Periodontal implication of bonded and removable retainers: A comparative study

<p>The purpose of this study is to compare the periodontal health of the lower anterior teeth retained with the use of removable and fixed retainers. Fifty four cases receiving comprehensive orthodontic treatment in between 10 to 30 years were randomly selected and divided into 2 groups of 27 each. One group was given removable retainers and other was given fixed retainers. The periodontal status of the patients was accessed with bleeding on probing index, Plaque index and Calculus index. The mean plaque index in case of removable retainers at 1st, 3rd and 6th month were 0.5, 1.0 and 1.7 where as in case of fixed retainers that were 1.8, 3.0 and 4.5. The mean dental calculus index in case of removable retainers at 1st, 3rd and 6th month were 0.0, 0.1 and 0.1 where as in case of fixed retainers that were 0.1, 0.9 and 1.8. In conclusion, removable retainers are superior in oral hygiene maintenance, yet the use of fixed retainers cannot be denied.</p>

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Periodontal health of anterior teeth with two types of fixed retainers

The Angle Orthodontist ◽

10.2319/060314-398.1 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 85 (4) ◽

pp. 699-705 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Andrew I. Corbett ◽

V. Leroy Leggitt ◽

Nikola Angelov ◽

Greg Olson ◽

Joseph M. Caruso

Keyword(s):

Gingival Crevicular Fluid ◽

Fluid Volume ◽

Plaque Index ◽

Fisher Exact Test ◽

Periodontal Health ◽

Bleeding On Probing ◽

Anterior Teeth ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Crevicular Fluid ◽

Fixed Retainers

ABSTRACT Objective: To compare the periodontal health of maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth retained with two types of fixed retainers. Materials and Methods: A fixed straight retainer (SR) group had 39 subjects, and a fixed wave retainer (WR) group had 35 subjects. Subjects were between the ages of 13 and 22 years and had been in fixed retention for 2 to 4 years. Pocket probing depths, bleeding on probing, plaque index, calculus index, recession, and gingival crevicular fluid volume were compared between the two retainer groups. A four-question oral hygiene survey was given to each subject. The Mann-Whitney U-test and Fisher exact test was used to analyze the data. Results: There was no clinically significant difference between the retainer groups regarding plaque index, gingival crevicular fluid volume, calculus index, recession, bleeding on probing, and pocket probing depths. A statistically significant increase in the reported frequency of flossing (P = .006) and ease of flossing (P < .001) was associated with the WR group. There was no significant difference between the groups in reported frequency of brushing and comfort of the retainer. Conclusions: Under the conditions of this study, no clinical difference was found in the periodontal health of anterior teeth retained with a SR or WR for a period of 2 to 4 years. Subjects in the WR group reported an increase in frequency and ease of flossing.

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The influence of removable partial dentures on the periodontal health of abutment and non-abutment teeth

European Journal of Dentistry ◽

10.4103/1305-7456.163234 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 09 (03) ◽

pp. 382-386 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Linda J. Dula ◽

Kujtim Sh. Shala ◽

Teuta Pustina-Krasniqi ◽

Teuta Bicaj ◽

Enis F. Ahmedi

Keyword(s):

