Risk Factors in Young Stroke

Background: Stroke in young age is less frequent than in older populations but has a major impact on the individual and society. This study was done to find out aetiological pattern and associated risk factors of stroke in young adults. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional observational study was conducted in the Department of Medicine and Neurology, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka, during the period of April to October 2016. We studied consecutive 100 stroke patients between the age of 15-45 years. Results: In this study 62% patients were male and 38% were female, male incidence is 24% higher than female and ratio is 1. 38. Infarction was found in 65% cases. Haemorrhage was in 35% cases. Dyslipidaemia was mostly associated risk factor in both infarction (76. 91%) and in haemorrhage (85. 71%). High prevalence of dyslipidaemia as associated risk factor may indicate premature atherosclerosis. Conclusion: Stroke in young requires a different approach to investigation and management than stroke in the elderly due to differences in the relative frequencies of possible underlying causes. It remains the case, however, that atherosclerosis contributes to a large proportion of stroke in young patients, thus conventional risk factors must be targeted aggressively. J MEDICINE JAN 2020; 21 (1) : 26-30

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Stroke in Young Age - Study of 50 Cases

Journal of Medicine ◽

10.3329/jom.v9i1.1419 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 10-15 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Md Titu Miah ◽

AKM Aminul Hoque ◽

Binoy Krishna Tarafder ◽

Syed Mohammad Ali Romel ◽

Md Kamrul Hassan

Keyword(s):

Risk Factor ◽

The Elderly ◽

Young Age ◽

Premature Atherosclerosis ◽

College Hospital ◽

Medical College ◽

High Prevalence ◽

Associated Risk Factors ◽

Better Than ◽

Stroke In Young

Stroke in young age is relatively uncommon but has serious impact on the affected family as well as society. The causes are more diversed and differ as compared to the elderly. Overall prognosis is better than elderly but there is still significant morbidity and mortality. We studied consecutive 50 stroke patients between the age of 15-45 admitted in Mymensingh Medical College Hospital. The objective of this study was to evaluate the aetiological pattern, associated risk factors and inpatient outcome. Mean age of the patients was 35.8 Â± 7.39 SD ( years ), female male ratio was 1 : 1.27. Infarction was found in 60% cases. Haemorrhage was in 40% cases. Dyslipidaemia was mostly associated risk factor in both infarction (83.3%) and in haemorrhage (75%). In 74% cases aetiology could not be identified. High prevalence of dyslipidemia as associated risk factor may indicate premature atherosclerosis. Overall in-patient mortality was12% .Mortality in haemorrhagic strokes is higher. Â DOI = 10.3329/jom.v9i1.1419 J MEDICINE 2008; 9 : 10-15

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P.090 Risk factors and etiology of stroke in young adults: a 6-years retrospective hospital-based study, OMAN

Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences / Journal Canadien des Sciences Neurologiques ◽

10.1017/cjn.2018.192 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 45 (s2) ◽

pp. S40-S40

Author(s):

AM Al Hashmi ◽

S Jose ◽

S Al Mawali

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Risk Factor ◽

Chart Review ◽

Young Patients ◽

Life Time ◽

Royal Hospital ◽

Stroke In Young Adults ◽

Single Center Study ◽

Stroke In The Young ◽

Stroke In Young

Background: Stroke in the young is particularly tragic because of its potential for life time disability. Although a large number of studies have been published Worldwide. Very few have looked at etiologies in the youth of the Middle East,and none have focused on Oman. Methods: Retrospective,single center study,carried out at the Royal Hospital in Muscat. Chart review identifying all patients under 50 years of age admitted for acute stroke from 2009-2014. We analyzed the detailed history,examination and brain imaging (CT or MRI) for each case. We identified 588 young patients,163 of these were excluded due to other diagnosis or absence of neuroimaging (CT or MRI). Results: Out of the 425 stroke cases,67.3% were men. IS occurred in 69.6% compared to 30.4% for HS. Hypertension was the number one risk factor for both IS and HS,with a prevalence 50.7% and 60.5% respectively. DM was the second leading risk factor,with a prevalence of 32.1% in IS and 27.1% in HS. Underlying etiologies were identified in only 35.5% of cases in IS and 29.5% in HS.Cardiac etiology and vasculopathy were commonest for IS. Aneurysm was the main underlying etiology for HS. Conclusions: IS was more frequent than HS.Hypertension and DM were the leading risk factors for both stroke subtypes. Cardioembolism and vasculopathy were the main etiologies for IS.Cerebral aneurysm for HS.

