scholarly journals Pattern of Lipid Profile among Type 2 Diabetic Patients

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-17
Author(s):  
Nazia Elham ◽  
Meerjady Sabrina Flora
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
High Density Lipoproteins ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
Equal Importance ◽  
Modifiable Factors ◽  
Low Hdl ◽  
The Mean ◽  
High Level

Diabetes mellitus is recognized as a serious global health problem and frequently associated with disabling and lifethreatening complications related to some modifiable risk factors. One of the modifiable factors is dyslipidemia. This study addressed the dyslipidemic status of 124 subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) attending the outpatient department, Ibrahim General Hospital and Diabetic Care and Education Center Dhanmondi, Dhaka during the period from January to June 2010. The diagnosed diabetic subjects were interviewed and the biochemical investigation data were collected from record review. Three fourth of the respondents were female and majority (24.2%) of them were 46 to 50 years of age. Most of the respondents were graduates having neuclear families. The mean total cholesterol and triglyceride were found 181.7±43.0 mg/dl and 161.0±112.5 mg/dl respectively. According to NCEP ATP III (2001), 59.7% of the participants had high level of low density lipoproteins (LDL) and only 18% had desired level of high density lipoproteins (HDL). The mean (±SD) of LDL and HDL were 109.8±37.0 mg/dl and 41.0±7.9 mg/dl respectively. Men had elevated level of mean TG with wide variation (185.98±179.56 mg/dl) than women (151.63±72.16 mg/dl). The mean (±SD) of HDL was found lower in men than women (35.8 ± 6.3 vs. 42.9 ± 7.5 mg/dl, p< 0.05) though not significant. The study revealed that dyslipidemia (high TC, TG, LDL and low HDL) was prevalent among the T2DM subjects, which needs attention of equal importance to maintain within normal limit as with the control of hyperglycemia and hypertension. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/imcj.v6i1.14712 Ibrahim Med. Coll. J. 2012; 6(1): 12-17

DYSLIPIDEMIA – TYPE2 DIABETES AND NON DIABETES POPULATION IN AND AROUND ERODE DISTRICT, TAMILNADU

2021 ◽  
pp. 8-9
Author(s):  
Murugesan Thinakaran ◽  
Thangadurai Chitra
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Cardiovascular Complications ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
Lipid Status ◽  
Type2 Diabetes ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Tertiary Hospitals ◽  
Low Hdl

Background and objects: Patients with diabetes mellitus are at high risk of cardiovascular events because of abnormal lipid status. Dyslipidemia is common in diabetes mellitus and is associated with cardiovascular complications. Early diagnosis and treatment is the main cornerstone in the prevention of its multiple complications. The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of abnormal lipid prole levels. Materials and Method: The study population was made up of Eighty-ve (85) already diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients and Ninety-two (92) with an age range of 28 to 70 years, who come from routine health, follow up at various tertiary hospitals in Erode. The samples were analyzed using the chemical analyzer COBAS INTEGRA 400. Results and Conclusion: Dyslipidemia was found in 63.52% in type2 diabetes patients and 43.47% in non-diabetic patients. High TG, high LDL-C, high TC and low HDL-C exhibited an increasing trend in the proportion of patients with dyslipidemia. The following risk factors namely female sex, age above 50- years, BMI (overweight and obese), poor glycemic control, central obesity and physical inactivity were associated with diabetic dyslipidemia. This study presents some interesting and novel ndings which may be very important in the care and management of patients with type-2 diabetes.

scholarly journals Association of the IGF1/pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A system and adipocytokine levels with the presence and the morphology of carotid plaques in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with stable glycaemic control

2009 ◽  
Vol 160 (6) ◽  
pp. 925-932 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia Pellitero ◽  
Jordi L Reverter ◽  
María Luisa Granada ◽  
Eduarda Pizarro ◽  
M Cruz Pastor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Protein A ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
Carotid Plaques ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Hemostatic Factors ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

