scholarly journals ANTIPLASMODIUM ACTIVITIES OF KELUWIH (Artocarpus camansi) METHANOL LEAF EXTRACTS IN THE MENCIT (Mus musculus) Balb / c INFECTED WITH Plasmodium berghei

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 166
Author(s):  
Dmitry Arditya Harsya Priangga ◽  
Dwi Soelistya Dyah Jekti ◽  
Yayuk Andayani
Keyword(s):  
Mus Musculus ◽  
Plasmodium Berghei ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Antimalarial Activity ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Parasite Growth ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Activity Test

Antiplasmodium activity test of methanol extract of leaves of kelwih (Artocarpus camansi) was carried out in vivo in mice (Mus musculus) Balb / c infected with Plasmodium berghei. The purpose of this study was to determine the effective dose of methanol extract of leaves of kelwih as antiplasmodium. Antiplasmodium activity test was carried out in vivo in Balb / c mice that had been infected with Plasmodium berghei. Parameters observed were parasite growth, and parasite inhibition. After the administration of methanol extract of leaves of kelwih and as many as 30 mice were grouped into 5 treatment groups which were given extract doses of 1, 25, 50, 75, and 100 mg / kg BB and one negative control group (without the administration of methanol extract of kelwih leaves). Observations were carried out for 7 days, starting from day 0 (before treatment), 4 days during treatment and 2 days after treatment. The data obtained were analyzed statistically ANOVA using the Kruskal-Wallis H test and continued with Mann-Whitney U test. The results showed that the lowest parasite growth (1.636%) was obtained from the group dose of 100 mg / kg BB, the largest parasite inhibition (72.832% ) also produced by a group dose of 100 mg / kg BB. An extract is said to have positive antimalarial activity if it can reduce parasitemia by 30% or more. A dose of 100 mg / kg body weight produces parasitic growth values, and parasite inhibition is significant to the control (p <0.05). So, from the explanation above, it can be concluded that giving a dose of 100 mg / kg BB of methanol extract of leaves of kelwih has potential activity as an antimalarial.

scholarly journals Sequestration of erythrocytes infected with Plasmodium berghei ANKA in BALB/c mice treated with goat bile

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 179
Author(s):  
Kartika Arum Wardani ◽  
Kholida Nur Aini ◽  
Heny Arwati ◽  
Willy Sandhika
Keyword(s):  
Plasmodium Berghei ◽  
Antimalarial Activity ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Plasmodium Berghei Anka ◽  
Concentration Dependent Manner ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Bile Concentration

Abstract Sequestration of Plasmodium berghei ANKA-infected erythrocytes occurs in BALB/c mice as characteristic of  Plasmodium falciparum infection in humans. Animals’ bile has been widely used for centuries in Traditional Chinese Medicine. Goat bile has been used in healing infectious and non-infectious diseases; however, no report on the use of goat bile against malaria infection and sequestration. The purpose of this study was to analyze the correlation between parasitemia and sequestration in the liver of P.berghei ANKA-infected BALB/c mice treated with goat bile. This research was an in vivo experimental study using the post-test control group design. The male BALB/c mice aged ± 6 weeks, body weight 20-25 g were used. The mice were divided into five groups where Group 1-3 were mice treated with goat bile 25%, 50%, and 100%, respectively. Group 4-5 were negative (sterile water) and positive controls (DHP). Parasitemia was observed daily from each mouse and the number of sequestered infected erythrocytes on the endothelium of sinusoids. The data were analyzed using t independent test. Antimalarial activity of goat bile was shown by the lower parasitemia in goat bile-treated mice compared with the negative control. The average number of sequestration was goat bile concentration-dependent manner. The higher the concentration, the lower the number of sequestration. Sequestration was correlated with parasitemia (p=0,0001). Sequestration of P.berghei ANKA-infected erythrocytes correlated with parasitemia, and was goat bile concentration-dependent manner. Keywords: Malaria, parasitemia, sequestration, goat bileCorrespondence: [email protected]

scholarly journals The Antimalarial Activity of the Water Extract of Simpur (Dillenia Indica L) Leaves against Plasmodium Berghei in Mice

