scholarly journals Ascophyllum nodosum seaweed extract effect on morphology and cellulolytic ability of the fungus Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. vasinfectum

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. e4079119913
Author(s):  
Thiago Anchieta de Melo ◽  
Ilka Márcia Ribeiro de Souza Serra ◽  
Ingrid Tayane Vieira da Silva do Nascimento
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Ascophyllum Nodosum ◽  
Progressive Increase ◽  
Fresh Mass ◽  
Seaweed Extract ◽  
Elongation Process ◽  
Different Doses

This work aimed to verify the effect in vitro, of Ascophyllum nodosum (AN) seaweed extract on the morphology and cellulolytic capacity of the fungus Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. vasinfectum (FOV). Thus, the fungus was placed in contact with different doses of the extract, being these: 0, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 4.0 and 8.0%. It was verified that the product, with increasing doses, progressively induced mycelial growth of the fungus, as measured by the diameter of the colonies and fresh mass of mycelium grown in PD (potato-dextrose) culture medium. This result was also corroborated by the progressive increase in the activity of the β-1,3-glucanase and chitinase enzymes required during the hypha elongation process. However, the AN extract progressively reduced FOV sporulation with increasing doses. Furthermore, the cellulolytic capacity of the phytopathogen was significantly reduced in the presence of the algae extract, which was measured by the activity of the enzymes endo-β-1,4-glucanase, exo-β-1,4-glucanase and β-glucosidase. Thus, these facts constitute important information for the management of fusariosis, since the inhibition of sporulation and decreasing degradation capacity of the cellulose by the pathogen, can translate into declined disease in compatible host-pathogen interactions.

scholarly journals In vitro antifungal potential of plant extracts against Fusarium oxysporum, Rhizoctonia solani and Macrophomina phaseolina.

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (9) ◽  
pp. 1676 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramaraju Cherkupally ◽  
Srinivasa Reddy Kota ◽  
Hindumathi Amballa ◽  
Bhumi Narasimha Reddy
Keyword(s):  
Rhizoctonia Solani ◽  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Aloe Vera ◽  
Datura Stramonium ◽  
Macrophomina Phaseolina ◽  
Calotropis Procera ◽  
Fungitoxic Effect

The antifungal activity of aqueous extracts of nine plants viz, Azadirachta indica, Parthenium hysterophorus, Momordica charantia, Allium sativum, Eucalyptus globules, Calotropis procera, Aloe vera, Beta vulgaris and Datura stramonium were assessed in vitro against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. melongenae, Rhizoctonia solani and Macrophomina phaseolina, the soil borne phytopathogens. The assessment of fungitoxic effect was carried out by using three different concentrations i.e., 5, 10 and 20% against the test fungi, in terms of percentage of mycelial growth inhibition. The extract of A. sativum completely inhibited the mycelial growth of M. phaseolina at all the concentrations. The extracts of D. stramonium and E. globulus inhibited the mycelial growth of R. solani of 72%, and 70.7% respectively at 20% concentration, that of A. sativum, E. globulus and D. stramonium exhibited inhibition percentage of 63.3%, 61.8% and 61.1% respectively at 20% concentration on Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. melongenae. The application of plant extracts for disease management could be less expensive, easily available, non-polluting and eco-friendly.

scholarly journals Indole-Containing Phytoalexin-Based Bioisosteres as Antifungals: In Vitro and In Silico Evaluation against Fusarium oxysporum

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 45
Author(s):  
Andrea Angarita-Rodríguez ◽  
Diego Quiroga ◽  
Ericsson Coy-Barrera
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Antifungal Agents ◽  
Molecular Mechanic ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Fusarium Spp ◽  
Molecular Interaction Fields ◽  
Poisson Boltzmann

There is a continuous search for more reliable and effective alternatives to control phytopathogens through different strategies. In this context, indole-containing phytoalexins are stimuli-induced compounds implicated in plant defense against plant pathogens. However, phytoalexins’ efficacy have been limited by fungal detoxifying mechanisms, thus, the research on bioisosteres-based analogs can be a friendly alternative regarding the control of Fusarium phytopathogens, but there are currently few studies on it. Thus, as part of our research on antifungal agents, a set of 21 synthetic indole-containing phytoalexin analogs were evaluated as inhibitors against the phyopathogen Fusarium oxysporum. Results indicated that analogs of the N,N-dialkylthiourea, N,S-dialkyldithiocarbamate and substituted-1,3-thiazolidin-5-one groups exhibited the best docking scores and interaction profiles within the active site of Fusarium spp. enzymes. Vina scores exhibited correlation with experimental mycelial growth inhibition using supervised statistics, and this antifungal dataset correlated with molecular interaction fields after CoMFA. Compound 24 (tert-butyl (((3-oxo-1,3-diphenylpropyl)thio)carbonothioyl)-l-tryptophanate), a very active analog against F. oxysporum, exhibited the best interaction with lanosterol 14α-demethylase according to molecular docking, molecular dynamics and molecular mechanic/poisson-boltzmann surface area (MM/PBSA) binding energy performance. After data analyses, information on mycelial growth inhibitors, structural requirements and putative enzyme targets may be used in further antifungal development based on phytoalexin analogs for controlling phytopathogens.

