Lactobacillus species As a Cause of Urinary Tract Infection

Lactobacillus is a genus of Gram-positive, facultative anaerobic or microaerophilic, rod-shaped, non-spore-forming bacteria.1 In human, they constitute a significant component of microbial flora at a number of body sites, such as the digestive system, urinary system, and genital system. Lactobacillus species are normally a major part of the vaginal microbial flora.2,3,4 As a normal bacterial flora of the vagina the organisms are typically considered contaminants when cultured from urine specimens of female patients. Here we describe the case of a female patient with chronic pyuria and urinary tract symptoms in which Lactobacillus spp. was determined to be the causative microorganism. After proper treatment the patient gets well soon. J Dhaka Medical College, Vol. 27, No.2, October, 2018, Page 215-217

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Analytical Study of Conjunctival Bacterial Flora in Diabetic and Non Diabetic Patients

JOURNAL FOR CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC RESEARCH ◽

10.7860/jcdr/2020/47457.15150 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Tamojit Chatterjee ◽

Shrutakirti Ghosh ◽

Rinki Saha ◽

Sandip Samaddar

Keyword(s):

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Analytical Study ◽

Bacterial Flora ◽

Microbial Flora ◽

P Value ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Chi Square ◽

Medical College ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Chi Square Test

Introduction: Conjunctiva is a transparent mucous membrane that lines inside of the eyelids and covers the sclera. It is composed of non keratinised, stratified columnar epithelium with goblet cells. Normal microbial flora constitutes organisms which are present in eyelids and conjunctiva without causing any disease. At birth eyes are sterile but they are later infected by various organisms. Gram positive organisms are mostly prevalent in ocular flora. Diabetes mellitus is a multifactorial disease that can affect all ocular structures. Aim: To compare the microbial flora between diabetic and non diabetic patients and to study there sensitivity to antibiotics. Materials and Methods: This was an analytical study conducted on a total of 100 patients attending Department of Opthalmology of Medical College and Hospital, Kolkata, India between June 2019 to July 2019. They were not using any topical ocular preparation. Conjunctival swab was taken from upper fornix of the patients and cultured and the results obtained were analysed using Chi-Square test. Results: Conjunctival flora of a total of 100 patients, 30 diabetic and 70 non diabetic, were screened. Among the 30 diabetic patients, there were 15 (50%) male and 15 (50%) female. The most common isolated bacteria in diabetic and non diabetic groups were staphylococcus aureus (diabetic 70%, non diabetic 85.7%). There was a statistically significant difference in microbial flora pattern between the diabetic and non diabetic group. There was higher proportion of staphylococcus epidermidis among diabetic patients compared to non diabetic patients (p-value<0.01) and there was a higher proportion of staphylococcus aureus among non diabetics (p-value<0.01). Conclusion: Present study found statistically significant difference in the microbial flora between diabetics and non diabetics. This will help the clinician to plan for the antibiotic prophylaxis before surgery for patients attending the Out Patient Department (OPD).

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Brain abscess of odontogenic origin in patients with malignant tumors: A report of two cases

Surgical Neurology International ◽

10.25259/sni_541_2021 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

pp. 417

Author(s):

Teishiki Shibata ◽

Nobukazu Hashimoto ◽

Atsuhiko Okura ◽

Mitsuhito Mase

Keyword(s):

Cancer Treatment ◽

Brain Abscess ◽

Malignant Tumors ◽

Bacterial Flora ◽

Oral Infection ◽

Oral Infections ◽

Causative Microorganism ◽

Odontogenic Origin ◽

Brain Abscesses ◽

Normal Bacterial Flora

Background: Oral infection and dental manipulations can lead to the development of brain abscesses, a rare but potentially life-threatening condition. Herein, we report patients undergoing cancer treatment who developed brain abscesses of odontogenic origin at our hospital. Case Description: Two patients developed brain abscesses during cancer treatment. Both underwent neurosurgical aspiration, and the causative microorganism was identified as Streptococcus intermedius of the Streptococcus anginosus group, which is a part of the normal bacterial flora in the oral cavity. There was clinical and radiographic evidence of dental infection in one of the patients diagnosed with a brain abscess of odontogenic origin. No infectious foci were found in the other patient during hospitalization for the abscess. However, the patient had undergone extraction of an infected tooth approximately 3 months before admission for the abscess, suggesting origination from an oral infection or dental manipulation. The patients’ cancers rapidly worsened because cancer treatment in both patients was interrupted for several months to treat the brain abscess. Conclusion: Oral infections can cause severe infections, such as brain abscesses, particularly during the treatment of malignant tumors. Improving the oral environment or treating oral infections before initiating treatment for malignant tumors is highly recommended. In addition, the possibility of odontogenic origin should always be considered as a potential etiology of brain abscesses.