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 28
Author(s):  
Hafrizal Riza ◽  
Andhi Fahrurroji ◽  
Supriyanto Supriyanto ◽  
Arif Wicaksono
Keyword(s):  
Plasmodium Berghei ◽  
Antimalarial Activity ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Test Solution ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Dillenia Indica

Malaria, caused by the climate of the subtropical area and the forest with many rivers and immovable water, is a contagious disease that still becomes a health problem in West Kalimantan. Simpur is a plant that is used by the locals to cure malaria. Therefore, this research aims to study the antimalarial activity in vivo and the 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) of the water extract of Simpur leaves (Dillenia indica L) against Plasmodium berghei. This research used Peter Test method that used 7 test groups based on the test solution namely positive control group that was given dihydroartemisinin+piperaquine (DHP), negative control that was given aquabidestilata and the test group that was given the water extract of  Simpur leaves with various doses of 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100 mg/Kg BB of mice, which each group was given the test solution for 3 days. The result shows that the water extract of Simpur leaves could lower the parasitemia count with IC50 19,22 mg/kg BB.

scholarly journals Antimalarial Activity of Meriandra dianthera Leaf Extracts in Plasmodium berghei-Infected Mice

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kalay Hagazy ◽  
Gereziher G. Sibhat ◽  
Aman Karim ◽  
Gebretsadkan H. Tekulu ◽  
Gomathi Periasamy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasmodium Berghei ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Antimalarial Activity ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Mice Model ◽  
Oral Toxicity ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Traditional Use ◽  
Crude Leaf Extract

Objective. To evaluate the antimalarial effect of aqueous methanolic extract and solvent fractions of Meriandra dianthera leaves against Plasmodium berghei in mice model. Method. M. dianthera leaves were extracted with 80% methanol and dried. The dried crude extract was then defatted and further fractionated with chloroform, ethyl acetate, and butanol. Acute oral toxicity test was performed as per the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development guideline 425. Peter’s 4-day suppressive test was used to determine the in vivo antimalarial activity of the extract and fractions. Result. The crude leaf extract of Meriandra dianthera showed parasite inhibition of 42.28% and 45.52% at doses of 400 and 600 mg/kg, respectively, as compared to the negative control. Moreover, the mice which received chloroform and aqueous fractions at the dose of 400 mg/kg/day showed significant (P<0.001) chemosuppression compared to the negative control. Both the extract and fractions were able to prevent P. berghei induced body weight loss and body temperature reduction and also increased the survival time of the mice as compared to the negative control. The aqueous methanolic leaf extract of M. dianthera showed no gross signs of toxicity or mortality in mice until a single oral dose of 2000 mg/kg. Conclusion. The extracts of M. dianthera leaves showed promising antimalarial activity, with no sign of toxicity and therefore may support its traditional use for the treatment of malaria.

scholarly journals In Vivo Antimalarial Activity of 80% Methanol and Aqueous Bark Extracts of Terminalia brownii Fresen. (Combretaceae) against Plasmodium berghei in Mice

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hana Biruk ◽  
Biruk Sentayehu ◽  
Yonatan Alebachew ◽  
Wondmagegn Tamiru ◽  
Abebe Ejigu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasmodium Berghei ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Antimalarial Activity ◽  
Scientific Progress ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Significant Inhibition ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Promising Source

