scholarly journals Granulomatous Mastitis: Unusual Presentation and Management, Experience at Birdem General Hospital

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 78-80
Author(s):  
Tamanna Narmeen ◽  
MM Masud Pervez
Keyword(s):  
General Hospital ◽  
Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Granulomatous Inflammation ◽  
Giant Cells ◽  
Abscess Formation ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Unusual Presentation ◽  
Pathological Examination ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Age Group

Tuberculosis of breast is an unusual presentation of extrapulmonary tuberculosis. It occurs mostly in women who are of reproductive age group, multiparous and lactating. Common presentation is tumor like but patients of our study group mostly presented with abscess and mastitis. This study was carried out at BIRDEM GENERAL HOSPITAL, ShegunBagicha, Dhaka. Retrospective data of 9 patients with breast tuberculosis was analyzed. Information about demographic details, clinical presentation, cytology, histopathology, comorbidity and management was taken into account. Out of 1202 patients who presented with breast problem during the study period only 9 (0.75%) suffered from tuberculosis of breast. Their age ranged from 20 to 55 years. All patients except 2 presented with abscess formation, 1 with lump and 1 with multiple sinuses. All patients were subjected to histopathology. Their pathological examination showed chronic granulomatous inflammation with caseous necrosis and langerhans giant cells suggestive of tuberculosis. All 9 patients were treated with Anti TB drug therapy after adequate surgical intervention when required. The rare entity tubercular mastitis is a disease of relatively younger age group. Though the usual presentation is tumor like, the patients of the study group mainly presented with abscess formation. Diabetes might be a contributing factor for the unusual presentation among the patients of my study group.Medicine Today 2018 Vol.30(2): 78-80

scholarly journals Effect of oral contraceptives on tear film in reproductive age group women

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 860
Author(s):  
Amita Sharma ◽  
Surabhi Porwal ◽  
Manoj Tyagi
Keyword(s):  
Oral Contraceptives ◽  
Tear Film ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Hormonal Contraceptives ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Tear Secretion ◽  
Schirmer’S Test ◽  
Reproductive Age Group

Background: According to WHO 2009, 60-70% women use one of the method of contraception. 8.8% to 15.4% women use oral contraceptives. Objective of present study was to investigate the effect of oral contraceptives on androgen profile and tear film parameters in females within child bearing age.Methods: Present study involve 100 healthy women between 20-45 years, who presented in family planning clinic. Two groups were made according to the use of oral contraceptive pills. Study group consist of 50 women who were on OCPs (Oral contraception pills) and 50 as control group were not taking any hormonal contraceptives. Serum testosterone and DHEA levels of all subjects was done by Enzyme Immuno Assay on blood samples which were collected during 3th to 7th day of menstrual cycle. Quantitative test for tear secretion was done by Schirmer’s test. Stability of tear film was measured by Tear Breakup time (TBUT). Statistical analysis was done to determine the correlation between use of OCPs and androgen profile and tear film parameters.Results: Present results shows decreased androgen levels in women taking oral contraceptives as compared with age matched women who were not taking oral contraceptives. Tear secretion was significantly reduced in study group as indicated by decreased Schirmer’s test values in study group as compared to control group, the tear film stability was also significantly decreased in women taking oral contraceptives.Conclusions: Present study suggest that androgen profile decrease in women taking oral contraceptives. These results support that use of oral contraceptives may be an important etiological factor in pathogenesis of dry eye disease reproductive age group women.

scholarly journals Knowledge and Awareness of Cervical Cancer and Screening Practices among Nurses at Lahore General Hospital, Pakistan

2020 ◽  
pp. 7-12
Author(s):  
Nazia Ayub ◽  
Mahliqa Maqsud ◽  
Huma Tahseen ◽  
Mehmona Sharif ◽  
Nahid Waris ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
General Hospital ◽  
Pap Smear ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Early Marriage ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Screening Practices ◽  
Abnormal Growth ◽  
Study Participants

Objective: To find out the knowledge, awareness and screening practices of cervical cancer among nurses at Lahore general Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional, interview based study was conducted on 250 nurses at Lahore general Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan. The duration of this study was one year from 2017 to 2018. All the cases underwent interview based information regarding cervical cases. The questionnaire was applied to assess the knowledge, awareness and screening practices about cervical cancer among nurses. Data was collected via self-made proforma. Results: Most of the study participants were less than 35 years. 72% nurses were married and 28% were married. Most of the study participants 96% known that cervical cancer is the abnormal growth of cervical cells and few were unaware regarding it. According to causes of cervical cancer, 70% to 75.6% participants agreed with the causes of early marriage and multiple sex partners, while others had ideas of smoking, infection and hereditary causes. 25.5% nurses answered that it can occur in any age group, 11.2% replied in reproductive age group, 42.8% were agreed with menopausal age group and 20.4% had no idea. 75.6% to 95.5% nurses were in the favor of scanning, pap smear test and cervical biopsy methods. 85 participants said it is a preventable disease via vaccination, early diagnosis and safe sex activities. Conclusion: It was concluded that nurses had satisfactory knowledge and screening practice cervical cancer at Lahore general Hospital.

scholarly journals The Elliptical Aggregates – Idiopathic Granulomatous Mastitis

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-31
Author(s):  
Anubha Bajaj
Keyword(s):  
Granulomatous Inflammation ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Inflammatory Disorder ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Granulomatous Mastitis ◽  
Idiopathic Granulomatous Mastitis ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Disorder ◽  
True Incidence ◽  
Breast Fed ◽  
Reproductive Age Group

