scholarly journals Bacteriological profile and sensitivity pattern of neonatal sepsis

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 174-177
Author(s):  
Rowshan Jahan Akhter ◽  
Md Mahbubul Hoque ◽  
BH Nazma Yasmeen ◽  
MAK Azad Chowdhury
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Neonatal Sepsis ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Neonatal Morbidity ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Bacteriological Profile ◽  
Sensitivity Pattern ◽  
Haematological Profile ◽  
Resistance Patterns ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Patterns

Introduction : Neonatal sepsis remains an important cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality in NICU setup and a major challenge for the neonatologists. The prevalent organisms and their antibiotic resistance patterns evolve with time and with the usage of antimicrobials.Aims and Objectives : To analyze the bacteriological profile and antibiotic resistance patterns of proven neonatal sepsis cases in Dhaka Shishu Hospital.Materials and Methods : The study was Prospective observational study. All the clinically suspected cases of Neonatal Sepsis admitted to the Neonatal word from January 2015 to December 2015 were included in the study. Clinically suspected cases of neonatal sepsis further evaluated with blood cultures and antibiotic susceptibility testing using the Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method. Data was collected for the following variables: Demographic profile, haematological profile, blood culture result and antibiotic sensitivity patterns.Results : Total 96 cases clinically suspected neonatal sepsis were included in the study. Among them 29 cases (30.21%) was culture positive septicemia. Klebsiella pneumoniae was the most common isolate accounting for 31.03% cases followed by Escherichia coli 27.59%. In Klebsiella infection most common sensitivity were Imipenum and Ciprofloxacin which were 77.78 and 33.33% respectively. In E.coli common sensitive drugs were Imipenum and Amikacin. In serratia common sensitive drugs were Imipenum, Netlmicin and Ciprofloxacin.Conclusion : K. pneumoniae was the most common pathogen. Most common sensitivity was Imipenum, Amikacin, Ciprofloxacin, Gentamicin, Netlmicin, and Ceftazidime,.Northern International Medical College Journal Vol.8(1) July 2016: 174-177

scholarly journals Bacteriological Profile and Antibiotic Sensitivity Pattern of Neonatal Sepsis in Central Paediatric Referral Hospital in Nepal

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Susan Bhattarai ◽  
Ram Hari Chapagain ◽  
Deepak Mishra ◽  
Anil Kumar Shrestha ◽  
Sushan Man Shrestha
Keyword(s):  
Neonatal Sepsis ◽  
Treatment Guidelines ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Neonatal Morbidity ◽  
Referral Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Bacteriological Profile ◽  
Sensitivity Pattern

Introduction: Neonatal sepsis is the most common cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality. The causative organisms of neonatal sepsis are changing and so do their antibiotic sensitivity pattern. So it is important to regularly monitor the change in bacteriological profile and their antimicrobial sensitivity pattern to help update the treatment guidelines of neonates. This study aimed to study the microbiological patterns of neonatal sepsis and their antibiotic susceptibility pattern in a tertiary care centre in Kathmandu. Methods: A prospective study was carried out among cases of neonatal sepsis admitted in Neonatal Intermediate Care Unit (NIMCU) of a tertiary care referral hospital from August 2015 to August 2016. Prospective data were collected with pretested and standardised proforma and analysed using SPSS version 20. Results: Out of 311 neonates admitted over a period of one year with diagnosis of neonatal sepsis, male:female ratio was 2.1:1. Among them 234 (75.2%) cases were of LONS and 77 (24.8%) were of EONS. Blood culture was positive in 47 neonates (15.1%). The organisms isolated included staphylococcus aureus (34.0%), klebsiella (32%), CONS (24%), escherechia coli (6%) and enterobacter (4%). In LOS, gram positive organisms staphylococcus and CONS were the commonest ones (61.4%). In EOS, gram negative organism klebsiella (65%) was more common. Most of staph aureus were susceptible to penicillins, amikacin and cefotaxime. Klebsiella was found to be resistant to penicillins, amikacin and cefotaxime. Conclusion: There is possible increasing incidence of gram positive septicemia in LONS and increasing emergence of resistance of kleibsella to the common antibiotics ampicillin, amikacin and cefotaxime.

scholarly journals Antibiotic resistance patterns of pathogenic Gram negative bacteria isolated from UTI patients in Sirajganj district