ObjectivePregnancy-associated plasma protein-A (PAPP-A) has been implicated in the atherosclerotic process through regulation of local expression of IGF1. In type 2 diabetes mellitus, glycaemic control has been involved in PAPP-A expression. We compared PAPP-A, IGF1, inflammatory markers and adiponectin concentrations in type 2 diabetic patients with and without carotid plaques and evaluated the relationship between these serum parameters and ultrasound carotid markers of atherosclerosis.MethodsWe studied 125 consecutive type 2 diabetic patients. Clinical data, metabolic variables, hemostatic factors (plasma type-1 plasminogen activator inhibitor, fibrinogen), high-ultrasensitive C reactive protein (hsCRP), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-6, adiponectin, IGF1 and PAPP-A were determined. Patients were classified into two groups according to the presence of carotid plaques on ultrasound. Carotid intima–media thickness (IMT) and morphology of carotid plaques were evaluated.ResultsThe mean age was 61.5±7.3 years and the mean glycated hemoglobin of 6.8±0.9%. A total of 60% presented carotid plaques. Both groups were homogeneous in anthropometric data, biochemical determinations and hemostatic factors. Adiponectin, hsCRP, TNF-α and IL-6 were similar in both groups. No differences were observed in serum PAPP-A (0.46 (0.22–0.86) vs 0.38 (0.18–0.66) mIU/l and in SDS IGF1 (−0.34±1.38 vs −0.67±1.35)) in patients with and without carotid plaques respectively. PAPP-A and IGF1 were not correlated with IMT.ConclusionsSerum PAPP-A and IGF1 do not appear to be useful serum biomarkers for carotid atherosclerosis in type 2 diabetic patients with stable glycemic control, despite scientific evidence of their local role in atherosclerosis.

scholarly journals Comparative Study on Adding Pioglitazone or Sitagliptin to Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Insufficiently Controlled With Metformin

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (7) ◽  
pp. 955-962 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Jameshorani ◽  
Saba Sayari ◽  
Narjes Kiahashemi ◽  
Nima Motamed
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Open Label ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Single Centre Study ◽  
The Mean

BACKGROUND: Diabetes mellitus is a progressive disorder that often requires combination therapy.AIM: This study aimed to compare and study of add-on sitagliptin versus pioglitazone in patients with type 2 diabetes inadequately controlled with metformin.METHODS: This 12-week, randomised, open-label and single centre study compared sitagliptin (100 mg daily, n = 80) and pioglitazone (30 mg daily, n = 80) in type 2 diabetic patients whose disease was not adequately controlled with metformin.RESULTS: The mean change in HbA1c from baseline was -1.001 ± 0.83 with sitagliptin and -0.75 ± 1.20 with pioglitazone, and there were no significant difference between groups (P = 0.132). The mean change in fasting blood sugar (FBS) was -18.48 ± 33.32 mg/dl with sitagliptin and -20.53 ± 53.97 mg/dl with pioglitazone, and there were no significant difference between groups (P = 0.773). Sitagliptin caused 1.08 ± 2.39 kg decrease in weight, whereas pioglitazone caused 0.27 ± 2.42 kg increase in weight, with a between-group difference of 0.81 kg (P < 0.001). On the other hand, in sitagliptin group, there was greater improvement in lipid profile than pioglitazone group.CONCLUSION: Sitagliptin and Pioglitazone demonstrated similar improvements in glycemic control in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients whose diabetes had been inadequately controlled with metformin. Nevertheless, sitagliptin was more effective than pioglitazone regarding lipid and body weight change.

scholarly journals Health Effects of Abdominal Liposuction in Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes

QJM ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 113 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A H ELkayal ◽  
A M Hefny ◽  
B A Mahmoud ◽  
A M A Anany
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Fatty Tissue ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
Type 2 Dm ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Abdominal Liposuction