Phosphite-based Products in the In vitro Colletotrichum musae Control

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Maria Luísa Mendes Rodrigues ◽  
Edson Hiydu Mizobutsi ◽  
Paola Junayra Lima Prates ◽  
Paula Virgínia Leite Duarte ◽  
Regina Cássia Ferreira Ribeiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Petri Dish ◽  
State University ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Colletotrichum Musae ◽  
Study Laboratory ◽  
Vitro Effect

Aims: The aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro effect of different phosphite formulations and concentrations on the development of Colletotrichum musae. Sample: to evaluate the inhibition of germination, mycelial growth and sporulation of Colletotrichum musae. Study Design:  Treatments were conducted in a completely randomized design, with 4 replicates, each replicate consisting of 1 Petri dish. Place and Duration of Study:  Laboratory of Post-Harvest Pathology, State University of Montes Claros, between March and October 2017. Methodology: Three different phosphite formulations were used: FCu1 (4% Cu + 20% P2O5), FCu2 (4% Cu + 22% P2O5) at concentrations of 0.5;1.0; 1.5 and 2.0 mL L-1 and FK (42% P2O5 + 27.7% K2O) at concentrations of 0.5; 1.0; 1.5 and 2.0 mg.L-1. Products were incorporated into the respective culture media. Culture medium alone and culture medium + imazalil were used as controls. Petri dishes were housed in BOD chamber at 25°C under a 12 hours photoperiod. Results: Results were submitted to analysis of variance and regression, and means were compared by the Tukey test (P <0.05). Control was compared to the other treatments by the Dunnet's test (P <0.05). Among the tested phosphite formulations, copper and potassium phosphites were found to reduce the mycelial growth of Colletotrichum musae. FCu2 presents a fungicide-like effect from the concentration of 0.5 m.L-1 in the control of conidia production. As for the FCu1, a fungicide-like effect was observed in the control of germination from the concentration of 1.5 mL.L-1. Conclusion: A significant fungistatic effect was observed between the concentrations of the products in the mycelial growth, sporulation and germination obtaining control of up to 100% of the development of C. musae. Copper phosphites were as effective as fungicide in inhibiting fungal development.

scholarly journals PROSPECÇÃO E AVALIAÇÃO DO POTENCIAL BIOTECNOLÓGICO DE LINHAGENS COMERCIAIS DE SHIITAKE

2021 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 640-649
Author(s):  
Dalvan Pereira Abilio ◽  
Olívia Gomes Martins ◽  
Giovana Silva ◽  
Meire Andrade
Keyword(s):  
Wheat Bran ◽  
Radial Growth ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Lentinula Edodes ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Biotechnological Potential ◽  
E Mail ◽  
Eucalyptus Sawdust