Periodontal Diseases ◽

Mean Difference ◽

Plaque Index ◽

Periodontal Health ◽

Bleeding On Probing ◽

Probing Depth ◽

Abutment Teeth ◽

The Mean ◽

Clinical Measurements ◽

Level Of Significance

ABSTRACT Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of removable partial dentures (RPD) on the periodontal health of abutment and non-abutment teeth. Materials and Methods: A total 107 patients with RPD participated in this study. It was examined 138 RPD, they were 87 with clasp-retained and 51 were RPD with attachments. The following periodontal parameters were evaluated for abutment and non-abutment teeth, plaque index (PLI), calculus index (CI), bleeding on probing (BOP), probing depth (PD) (mm) and tooth mobility (TM) index. These clinical measurements were taken immediately before insertion the RPD, then one and 3 months after insertion. The level of significance was set at (P < 0.05). Results: The mean scores for PLI, CI, BOP, PD, and TM index, of the abutment teeth and non-abutment teeth were no statistically significant at the time of insertion of RPD. After 1-month, PLI was statistically significant (0.57 ± 0.55 for abutment and 0.30 ± 0.46 for non-abutment teeth). After 3 months, there were significant differences between abutment and non-abutment teeth with regard to the BOP (1.53 ± 0.50 and 1.76 ± 0.43 respectively), PD (0.28 ± 0.45 and 0.12 ± 0.33 respectively) and PLI (1.20 ± 0.46 and 0.75 ± 0.64 respectively). No significant mean difference in TM and CI was found between the abutment and non-abutment teeth (P > 0.05). Conclusions: With carefully planned prosthetic treatment and adequate maintenance of the oral and denture hygiene, we can prevent the periodontal diseases.

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Periodontal health in patients under conventional and lingual orthodontic therapies

Revista de Odontologia da UNESP ◽

10.1590/1807-2577.1079 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 44 (5) ◽

pp. 251-256 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

José Gonzalo Tapia-Rivera ◽

Andréia Cotrim-Ferreira ◽

Laurindo Borelli-Neto ◽

Marcos Gabriel Prieto ◽

Rívea Inês Ferreira-Santos

Keyword(s):

Logistic Regression ◽

Oral Hygiene ◽

The Other ◽

Conventional Group ◽

Health Conditions ◽

Periodontal Health ◽

Posterior Teeth ◽

Bleeding On Probing ◽

Anterior Teeth ◽

Lingual Brackets

AbstractObjectiveSome clinical periodontal health parameters were assessed comparatively in patients using conventional and lingual brackets.Material and methodA trained examiner registered the frequencies of visible plaque (VP), bleeding on probing (BOP), as well as the simplified oral hygiene (OHI-S) and modified gingival (MGI) indices in 83 subjects from two clinics. The effects of orthodontic treatments on periodontal health were analyzed using logistic regression (α = 0.05).ResultIn the conventional group, the frequency of visible plaque was significantly higher on the buccal surfaces of anterior (OR = 12.5) and maxillary posterior (OR = 3.6) teeth, p < 0.01. BOP in posterior teeth was also more frequent in this group, p < 0.05. The lingual group presented higher frequency of visible plaque on the lingual surfaces of anterior teeth (OR = 4.3; p = 0.0034). The conventional group had significantly higher frequencies of mild gingivitis in the buccal regions of anterior (OR = 9.0) and maxillary posterior (OR = 16.7) teeth, p < 0.05, and anterior papillae (OR = 9.0; p = 0.0003). On the other hand, the lingual group evidenced mild gingivitis more often in the lingual regions of anterior teeth (OR = 54.5), p < 0.01.ConclusionBased on the results of this study, the clinical periodontal health conditions may be considered acceptable for patients using both conventional and lingual brackets.

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Appropriate Oral Hygiene Motivation Method for Patients with Fixed Appliances

The Angle Orthodontist ◽

10.2319/101806-428.1 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 77 (6) ◽

pp. 1085-1089 ◽

Cited By ~ 31

Author(s):

