Economic Efficiency Of Implementation Of Lighting control In Public Buildings

2021 ◽  
pp. 19-25
Author(s):  
Alexander B. Myshonkov ◽  
Artem V. Atishev
Keyword(s):  
Energy Savings ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Average Energy ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Qualitative Assessment ◽  
Motion Sensors ◽  
Capital Costs ◽  
Lighting Control ◽  
The University

The article is devoted to the description of experimental studies of the possibility of increasing the energy efficiency of the lighting installation (LI) through the use of motion sensors. Data on possible energy savings are needed to conduct economic calculations – to estimate the payback period of capital costs for the implementation of a lighting control system (LCS). A quantitative and qualitative assessment of the economic feasibility of creating or developing an LCS is based on calculating and analyzing the costs required for its implementation and comparing the costs with the results obtained during its implementation. The results of the functioning of the LCS can be expressed by such a value as the percentage of possible energy savings, expressed in terms of the ratio of electricity consumption after the introduction of the LCS to the consumption of electricity before its implementation. In this work, this coefficient was determined experimentally. The experiment was carried out in public building – in the laboratory and educational building of the university. A corridor of one of the floors was chosen as the object of the study. For the research, a data collection system based on a digital microcontroller was used; infrared motion sensors were usedas presence sensors. The results of the experiment showed that the presence of people in the corridor varies during the day, by days of the week, from month to month. Studies have shown that, on average, energy savings when using motion sensors in the on / off mode of lamps is at least 50 %. With an increase in the delay time for turning off the luminaires after the motion sensor is triggered, the energy saving decreases from 66.5 % to 48.5 %. When using the standby lighting mode during the absence of people, the savings are reduced from 66.5 % (with the lamps turned off due to lack of movement) to 21.9 %.

Energy savings opportunities at the University of Nigeria, Nsukka

2010 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 2-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Godwin Ogechi Unachukwu
Keyword(s):  
Energy Management ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Living Standards ◽  
University System ◽  
Infrastructural Development ◽  
Policy Awareness ◽  
Marginal Improvement ◽  
The University ◽  
Higher Institutions

This paper examines the potential for energy savings in Nigerian higher institutions with particular reference to the University of Nigeria, Nsukka. Electricity consumption and cost profiles for a period of 10 years indicate a steady rise attributable to marginal improvement in staff living standards, increasing students’ enrolment, infrastructural development, preponderant use of inefficient electrical appliances and increasing business activities within the community. Investigations show that about 51% of the total electricity consumption occurs in staff housing units, 16% in students’ hostels and the balance in academic and public buildings on the campus. An internal energy policy, awareness creation and establishment of an energy management unit in the University system are some of the measures that can guarantee good savings. This paper estimates electricity savings potentials of 10-20% in Nigerian higher institutions through well articulated and vigorously pursued energy efficiency programmes in the system.

scholarly journals Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Energy Use at the University of Almeria (Spain)

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 5843
Author(s):  
Mehdi Chihib ◽  
Esther Salmerón-Manzano ◽  
Mimoun Chourak ◽  
Alberto-Jesus Perea-Moreno ◽  
Francisco Manzano-Agugliaro
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Energy Sector ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
University Buildings ◽  
The University ◽  
The Impact

The COVID-19 pandemic has caused chaos in many sectors and industries. In the energy sector, the demand has fallen drastically during the first quarter of 2020. The University of Almeria campus also declined the energy consumption in 2020, and through this study, we aimed to measure the impact of closing the campus on the energy use of its different facilities. We built our analysis based upon the dataset collected during the year 2020 and previous years; the patterns evolution through time allowed us to better understand the energy performance of each facility during this exceptional year. We rearranged the university buildings into categories, and all the categories reduced their electricity consumption share in comparison with the previous year of 2019. Furthermore, the portfolio of categories presented a wide range of ratios that varied from 56% to 98%, the library category was found to be the most influenced, and the research category was found to be the least influenced. This opened questions like why some facilities were influenced more than others? What can we do to reduce the energy use even more when the facilities are closed? The university buildings presented diverse structures that revealed differences in energy performance, which explained why the impact of such an event (COVID-19 pandemic) is not necessarily relevant to have equivalent variations. Nevertheless, some management deficiencies were detected, and some energy savings measures were proposed to achieve a minimum waste of energy.

scholarly journals Energy efficiency of modernization of translucent building envelope structures

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 87-96
Author(s):  
Vitalii Burmaka ◽  
◽  
Mykola Tarasenko ◽  
Kateryna Kozak ◽  
Oleksandr Burmaka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Building Envelope ◽  
Heat Energy ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Thermal Parameters ◽  
Energy Losses ◽  
Heating Period ◽  
Cooling Period

