scholarly journals Quantitive Study on Some Aspect of Occipital Area in Domestic Cat (Felis catus)

2016 ◽  
pp. 18-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Uddin ◽  
ME Hossain ◽  
MS Islam ◽  
MB Hossain ◽  
KN Islam
Keyword(s):  
Foramen Magnum ◽  
Felis Catus ◽  
Occipital Bone ◽  
Domestic Cat ◽  
Clinical Anatomy ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
Occipital Condyles ◽  
Classification And Treatment

This study was planned to investigate some aspects of the morphometric characteristics of the occipital bone and foramen megnum in domestic cat (Felis catus). Twenty adult domestic cat including 10 males and 10 female cats were euthanized using diazepam (@ 20 mg/kg) and their skulls were macerated to give morphometric parameters. Student t-test with level of significance set at 5% (p < 0.05) was used to analyze the obtained values. The height of occipital triangle, width of occipital condyles, width of jugular process were significantly larger in male than female. The mean height and width of the foramen magnum were 1.32 ± 0.09 cm and 1.35 ± 0.08 cm, respectively, while the foramen index was below 100 at 90.72 ± 4.93. Parameters for the foramen magnum index showed significant difference between both sexes at p < 0.05. The foramen magnum showed shape variations and there were multiple hypoglossal foramina in over 80% of the cats. The morphometric values of the occipital bone and foramen magnum and clinical anatomy of the occipital region of the domestic cats provide an important baseline for further research in this field and could help in the better diagnosis, classification, and treatment of diseases related to this region and serve as a future reference defining an anatomic range.International Journal of Natural Sciences (2013), 3(1-4) 18-21

scholarly journals Morphometric investigation of neurocranium in domestic cat (Felis catus)

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Uddin ◽  
MHR Sarker ◽  
ME Hossain ◽  
MS Islam ◽  
MB Hossain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Foramen Magnum ◽  
Felis Catus ◽  
Domestic Cat ◽  
Morphometric Characteristics ◽  
Morphometric Investigation ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Brain Density

This study was intended to investigate some aspects of the morphometric characteristics of the neurocranium in domestic cat (Felis catus) of Bangladesh. Twenty adult domestic cat including 10 males and 10 female were euthanized using diazepam (@ 20 mg/kg) and their skulls were macerated to give morphometric parameters. Student t-test with level of significance set at 5% (p < 0.05) was used to analyze the obtained values. The mean (mean ± SE) neurocranial volume was 28 ± 0.97 ml, neurocranial length was 6.63 ± 0.77 cm, and the neurocranial height and index were 3.32 ± 0.38 cm and 49.83%, respectively. The mean height and width of the foramen magnum were 1.32 ± 0.09 cm and 1.35 ± 0.08 cm, respectively, while the foramen index was below 100 at 90.72 ± 4.93. Parameters for the foramen magnum index showed significant difference between both sexes at p < 0.05. The foramen magnum showed shape variations and there were multiple hypoglossal foramina in over 80% of the cats. Foramen magnum index was positively correlated with neurocranial volume. The results were discussed in terms of the usage of morphologic and morphometric characteristics of cranium and skulls in several basic and clinical applications in cat such as estimation of the brain density and the use of the cat for cranial pressure experiments. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjvm.v11i1.17302 Bangl. J. Vet. Med. (2013). 11 (1): 69-73

scholarly journals SEXUAL DIMORPHISM OF FORAMEN MAGNUM: VALIDATION OF LENGTH AS A SINGLE MORPHOMETRIC PREDICTOR

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 348-352
Author(s):  
B. Dimitrov ◽  
K. Peeva
Keyword(s):  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Validation Cohort ◽  
Foramen Magnum ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Forensic Sciences ◽  
Regression Modelling ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Validation Set ◽  
Occipital Condyles

PURPOSE: Skull morphometrics is very important in archaeology and forensic sciences for sex identification, especially when only limited osteometric data are available. The foramen magnum (FM) and occipital condyles, appears to be the most permanently preserved region of the human skeleton. The FM length (FML) is the most frequently measured, and often, the single available parameter of the FM in dry skulls. METHODS: FM data for 2524 skulls were taken from the Howells craniometric dataset (HCD). The validation cohort consisted of data for 177 Greek adult non-pathological intact dried skulls (GRD) as provided by the Aristotle University and National and Kapodistrian University (Athens). Descriptive statistics, parametric and non-parametric tests were used. Logistic regression modelling with the derivation of predicted probabilities and receiver operating characteristic ROC curve analyses with 95% CI were applied. Two-tailed P<0.05 was considered significant. RESULTS: The results indicate that the mean of the HCD FML in male was 35.78mm while FML mean in GRD was 35.337mm. The original regression model had predicted correctly 65% of skulls. CONCLUSIONS: There was no significant difference between the predicted and observed values for sex in the Greek skulls validation set. FML, alone, can predict sex (male) with accuracy limit of 71%.