Zuhal Yetkin Ay ◽

Mözgür Sayın ◽

Yener Özat ◽

Tuba Goster ◽

A. Onur Atilla ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oral Hygiene ◽

The Other ◽

Plaque Index ◽

Gingival Index ◽

Verbal Information ◽

Bleeding On Probing ◽

Orthodontic Patients ◽

Fixed Appliances ◽

The Difference

Abstract Objective: To determine the most appropriate oral hygiene motivation method (OHMM) for orthodontic patients with fixed appliances. Materials and Methods: A total of 150 orthodontic patients, scheduled for their regular controls, were included in this study. The patients were divided into five groups (n = 30) according to the verbal OHMM and instructed as follows: only verbal information (V), verbal information with demonstration on model (M), verbal information with demonstration on model and self application by the patient (M+A), verbal information using the illustration catalog (I), and verbal information using the illustration catalog and self application by the patient (I+A). All of the applications of the patients were made under the supervision of the clinicians. The periodontal parameters (plaque index [PI], gingival index [GI], and bleeding on probing [BOP]) were recorded at the baseline (before the instructions of the OHMM), 1 week later, and 4 weeks after the OHMM. Results: All periodontal parameters showed significant decreases after 4 weeks in all OHMM groups (P < .05). I+A group has significantly lower PI scores and BOP percentages than the other groups (P < .05) after 4 weeks. The difference between the V group and M+A, I, and I+A groups in the GI scores were significant (P < .05), and the I+A group has presented the lowest GI score. Conclusions: The OHMM applied by the patients under the supervision of the clinician seemed to be more successful in the elimination of plaque and inflammatory symptoms in patients with fixed appliances.

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Analysis of Vitamin D Receptor Gene Polymorphism in Chronic Periodontitis among Saudi Population

European Dental Research and Biomaterials Journal ◽

10.1055/s-0041-1727090 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2 (01) ◽

pp. 12-16

Author(s):

Fathy M. Elfasakhany ◽

Omaima N. Al-Qahtani ◽

Asmaa M. Badri ◽

Hala A. Abuelela

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Vitamin D Receptor ◽

Receptor Gene ◽

Equilibrium Analysis ◽

Plaque Index ◽

Control Group ◽

Saudi Population ◽

Bleeding On Probing ◽

Probing Depth ◽

The Mean

Abstract Objective Genetic and environmental factors have important roles in the development of periodontitis. We aimed to assess the relation of vitamin D receptor (VDR) ApaI and TaqI polymorphisms and the susceptibility of periodontitis in Saudi population in Makkah region. Materials and Methods In total, 86 unrelated patients with moderate-to-severe periodontitis and 86 controls were enrolled in this study. Evaluation of the periodontal state was performed by using plaque index, bleeding on probing, probing depth, and attachment loss. Extraction of genomic DNA from peripheral blood and genotyping of VDR gene ApaI G/T (rs7975232) and TaqI T/C (rs731236) polymorphisms were performed by utilizing polymerase chain reaction and restriction digestion. Results There were statistically significant differences between both groups regarding the mean bleeding on probing, mean probing depth, mean plaque index, and the mean attachment level (p < 0.001) indicating that the matching based on the investigated groups was adequate. The examined populations were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Analysis of the genotype and allele frequencies of both VDR ApaI and TaqI single nucleotide polymorphisms revealed that they were statistically indifferent between the control group and the periodontitis subjects (p> 0.05). Conclusion These results suggested that VDR ApaI and TaqI polymorphisms might not be related to the susceptibility of periodontal disease in the Saudi subjects in Makkah region.

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Oral Hygiene Awareness and Effect of Orthodontic Treatment on Periodontal Health among Medical Students

Journal of Health and Allied Sciences NU ◽

10.1055/s-0040-1708707 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 07 (02) ◽

pp. 031-037

Author(s):

Akshara Mary Jacob ◽

Nina Shenoy ◽

Rahul Bhandary

Keyword(s):

Medical Students ◽

Oral Hygiene ◽

Orthodontic Treatment ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Periodontal Health ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Hygiene Practices ◽