PROSPECÇÃO E AVALIAÇÃO DO POTENCIAL BIOTECNOLÓGICO DE LINHAGENS COMERCIAIS DE SHIITAKE   DALVAN PEREIRA ABÍLIO1, OLÍVIA GOMES MARTINS2, GIOVANA CRISTINA PINTO ALVES DA SILVA3, MEIRE CRISTINA NOGUEIRA DE ANDRADE4   1 Graduando em Ciências Biológicas, Centro Universitário Sagrado Coração – Unisagrado, R. Irmã Arminda, 10-50 - Jardim Brasil, 17011-160 Bauru, SP, Brasil. E-mail: [email protected] 2 Doutoranda em Agronomia – Energia na Agricultura, Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Julio de Mesquita Filho" (UNESP), Av. Universitária, 3780 - Altos do Paraíso, 18610-034, Botucatu, SP, Brasil. E-mail: [email protected] 3 Mestre em Agronomia – Energia na Agricultura, Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Julio de Mesquita Filho" (UNESP), Av. Universitária, 3780 - Altos do Paraíso, 18610-034, Botucatu, SP, Brasil. E-mail: [email protected] 4 Docente da Faculdade Gran Tietê, Av. 15 de Novembro, 125 - Centro, 17340-000, Barra Bonita, SP, Brasil. E-mail: [email protected]   RESUMO: O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar e comparar o crescimento micelial in vitro de quatro linhagens comerciais de Lentinula edodes (LE-241, LE-242, LE-243 e LE-244) em meio de cultura à base de serragem de eucalipto, suplementado com bagaço de malte ou farelo de trigo. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial 2x4 (substratos x linhgens), totalizando oito tratamentos, cada um com cinco repetições. Os substratos foram preparados com 20% de suplementação, acrescidos de calcário (tamponante), umidificados e esterilizados. Os meios de cultura foram preparados a partir da infusão dos substratos, filtração, adição de ágar e esterilização. As placas foram inoculadas com as linhagens e o crescimento radial do micélio na superfície do meio de cultura foi mensurado com paquímetro. O menor desenvolvimento micelial ocorreu com a linhagem LE-241 e com a linhagem LE-243 no substrato suplementado com farelo de trigo. Os maiores desenvolvimentos foram obtidos com as linhagens LE-242 e LE-244 no substrado suplementado com bagaço de malte. O desenvolvimento de todas as linhagens foi maior no substrato suplementado com bagaço de malte. Sendo assim, a utilização do bagaço de malte para o crescimento micelial é uma alternativa viável à suplementação tradicional com farelo de trigo.   Palavras-chave: fungos, cogumelo, Lentinula edodes, micélio, bagaço de malte.   PROSPECTING AND EVALUATING THE BIOTECHNOLOGICAL POTENTIAL OF SHIITAKE COMMERCIAL STRAINS   ABSTRACT: This study aimed to evaluate and compare the in vitro mycelial growth of four commercial Lentinula edodes strains (LE-241, LE-242, LE-243 and LE-244) in a culture medium based on eucalyptus sawdust, supplemented with malt bagasse or wheat bran. The experimental design was completely randomized, in a 2x4 factorial scheme (substrates x strains), totaling eight treatments, each with five repetitions. The substrates were prepared with 20% supplementation, added with lime (buffer), humidified and sterilized. The culture media were prepared from the infusion of substrates, filtration, addition of agar and sterilization. The plates were inoculated with the strains and the radial growth of the mycelium on the surface of the culture medium was measured using a caliper. The smallest mycelial growth occurred with the LE-241 strain and with the LE-243 strain on the substrate supplemented with wheat bran. The greatest growths were obtained with the LE-242 and LE-244 strains in the substrate supplemented with malt bagasse. The development of all strains was greater in the substrate supplemented with malt bagasse. Therefore, the use of malt bagasse for mycelial growth is a viable alternative to traditional wheat bran supplementation.   Keywords: fungi, mushroom, Lentinula edodes, mycelium, malt bagasse.

scholarly journals POTENTIAL OF PLANT EXTRACTS AND FUNGICIDES FOR MANAGING FUSARIUM OXYSPORUM F. SPLYCOPERSICI

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gul B. Poussio ◽  
Manzoor A. Abro ◽  
Jamal U. D. Hajano ◽  
Muhammad I. Khaskheli ◽  
Khalid I. Rajput ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Fungal Growth ◽  
Tomato Crop ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Sindh Province ◽  
Causal Fungus

Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici (FOL) is a highly destructive fungal pathogen of tomato crop causing wilt disease which may reduce 10 to 90% yield. In Pakistan, tomato is widely grown in Sindh province, major territories are district Hyderabad, Tando Allahyar and Mirpurkhas. Thus, surveys of these territories were conducted to record intensity of the disease and confirm etiology. Furthermore, potential of different botanical pesticides and commercially available fungicides were tested to inhibit mycelial growth of the causal fungus. The experiment was laid down with complete randomized block design with three replications. The results showed that the disease was occurring in all locations with the range of 8-47 % incidence. F. oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici was predominantly isolated from the collected disease sample during survey and pathogenic nature of the fungus was tested on the tomato Golo variety through soil drenching method. The disease incidence of 30 and 42 % (72 % as total) was recorded in inoculated tomato plants at 20 and 40 DAI, respectively. Maximum (67 %) inhibition of the fungal growth was found by neem seed extracts at higher dose of 8 % concentration followed by 63 % with neem seeds and Eucalyptus at 6 and 8 %, respectively. Alternatively, the Nativo 75 WG fungicide was found most effective in reducing the redial mycelial growth of target fungus followed by Topsin-M at 1000 ppm where as Aliette and Melodedue fungicides were found least effective under in-vitro conditions.

scholarly journals Evaluation of antifungal activity of seaweed extract (Turbinaria conoides) against Fusarium oxysporum