Idiopathic granulomatous mastitis was initially scripted in 1972 by Kessler and Wolloch and is cogitated as an infrequent, benign, chronic inflammatory disorder. It commonly implicates females of reproductive age group, especially women who have breast fed in the preceding five to six years. Idiopathic granulomatous mastitis is commonly discerned in Asia and Mediterranean region although true incidence is undetermined. Diverse ethnicities delineate a diverse disease prevalence. Elimination of adjunctive causes of granulomatous inflammation makes idiopathic granulomatous mastitis a diagnosis of exclusion. As per the natural history, idiopathic granulomatous mastitis is designated as a self limiting disorder 1.

scholarly journals A rare association of tonsillar tuberculosis and lichen scrofulosorum

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anshika Harit ◽  
Anjan Kumar Sahoo ◽  
Ishwar Singh
Keyword(s):  
Sore Throat ◽  
Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Granulomatous Inflammation ◽  
Giant Cells ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Epithelioid Cell ◽  
Body Sensation ◽  
Biopsy Report ◽  
History Of ◽  
Systemic Examination

Abstract Background Both tonsillar tuberculosis and lichen scrofulosorum are sporadic presentations of extrapulmonary tuberculosis. Lichen scrofulosorum commonly presents in children and young adults as lichenoid eruptions over the skin. Granulomatous inflammation of the tonsils, however, presents as non-specific sore throat and foreign body sensation in the throat. The concomitant presentation of the abovementioned tubercular manifestations has not been reported in the literature. Case presentation Herein, we report a case of an 11-year-old male patient who presented with a history of recurrent sore throat and ulcerative lesion over the tonsil. Systemic examination revealed multiple perifollicular eruptions over the trunk and back. The diagnosis was confirmed on histopathological findings of epithelioid cell granulomas with Langerhans giant cells following biopsy from the tonsil and skin lesions. Antitubercular therapy was initiated soon after. The patient responded to treatment as early as 6 weeks and was completely asymptomatic at 1 year of follow-up. Conclusion A diagnosis of granulomatous tonsillitis should alert the physician to the possibility of underlying systemic tuberculosis. In our case, coexistence of lichen scrofulosorum helped us to substantiate the diagnosis based on the biopsy report. Response to antitubercular agents is excellent and should be started at the earliest.

scholarly journals Diagnostic and therapeutic laparoscopy in the management of endometriosis

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 4695
Author(s):  
Sujata Swain ◽  
Paresh Kumar Jena
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Therapeutic Laparoscopy ◽  
Common Complaint ◽  
Ovarian Endometrioma ◽  
Standard Tool ◽  
Laparoscopic Finding ◽  
Reproductive Age Group

Background: Endometriosis associated with a variety of symptoms, primarily produces dysmenorrhea and infertility. Three classes of techniques have been used to diagnose women with endometriosis beside the history and the clinical picture: biochemical markers, radiological imaging and laparoscopic examination of peritoneal cavity.Methods: All 52 patients were evaluated clinically, biochemically, and radiologically and laparascopically to find out the abnormalities.Results: Most common complaint in a patient with endometriosis is dysmenorrhea affecting 67.6% population in this study group. 20% patients presented with infertility. Diagnostic laparoscopy of the patients in the study group show ovarian endometrioma in 67.3% population. Stage II endometriosis was seen in maximum number of cases in the study group comprising 46.2% patients. Ovarian cystectomy was the most common therapeutic procedure done in 51.9% of patients, out of which 40.4% cases treated with unilateral cystectomy and rest by bilateral cystectomy.Conclusions: This study concludes that endometriosis predominantly affects the women of reproductive age group and causes dysmenorrhea and infertility in majority of the patients. A laparoscopic finding marks as a standard tool in diagnosis and treatment of endometriosis.

scholarly journals Primary breast tuberculosis: imaging findings of a rare disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali H. Baykan ◽  
Hakan S. Sayiner ◽  
Ibrahim Inan ◽  
Elcin Aydin ◽  
Sukru M. Erturk
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Rare Disease ◽  
Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Malignant Diseases ◽  
Imaging Findings ◽  
Granulomatous Mastitis ◽  
Rare Form ◽  
Breast Tuberculosis

AbstractBreast tuberculosis is a rare form of extrapulmonary tuberculosis which tends to affect females of reproductive age, and is much rarer in males, postmenopausal women, and pre-pubescent girls. It is difficult to diagnose because it can mimic benign conditions such as a fibroadenoma, as well as malignant diseases like a carcinoma. It is also particularly difficult to distinguish breast tuberculosis from granulomatous mastitis, so other possible diagnoses should be ruled out first. The diagnosis of breast tuberculosis has three essential pillars: clinical examination, radiological evaluations, and histopathological sampling. Radiological evaluations are not only critical in diagnosis but are also important in the planning of the treatment and during the follow-up. This paper aims to review the imaging findings and the differential diagnosis of breast tuberculosis.

Factors Affecting the Availability of Abortion Providers

2021 ◽  
pp. 056943452110105
Author(s):  
Marshall H. Medoff
Keyword(s):  
Parental Involvement ◽  
Labor Force Participation ◽  
Abortion Rate ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
State Data ◽  
Participation Of Women ◽  
Jel Classifications

This study, using state data, empirically examines the factors affecting the availability of abortion providers over the period 1992–2011. The empirical results found that the labor force participation of women and the percentage of women of reproductive age in the 18–24 age group were positively associated with the number of abortion providers in a state. The level of antiabortion activities and antiabortion attitudes were negatively associated with the number of abortion providers in a state. Also, a state’s abortion rate was positively associated with the number of abortion providers. The enforcement of a parental involvement law by a state significantly deters physicians or organizations from becoming or remaining abortion providers. JEL Classifications: I11, I18, K32, K38

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