Pentachlorophenol Residues in Porcine Tissue Following Preslaughter Exposure to Treated Wood Shavings

1991 ◽  
Vol 54 (6) ◽  
pp. 448-450 ◽  
Author(s):  
KELLY M. BUTLER ◽  
RICHARD FRANK
Keyword(s):  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Treated Wood ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Liver Fat ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Porcine Tissue ◽  
Wood Shavings ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Level Of Significance

Sixty market hogs originating from one producer and finished in a concrete and steel facility were divided into two groups of 30 and housed for approximately 60 h on either straw (control group) or pentachlorophenol (PCP) treated wood shavings (test group). Feed, straw, and shavings were analyzed for PCP residues. Both feed and straw yielded nondetectable levels of PCP residues, while shavings ranged from 0.03 to 12.0 ppm. The hogs were shipped to slaughter without bedding, and liver, fat and muscle (muscle from the test group only) samples were collected postmortem. The mean level of PCP residue in control (straw) hog livers was 0.037 ppm, while that of livers of hogs bedded with contaminated shavings was 0.342 ppm, a highly significant difference. The t-value using Welch's approximation equalled 9.77 using 28.5 degrees of freedom, indicating the mean PCP residue level was higher for the treated than the control group at a 0.01% level of significance.

Shape of the feline cerebellum and occipital bone related to breed on MRI of 200 cats

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (10) ◽  
pp. 1065-1072 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xander Huizing ◽  
Andy Sparkes ◽  
Ruth Dennis
Keyword(s):  
Animal Health ◽  
Small Animal ◽  
Foramen Magnum ◽  
Occipital Bone ◽  
Bone Morphology ◽  
Anatomical Variant ◽  
Morphological Variations ◽  
Mri Features ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Neurologically Normal

Objectives The MRI features of the feline cerebellum and occipital bone have not previously been described in the literature. The aims of this study were three-fold. Firstly, to document variations in cerebellar shape on MRI in neurologically normal cats to support our hypothesis that crowding of the contents of the caudal fossa or herniation of the cerebellar vermis through the foramen magnum occurs frequently as an anatomical variant. Secondly, to document variations in the morphology of the occipital bone. Thirdly, to see whether these variations in shape of the feline cerebellum and occipital bone could be associated with head conformation, such as brachycephaly. Methods The imaging records of the small animal clinic at the Animal Health Trust between 2000 and 2013 were searched retrospectively to identify adult cats that had undergone high-field (1.5 T) MRI investigation which included the brain. Exclusion criteria included evidence of intracranial disease or the presence of cervical syringomyelia. Midline sagittal T2-weighted and transverse images were used to assess the occipital bone morphology and cerebellar shape, and to measure the width to length ratio of the cranial cavity. Results Fourteen different breeds were represented. A cerebellar shape consistent with crowding of the contents of the caudal fossa, or herniation through the foramen magnum was present in 40% of the entire population. Persians (recognised as a brachycephalic breed) had a higher proportion of cerebellar crowding or herniation than all other breeds. There was no significant difference in the distribution of occipital bone morphology between these breed groups. Conclusions and relevance It is important to recognise morphological variations of the feline cerebellum and occipital bone in order to avoid false-positive diagnoses of raised intracranial pressure and pathological herniation on MRI.

scholarly journals External syringomyelia in longstanding benign foramen magnum tumors

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 92
Author(s):  
Aimee Goel ◽  
Abhidha Harshad Shah ◽  
Ravikiran Vutha ◽  
Atul Goel
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Spinal Canal ◽  
Foramen Magnum ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Canal Diameter ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Cranial Fossa ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Pontomedullary Junction ◽  
Anterior Posterior

