scholarly journals The Role of Mirena (Intra-uterine progestogens), Other than Contraceptive benefits: Current Concepts and Practices

1970 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 174-182
Author(s):  
I Bina
Keyword(s):  
Blood Loss ◽  
Side Effect ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Hormone Replacement ◽  
Uterine Cavity ◽  
Common Side Effect ◽  
Maximum Effect ◽  
Conflicting Evidence ◽  
Contraceptive System ◽  
Long Acting

Mirena is a long acting intrauterine hormone-releasing (LNG-IUS) contraceptive system with a flexible plastic T-shaped frame bearing a levonorgestrel(LNG)- containing cylinder which releases small doses levonorgestrel into the uterine cavity after insertion with maximum effect on the endometrium and minimum progestogenic side-effect. LNG causes thinning of the endometrium, atrophy of the endometrial glands and decidualisation of the endometrial stroma. The most common side-effect of LNG-IUS is unscheduled vaginal bleeding in the first 3 months, so proper counseling is needed. In some cases functional ovarian cysts may occur which are relatively small, symptomless and resolved spontaneously within a short time.Mirena is now licensed for the treatment of menorrhagia in UK because it reduces 97% of blood loss in 12 months uses. It is also an effective progestogenic endometrial protection in women with Hormone replacement therapy. There are conflicting evidence of LNG-IUS in the management of Fibroids uterus but it reduces fibroid related menstrual blood losses. It has also some beneficial effect in endometriosis and adenomyosis by reducing pain and blood loss. The LNG-IUS also reduces endometrial hyperplasia and may take place in the treatment of eartly endometrial cancer in some cases. The rate of ectopic pregnancy and pelvic inflammatory diseases are reduced in Mirena users compared with IUCD users.Keywords: Mirena; Intrauterine progestogens; Noncontraceptive; LNG-IUS DOI: 10.3329/jbcps.v28i3.6511J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2010; 28: 167-173

Menstruation Among Adolescent Girls Living in Rural Border Areas

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ritu Gupta ◽  
Ravinder K Gupta ◽  
Vallabh Dogra ◽  
Himani Badyal
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Blood Loss ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Common Side Effect ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Border Areas

Objective: To study the various beliefs and problems regarding menstruation among adolescent girls living in rural border areas. Design- Prospective study. Setting- Pediatric outpatient clinic. Materials and methods- About 200 adolescent girls (11-19 years) living in rural border areas were enrolled for the study. These girls were asked about menarche, duration of the cycle, amount of blood loss and the various menstrual problems. They were also asked about the various beliefs and myths regarding menstruation. The girls having any illness affecting the menstrual cycle or those suffering from neuropsychiatric disorders were excluded from this study. Results- About 51% of the study population was in the age group 17-18 years. About 43.5% of girls attained menarche at the age of 10-12 years. About 51% of girls did not know about menstruation before menarche. Abdominal pain was the most common side effect seen in 41% of girls during menstruation. About 61% of girls considered themselves unclean during menstruation.  Twenty percent avoided schools, 20% avoided kitchen, 12% avoided temples while 10% stayed away from friends/ relatives. Only 33% of girls knew that menstruation stops temporarily after becoming pregnant. Twenty-two percent girls were using sanitary napkins while the rest used different types of clothes during the menstrual cycle. Conclusion- There is a dire need to educate girls regarding menstruation before menarche in the rural border areas. Every mother should discuss in a friendly way regarding various aspects of menstruation.

A genome-wide association study of nausea incidence in varenicline-treated cigarette smokers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meghan J Chenoweth ◽  
Caryn Lerman ◽  
Jo Knight ◽  
Rachel F Tyndale
Keyword(s):  
Association Study ◽  
Side Effect ◽  
Genome Wide Association Study ◽  
Genome Wide Association ◽  
Common Side Effect ◽  
Drug Transporter ◽  
Transporter Gene ◽  
Cigarette Smokers ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
A Genome

Abstract Introduction Varenicline is the most efficacious smoking cessation treatment, however long-term cessation rates tend to be <25%. Nausea, the most common side effect of varenicline, observed in ~28% of individuals treated, peaks early following treatment initiation and reduces cessation success. Genetic variation influences treatment response, however genetic contributors to individual differences in side effects are less understood. Methods We conducted a genome-wide association study of nausea incidence at one week following the initiation of varenicline treatment (corresponding to the target quit date) in 189 cigarette smokers of European ancestry (NCT01314001). Additive genetic models examining the likelihood of experiencing any versus no nausea controlled for population substructure, age, and sex. Variants with minor allele frequencies (MAF) ≥ 10% were considered. Results Fifty-seven (30.2%) out of 189 participants reported nausea. The top variant associated with nausea was rs1568209 (OR=2.61 for A vs. G allele; 95% CI=1.65,4.15; P=2.1e-7; MAF=48.7%), mapping to the SLCO3A1 drug transporter gene on chromosome 15. In the same trial, rs1568209 was not associated with nausea in either the nicotine patch (P=0.56; n=181) or placebo (P=0.59; n=174) arms. In varenicline-treated smokers, the incidence of nausea was higher in females (44.6%; n=74) versus males (20.9%; n=115) (P=0.001), however there was no evidence of a difference in the influence of rs1568209 on nausea between the sexes (P for sex*genotype interaction=0.36). Future studies in larger samples are required to test the robustness of this finding. Conclusions Variation in SLCO3A1 may influence the risk for developing nausea in varenicline-treated smokers, which may alter adherence and cessation. Implications Varenicline-associated nausea reduces adherence and limits cessation success. Previous candidate gene association studies showed genetic factors influence nausea on varenicline. This pilot genome-wide investigation of nausea, the most common side effect associated with varenicline treatment and an importance cause of treatment discontinuation, suggests the potential involvement of common variation in the SLCO3A1 drug transporter gene.