Abstract Background Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disorder characterized by the presence of chronic hyperglycaemia accompanied by greater or lesser impairment in the metabolism of carbohydrates, lipids and proteins. DM is probably one of the oldest diseases known to man. It was first reported in Egyptian manuscript about 3000 years ago. In 1936, the distinction between type 1 and type 2 DM was clearly made. Type 2 DM was first described as a component of metabolic syndrome in 1988. The origin and aetiology of DM can vary greatly but always include defects in either insulin secretion or response or in both at some point in the course of disease. Objective The aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of abdominal liposuction in improving quality of life in newly diagnosed uncomplicated type 2 diabetic patients. Methodology This study will take place in plastic Surgery Department, Port Said general Hospital. As total number of cases satisfying inclusion criteria not exceed 6 cases per month during the study period (3 months) the total sample 3x6=18 cases all will be included as comprehensive sample. Results In our study, the mean FPG was 163 ± 22 mg/dl preoperatively. At three months after surgery, it was 162 ± 29 mg/dl, but at six months after surgery, it was 147 ± 28 mg/dl. The mean PPBG was 218 ± 40 mg/dl preoperatively. At three months after surgery, it was 216 ± 40 mg/dl, but at six months after surgery, it was 200 ± 34 mg/dl. The mean HbA1c percentage was 8 ± 0.8% preoperatively. At three months after surgery, it was 7.7 ± 0.8%, but at six months after surgery, it was 7.6 ± 0.8%. The mean triglyceride level was 180 ± 48 preoperatively. At three months after surgery, it was 162 ± 41, but at six months after surgery, it was 159 ± 49. The mean cholesterol was 207 ± 42 preoperatively. At three months after surgery, it was 197 ± 52, but at six months after surgery, it was 189 ± 41. The HOMA-IR was 3 ± 0.7 preoperatively. At three months after surgery, it was 2.8 ± 0.7, but at six months after surgery, it was 2.8 ± 0.7. All the laboratory investigations change over time among the studied patients were not statistically significant. Conclusion So, we can conclude that large-volume abdominal liposuction should not, by itself, be considered a clinical therapy for type 2 diabetes mellitus. Aspiration of large amounts of subcutaneous abdominal fat in diabetic patients, despite having cosmetic benefits, It does not significantly improve insulin sensitivity through altering serum levels of obesity markers. Therefore, the procedure is safe and may could successfully help diabetic subjects to reduce their potential metabolic risks. Therefore, abdominal Liposuction is effective scarless operation for subcutaneous adipose fatty tissue reduction.

scholarly journals Exenatide treatment causes suppression of serum fasting ghrelin levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 193-198
Author(s):  
Metin Guclu ◽  
Sinem Kiyici ◽  
Zulfiye Gul ◽  
Sinan Cavun
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
Total Ghrelin ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Lipid Parameters

Aim In the present study, we investigated the long-term effects of exenatide treatment on serum fasting ghrelin levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods Type 2 diabetic patients, who were using metformin with and without the other antihyperglycemic drugs on a stable dose for at least 3 months, were enrolled in the study. BMI>35 kg/m2 and HbA1c>7.0% were the additional inclusion criteria. Oral antihyperglycemic drugs, other than metformin, were stopped, and metformin treatment was continued at 2000 mg per day. Exenatide treatment was initiated at 5 µg per dose subcutaneously (sc) twice daily, and after one month, the dose of exenatide was increased to 10 µg twice daily. Changes in anthropometric variables, glycemic control, lipid parameters and total ghrelin levels were evaluated at baseline and following 12 weeks of treatment. Results Thirty-eight patients (male/female = 7/31) entered the study. The mean age of patients was 50.5 ± 8.8 years with a mean diabetes duration of 8.5 ± 4.9 years. The mean BMI was 41.6 ± 6.3 kg/m2 and the mean HbA1c of patients was 8.9 ± 1.4%. The mean change in the weight of patients was −5.6 kg and the percentage change in weight was −5.2 ± 3.7% following 12 weeks of treatment. BMI, fasting plasma glucose and HbA1c levels of patients were decreased significantly (P < 0.001 and P < 0.001; respectively), while there was no change in lipid parameters. Serum fasting ghrelin levels were significantly suppressed following 12 weeks of exenatide treatment compared with baseline values (328.4 ± 166.8 vs 245.3 ± 164.8 pg/mL) (P = 0.024). Conclusion These results suggest that the effects of exenatide on weight loss may be related with the suppression of serum fasting ghrelin levels, which is an orexigenic peptide.

scholarly journals Knowledge of type 2 diabetic patients about their condition in Kimpese Hospital diabetic clinic, Democratic Republic of the Congo