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Analytical Study of Conjunctival Bacterial Flora in Diabetic and Non Diabetic Patients

JOURNAL FOR CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC RESEARCH ◽

10.7860/jcdr/2021/47457.15150 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Tamojit Chatterjee ◽

Shrutakirti Ghosh ◽

Rinki Saha ◽

Sandip Samaddar

Keyword(s):

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Analytical Study ◽

Bacterial Flora ◽

Microbial Flora ◽

P Value ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Chi Square ◽

Medical College ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Chi Square Test

Introduction: Conjunctiva is a transparent mucous membrane that lines inside of the eyelids and covers the sclera. It is composed of non keratinised, stratified columnar epithelium with goblet cells. Normal microbial flora constitutes organisms which are present in eyelids and conjunctiva without causing any disease. At birth eyes are sterile but they are later infected by various organisms. Gram positive organisms are mostly prevalent in ocular flora. Diabetes mellitus is a multifactorial disease that can affect all ocular structures. Aim: To compare the microbial flora between diabetic and non diabetic patients and to study there sensitivity to antibiotics. Materials and Methods: This was an analytical study conducted on a total of 100 patients attending Department of Opthalmology of Medical College and Hospital, Kolkata, India between June 2019 to July 2019. They were not using any topical ocular preparation. Conjunctival swab was taken from upper fornix of the patients and cultured and the results obtained were analysed using Chi-Square test. Results: Conjunctival flora of a total of 100 patients, 30 diabetic and 70 non diabetic, were screened. Among the 30 diabetic patients, there were 15 (50%) male and 15 (50%) female. The most common isolated bacteria in diabetic and non diabetic groups were staphylococcus aureus (diabetic 70%, non diabetic 85.7%). There was a statistically significant difference in microbial flora pattern between the diabetic and non diabetic group. There was higher proportion of staphylococcus epidermidis among diabetic patients compared to non diabetic patients (p-value <0.01) and there was a higher proportion of staphylococcus aureus among non diabetics (p-value <0.01). Conclusion: Present study found statistically significant difference in the microbial flora between diabetics and non diabetics. This will help the clinician to plan for the antibiotic prophylaxis before surgery for patients attending the Out Patient Department (OPD).

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A prospective study of sexual dysfunction in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia

International Surgery Journal ◽

10.18203/2349-2902.isj20180500 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 5 (3) ◽

pp. 802

Author(s):

Leelakrishna P. ◽

Saravanan J.

Keyword(s):

Urinary Tract ◽

Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia ◽

Sexual Dysfunction ◽

Lower Urinary Tract ◽

Prostatic Hyperplasia ◽

Medical College ◽

Urinary Tract Symptoms ◽

A Prospective Study ◽

Lower Urinary

Background: Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)/ lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) patients have been found to be more prevalence of sexual dysfunction than in men with no BPH/LUTS. In this study, the authors aimed to evaluate the prevalence of sexual dysfunction in the BPH patient to see the correlation between BPH and sexual dysfunction.Methods: All patients who attended Urology outpatient department or admitted in Government Kilpauk Medical College and Hospital and Government Royapettah hospital during October 2013 to October 2014 for symptoms of BPH were enrolled for the study.Results: The prevalence of sexual dysfunction in patients with LUTS is70%. The severity of sexual dysfunction correlates with severity of LUTS. Ejaculatory function deteriorates after treatment of LUTS/BPH.Conclusions: Though the sample size is small and the follow up is limited, it can be suggested that treatment of sexual function should be combined with management of sexual dysfunction for better patient satisfaction.

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