tract (AEZ-28) to determine the genetic diversity among 39 rice genotypes, collected from Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Lal Teer Seed Ltd. and Chittagong Hill Tracts. The genotypes were grouped into six clusters based on Mahalanobis’s D2 statistics and Canonical Variate Analysis. Cluster I consisted with the highest number of (11) genotypes from different origin, whereas cluster IV consisted with the lowest number of (3) genotypes. Cluster III consisted of BRRI dhan 28, BRRI dhan 45, Gold, Tia, Dowel and Moyna showed maximum mean yield. Maximum inter cluster distance was recorded between cluster II and cluster III. The highest inter genotypic distance was observed between Tharak dhan and BRRI dhan 45. Cluster III had the highest mean values for grain yield, harvest index, 1000-grain weight and number of effective tillers per hill and cluster V for number of primary branches per panicle and cluster VI for number of filled grains per panicle that had significant positive correlation with grain yield. Number of unfilled grains per panicle, 1000-grain weight and grain yield showed maximum contribution towards genetic divergence. The genotypes from these clusters with desirable characters may be used as potential donor for future hybridization program to develop high yielders.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjpbg.v25i1.17010

scholarly journals Diversity analysis of some selected rice genotypes through SSR- based molecular markers

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 307-311 ◽  
Author(s):  
MH Shahriar ◽  
AHK Robin ◽  
SN Begum ◽  
A Hoque
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Marker Assisted Selection ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Diversity Analysis ◽  
Growth Duration ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Early Maturing ◽  
Rice Genotypes

An experiment was carried out to assess the genetic diversity of advanced rice (Oryza sativa L.) breeding lines using three SSR markers viz., RM147, RM167 and RM215. Thirty T- aman advanced breeding lines at F9 generation along with 4 check varieties were assessed. All three primers showed polymorphism. A total of 29 alleles were detected among the rice genotypes with an average of 9.67 alleles per locus. Polymorphism information content (PIC) ranged from 0.47 to 0.88 with an average of 0.71. A dendrogram was constructed based on total microsatellite polymorphism and 34 genotypes were grouped into four major clusters at 0.36 similarity co-efficient differentiating the early maturing genotypes from the late maturing types. The information about the genetic diversity might be utilized in future breeding programs for developing rice varieties with much shorter growth duration. The results also suggested that microsatellite markers which are linked to genes or QTLs responsible for growth duration properties are suitable tools for marker assisted selection (MAS) to select the rice genotypes of shorter growth duration.J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 12(2): 307-311, December 2014

scholarly journals Assessment of Genetic Diversity in Rice (Oryza sativa L.) under Irrigated and Drought Stress Condition

2020 ◽  
pp. 112-125
Author(s):  
Sadia Perween ◽  
Anand Kumar ◽  
Bishun Deo Prasad ◽  
Mukesh Choudhary
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Drought Stress ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Stress Condition ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
Spikelets Per Panicle ◽  
Cluster Distance ◽  
Breeding Programmes ◽  
Drought Stress Condition

A set of 48 rice genotypes were evaluated to assess the magnitude of genetic diversity under irrigated (control) and reproductive stage drought stress conditions during Kharif, 2018 at Rice Research Farm, Bihar Agricultural University, Sabour (Bhagalpur), India. On the basis of D2 statistics, all the genotypes were grouped into nineteen clusters in irrigated condition with cluster I consisting of maximum number of genotypes (24) followed by cluster III (7) and rest of the clusters were represented by single genotype in irrigated condition. Under drought stress condition, forty eight genotypes were grouped into eleven clusters, cluster I consisted of maximum number of genotypes (24) followed by cluster II and III (8 genotypes in each cluster) and rest of the clusters were mono-genotypic. The highest inter-cluster distance was recorded between cluster XVIII and XIX (28.53), followed by cluster X and VIII (24.20), cluster XIII and XVIII (23.98) and cluster VII and XVIII (23.79) in irrigated condition while in drought stress condition the highest inter-cluster distance was observed between cluster IX and X (31.72), followed by cluster V and IX (28.77), cluster VI and VII (25.98) and cluster IV and IX (25.98) indicating wider genetic diversity among the genotypes between these clusters. The hybridisation programme involving genotype of cluster XVIII and cluster XIX under irrigated condition and the genotypes of cluster IX and X under drought stress condition could be undertaken to isolate high yielding segregants, since these genotypes have high yielding potential, number of effective tillers per hill, relative water content, leaf area, root biomass, panicle length, biological yield, harvest index, plant height, number of fertile grains per panicle, total number of spikelets per panicle, leaf area and proline content with more genetic distances. The parents for hybridisation could be selected on the basis of their large inter-cluster distance for isolating useful recombinants in the segregating generations. Hence, these genotypes might be used in a multiple crossing programme to recover transgressive segregants. Therefore, it is suggested that if the diverse genotypes from these groups along with the other desirable attributes are used in breeding programmes, it is expected to produce better segregants for high grain yield and yield contributing traits due to non-allelic interaction.

scholarly journals Genetic Diversity of Boro Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Landraces in Bangladesh

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 33-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Akter ◽  
M. Z. Islam ◽  
M. A. Siddique ◽  
T. Chakrabarty ◽  
M. Khalequzzaman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Growth Duration ◽  
Cluster Distance ◽  
Transgressive Segregants ◽  
Rice Genotypes ◽  
1000 Grain Weight ◽  
Boro Rice