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-20
Author(s):  
Fouzia Ferdows Khan Chowdhury ◽  
Sunjukta Ahsan ◽  
Md Shahidul Kabir
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Sensitivity Pattern ◽  
Resistance Patterns ◽  
Predominant Pathogen ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Patterns

Urinary tract infection (UTI) is a common cause of illness in people of all age groups. The increasing trend of antibiotic resistance is now a concern worldwide. The present study was conducted to determine the antibiotic resistance pattern of Gram negative pathogenic isolated from UTI cases in Sirajganj district. A total of 297 uropathogens were included in this study of which 66 (22.2%) were isolated from male patients and 231 (77.8%) from female patients. Escherichia coli (52.9%) was found to be the predominant pathogen followed by Klebsiella spp. (22.9%), Proteus spp. (4.7%), Psudomonas spp. (4.4%), Enterobacter spp. (2.4%), Citrobacter spp. (3%) and Morganella spp. (5.7%). Most of the uropathogens were resistant against Ampicillin (AMP). Meropenem was the most effective antibiotic with resistance between 0 and 15.1% of the tested isolates. However, the trend of antibiotic resistance can vary with the change in the environmental and socioeconomic conditions. Accurate diagnosis of UTI and determination of antibiotic sensitivity pattern is important for selection of appropriate drug for effective treatment. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/sjm.v3i1.22746 Stamford Journal of Microbiology, Vol.3(1) 2013: 17-20

scholarly journals Incidence, bacteriological profile and antibiotic sensitivity pattern of neonatal sepsis in a tertiary health facility in Abuja, North-central Nigeria.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olutunde Oluyinka ◽  
Kareem I. Airede ◽  
Kudi E. Olateju ◽  
Obaro K. Stephen ◽  
Nosakhare Izevbigie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Culture ◽  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Neonatal Sepsis ◽  
White Cell Count ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Special Care Unit ◽  
Bacteriological Profile ◽  
Sensitivity Pattern ◽  
Pseudomonas Luteola

Abstract Background: Neonatal sepsis is commonly caused by bacteria in the first 28 days of life. Due to diagnostic limitations in developing settings, prompt laboratory identification of causative organisms is usually a challenge. To prevent mortality, clear knowledge of bacteria and their antibiotic sensitivity patterns are important for prompt empirical treatment. Methods: This prospective study enrolled 339 newborns with signs and symptoms suggestive of neonatal sepsis out of 645 that were admitted into the special care unit of the University of Teaching Hospital during the study period. Socio-demographic and clinical profiles of the newborns were obtained using a questionnaire and blood culture was done from every enrolled newborn (339 newborns) using BACTEC 9050. The bacteriological profile and antibiotic sensitivity pattern of newborns with confirmed neonatal sepsis were documented. Results: A total of 339 newborn were admitted for probable sepsis out of a total admission of 645 newborns during the study period based on clinical features and initial laboratory work-up. Forty-six of the 645 newborns (46/645) had culture proven sepsis resulting in a neonatal sepsis incidence rate of 71.3 (95%CI 50.7-91.9) per 1000 admitted newborns. Seventeen of the 46 confirmed sepsis cases were among the 1322 newborns delivered within the study facility during the study period giving an in-hospital neonatal sepsis incidence rate of 12.9 (95% CI 6.7-19.0) per 1000 live births. Amongst the 46 babies with positive blood culture, 27/46 (58.7%) had normal white cell count while the remaining 19/46 (41.3%) had abnormal results. Fifty-two (52) counts of bacteria categorized into 11 bacteria species were isolated from the 46 positive blood cultures. Enterococcus spp and streptococcus species were the commonest gram-positive while Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas luteola were the commonest gram-negative bacteria isolates. Imipenem, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, Vancomycin, and ofloxacin had the widest coverage of bacteria isolated from newborn with sepsis. Conclusion: Neonatal sepsis is still prevalent in our environment and compared to previous documented isolates and sensitivity pattern, the bacteria causes, and their antibiotic sensitivity patterns appears to be changing.

scholarly journals Clinical and bacteriological profile of neonatal sepsis with emerging resistance patterns

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 2203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rohitashwa Rajana ◽  
Dhan Raj Bagri ◽  
J. N. Sharma ◽  
Vijay Agrawal
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Neonatal Sepsis ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Polymyxin B ◽  
Laboratory Evaluation ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Bacteriological Profile ◽  
Sensitivity Pattern