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Prevalence and outcome of young stroke patients with middle cerebral artery stenosis

BMC Neurology ◽

10.1186/s12883-021-02125-8 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Wenjuan Xu ◽

Xiaoyu Zhang ◽

Huan Chen ◽

Zhangning Zhao ◽

Meijia Zhu

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Logistic Regression ◽

Risk Factor ◽

Factor Score ◽

Unfavorable Outcome ◽

Stroke Patients ◽

Young Stroke ◽

Stroke In Young Adults ◽

Risk Factor Score ◽

Stroke In Young

Abstract Background Etiologies of acute ischemic stroke in young adults are heterogeneous. Middle cerebral artery (MCA) stenosis is a common finding in Asians which may be an important cause of stroke in young adults. However, studies of stroke in young Asian populations are rare. Our study was to investigate the prevalence and outcome of young stroke patients with MCA stenosis in Chinese populations. Methods Young patients with MCA territory infarction between January 2013 and September 2018 were retrospectively recruited. Subjects were defined as stenosis group (MCA stenosis ≥50%) and no-stenosis group (MCA stenosis<50% or no stenosis) by their MCA stenosis. For patients in stenosis group, they were categorized as uni-MCA stenosis subgroup and multiple stenosis subgroup. Demographic data, risk factors, imaging feature and complications were compared between groups. Prevalence of MCA stenosis and risk factor score (score ≥ 2 or 3) in different age groups were investigated. Modified Rankin Scale (mRS) was used for evaluating functional outcome at discharge (unfavorable outcome: 3–6). Binary logistic regression was performed to determine independent risk factors of unfavorable outcome. Results Two hundred forty-nine young stroke patients were included in our study and 110 (44.2%) patients were defined as stenosis group. 55 (50%) patients were categorized as uni-MCA stenosis subgroup and 55 (50%) were multiple stenosis subgroup. The most common traditional vascular risk factors included hypertension, hyperlipemia, smoking, hyperhomocysteinemia and alcohol consumption. Prevalence of risk factor score ≥ 2 or 3 increased with age, but not incidence of MCA stenosis. By TOAST classification, the most common etiologies were large-artery atherosclerosis (41.0%) and small vessel disease (33.7%). Compared with no-stenosis group, patients in stenosis group were more likely to have large territorial infarct, develop complications and have unfavorable outcome. No significant difference was found between patients in uni-MCA stenosis and multiple stenosis subgroups except history of stroke/TIA, risk factor score ≥ 3 and silent infarct. By logistic regression, hypertension (OR = 3.561; 95%CI, 1.494 to 8.492; p = 0.004), NIHSS scores at admission (OR = 1.438; 95%CI, 1.276 to 1.620; p = 0,000) and infarct size (p = 0.015) independently predicted unfavorable outcome. Conclusions Forty-four point two percent young Chinese adults with MCA territory infarction had MCA stenosis. Prevalence of MCA stenosis did not increase with age. Patients with MCA stenosis had worse clinical outcome, however, only hypertension, NIHSS scores at admission and infarct size were independent predictors.

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CLINICAL PROFILE OF PATIENTS OF YOUNG STROKE.