Sarcoidosis and Sarcoid Reactions in Endometrial Cancer Cases Masquerading Advanced Stage Malignancy

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Serkan Akis ◽  
Canan Kabaca ◽  
Esra Keles ◽  
Handan Cetiner ◽  
Hatice Akay
Keyword(s):  
Endometrial Cancer ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Uterine Cavity ◽  
Standardized Uptake Value ◽  
Granulomatous Inflammation ◽  
Pathological Examination ◽  
Pet Ct ◽  
Granulomatous Lesions ◽  
Granulomatous Lymphadenitis

Background: Sarcoidosis is usually diagnosed by ruling out other granulomatous inflammatory diseases. Rarely, it may be suspected with a pathological examination after surgical intervention for another disease. The sarcoid reaction is noninfectious granulomatous lymphadenitis which can occur at nodes draining a neoplasm. We demonstrated granulomatous lesions masquerading metastasis by Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography (PET/CT) in endometrial cancer. We presented two cases of endometrial cancer with sarcoidosis and sarcoid-like reactions because of their challenging clinical and radiological findings. Cases: In case 1, there was diffuse granulomatous inflammation (no metastasis) in lymph nodes (n=92) and giant cells containing calcifications (Schaumann bodies). In case 2, PET/CT revealed hypermetabolism with malignancy suspicion in the pelvic lymph nodes (maximum standardized uptake value= 13) and pathological evaluation reported a 4.5 cm tumor within the uterine cavity without any nodal metastasis. Results: PET/CT has no role in the evaluation of differential diagnosis between granulomatous lymphadenitis and metastatic disease. Conclusions: Granulomatous lesions might mimic the metastasis of coexisting malignant diseases.

Chest Pain: Common Side Effect

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 6-9
Author(s):  
Anecita Fadol
Keyword(s):  
Chest Pain ◽  
Side Effect ◽  
Common Side Effect

Optimization of the treatment-diagnostic approach to manual vacuum-aspiration at post-partum pyo-inflammatory diseases

2018 ◽  
pp. 40-45
Author(s):  
O.V. Bulavenko ◽  
◽  
L.R. Ostapiuk ◽  
V.O. Rud ◽  
A.S. Voloshinovskii ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fluorescence Spectroscopy ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Uterine Cavity ◽  
Short Wave ◽  
Main Group ◽  
Optimal Time ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Vacuum Aspiration ◽  
Manual Vacuum Aspiration

The problem of postpartum pyo-inflammatory diseases requires the introduction of new approaches to its solution and optimization of diagnostic and therapeutic developments. The objective: was to determine the optimal time for manual vacuum aspiration of the uterus in postpartum endometritis, correction of therapeutic tactics and control of patients in the framework of the method of fluorescence spectroscopy. Materials and methods. The main group – 170 women with postpartum pyo-inflammatory diseases, control group – 40 women with uncomplicated course of the postpartum period. Their blood serum was examined using the method of fluorescence spectroscopy, in particular after manual vacuum aspiration of the uterus. Results. Fluorescence spectra were studied for 40 women of control group and 170 women of the main group, among them in 44 (25.8%) – in the dynamics during the treatment after manual vacuum aspiration of the uterine cavity. In 93.2% of the patients in the main group after it an increase in fluorescence intensity and max displacement in the short-wave region were recorded, which was a reliable sign of improving the condition of the patients. Conclusion. The use of the method of fluorescence spectroscopy in postpartum endometritis after manual vacuum aspiration of the uterus significantly helps to improve the monitoring of the process of treatment and, if necessary, to correct it in order to recover the patients in time. Key words: endometritis, manual vacuum aspiration of the uterus, the method of fluorescence spectroscopy.

scholarly journals Assessment of Patients’ Adherence to Antiepileptic Medications at Dessie Referral Hospital, Chronic Follow-Up, South Wollo, Amhara Region, North East Ethiopia

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gizachew Kassahun ◽  
Getachew Moges ◽  
Yitayew Demessie
Keyword(s):  
Side Effect ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Referral Hospital ◽  
Clinical Event ◽  
Common Side Effect ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
North East ◽  
Patients With Epilepsy ◽  
Dessie Referral Hospital