Background: The present study was designed to evaluate the clinical spectrum, bacteriological profile, antibiotic sensitivity pattern and mortality due to neonatal septicemia in neonates admitted in neonatal units attached to the SMS Medical College, Jaipur.Methods: In born and out born babies of postnatal age up to 28 days who were bacteriological proven cases of septicemia were subjected to history, clinical examination and laboratory evaluation and data were analyzed statistically.Results: Out of 150 cases 67.33% neonates were preterm and 77.33% were low birth weight neonates. Gram negative organisms were most common cause of septicemia (66.6%), Both the Gram negative and Gram positive organisms were sensitive to piperacillin-tazobactam, linezolid, fosfomycin, teicoplanin, polymyxin B, colistin, ofloxacin. Both the Gram negative and Gram positive organisms were resistant against cephalosporins, ampicillin, Amoxyclav, cotrimoxazole. Gram negative isolates were most sensitive to Polymyxin B (70%) and had the highest resistance to cefepime (36%). Gram-positive organisms were most sensitive to vancomycin (84%) and linezolid (82%). Highest resistance was noted from Amoxyclav (52%).Conclusions: Preterm (<37 week) and low birth weight (<2500gm) neonates are considered as major susceptible causes of neonatal sepsis. Proper hygiene and hand washing, early detection of sepsis and judicial use of antibiotics to prevent multidrug resistance is needful in our setup.

scholarly journals Bacterial Contamination of Iranian Paper Currency and Their Antibiotic Resistance Patterns

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 106-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farzaneh Firoozeh ◽  
Ehsan Dadgostar ◽  
Hussein Akbari ◽  
Mohammad Zibaei ◽  
Seyed Mohammad Sadjjad Sadjjadian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Bacterial Contamination ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococci ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Paper Currency ◽  
Microbiological Methods ◽  
Resistance Patterns ◽  
Resistance Rates ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Patterns

Background: Paper banknotes would be a vector for transmission of pathogenic microorganisms through handling. Objective: This study aimed to determine bacterial contamination of Iranian paper currencies in circulation and their antibiotic resistance patterns. Materials and Methods: In this study, 337 currency notes of different value were collected from markets, shops, restaurants, bus stations and banks in Kashan, Iran during April 2015 to March 2016. The currency notes transferred to microbiology laboratory and were tested for bacterial contamination using standard microbiological methods. Antibiotic resistance patterns of isolated bacteria were determined by disk diffusion method according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) standards. The results and data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Results: Of 337 currency notes, 262 (77.7%) were identified with bacterial contamination. Bacteria isolated from currency notes were as follows: Bacillus spp 113 (43.1%), coagulase-negative staphylococci 99 (37.7%), Escherichia coli 20 (7.6%), Enterococci species 14 (5.3%), Staphylococcus aureus 8 (3.1%), Klebsiella spp 4 (1.5%), Shigella species 2 (0.8%), and Pseudomonas species 2 (0.8%). The most and least contaminated currency notes were 50000 and 500 Rials, respectively. The highest resistance rates in gram-negative rods were against nalidixic acid, and ampicillin. However, the highest resistance rates in S. aureus, coagulase-negative staphylococci and Enterococci species were against ampicillin, erythromycin and tetracycline. Conclusion: Our study revealed that the bacterial contamination among Iranian paper currency in circulation especially those obtained from certain sources including shops and bus stations is high and in most cases these bacterial isolates are antibiotic-resistant strains.

scholarly journals Effect of stay in hospital and oral chemotherapy on the antibiotic sensitivity of bowel coliforms

1973 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 529-534 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth J. Shaw ◽  
Naomi Datta ◽  
Glynne Jones ◽  
Frances M. Marr ◽  
Wendy J. B. Froud
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Oral Chemotherapy ◽  
Faecal Coliform ◽  
Resistance Patterns ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Patterns ◽  
At Home

SUMMARYThe effects of oral chemotherapy and stay in hospital on the antibiotic resistance patterns of faecal coliform flora were studied. The coliform flora of 64% of 25 patients who were not receiving antibiotics was sensitive to all drugs tested. Hospitalization alone did not affect this proportion. The administration of tetra-cycline or ampicillin to patients, whether at home or in hospital, significantly increased the percentage of resistant bowel coliforms. Tetracycline showed a significantly greater effect than ampicillin. There was no significant increase in the percentage of patients with resistant flora after treatment with amoxycillin.