Background. Despite a substantial scientific progress over the past two decades, malaria continues to be a worldwide burden. Evergrowing resistance towards the currently available antimalarial drugs is a challenge to combat malaria. Medicinal plants are a promising source of new drugs to tackle this problem. Thus, the present study aimed at evaluating the antiplasmodial activity of Terminalia brownii in Plasmodium berghei infected mice. Methods. A 4-day suppressive test was employed to evaluate the antimalarial effect of 80% methanol and aqueous bark extracts of T. brownii against P. berghei in Swiss albino mice. Results. The in vivo acute toxicity test indicated that both extracts of T. brownii did not cause mortality. The 4-day early infection test revealed that the 80% methanol and aqueous extracts exhibited a significant inhibition of parasitemia p<0.001 compared to negative control. The maximum level of chemosuppression (60.2%) was exhibited at 400 mg/kg dose of 80% methanol extract. Moreover, the 80% methanol extract showed a significant p<0.001 attenuation of anemia associated with infection in a dose-dependent manner. The aqueous extract, on the other hand, exhibited a percent inhibition of 51.1% at the highest dose (400 mg/kg/day). Conclusion. The present study indicated that hydromethanolic and aqueous bark extracts of T. brownii possess a promising antimalarial activity, with higher effect exhibited by the hydromethanolic extract.

scholarly journals Antimalarial activity of hydromethanolic extract and its solvent fractions of Vernonia amygdalina leaves in mice infected with Plasmodium berghei

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 205031211984976 ◽  
Author(s):  
Temesgen Bihonegn ◽  
Mirutse Giday ◽  
Getnet Yimer ◽  
Abebe Animut ◽  
Mekonnen Sisay
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Survival Time ◽  
Rectal Temperature ◽  
Crude Extract ◽  
Plasmodium Berghei ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Antimalarial Activity ◽  
Vernonia Amygdalina ◽  
Oral Toxicity

Background: Vernonia amygdalina Del. (Asteraceae) is reported to be traditionally used for the treatment of malaria. Based on folkloric repute of this plant in Ethiopian traditional medicine and crude extract-based ethnopharmacological studies conducted in few countries, this study was undertaken to evaluate the in vivo antimalarial activity of 80% methanol extract and its solvent fractions of the leaves of V. amygdalina in mice infected with Plasmodium berghei. Methods: A 4-day suppressive test was conducted on mice infected with P. berghei to find out antimalarial effect of chloroform, butanol and aqueous fractions obtained from the 80% methanol crude extract. In all the activity tests, mice were randomly assigned in five groups (three tests and two controls) of six animals in each and received respective treatments. Data were analyzed using one way analysis of variance followed by Tukey’s post hoc test for multiple comparisons. Results: Acute oral toxicity test showed that all solvent fractions of the leaves of V. amygdalina revealed neither mortality nor overt signs of toxicity up to 2000 mg/kg. This study indicated that the percentage parasitemia suppression of 80% methanol extract was 32.47% (±2.65), 35.40% (±3.14) and 37.67% (±2.50) at 200, 400 and 600 mg/kg, respectively. All doses of the 80% methanol extract of V. amygdalina prolonged survival time and prevented weight loss and packed cell volume reduction in infected mice. All doses of chloroform and butanol fractions significantly suppressed parasitemia (p < 0.05), increased survival time (p < 0.05) compared to negative control and exhibited a significant reduction in rectal temperature (p < 0.05). All solvent fractions significantly prevented weight loss (p < 0.05) at all tested doses. The 80% methanol extract and chloroform and butanol fractions significantly (p < 0.05) prevented further reduction in rectal temperature of P. berghei-infected mice at all doses. Conclusion: The results of this study indicated that 80% methanol extract and solvent fractions of the leaves of V. amygdalina demonstrated promising antimalarial activity. The study corroborated the folklore use of this plant for the treatment of malaria in ethnomedicine in Ethiopia.

scholarly journals Antimalarial Activity of Cordia africana (Lam.) (Boraginaceae) Leaf Extracts and Solvent Fractions in Plasmodium berghei-Infected Mice