Background: The effect of benign foramen magnum tumours on cranial and spinal dimensions and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) spaces is unclear. In this study, we measured alterations in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) spaces in the spinal canal and in the posterior cranial fossa distant from the site of benign foramen magnum tumors. Methods: Twenty-nine magnetic resonance imaging scans of patients with foramen magnum tumors (8 meningiomas and 21 C2 neurinomas) were identified for radiological morphometric analysis and compared with normal control scans. The anterior-posterior distance between the pontomedullary junction and the clivus, the spinal canal diameter, spinal cord diameter, and cord-canal ratios were measured at the C6 and T2 levels. Results: The mean spinal canal diameter was significantly higher in tumor scans at both the C6 and T2 spinal levels than in controls (13.8 mm vs. 11.4 mm at C6; p<0.0001, and 12.9 mm vs. 11.9 mm at T2; P=0.01). Further, the mean cord:canal ratio was significantly lower in tumor scans at both levels (0.49 vs. 0.64 at C6; P<0.0001, and 0.45 vs. 0.54 at T2; P=0.0009). There was no significant difference in mean anteroposterior distance from the clivus to the pontomedullary junction (10.4 mm vs. 10.3 mm; P=0.91). Conclusion: In the presence of benign foramen magnum tumors, the spinal canal diameter and CSF volume in the spinal canal increased at the C6 and T2 levels, distant from the tumor site, a phenomenon we describe as “external syringomyelia”.

scholarly journals Effect of Multiple Intelligences Instructional Strategy on Achievement and Retention in Mole Concept Among Chemistry Students in Abuja, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ojiyi C. A ◽  
Agu P. A.
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Intelligences ◽  
Learning Style ◽  
Instructional Strategy ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chemistry Students ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Test ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Level Of Significance

This study examined the Effect of Multiple Intelligences Instructional Strategy (MIIS) on Achievement and Retention in Mole Concept among Chemistry Students in Abuja, Nigeria. Quasi experimental, pre-test, post-test, and post post-test control group design was adopted for this study. Two research questions guided the study and two hypotheses were tested at 0.05 level of significance. The population of the study was senior secondary school chemistry students in Abuja, Nigeria. The sample for the study was two co-educational schools. One served as the experimental group and the other served as the control group. Mole Concept Achievement Test (MCAT) (KR-21 = 0.70) was used for data collection. Descriptive statistics of mean and standard deviation was used to answer the research question, while null hypotheses were tested using ANCOVA at 0.05 level of significance. The result of the study reveals that, there was significant difference between the mean achievement scores of students taught the mole concept using multiple intelligences instructional strategy (MIIS) and those taught using lecture method. There was a significant difference between the mean retention scores of chemistry students taught the mole concept using MIIS and conventional method. Based on the findings of this study, the following recommendations have been made; there is a need for curriculum developers to develop appropriate curriculum that will make provision for the teacher to adopt various activities that will appeal to each students’ learning style or intelligence to enable them learn effectively

scholarly journals Gender and Entry Background Differences in Postgraduate Distance Learners’ Achievement in the Field of Educational Technology

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 98
Author(s):  
Adeyemi Adedapo
Keyword(s):  
Educational Technology ◽  
Learning Activities ◽  
Distance Learners ◽  
First Semester ◽  
Ex Post ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Ex Post Facto ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
Master Of Education

Several factors have been attributed to learners’ underachievement in postgraduate programmes. Two of such factors are gender and entry background of postgraduate distance learners which previous studies have identified in isolation of one another. No previous studies have been reported to have investigated a combination of gender and entry background differences in educational technology. The present study, therefore, investigated the influence of gender and entry background of postgraduate distance learners’ achievement in educational technology. The ex-post facto research design was adopted. Three hundred and twenty-three postgraduate distance learners who registered and sat for examinations of Master of Education in Educational Technology of National Open University of Nigeria, during the first semester of 2019_1 of 2018/2019 academic session were purposively selected from 74 study centres. The participants were made up of 215 males and 108 females. Three null hypotheses were formulated to guide the study and tested at .05 level of significance. The results of participants in 2019_1 first semester were analysed using t-test and analysis of variance (ANOVA). There was a significant difference in the mean achievement scores of male and female postgraduate distance learners in educational technology in favour of male distance learners while no significant difference was established in respect of postgraduate distance learners’ entry background. The implications of this study are that gender difference is a factor of prediction to academic achievement in educational technology but entry background does not influence postgraduate distance learners’ achievement in courses. Recommendations were made among others that there is need to create co-operative learning activities sensitive to preferences of female distance learners.