Adequate Knowledge ◽

Gingival Health ◽

Increased Sensitivity

Abstract Background: Orthodontic treatment helps in improving aesthetics, oral hygiene as well as functional occlusion. Also, importance of oral hygiene in orthodontic patients is always intensified to prevent any further periodontal disease. Regular oral hygiene maintenance is important for the maintenance of gingival health during and after orthodontic therapy as it helps in preservation of the health of gingiva as well as overall oral health. Objective: To assess the extent of oral hygiene awareness and impact of orthodontic treatment on of periodontal health, among medical students. Method: A cross sectional survey containing 19 questions was answered by 150 medical students who had undergone fixed Orthodontic treatment from various colleges in Mangalore, Karnataka. Results and Conclusion: The results of this survey showed that medical students have adequate knowledge of oral hygiene practices. Majority of medical students who had undergone orthodontic treatment showed increased bleeding from gums, increased sensitivity and difficulty in brushing and flossing indicating that orthodontic treatment does have impact on maintenance of oral hygiene. Thus, a thorough assessment of the periodontal health is recommended prior to orthodontic treatment. Equal emphasis should also be laid on the necessity of good oral hygiene and regular periodontal maintenance for the best outcome.

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Effectiveness of a family-centered behavioral and educational counselling approach to improve periodontal health of pregnant women: a randomized controlled trial

BMC Oral Health ◽

10.1186/s12903-020-01265-6 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Pei Liu ◽

Weiye Wen ◽

Ka Fung Yu ◽

Xiaoli Gao ◽

Edward Chin Man Lo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oral Health ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Oral Hygiene ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Test Group ◽

Control Group ◽

Oral Health Promotion ◽

Periodontal Health ◽

The Mean ◽

Family Centered

Abstract Background Poor oral hygiene and high hormone levels during pregnancy can lead to a deterioration in periodontal health. This study assessed the effectiveness of a family-centered behavioral and educational counselling program on improving the periodontal health of women during pregnancy and postpartum. Methods A randomized controlled trial was conducted among pregnant women (10th-22nd gestational week) and their husbands. Participating families were randomized into test and control groups. Intervention in the test group included explanation of oral health education (OHE) pamphlets, oral hygiene instruction, individualized feedback, and proposed solutions to overcome barriers in self-care. Reinforcements were implemented in the 3rd trimester of pregnancy and six months postpartum. In the control group, only OHE pamphlets were distributed. The assessed outcomes were bleeding on probing (BOP), periodontal pocket (Poc), loss of clinical attachment (LoA), and Visible Plaque Index (VPI). The data collection was carried out at baseline (T0), in the 32nd gestational week (T1), and 12 months postpartum (T2). Results Altogether 589 pregnant women were recruited, and 369 attended all three visits (test:188; control:181). In the test group, the mean VPI score at T0 was 0.19, which decreased to 0.14 at T1 and 0.15 at T2. In the control group, the mean VPI decreased from 0.19 at T0 to 0.16 at T1, but increased to 0.22 at T2. A main effect of time and intervention and an interaction between time and intervention were detected (all p < 0.05), indicating that the intervention effect differed between T1 and T2. The test group showed a significantly greater decrease over time than the control group did. Similarly, the mean BOP% decreased more significantly over time in the test group (T0:57%, T1:46%, T2:35%) than in the control group (T0:58%, T1:52%, T2:46%). For Poc and LoA, there were improvements in both study groups at 12 months postpartum, compared with during pregnancy (p < 0.001). Conclusions Providing family-centered, behavioral, and educational counselling to pregnant women at an early stage of pregnancy and with reinforcements can improve their oral hygiene and reduce gingival inflammation. The effect can be sustained over an extended period and is greater than that of distributing oral health leaflets alone. Trial registration Clinicaltrials.gov, #NCT02937194. Registered 18 October 2016. Retrospectively registered, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02937194?cond=Family-centered+oral+health+promotion+for+new+parents+and+their+infants&draw=2&rank=1

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The Oral Health of Children with Clefts-A Review

The Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Journal ◽

10.1597/1545-1569_1998_035_0248_tohocw_2.3.co_2 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 35 (3) ◽

pp. 248-254 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Fanny W. L. Wong ◽

Nigel M. King

Keyword(s):