scholarly journals Resistance to Azithromycin and β-Lactam Antibiotics by Clinical Isolates of E. coli Isolated from Dhaka, Bangladesh

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 61-66
Author(s):  
Sunjukta Ahsan ◽  
Mayen Uddin ◽  
Juthika Mandal ◽  
Marufa Zerin Akhter
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Efflux Pump ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Resistance Patterns ◽  
Ready Availability ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Patterns

Antibiotic resistant E. coli are prevalent in Bangladesh. The indiscriminate use of antimicrobials and ready availability of over the counter drugs are responsible for this. This study was conducted to investigate the susceptibility of clinical Escherichia coli to the antibiotics Imipenem, Ceftriaxone, Ceftazidime and Azithromycin. Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method was used to determine sensitivity to antimicrobials. Agar based assay was employed for the detection of efflux pumps. PCR was used amplify antibiotic resistance genes.All isolates were resistant to Ceftriaxone whereas most were sensitive to Imipenem. The MICs of Ceftazidime and Azithromycin ranged between 128 μg/ml and 256 μg/ml. The prevalence of ²-lactamase producers was 57.89 % with 36.84 % of the isolates exhibiting ESBL activity. No specific correlation could be found between plasmid sizes and antibiotic resistance patterns. Efflux pump was found to be involved in Azithromycin resistance in 63.15% of the isolates. The gene for phosphotransferase, mph(A) was the most common among the macrolide modifying genes, being present in 73.68% (14/19) of the isolates followed by both erm(A) anderm(C) esterases each present in 10.53% (2/19) isolates. This study concluded that clinical isolates of E. coli in Bangladesh could be resistant to multiple classes of antibiotics through different mechanisms of resistance. Bangladesh J Microbiol, Volume 34 Number 2 December 2017, pp 61-66

Neonatal Sepsis in a Tertiary Care Hospital in South India: Bacteriological Profile and Antibiotic Sensitivity Pattern

2010 ◽  
Vol 78 (4) ◽  
pp. 413-417 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bambala Puthattayil Zakariya ◽  
Vishnu Bhat ◽  
Belgode Narasimha Harish ◽  
Thirunavukkarasu Arun Babu ◽  
Noyal Mariya Joseph
Keyword(s):  
Neonatal Sepsis ◽  
South India ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Bacteriological Profile ◽  
Sensitivity Pattern

scholarly journals Serotipos y resistencia antibiótica en Shigella spp aisladas de infecciones intestinales, Lima, 2012

2018 ◽  
pp. 35-42
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Shigella Flexneri ◽  
Shigella Sonnei ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Intestinal Infections ◽  
Shigella Spp ◽  
Resistance Patterns ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Patterns