10.36106/ijar/3218440 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 68-70

Author(s):

Nitin Hiraman Suryawanshi ◽

Amit Aggarwal ◽

Abhijit Kadam

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Risk Factors ◽

Young Patients ◽

Behavioural Pattern ◽

Long Term Outcomes ◽

Short Term ◽

Traditional Risk Factors ◽

The Individual ◽

Stroke In Young

A study of stroke in young patients has recently become a subject of interest. This is due to a lot of impact on the individual and society. Study of stroke in young patients can lead to therapeutical results affecting both short term and long-term outcomes. Our study is hospital based retrospective study for duration of 1 year. Thi Methods: Results: s study revealed stroke in young in 25.16% of all stroke cases, with cerebral infarction in 56% and followed by intracerebral haemorrhage in 25.64%, and cerebral venous thrombosis in 18%. The most common presenting symptom was hemiparesis. The most prevalent risk factor for stroke in young was hypertension followed by diabetes mellitus, alcohol consumption and smoking. Stroke in young requires a differe Conclusion: nt approach to investigate and treat. This is due to different underlying etilogy as compared to elderly. Although traditional risk factors are associated with stroke, behavioural pattern such as smoking and alcohol may cause and promote development of stroke in young.

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Frequency of Lipohypertrophy and Associated Risk Factors in Young Patients with Type 1 Diabetes: A Cross-Sectional Study

Diabetes Therapy ◽

10.1007/s13300-016-0161-3 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

pp. 259-267 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Ayman A. Al Hayek ◽

Asirvatham A. Robert ◽

Rim B. Braham ◽

Mohamed A. Al Dawish

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Type 1 Diabetes ◽

Young Patients ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Associated Risk Factors

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METABOLIC SYNDROME

The Professional Medical Journal ◽

10.29309/tpmj/2018.25.02.456 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 25 (02) ◽

pp. 277-281

Author(s):

Ayesha Anwer ◽

Majid Kaleem ◽

Hassan Abbas ◽

Asif Hanif

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Risk Factor ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

The Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Cardiology Department ◽

Common Risk Factors ◽

The Individual ◽

Study Setting

Objectives: The objective of this study was to investigate the importance ofindividual IHD risk factors and major components of the metabolic syndrome associated withIHD. Study Design: Descriptive cross sectional study. Setting: Cardiology Department ofGulab Devi Chest Hospital Lahore. Period: Nov, 2015 to Feb, 2016. Methodology: Patientsof either gender and from 20 to 90 year of age admitted with IHD via emergency departmentwere recruited after informed consent. The frequency of metabolic syndrome was evaluated inthese patients. In addition the individual component of metabolic syndrome as risk factor of IHDwas calculated. The data was analysed by using the SPSS version.16. Results: The metabolicsyndrome present in 44.67%of IHD patients and more prevalent in men 52% than in women48%. Total of 150 patients of IHD studied with both gender as male 94(63.33%) vs female 55(36.67%). The most common risk factor of metabolic syndrome for IHD was high blood pressurepresent in 75% of patients followed by diabetes in 50%, abdominal obesity 40.67%, low HDL42.67% and high TG in 32%. Conclusion: The metabolic syndrome is highly prevalent amongIHD patients especially in men. The most common risk factors are hypertension and diabetes.

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Prevalence and associated risk factors for childhood strabismus in Lhasa, Tibet, China: a cross-sectional, school-based study

BMC Ophthalmology ◽

10.1186/s12886-020-01732-2 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Hailong He ◽

Jing Fu ◽

Zhaojun Meng ◽

Weiwei Chen ◽

Lei Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Risk Factor ◽

Primary Schools ◽

Clinical Trial Registry ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Link Type ◽

School Based ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Associated Risk Factors ◽

Grade One

Abstract Background To estimate the prevalence of strabismus and associated risk factors among grade one school children in Lhasa, Tibet, China. Methods The Lhasa Childhood Eye Study (LCES) was a cross-sectional, school-based childhood study conducted in Grade one students from primary schools in Lhasa, Tibet, China. Comprehensive ophthalmic examinations and basic systemic examinations were evaluated. A questionnaire survey containing information about children, as well as parents’ information, was sent to the corresponding parents of eligible children. The prevalence of strabismus and its 95% confidence interval was estimated. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted to determine the associated risk factors. Results A total of 1942 eligible grade one students were enrolled, of which 1856 participants completed all examinations. The average age was 6.83 ± 0.46 years, 53% of participants were boys and 1762 were the Tibetan Minority. Over all, the prevalence of strabismus was 68/1856 (3.7%) (95%CI: 2.81,4.52), with no difference between the ages, genders, ethnicities and body mass index, while tilting one’s head when writing may be a risk factor for strabismus (P = 0.004). Strabismus students had mean best corrected visual acuity of 0.16 ± 0.28(LogMAR), over 50% patients with esotropia were hyperopic, and participants who had stereopsis impairments showed a significant difference between esotropia and exotropia (P = 0.026). Conclusions The prevalence of strabismus in LCES was 3.7%, which is higher than previous reports from Chinese childhood epidemiology studies. Strabismus is a common contributing factor to amblyopia. Tilting one’s head when writing may be a risk factor. Esotropia is more likely to affect stereopsis and be associated with the refractive state of hyperopia. Trial registration The study has finished the clinical registration on Chinese Clinical Trial Registry. (http://www.chictr.org.cn, ChiCTR1900026693).