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick N. Ntontolo ◽  
Philippe N. Lukanu ◽  
Gboyega A. Ogunbanjo ◽  
Jean-Pierre L. Fina ◽  
Léon N.M. Kintaudi
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Democratic Republic ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Diabetic Clinic ◽  
Republic Of The Congo ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a worldwide increasing health problem of which type 2 diabetes is the most prevalent. Previously considered as a problem of industrialised countries, diabetes is currently a huge concern in developing countries and the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) is one of the sub-Saharan countries with a high prevalence rate of diabetes. Deficit of knowledge has already been shown to be one of the barriers preventing diabetic patients from controlling their disease.Objectives: This study aimed to assess the knowledge of type 2 diabetic patients seen at the Institut Médical Evangélique (IME) Kimpese Hospital diabetic clinic, DRC, and the factors associated with their knowledge.Methods: A cross-sectional study involving 184 respondents was conducted at the diabetic clinic of the IME Kimpese Hospital, DRC. We administered a pre-tested questionnaire. Out of a total of 10, scores of < 5, 5 to < 7, and ≥ 7 were classified as ‘poor knowledge’, ‘moderate knowledge’ and ‘good knowledge’, respectively, according to expert consensus. All statistical tests were performed using p < 0.05 as the level of statistical significance.Results: The mean age of respondents was 57.5 years (s.d. ± 1.4, ranging from 40 to 83 years), with 56% being male. The mean diabetes knowledge score was poor: 3.2 out of a total of 10 (s.d. ± 1.7), with the range between 0.2 and 7.7. The majority of respondents (72.3%) had poor general knowledge about diabetes mellitus. Respondents also scored poorly in areas of the causes (35.6%), risk factors (39.3%), clinical features (34.9%), complications (20.5%) and management (42.4%) of diabetes mellitus. Using the student t-test analysis, it was found that age (p = 0.001), gender (p = 0.002), educational level (p = 0.007) and duration of disease (p = 0.032) were significantly associated with poor knowledge of diabetes mellitus.Conclusions: Knowledge of diabetes mellitus among type 2 diabetic patients seen at our setting was poor. Areas of deficiency and factors associated with knowledge of diabetes were identified. Our findings suggest the need for a health education intervention programme for our diabetic patients.

Awareness of Complications in Diabetic Patients - Study in a Tertiary Care Centre in Kerala

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (37) ◽  
pp. 3334-3338
Author(s):  
Satish Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
Complications Of Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes mellitus is common in the Indian population and awareness regarding the disease and its complications is low among the patients with diabetes. There is lack of studies regarding awareness of complications of diabetes among type 2 diabetic patients. The purpose of this study was to assess the awareness of diabetic complications among type 2 diabetic patients. METHODS This is an institutional based observational study. The sample comprised of 150 adult patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus who underwent treatment in the Department of Medicine, Medical College Kottayam and the patient’s age ranged from 18 - 77 years. RESULTS Majority of patients were in the age group 38 to 57 and the sample comprised of 56 % males and 44 % female patients. Out of 150 patients involved in the study, 120 patients (80 %) were aware of the complications of diabetes mellitus. Among the male patients, 70 (83.33 %) and among females, 50 (75.75 %) were aware of the complications in diabetes. In the study sample, 92 (61.33 %) were aware of the foot problems, 120 patients (80 %) were aware of renal complications, 91 patients were aware regarding eye problems of diabetes, 38 (25.33 %) regarding development of hypertension, 62 (41.33 %) regarding heart attack, 42 (28 %) patients were aware regarding development of stroke and 78 patients (52 %) had awareness regarding occurrence of recurrent infections. CONCLUSIONS Awareness regarding diabetes and its complications is fairly good among the diabetic patients in Kerala. Awareness regarding all complications of diabetes was higher among males than females. Providing awareness to type 2 diabetic patients by various educational programs may be of further help to prevent complications and to decrease the mortality and morbidity in type 2 diabetes patients. KEYWORDS Awareness, Diabetes

scholarly journals The Significance of Urinary Markers in the Evaluation of Diabetic Nephropathy

2008 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 376-382 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatjana Cvetković ◽  
Predrag Vlahović ◽  
Vidosava đorđević ◽  
Lilika Zvezdanović ◽  
Dušica Pavlović ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Diabetic Nephropathy ◽  
Urine Concentration ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
Urinary Markers ◽  
Stress Markers