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dawit Zewdu Wondafrash ◽  
Dayananda Bhoumik ◽  
Birhanetensay Masresha Altaye ◽  
Helen Bitew Tareke ◽  
Brhane Teklebrhan Assefa
Keyword(s):  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Plasmodium Berghei ◽  
Antimalarial Activity ◽  
Lethal Dose ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Chloroform Fraction ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Suppression Test ◽  
Cordia Africana

Background. Malaria remains a major worldwide public health problem leading to death of millions of people. Spread and emergence of antimalarial drug resistance are the major challenge in malaria control. Medicinal plants are the key source of new effective antimalarial agents. Cordia africana (Lam.) is widely used for traditional management of malaria by local people in different parts of Ethiopia. The present study aimed to evaluate in vivo antimalarial effects of leaf extracts and solvent fractions of Cordia africana on Plasmodium berghei-infected mice. Methods. The leaf extracts were prepared and tested for oral acute toxicity according to the OECD guideline. In vivo antimalarial effects of various doses of C. africana extracts and solvent fractions were determined using the four-day suppression test (both crude and fractions), as well as curative and chemoprophylactic tests (crude extracts). Results. The acute toxicity test of the plant extract revealed that the medium lethal dose is higher than 2000 mg/kg. The crude extract of the plant exhibited significant parasitemia suppression in the four-day suppression (51.19%), curative (57.14%), and prophylactic (46.48%) tests at 600 mg/kg. The n-butanol fraction exhibited the highest chemosuppression (55.62%) at 400 mg/kg, followed by the chloroform fraction (45.04%) at the same dose. Conclusion. Our findings indicated that both the crude leaf extracts and fractions of C. africana possess antimalarial effects, supporting the traditional claim of the plant.

scholarly journals Antimalarial Activity of Ethyl Acetate Extract and Fraction of Bidens pilosa against Plasmodium berghei (ANKA)

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noumedem Anangmo Christelle Nadia ◽  
Yamssi Cédric ◽  
Simeni Njonnou Sylvain Raoul ◽  
Ngongang Ouankou Christian ◽  
Mounvera Abdel Azizi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Crude Extract ◽  
Plasmodium Berghei ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Antimalarial Activity ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Bidens Pilosa

Background. Malaria is one of the most critical diseases causing about 219 million cases worldwide in developing countries. The spread and development of resistance against chemical antimalarial drugs is one of the major problems associated with malaria control. The present study was to investigate the antimalarial efficacy of ethyl acetate extract and one fraction of Bidens pilosa in vivo in order to support the usage of this plant by traditional healers to treat malaria. Methods. The extracts were prepared by maceration of B. pilosa leaf powder in ethyl acetate. The liquid filtrate of the extract and the best in vitro antiplasmodial fraction using HPLC were concentrated and evaporated using a rotavapor under vacuum to dryness. The antimalarial activity of B. pilosa plant products were evaluated in vivo against Plasmodium berghei infected mice according to the Peter and Rane test. The antimalarial efficacy of the a selected crude extract (ethyl acetate extract) was evaluated at 125, 250, and 500 mg/kg, while a selected fraction from ethyl acetate extract (fraction 12) was evaluated at 62.5 and 125 mg/kg. Blood from experimental animals was collected to assess hematological parameters. Results. The crude extract of ethyl acetate and fraction 12 demonstrated 100% in vivo parasite suppressive activity at doses of 500 mg/kg and 125 mg/kg, respectively, for the crude extract and fraction 12. The mice treated with 250 and 500 mg/kg had their parasitemia (intraerythrocytic phase of P. Berghei) drop considerably, disappearing by the 8th day in mice receiving 500 mg/kg. The ethyl acetate extract of B. pilosa, fraction 12 showed an even higher antiplasmodial activity. By the 5th day of the experiment, the treatment led to a modification of hematological parameters in mice. The chloroquine (5 mg/kg), fraction 12 (125 mg/kg), and the crude extract (500 mg/kg) groups all survived the 30 days of the experiment, while the negative control group registered 100% of the deaths. Conclusion. This study scientifically supports the use of Bidens pilosa leaves in the traditional treatment of malaria. However, the mode of action and in vivo toxicity of the plant still need to be assessed.