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CEREBRAL INFARCTION;

The Professional Medical Journal ◽

10.29309/tpmj/2017.24.10.772 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 24 (10) ◽

pp. 1484-1488

Author(s):

Muhammad Adnan Sarwar ◽

Huma Muzaffar ◽

Shakeel Ahmad

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Risk Factors ◽

Atrial Fibrillation ◽

Risk Factor ◽

Heart Disease ◽

Cerebral Infarction ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Common Risk Factor ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Medical College

Objectives: To determine the frequency of different risk factors among patientsof stroke due to cerebral infarction. Study Design: Descriptive cross sectional survey. Setting:Punjab Medical College and affiliated hospitals (Allied Hospital and DHQ), Faisalabad. Durationwith Dates: Six months from June 2006 to November 2006. Methods: This was a crosssectional survey that included 195 patients with stroke due to cerebral infarction. The mainoutcome variable was frequency of different risk factors which were described as frequencydistribution table. Results: Hypertension was seen among 142 (73%) patients, followed bydiabetes mellitus in 83 42.5% patients, ischemic heart disease in 74 (38%) patients, smokingin 59 (30.3%) patients, obesity in 53(27%) patients, atrial fibrillation in 43 (22%) patients anddyslipidemia in 23 (11.8%). Conclusion: Hypertension is the most common risk factor followedby diabetes mellitus associated with stroke due to cerebral infarction.

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Prevalence and associated risk factors for childhood strabismus in Lhasa, Tibet, China: a cross-sectional, school-based study

10.21203/rs.3.rs-27963/v2 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Hailong He ◽

Jing Fu ◽

Zhaojun Meng ◽

Weiwei Chen ◽

Lei Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Risk Factor ◽

Primary Schools ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

School Based ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Mean ◽

Associated Risk Factors ◽

Grade One ◽

Epidemiology Studies

Abstract Background: To estimate the prevalence of strabismus and associated risk factors among grade one school children in Lhasa, Tibet, China.Methods: The Lhasa Childhood Eye Study (LCES) was a cross-sectional, school-based childhood study conducted in Grade one students from primary schools in Lhasa, Tibet, China. Comprehensive ophthalmic examinations and basic systematic examinations were evaluated. A questionnaire survey contained information about children, as well as parents’ information was sent to the corresponding parents of eligible children. The prevalence of strabismus and its 95% confidence interval was estimated. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted to determine the associated risk factors.Results: A total of 1942 eligible grade one students were enrolled, of which 1856 participants completed all procedures. The average age was 6.83±0.46 years, 53% of participants were boys and 1762 were the Tibetan Minority. Over all, the prevalence of strabismus was 68/1856(3.7%) (95%CI: 2.81,4.52), with no difference between the ages, genders, ethnics and BMI, while tilt one's head when writing may be a risk factor for strabismus (P=0.004). Strabismus students had the mean best corrected visual acuity 0.16±0.28(LogMAR), over 50% patients with esotropia are hyperopia, participants who have stereopsis impairments showed a significant difference between esotropia and exotropia (P=0.026).Conclusions: The prevalence of strabismus in LCES was 3.7%, higher than previous reports from Chinese childhood epidemiology studies. Strabismus is a common contributing factor to amblyopia. Tilt one's head when writing may be a risk factor. Patients with esotropia are more likely to affect stereopsis and be the refractive state of hyperopia.

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