The article focuses on determining the energy efficiency of the translucent structures of building envelope (TSBE) use with different lighting and thermal parameters. The expediency of replacing TSBE with more modern ones with higher thermal resistance and lower solar radiations relative penetration coefficient (SRRPC) is considered. The comparison was made taking into account the influence of TSBE parameters on electricity consumption in the office premises on the compensation of heat energy losses, as well as its savings due to the receipt of solar radiation during the heating period, the removal of excess heat during the cooling period and energy savings through the use of daylight during a year. It was found that despite the smaller glazing area and light-transmitting characteristics of configuration No. 3 (profile Veka Softline 82 with triple-glazed window 4Solar-16Ar-4-12Ar-4і), electricity savings when changing the configuration of TSBE No. 1 to No. 3 leads to energy savings of 31.7 kWh/yr with the TSBE area of 0.5 m2 to 419.5 kWh/yr at 6 m2, and when replacing configuration No2 by No3 – from 24.7 (STSBE = 0.5 m2) up to 397.2 (STSBE = 6 m2). This makes it possible to determine the energy and economic feasibility of TSBE modernization by installing metal-plastic structures with different lighting and thermal parameters.

Thathir Quality Scholarship Program For Students At University level

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 206-219
Author(s):  
Louay Qais Abdullah ◽  
Duraid Faris Khayoun
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Life Sciences ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
First Year ◽  
Grant Program ◽  
Scholarship Program ◽  
University Level ◽  
Faculty Of Education ◽  
The University ◽  
The Relationship

The study focused basically on measuring the relationship between the material cost of the students benefits program and the benefits which are earned by it, which was distributed on college students in the initial stages (matinee) and to show the extent of the benefits accruing from the grant program compared to the material burdens which matched and the extent of success or failure of the experience and its effect from o scientific and side on the Iraqi student through these tough economic circumstances experienced by the country in general, and also trying to find ways of proposed increase or expansion of distribution in the future in the event of proven economic feasibility from the program. An data has been taking from the data fro the Department of Financial Affairs and the Department of Studies and Planning at the University of Diyala with taking an data representing an actual and minimized pattern and questionnaires to a sample of students from the Department of Life Sciences in the Faculty of Education of the University of Diyala on the level of success and failure of students in the first year of the grant and the year before for the purpose of distribution comparison. The importance of the study to measure the extent of interest earned in comparision whit the material which is expenseon the program of grant (grant of students) to assist the competent authorities to continue or not in the program of student grants for the coming years.

A field study of fluorescent and LED classroom lighting

2016 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 631-650 ◽  
Author(s):  
N Gentile ◽  
T Goven ◽  
T Laike ◽  
K Sjoberg
Keyword(s):  
Secondary School ◽  
Field Study ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Visual Comfort ◽  
Lighting System ◽  
Upper Secondary ◽  
Lighting Systems ◽  
Indoor Lighting ◽  
Academic Year

Indoor lighting is facing a massive retrofit to LED lighting. Research is needed to assess whether LED-based lighting can promote energy efficiency, boost visual comfort and support biological functions. This field study considered the lighting of four identical classrooms in an upper secondary school in Helsingborg, Sweden. Two classrooms were fitted with state-of-the-art ceiling pendants containing T5 fluorescent tubes and that had a direct/indirect light distribution (the control rooms). The other two classrooms were fitted with an experimental LED indirect lighting system (the experimental rooms). In the classrooms, 72 students aged 17–18 years performed their usual educational activities over a whole academic year. The light environment, electricity consumption, and students’ mood, light perception and saliva cortisol concentration were monitored. The two lighting systems produced only marginal differences. Overall, the experimental rooms were slightly preferred but achieved only small energy savings due to high parasitic losses.

Measuring Attitudes Toward Pregnant Women who are Incarcerated in a University Sample

2021 ◽  
pp. 073401682110504
Author(s):  
Rachel A. Clark ◽  
Kathryn Lasich ◽  
Emily Sluiter ◽  
Taylor Burman ◽  
Simran Jagirdar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Gender Stereotypes ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Public Attitudes ◽  
Qualitative Assessment ◽  
University Of Michigan ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
Ann Arbor ◽  
The University ◽  
Public Views

Public attitudes toward people who are incarcerated have been studied; however, there is a paucity of information regarding how the public views pregnant women who are incarcerated. We conducted a quantitative and qualitative assessment investigating attitudes toward pregnant women who are incarcerated and prison conditions at the University of Michigan-Ann Arbor. Participants included 507 students, staff, and faculty who were asked to specifically consider pregnant women who are incarcerated while completing the survey. We found that women, younger people, non-religious or non-Christian individuals, and those with higher levels of formal education perceived pregnant women who are incarcerated more positively and favored less punitive prison conditions. In addition, closer proximity to people who are incarcerated was associated with more positive attitudes toward pregnant women who are incarcerated but was not related to views on prison conditions. Qualitatively, participants reported that considering pregnant women who are incarcerated led them to respond with the same or less negativity than if they had been asked to consider people who are incarcerated as a whole, citing factors such as gender stereotypes and concern for the child. These results can be used as a foundation to understand how students, faculty, and staff at a large Midwestern university perceive pregnant women who are incarcerated and to inform education and policy efforts.