The Significance of Urinary Markers in the Evaluation of Diabetic Nephropathy Oxidative stress is considered to be a unifying link between diabetes mellitus (DM) and its complications, including nephropathy (DN). The aim of this study was to determine the parameters of oxidative injury of lipids and proteins as well as the activity of ectoenzymes in the urine of DN patients. The study included 40 individuals: 10 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and microalbuminuria (DMT2-MIA), 10 type 2 diabetic patients with macroalbuminuria (DMT2-MAA), 10 patients with type 1 diabetes and microalbuminuria (DMT1-MIA) and 10 age- and sex-matched healthy subjects (control). In the urine we determined TBA reactive substances (TBARS), reactive carbonyl groups (RCG), and the activity of ectoenzymes N-acetyl-β-d-glucosaminidase (NAG), plasma cell differentiation antigen (PC-1), aminopeptidase N (APN) and dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP IV). A higher concentration of TBARS in the urine was found in DMT2-MIA and DMT1-MIA, compared to the control group (p<0.001 and P<0.05). The urine concentration of RCD shows similar results with a significant elevation in the groups with DMT2-MAA and DMT1-MIA, compared to the DMT2-MIA (p<0.001) and control group (p<0.001). Activities of NAG, APN and DPPIV were significantly higher in the urine of DMT2-MAA, compared to the control (p<0.01). The activity of PC-1 was slightly increased in that group, but not significantly. In conclusion, the level of oxidative stress markers and activities of brush border ectoenzymes in the urine may be a useful non-invasive and easily repeatable test in DN.

scholarly journals Serum Selenium Status in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes and Control Group

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 234
Author(s):  
Zahra Heidari ◽  
Zahra Sepehri ◽  
Aleme Doostdar
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Serum Level ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Diabetes Incidence ◽  
Serum Selenium ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean

<p>In addition to known risk factors, the role of different micronutrients such as selenium in diabetes incidence has been proposed. Some previous studies have shown an association of selenium deficiency and type 2 diabetes mellitus, while other studies have not confirmed such a relationship. The aim of this study was to evaluate serum level of selenium in patients with Type 2 diabetes compared with the control group. This cross-sectional study was carried out on patients with type 2 diabetes in Zahedan, southeastern Iran. One hundred newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients were evaluated for serum selenium level. One hundred subjects from the general population who had normal fasting blood sugar levels were selected as the control group. The control group subjects were matched in pairs with each of patients on the basis of sex, age (± one year), and body mass index (±1). Serum level of selenium was determined by spectrometry method. Results were compared using t-test. The mean serum level of selenium in patients was 94.47±18.07 µg/L whereas in control group was 142.79±23.67 µg/L. The mean serum level of selenium was significantly different between the two groups (P&lt;0.001). Serum levels of selenium in diabetic patients with significant difference statistically were lower than the control group. In order to evaluate serum level of selenium in patients with diabetes, studies with larger sample size are required. Likewise, prospective studies along with selenium supplementation and investigating its effect on incidence of diabetes are accordingly needed.</p>

scholarly journals TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS;

2013 ◽  
Vol 20 (02) ◽  
pp. 237-243
Author(s):  
GHULAM HUSSAIN BALOCH ◽  
ABDUL QADIR DALL ◽  
ATIF SITWAT HAYAT ◽  
Syed Zulfiquar Ali Shah ◽  
Bikha Ram Devrajani
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Haemoglobin A1c ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
History Of ◽  
Upper Molar

Objective: To determine the frequency and pattern of dental carries in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Design: Crosssectional descriptive study. Patients and methods: Patients with history of type 2 diabetes mellitus for ≥ 02 years duration with ≥ 35 years ofage and of either gender with dental pain visit at medical and dental outpatient department (OPD) of Liaquat University Hospital Hyderabad.The detail history was taken and the blood samples were taken for haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) to assess the glycemic status. The existenceof dental carries and its pattern was diagnosed through dental examination by consultant dentist had clinical experience ≥05 years. The datawas collected on pre-designed proforma, entered and analyzed in SPSS version 11.00. Results: A total of 137 type 2 diabetic patients wereselected for this study, out of these 82 were males and 55 females. The dental carries was found in 98 (71.5%) patients. Out of these ninetyeight, 53 (54.08%) were males and 45 (45.92%) were female. Upper molar teeth involvement was present in 46 patients and lower molarteeth were involved in 52 patients. Dentine carries was seen in 35 patients, enamel carries in 19, white spot carries in 20 patients, pulpitis in16 patients, and pulp capping in 8 patients. Involvement of individual teeth was also assessed, the upper molar involvement was present in32 patients, premolar involvement was present in 11, incisor involvement in 03 patients. The lower molars were involved in 28 patients,lower pre molar in 21 and lower incisors in 03 patients. Dental carries was present in 43 (43.9%) patients in patients whose duration ofdiabetes was between 5-10 years, whereas those patients having duration >10 years had 31.6% frequency of dental carries, whileregarding duration of <5 years only 24 (24.5%) patients had dental carries. Conclusions: The diabetic patients are more prone to acquiredental caries.

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