Oral Health ◽

Periodontal Disease ◽

Oral Hygiene ◽

Cleft Lip ◽

Cleft Lip And Palate ◽

Conclusive Evidence ◽

Permanent Dentition ◽

Caries Prevalence ◽

Periodontal Health ◽

Anterior Teeth

A review of the studies of the caries prevalence and periodontal health of patients with cleft lip and palate (CLP) revealed that only five investigations of caries prevalence in CLP patients included children. One reported that CLP children did not have a higher caries prevalence in the permanent dentition, whereas more recent studies have reported a higher caries prevalence in both the primary and permanent dentitions of CLP children than in those of noncleft children. However, there is wide variation in the teeth examined and the method of presenting data on caries prevalence. Six papers have reported on the periodontal health of adult CLP patients, and only one has done so on that of children. The adult CLP patients had poorer oral hygiene and more gingivitis, but there is no conclusive evidence that they have a higher risk of developing periodontal disease. No data on the oral hygiene of CLP children were available, but it has been emphasized that they have significantly more gingivitis than noncleft children, especially in the maxillary anterior teeth.

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The Effect of Deep Traumatic Overbite on the Periodontium of the Upper Anterior Teeth in a Cohort of Adult Saudi Dental Patients

International Journal Of Medical Science And Clinical Research Studies ◽

10.47191/ijmscrs/v1-i9-04 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 01 (09) ◽

Author(s):

Amani A. Mirdad Mirdad ◽

Keyword(s):

Repeated Measures ◽

Plaque Index ◽

Gingival Index ◽

Periodontal Health ◽

Pocket Depth ◽

Dental Patients ◽

Anterior Teeth ◽

Repeated Measures Analysis ◽

Bite Plate ◽

The Relationship

Aim: to assess the relationship between deep overbite with palatal impingement and periodontal health status in a cohort of adult Saudi dental patients. Materials and Methods:Ten patients (4 males and 6 females, aged 16 to 31 years old) with deep traumatic overbite and palatal impingement were examined. A Hawley retainer appliance with an anterior bite plate was provided for all patients.Pocket depth, bleeding index, gingival index, plaque index and mobility were recorded for four visits after using the appliance with fixed intervals in-between. Repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to assess the differences between visits, control /experimental teeth and surfaces (palatal /labial) for pocket depth, bleeding index, plaque index,gingival index and mobility.

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Effects of different lingual retainers on periodontal health and stability

The Angle Orthodontist ◽

10.2319/110220-904.1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Rabia Adanur-Atmaca ◽

Serpil Çokakoğlu ◽

Fırat Öztürk

Keyword(s):

Stainless Steel ◽

Computer Aided Design ◽

Steel Wire ◽

Mean Value ◽

Periodontal Health ◽

Anterior Teeth ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Computer Aided ◽

Group 3 ◽

The Mean

ABSTRACT Objectives To evaluate the effects of different lingual retainers on periodontal health and stability of mandibular anterior teeth at the 1-year follow-up. Materials and Methods One hundred thirty-two patients were randomly allocated to four groups using different lingual retainers: group 1, 0.016 × 0.022-in dead-soft wire; group 2, 0.0215-in 5-strand stainless steel wire; group 3, 0.014 × 0.014-in computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing nitinol retainer (Memotain); group 4, connected bonding pads. Plaque, gingival, and calculus indexes were used to evaluate periodontal health, and Little's irregularity index, intercanine width, and arch length measurements were performed to evaluate stability. All measurements were performed at each time point (debonding and 3, 6, 9, and 12 months). Results The mean value of the gingival index obtained in group 3 was lower than the mean value for all other groups. The mean value of the calculus index was the lowest in group 3, and there was a significant difference between group 3 and groups 1 and 2. No differences were found among the groups in terms of plaque index, intercanine width, and arch length. The least irregularity was obtained in groups 2 and 3. There were no significant differences between these groups and groups 1 and 4. Conclusions Gingival inflammation and calculus accumulation were the lowest in group 3 (Memotain). The irregularity for Memotain and stainless steel retainers was less than or the other groups. However, no clinically significant worsening of periodontal health or relapse were seen in any groups after 1 year.

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