An epileptic seizure is a clinical event presumed to result from an abnormal and excessive neuronal discharge. The clinical symptoms are paroxysmal and may include impaired consciousness and motor, sensory, autonomic, or psychic events perceived by the subject or an observer. Epilepsy occurs when 2 or more epileptic seizures occur unprovoked by any immediately identifiable cause. And in the majority of patients with epilepsy, antiepileptic drugs effectively control their illness. However, more than 30% of people with epilepsy do not attain full seizure control, even with the best available treatment regimen. The aim of this study is to assess self-reported adherence in adult patients with epilepsy and to identify potential barriers for nonadherence to antiepileptic drug treatment in Dessie Referral Hospital. A hospital based cross-sectional study was conducted using structured questionnaires including Morisky medication adherence scale and analysis was conducted descriptively using SPSS version 20. The level of nonadherence to antiepileptic medication regimens was 34.1%. The major reason for missing medication was forgetfulness 53.5%. And the most common side effect was sedation 56.2%. Conclusion. Majority of epileptic patients in Dessie Referral Hospital was adherent to their AEDs treatment and among the determinants of adherence assessed the level of education and the side effect of drugs showed statistical significance.

Drug spider: Pinpointing genes responsible for common side effect produced by several drugs

2014 ◽  
Vol 229 ◽  
pp. S161-S162
Author(s):  
Vivien Landre ◽  
Richard Knight ◽  
Gerry Melino ◽  
Alexey Antonov
Keyword(s):  
Side Effect ◽  
Common Side Effect

scholarly journals Erythromycin shortens neutrophil survival by accelerating apoptosis.

1995 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 872-877 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Aoshiba ◽  
A Nagai ◽  
K Konno
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Clinical Effectiveness ◽  
Maximum Effect ◽  
Intracellular Camp ◽  
Diffuse Panbronchiolitis ◽  
Dose Dependent Fashion ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Neutrophil Survival ◽  
Camp Levels ◽  
Inflammatory Action

Erythromycin is reported to have an anti-inflammatory action, which may account for its clinical effectiveness in the treatment of chronic inflammatory diseases such as diffuse panbronchiolitis. To evaluate the anti-inflammatory action of erythromycin, we examined the survival of isolated neutrophils with and without erythromycin. Erythromycin shortened neutrophil survival in a dose-dependent fashion, with a maximum effect at 10 micrograms/ml [corrected] and above. Survival at 24 h was 63.4% in medium with 10 micrograms of erythromycin per ml compared with 82.7% in control medium (P < 0.01). This shortening of survival was brought about by acceleration of apoptosis, as evidenced by transmission electron microscopy. In a manner similar to that of erythromycin, other macrolide antibiotics, i.e., clarithromycin, roxithromycin, and midecamycin, also shortened neutrophil survival, but neither the beta-lactams ampicillin and cefazolin nor the aminoglycoside gentamicin affected their survival. Erythromycin increased intracellular levels of cyclic AMP (cAMP) to 150% of control levels in neutrophils. Forskolin, rolipram, and dibutyryl-cAMP, which are known to increase intracellular cAMP levels, also shortened neutrophil survival. H-89, an inhibitor of cAMP-dependent protein kinase A, partially blocked the survival-shortening effect of erythromycin. Our findings suggest that erythromycin shortens neutrophil survival at least in part through elevation of intracellular cAMP levels.

scholarly journals COMPARISON OF EFFICACY AND SAFETY SILODOSIN 8 MG ONCE DAILY AND SILODOSIN 4 MG TWICE DAILY IN BPH PATIENTS WITH LUTS

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramzie Nendra Diansyah ◽  
Johan Renaldo ◽  
Wahjoe Djatisoesanto ◽  
Lukman Hakim
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Events ◽  
Side Effect ◽  
Similar Efficacy ◽  
Common Adverse Event ◽  
Common Side Effect ◽  
Urinary Flow ◽  
Once Daily ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
Maximum Urinary Flow

Objective: This study was aimed to compare the efficacy and side effect of silodosin 8mg once daily and silodosin 4mg twice daily in BPH-LUTS patients after 4 and 12 weeks. Material & Methods: Single blind randomized controlled trials in 60 male patients aged ≥45 years with BPH-LUTS from July 2017 to October 2017 was divided into groups who received 8mg of silodosin once daily and those who received 4mg of silodosin twice daily. Efficacy and adverse events were evaluated after 4 and 12 weeks of treatment. Results:  There was no significant difference of mean age of the two groups was 67.93 ± 6.49 years and 69.07 ± 6.28 years respectively (p 0.49). Both doses of this drug decreased the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) and significantly increased the maximum urinary flow (Qmax) (p<0.05) but there was no significant differences between the two groups (p>0.05). Ejaculation disorder was the most common side effect in all groups (6.7% and 5%) and there was no significant difference between the two groups (p>0.05). Conclusion: The administration of 8mg of once daily silodosin has similar efficacy as 4mg twice daily silodosin. There were no adverse events differences in the two groups. Ejaculation disorder is the most common adverse event of silodosin administration.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document