Genetic diversity of 45 traditional Bangladeshi boro rice genotypes was studied through Mahalanobis D2 statistics and was grouped into six clusters. The inter-cluster distances were higher than intra-cluster distances indicating wider genetic diversity among the genotypes of different clusters. The intra-cluster distances were lower in all the cases reflecting homogeneity of the genotypes within the cluster. The cluster V contained the highest number of genotypes (14) and the cluster I and VI contained the lowest (4) number. The highest intra-cluster distance was noticed for the cluster VI and the lowest for cluster V. The highest inter-cluster distance was observed between cluster I and VI followed by cluster II and VI, cluster I and V and the lowest between cluster II and IV. The genotypes from cluster VI could be selected as parents for hybridization for producing transgressive segregants. The highest cluster means for yield, grains per panicle and grain length-breath ratio were obtained from cluster I; whereas higher yield, grain breath, 1000 grain weight, flag leaf area, shortest growth duration were obtained from cluster V. Therefore, more emphasis should be given on cluster I, cluster V and cluster VI for selecting genotypes as parents to produce new recombinants with desired traits.

scholarly journals Genetic Diversity of Selected Rice Genotypes under Water Stress Conditions

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 27
Author(s):  
Mahmoud M. Gaballah ◽  
Azza M. Metwally ◽  
Milan Skalicky ◽  
Mohamed M. Hassan ◽  
Marian Brestic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Water Stress ◽  
Drought Stress ◽  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Ssr Markers ◽  
Similarity Index ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Drought Tolerant ◽  
Rice Genotypes

Drought is the most challenging abiotic stress for rice production in the world. Thus, developing new rice genotype tolerance to water scarcity is one of the best strategies to achieve and maximize high yield potential with water savings. The study aims to characterize 16 rice genotypes for grain and agronomic parameters under normal and drought stress conditions, and genetic differentiation, by determining specific DNA markers related to drought tolerance using Simple Sequence Repeats (SSR) markers and grouping cultivars, establishing their genetic relationship for different traits. The experiment was conducted under irrigated (normal) and water stress conditions. Mean squares due to genotype × environment interactions were highly significant for major traits. For the number of panicles/plants, the genotypes Giza179, IET1444, Hybrid1, and Hybrid2 showed the maximum mean values. The required sterility percentage values were produced by genotypes IET1444, Giza178, Hybrid2, and Giza179, while, Sakha101, Giza179, Hybrid1, and Hybrid2 achieved the highest values of grain yield/plant. The genotypes Giza178, Giza179, Hybrid1, and Hybrid2, produced maximum values for water use efficiency. The effective number of alleles per locus ranged from 1.20 alleles to 3.0 alleles with an average of 1.28 alleles, and the He values for all SSR markers used varied from 0.94 to 1.00 with an average of 0.98. The polymorphic information content (PIC) values for the SSR were varied from 0.83 to 0.99, with an average of 0.95 along with a highly significant correlation between PIC values and the number of amplified alleles detected per locus. The highest similarity coefficient between Giza181 and Giza182 (Indica type) was observed and are susceptible to drought stress. High similarity percentage between the genotypes (japonica type; Sakha104 with Sakha102 and Sakha106 (0.45), Sakha101 with Sakha102 and Sakha106 (0.40), Sakha105 with Hybrid1 (0.40), Hybrid1 with Giza178 (0.40) and GZ1368-S-5-4 with Giza181 (0.40)) was also observed, which are also susceptible to drought stress. All genotypes are grouped into two major clusters in the dendrogram at 66% similarity based on Jaccard’s similarity index. The first cluster (A) was divided into two minor groups A1 and A2, in which A1 had two groups A1-1 and A1-2, containing drought-tolerant genotypes like IET1444, GZ1386-S-5-4 and Hybrid1. On the other hand, the A1-2 cluster divided into A1-2-1 containing Hybrid2 genotype and A1-2-2 containing Giza179 and Giza178 at coefficient 0.91, showing moderate tolerance to drought stress. The genotypes GZ1368-S-5-4, IET1444, Giza 178, and Giza179, could be included as appropriate materials for developing a drought-tolerant variety breeding program. Genetic diversity to grow new rice cultivars that combine drought tolerance with high grain yields is essential to maintaining food security.

scholarly journals In Vitro Assessment of Kurdish Rice Genotypes in Response to PEG-Induced Drought Stress

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (13) ◽  
pp. 4471
Author(s):  
Didar Rahim ◽  
Petr Kalousek ◽  
Nawroz Tahir ◽  
Tomáš Vyhnánek ◽  
Petr Tarkowski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Polymorphic Information Content ◽  
Callus Growth ◽  
Antioxidant Systems ◽  
In Vitro Tests ◽  
Rice Genotypes

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is productively affected by different environmental factors, including biotic and abiotic stress. The objectives of this research were to evaluate the genetic distinction among Kurdish rice genotypes using the simple sequence repeats (SSRs) molecular markers and to perform in vitro tests to characterize the drought tolerance of six local rice genotypes. The polymorphic information content (PIC) varied from 0.38 to 0.84 with an average of 0.56. The genetic distance ranged from 0.33 to 0.88. Drought stress had a significant impact (p ≤ 0.05) on callus growth parameters. Enzymatic antioxidant systems were predicted and exhibited a significant variation. The findings revealed that proline levels increase in proportion to polyethylene glycol (PEG) concentrations. Kalar and Gwll Swr genotypes showed the worst performances in phenotypic and biochemical traits, while Choman and Shawre exhibited the best phenotypic and biochemical performances. A positive and substantial relationship between callus fresh weight (CFW) and callus dry weight (CDW) was found under stressful and optimized conditions. Callus induction (CI) was positively and significantly associated with the catalase activity (CAT) in all stressed treatments. Based on the results for callus growth and the biochemical parameters under stress conditions, a remarkable genotype distinction, based on the tolerance reaction, was noted as follows: PEG resistant > susceptible, Choman > Shawre > White Bazyan > Red Bazyan > Gwll Swr > Kalar. The CI and CAT characteristics were considered as reliable predictors of drought tolerance in rice genotypes.

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