Serotipos y resistencia antibiótica en Shigella spp aisladas de infecciones intestinales, Lima, 2012 Serotypes and antibiotic resistance in Shigella spp. isolated from intestinal infections, Lima, 2012 César E. Guerrero Barrantes1, Alfredo Guillén O.1, Roberto Rojas L1, Nora Bravo2 & Paola Muñoz1 1 Universidad Nacional Federico Villarreal, Facultad de Tecnología Médica, Lima 10 2 Universidad Nacional Federico Villarreal, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Lima 10 DOI: https://doi.org/10.33017/RevECIPeru2013.0005/ Resumen Se ha descrito que la distribución mundial de los serogrupos de Shigella no es igual en las distintas regiones. El objetivo es determinar los serotipos, la frecuencia de éstos y el patrón de resistencia a los antimicrobianos de los cultivos de Shigella  spp. aislados de infecciones intestinales.  Se evaluaron 75 cultivos   de  Shigella spp., identificados bioquímicamente y serológicamente, tanto su serogrupo como su serotipo, por aglutinación en lámina.  Los patrones de resistencia antibiótica se determinaron mediante el método de difusión de disco en agar. De los 75 cultivos de Shigella, 54 fueron Shigella flexneri (72%) y 21 Shigella sonnei (28%). De los 54 cultivos de Shigella flexneri, el 48,15% resultó ser del serotipo 2a, seguidos por los serotipos 1b y 6 con el 12,96% cada uno, luego el serotipo 3a con 11,11% y por último los serotipos 1a, 4b y 2b, con 5,56%, 5,56% y 3,70%, respectivamente. La resistencia antibiótica observada en los cultivos de Shigella, independientemente del serogrupo, fue muy frecuente para Sulfametoxazol Trimetoprim, ampicilina, cloranfenicol y tetraciclina; además, algunos cultivos fueron resistentes a Aztreonam, Furazolidona y Amoxicilina-Acido Clavulánico. Los serotipos de Shigella flexneri desde infecciones intestinales, en Lima, son 2a – 1b – 6 –3a – 1a – 4b – 2b; el más frecuente es el 2a, seguido por el 1b y 6 y el patrón de resistencia observado en Shigella spp, fue elevado para sulfametoxazol-Trimetoprim, Tetraciclina, Cloranfenicol y Ampicilina. Descriptores: Shigella, serotypes, resistance. Abstract The global distribution of serogroups in Shigella is not equal across regions. The objective is to determine  serotypes, the frequency and pattern of resistance to antimicrobial agents of cultures of Shigella spp. isolated from intestinal infections.  The  75 cultures of Shigella spp., identified biochemically and serologically, were evaluated for serogroup and serotype, by agglutination on slide.  Antibiotic resistance patterns were determined by disk agar diffusion method. Of the 75 strains of Shigella, 54 were Shigella flexneri (72%) and 21 Shigella sonnei (28%). Of the 54 strains of Shigella flexneri, 48,15% proved serotype 2a, while 12,96% corresponded  to the 1b and 6 serotypes  one each,  than the serotype 3a with 11,11%, and finally the serotypes 1a, 4b and 2b, with 5.56%, 5,56 and  3,70%, respectively.  Antibiotic resistance observed in cultures of Shigella, regardless of the serogroup, was very frequent for Sulfametoxazol Trimetoprim, ampicillin, chloramphenicol, and tetracycline; in addition, some strains were resistant for Aztreonam, furazolidone and amoxicillin-Clavulanic acid. The serotypes of Shigella flexneri from intestinal infections, in Lima, are 2a - 1b - 6- 3a - 1a - 4b -2b; the most frequent is the 2a, followed by 1b and 6 serotypes, and the resistance pattern observed in Shigella spp., was elevated to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, tetracycline, chloramphenicol and ampicillin. Keywords: Shigella, serotypes, resistance.

scholarly journals Evaluation of antibiotic resistance patterns and heavy metals tolerance of some bacteria isolated from contaminated soils and sediments from Warri, Delta State, Nigeria

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 287-291
Author(s):  
A.F. Eghomwanre ◽  
N.O. Obayagbona ◽  
O Osarenotor ◽  
B.J. Enagbonma
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
River Sediments ◽  
Spare Parts ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Soils And Sediments ◽  
Resistance Patterns ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Patterns

This work investigated the antibiotic resistance patterns and heavy metals such as Lead (Pb), Zinc (Zn), Cadmium (Cd) and iron (Fe) tolerance of selected bacteria isolated from contaminated soils and sediments around Warri area of Delta State. The heterotrophic bacterial counts for the sampled soils and sediments ranged from 1.7×105 cfu/g to 5.7×105cfu/g for Ubeji river sediments, 1.0×105 cfu/g to 9.0×105cfu/g for spare parts dumpsite and 1.2×104cfu/g to 9.0×104 cfu/g for Ifie depot sites respectively. The characterized bacterial isolates included; Klebsiella sp, Bacillus subtilis, Streptococcus sp., Escherichia coli, Klebsiella mobilis and Staphylococcus sp., Micrococcus sp. and Pseudomonas aeroginosa. Bacterial isolates showed multiple drug resistance and the most resistant isolates were S. aureus, E. coli and P. aeroginosa while K. mobilis exhibited the least resistance. The tolerance of the bacterial isolates exposed to varying concentrations of Pb2+, Cd2+, Fe2+, and Zn2+was ascertained using agar diffusion method. All the bacterial isolates exhibited varying degree of susceptibility at different concentrations of Pb and Cd while the organisms displayed abundant and moderate growth in the presence of Fe and Zn even at higher concentrations. The ability of these bacteria to resist antibiotics and heavy metal tolerance could present serious danger to the environment as the resistance genes may be transferred to surrounding wild type microbial cells.Keywords: Heavy metals, Antibiotics resistance, tolerance, Ubeji river sediments, Warri

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