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ameer Junaithal Begum M. ◽  
P. Selvaraju ◽  
A. Vijayakumar
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Seaweed Extract ◽  
Antimicrobial Compounds ◽  
Turbinaria Conoides ◽  
Poisoned Food Technique ◽  
Anti Fungal

The purpose of the study was to determine the anti fungal activity of seaweed (Turbinaria conoides) extract against root rot pathogen Fusarium oxysporum. Seaweed extract was prepared from the species T. conoides collected from Rameswaram coastal area of Tamil Nadu during December was used for this study. Different concentrations of the extract viz., 5 %, 10 %, 15 % and 20 % was evaluated for their antifungal activity against F. oxysporum using poisoned food technique along with control and carbendazim (0.2 %) as check. No mycelial growth (0 cm) was observed in 15 % and 20 % sea weed extract weed extract treated plates even after 6 days ofincubation. Though the visible inhibition of mycelial growth was noticed in all the concentrations, the increased concentration of 15 and 20 % had shown 100 % inhibition. So, the lower concentration of 15 % can be best in controlling the F. oxysporum fungi. GC-MS analysis of seaweed extract showing the presence of several antimicrobial compounds in seaweeds may be the reason for such inhibition.

scholarly journals Eco Friendly Management of Fusarium Wilt of Chickpea with Botanicals and Bio Agents in In-vitro

2020 ◽  
pp. 192-196
Author(s):  
K. L. Nandeesha ◽  
Shalini N. Huilgol ◽  
Geeta D. Goudar
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Infected Plant ◽  
Cassia Tora ◽  
Cicer Arietinum L ◽  
Cent Concentration ◽  
Chickpea Wilt ◽  
Environment Condition

Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is one of the most important pulse crop grown all over India. Chickpea wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceri is one of the major disease on chickpea in Northern Karnataka, which is soil and seed borne. Heavy inoculum in the soil and favorable environment condition results in the death of infected plant and therefore total yield loss.In this study, three antagonists, and seven botanicals were studied against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceri causing chickpea wilt. In vitro studies found that among the botanicals, turmeric rhizome extract gave maximum per cent inhibition of mycelial growth (26.73%) and least per cent inhibition of mycelial growth (9.96%) was observed in cassia tora at 15 per cent concentration. Among the antagonists, Trichoderma harzianum was effective in per cent inhibition of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceri with (76.47%) and Pseudomonas fluorescens found least effective in per cent mycelial inhibition with (34.41%).

scholarly journals In vitro suppression of Sclerotinia minor by a seaweed extract from Durvillaea potatorum and Ascophyllum nodosum

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott W. Mattner ◽  
Oscar N. Villalta ◽  
Denise Wite ◽  
Ian J. Porter ◽  
Tony Arioli
Keyword(s):  
Ascophyllum Nodosum ◽  
Seaweed Extract ◽  
Sclerotinia Minor

scholarly journals Fungicide Seed Treatment Effects on Seedling Damping-off of Pumpkin Caused by Phytophthora capsici

Plant Disease ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 87 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Babadoost ◽  
S. Z. Islam
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Untreated Control ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Phytophthora Capsici ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Seedling Vigor ◽  
Damping Off

Apron XL LS (mefenoxam) and Allegiance FL (metalaxyl) were highly inhibitory to growth of mycelium of Phytophthora capsici in vitro. Effective dose (ED50) of mefenoxam and metalaxyl for 50% inhibition of mycelial growth, for all five isolates of P. capsici tested, was 0.98 and 0.99 μg a.i./ml of culture medium, respectively. For mefenoxam at 200 μg a.i./ml, sporangium and zoospore germination were reduced by 92 and 96%, respectively, and 21 and 24%, respectively, for metalaxyl. In greenhouse studies, seed treatment with mefenoxam (0.42 ml of Apron XL LS/kg of seed) and metalaxyl (0.98 ml of Allegiance FL/kg of seed) significantly reduced pre- and post-emergence damping-off of seedlings caused by P. capsici in three pumpkin cultivars (Dickinson, Hybrid-401, and Hybrid-698) tested. Thirty-one days after seeding, at inoculum levels of 0, 90, 600, 1,400, and 4,000 CFU/g of soil, the average seedling stands for mefenoxam treatment were 98.4, 93.8, 88.3, 77.8, and 64.8%; for metalaxyl, 99.1, 85.3, 85.8, 73.5, and 59.3; and for the untreated control, 97.5, 55.2, 45.7, 37.0, and 22.9%, respectively. In field trials, the average seedling stands 35 days after seeding were 76.7, 74.7, and 44.9% for mefenoxam, metalaxyl, and untreated control, respectively. Seed treatment with mefenoxam or metalaxyl did not have any significant effect on either seed germination or seedling vigor.

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