Carbothermic Reduction Methods for Alumina

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Efthymios Balomenos ◽  
Dimitrios Gerogiorgis
Keyword(s):  
Carbothermic Reduction ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emission ◽  
Industrial Process ◽  
Primary Aluminum ◽  
Aluminum Carbide ◽  
Aluminum Production ◽  
Capital Costs ◽  
Reduction Methods ◽  
The 19Th Century

The Hall–Héroult process for the electrolytic reduction of alumina was developed at the end of the 19th century and is still currently the only industrial process for the production of primary aluminum. Today, this process is ranked among the most energy- and CO2intensive industrial processes. Direct carbothermic reduction of alumina has been proposed as an alternative process, which can substantially improve the sustainability of primary aluminum production, leading to energy savings of up to 21% and reduction in greenhouse gas emission of up to 52%, while plant capital costs can be reduced up to 50%. However, processes developed so far suffer from low aluminum yields, primarily due to aluminum carbide and oxycarbide formation and aluminum vaporization phenomena. This article presents a thermodynamic study of the Al–C–O system and a review on the alumina carbothermic processes developed so far.

scholarly journals Assistive Technology for Freshmen Design and K-12 Outreach

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Devin R. Berg ◽  
Matthew Wigdahl ◽  
Charis D. Collins
Keyword(s):  
General Education ◽  
Assistive Technology ◽  
Engineering Design ◽  
Project Based Learning ◽  
Qualitative Assessment ◽  
Societal Implications ◽  
Design Project ◽  
K 12 ◽  
The University ◽  
Design Experience

This Work in Progress paper presents on the design of project-based learning approach focused on assistive technology as applied in a freshmen level engineering course which also integrates outreach with the local K12 system. The university course targets general education topics as well as an introductory engineering design experience and includes content on the engineering design process, societal implications of engineering design, and a participatory lab-based design project. A partnering class of 5th graders from a local elementary school made use of a daily block of time set aside for academic interventions and individual project-based work to collaborate with the university class. A qualitative assessment was conducted and has thus far has revealed that the university students found the assistive technology theme of the semester-long design project to be meaningful. For the K12 students, the survey results and anecdotal observations suggest that we were only moderately successful in constructing a meaningful and purposeful design experience, from their perspective.

scholarly journals Overview of Energy Savings and Efficiency Strategies at the University of Jordan Hospital

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Heating System ◽  
Market Prices ◽  
Energy Auditing ◽  
Hospital Building ◽  
University Of Jordan ◽  
Solar Water Heating System ◽  
The University ◽  
Current Energy

The main objective of this study is to conduct an Energy Auditing of The University of Jordan Hospital. This hospital is quite known, as one of Jordan’s leading hospitals in human resources and equipment; however, the energy consumption of the hospital over the past few years has proven to be highly expensive. This makes the saving on costs of energy consumption a high priority that cannot be ignored. Energy audit covers the three main sections of the hospital: the Emergency Building, the Clinics Building and the Main Hospital Building. The consumption of energy, which costs the hospital a total of 2,778,426 JD/yr., can be categorized into three main parts, the lighting system, the diesel fuel consumption, and the consumption of water. After analyzing the energy invoices, and visiting the site for inspection, a list of recommended solutions that are applicable to cut down the total energy bill were derived. The implementation of renewable energy was suggested and studied of which a solar water heating system was proposed. A study on photovoltaic cells technology was performed for a sample of guest's rooms, the number of panels needed was found. After that, a feasibility study was conducted. The initial costs, annual savings and payback periods of the suggested system were estimated by the current market prices. It is found that the energy auditing and the solutions would be very beneficial as it will save a total annual value of 346,853 JDs (12.5% of the current energy bill).

scholarly journals The implementation of smartphones in the instructional process in the views of the female students at Hail University

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 30-36
Author(s):  
Laila Mohamed Sedky Genedy ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Learning Process ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Arithmetic Average ◽  
Instructional Process ◽  
The University ◽  
Descriptive Survey

This study aims to examine the implications of implementing smartphones in the educational process in the views of students at the University of Hail. The descriptive survey method was used in the research. To achieve the goal of the research, a questionnaire was prepared regarding the degree of use of smartphones in the learning process which is consisted of 20 paragraphs. The research sample was the female students at the University of Hail. It is found that the overall degree is medium as the arithmetic average is 3.34 with a standard deviation of 0.28. It was concluded that students are prodigiously interested in reviewing the university sites. Moreover, it was found that students are immensely skilled in using smartphones for the exchange of electronic messages and the exchange of information. However, they are less interested in submitting electronic assignments. Few students are watching educational presentations on smartphones because of their small size screens and high drainage from the batteries. Therefore, it is highly recommended to conduct experimental studies showing the importance of using the smartphone.

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