scholarly journals The Effect of Culture – Based Approach in Improving Students’ Reading Comprehension on Spoof Text

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 162-171
Author(s):  
Rudi Suherman ◽  
Ana Yusyfiana
Keyword(s):  
Reading Comprehension ◽  
Percent Level ◽  
T Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Test ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
Alternative Choice ◽  
Experimental Group

This research was intended to investigate the effect of a culture-based approach in improving students’ reading comprehension on spoof text. For that purpose, a true experimental study was applied to the eleventh-grade students of SMAN 1 Soreang. The sample of this study was 88 students from that school. These students were divided equally into the control and experimental group. The experimental group was given the Culture-Based Approach (CBA) as the treatment in comprehending the text.  The students’ scores of pre-test and post-test from both groups were statistically analyzed and compared by the T-test. The findings could be summarized that generally, students from the experimental group gained better achievement than from the control group on their post-test scores. The data analysis also showed that there was a significant difference between the mean score of the pre-test (53.45) and the post-test (58.39.). Furthermore, the result of the t-test (5.707) was relatively higher than the t- table (2.018) for a 0.5 percent level of significance. It indicated that the students’ achievement was significantly improved after the treatment of using a Culture-Based Approach. Thus, it is recommended that a Culture-Based Approach should be considered as an alternative choice for English teachers in teaching spoof text.

scholarly journals Effect of Using Scientific Stations Strategy in Developing Deductive Thinking of Intermediate School Students in General Sciences

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 35-48
Author(s):  
Heba Mohammed Saleh Al-Hafidh
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Processing ◽  
Mean Difference ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Intermediate School ◽  
School Students ◽  
Statistical Significant Difference ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
Experimental Group

The study aimed to know the effect of using the Scientific stations strategy in developing Deductive thinking of intermediate school students in the science subject. To achieve the aim of the research, the researcher used experimental design with two equal groups, the research sample consisted of (65) intermediate-grade students in Al Nidhal school for boys represented by (30) students of the experimental group and (35) students for the control group, the researcher equivalence of the two research groups with a set of variables including (Intelligence, parents ’educational level, previous achievement, age calculated by months and pre-test for Deductive thinking), to verify the research aim the researcher put the two hypotheses as following : 1- There is no statistical significant difference at the level of significance (0.05) between the scores mean of the members of the experimental group and the members of the control group in the post test of Deductive thinking. 2- There is no statistical significant difference at the level of significance (0.05) between the mean difference between the (pre and post) tests of both experimental and control groups in the Deductive thinking test. To verify the research hypotheses, the researcher prepared a test for Deductive thinking consisting of (20) items the researcher applied the test of Deductive thinking, collected the data, and tabulated it in tables for statistical processing and the results indicated: 1- There is a statistical significant difference between the scores mean of students in both groups in the Deductive thinking test and in favor of the experimental group. 2- There is a statistical significant difference between the mean difference between the two tests (pre - post) and in favor of the experimental group.

scholarly journals Borneo Ultimate Frisbee Team: Agility and Speed in Relation with Playing Position

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 9
Author(s):  
Nur Khairunisa Abu Talip ◽  
Datu Md Muallim Datu Moksan ◽  
Kristen Chou
Keyword(s):  
T Test ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Speed Performance ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Ultimate Frisbee ◽  
Level Of Significance

ABSTRACT The purpose of the study was to investigate a arising Borneo Frisbee team named Ultras on agility and speed performance in relation to the playing position of Ultimate Frisbee players. Sixteen (N=16) athletes (8 handlers and 8 cutters) participated in the present study, and the age ranged between 19 to 24 years old. Each athlete was tested with the 505 agility test and 30-meter sprint test to measure agility and speed. The level of significance was set at .05 (p<.05). The obtained data was analysed using SPSS 22.0. Independent Sample T-Test was employed to compare the differences in agility and speed between handlers and cutters. Results showed that there is no significance difference in agility between handlers and cutters (playing position) (p=.192) and no significant difference in speed between handlers and cutters (playing positions) (p=.522). The mean of the results showed that handlers were approximately 14.16% more agile than cutters, while cutters were approximately 49.37% faster in horizontal speed than handlers. Keywords: Ultimate Frisbee, agility, speed, playing position, handlers, cutters.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document