scholarly journals Antimalarial Activity of Hydroalcoholic Root Extract of Acanthus polystachyus Delile (Acanthaceae) Against Plasmodium berghei–Infected Mice

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 2515690X1988532 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dagninet Derebe ◽  
Muluken Wubetu
Keyword(s):  
Crude Extract ◽  
Plasmodium Berghei ◽  
Antimalarial Activity ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Root Extract ◽  
Root Extracts ◽  
Antimalarial Agents ◽  
Mean Survival Time

Failure of the efficacy of antimalarial drugs is recognized in different classes of medicines for treating malaria, which urges the need for new drugs. This study tried to check the in vivo antimalarial activity of the root extracts of Acanthus polystachyus Delile against Plasmodium berghei–infected mice. The study revealed that the methanolic crude extract of the root of Acanthus polystachyus Delile showed significant ( P < .01) parasitemia suppressive activities in both models compared with the negative control. Parasitemia suppressive activities were 25.26%, 33.46%, and 51.48% in a 4-day suppressive test and 23.31%, 31.20%, and 43.54% in prophylaxis test at 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg of the extract, respectively, as compared to the negative control. Besides, the extract increases mean survival time significantly in all tested doses in a 4-day suppressive test, but in the prophylaxis model, only mice treated with 200 and 400 mg/kg significantly lived longer. Based on this finding, the root of Acanthus polystachyus Delile has strong antimalarial activity, which may be a good candidate for new antimalarial agents.

scholarly journals Uji Aktivitas Ekstrak Biji Caesalpinia Sp terhadap Jumlah Eritrosit Mus musculus yang Diinfeksi Plasmodium berghei serta Implementasinya dalam Pembelajaran Kimia

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 196-199
Author(s):  
Nurleli Nurleli ◽  
Agus Sundaryono ◽  
Aceng Ruyani
Keyword(s):  
Thin Layer ◽  
Thin Layer Chromatography ◽  
Mus Musculus ◽  
Plasmodium Berghei ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Seed Extract ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Active Compounds ◽  
Chemistry Learning ◽  
Layer Chromatography

AbstraCT[Activity test of Caesalpinia sp seed extract on erythrocytes amount of Mus musculus infected by Plasmodium berghei and its implementation in chemistry learning]. The aims of this study were to (1) determine the activity of seed extract (Caesalpinia sp) on the number of Erythrocytes of M. Musculus of Swiss Webster Strain infected by P.berghei, (2) Find  the active compounds obtained from the isolation of Caesalpinia sp seed extract (3) Find the differences in student learning outcomes about the separation of secondary metabolites using thin layer chromatography (TLC) which is taught in chemistry learning by using LKS. In this study Caesalpinia sp seed extract was purified by thin layer chromatography and column coromatography, and was identified by IR and 1H-NMR spectroscopy. M. musculus infected with P. berghei was given Caesalpinia sp seed extract at a dose of 0.028 g/Kgbb, 0.056 g/Kgbb, and 0.084 g / Kgbb by gavage, while the positive control group was given Kloroquin diphosphate, negative control was given olive oil. Caesalpinia sp seed extract with a dose of 0.056 g/Kgbb inhibited the highest plasmodium, which was 42.89% and even exceeded the malaria drug commonly used chloroquin diphosphate 29.85%. Caesalpinia sp seed extract capable of reducing plasmodium in erythrocytes is also able to increase the number of uninfected erythrocytes. The active compounds obtained from the isolation of Caesalpinia sp seed extract are alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, and terpenoids. In the implementation of extracurricular group learning is taught by using worksheets. There are significant differences where the average posttest score is 88.67 and the average pretest is 32.1. Keywords: Caesalpinia Sp.; Erythrocyte; Plasmodium berghei; Mus muscullus; Student working sheet.

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