scholarly journals LANDSLIDE HAZARD ASSESSMENT APPROACH ON THE PROVINCIAL ROAD IN EAST JAVA

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 111
Author(s):  
Emil Wahyudianto
Keyword(s):  
Daily Rainfall ◽  
Landslide Hazard ◽  
Hazard Mapping ◽  
Road Infrastructure ◽  
The Road ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Assessment Approach ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Inventory Survey ◽  
Landslide Hazard Map

Landslide hazard mapping on the road infrastructure has 2 (two) main sources. The first is through a landslide inventory survey, and the second is through recording data on past landslide events. Each of the methods above has advantages and disadvantages. The most appropriate moment in making a landslide hazard map is when a certain disaster strikes an area with a certain measured impact. The Unpredictable variables that have been hidden and difficult to predict will be eliminated. Disaster events in disaster-prone mapping become a key variable as well as a validator. The characteristic of the landslide on road is also very specific, depends on the nature of the vehicle's spatial movement, and the scope of the affected area which is narrow but extends along the slopes coincide with the road. The most appropriate disaster mapping in measuring the level of hazard, vulnerability, and risk on the road is based on landslide record data. That is because the variables used to predict landslide events are extremely varied and too many are unknown. Assessing a map using a landslide disaster occurrence on the road is easier than making a map through the calculation method of certain variables that are overlapped. Based on the calculation of frequency analysis for 12 years, the daily rainfall value of 126.2 mm per day is the threshold of rain which has a probability of a landslide of 95% on the road infrastructure in East Java Province.

scholarly journals LANDSLIDE HAZARD MAPPING ALONG RANTEPAO – PALOPO ROAD SECTION, SOUTH SULAWESI PROVINCE

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 93
Author(s):  
Dian Pratiwi Anggeraini
Keyword(s):  
Human Activity ◽  
Spatial Data ◽  
Water System ◽  
Landslide Hazard ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Hazard Mapping ◽  
Hazard Map ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Section ◽  
Landslide Hazard Map

Rantepao – Palopo Road Section is 61 km long, which provides a connection between Palopo City and North Toraja District. Geographically, the road is winding, located in a hilly area with steep canyon. This condition makes the road vulnerable to soil movement or landslide. On 8 November 2009, a landslide, which caused a huge material and immaterial loss, took place. The scale of the disaster was so large that it was classified as a national disaster. In the landslide disaster management, the mitigation and preparedness effort will be more focused if complemented with spatial data in the form of landslide hazard map in Rantepao – Palopo road section. This research uses Public Works Minister Regulation No.22/PRT/M/2007 concerning landslide hazard area spatial planning as the reference which is modified and assisted with the application of Geographical Information System (GIS). Based on the hydro-morphology condition, the research location can be classified into three, namely typology A (> 1000 mdpl), typology B (500 – 1000 mdpl), and typology C (<500 mdpl). Each typology consists of natural physical aspects with slope indicator, soil type, geology, rainfall, distance from the river/slope water system, distance from seismic fault and vegetation. Human activity aspects comprise planting pattern indicator, slope cutting, pond, population density, and mitigation effort. Based on the regulation, several indicators are difficult to apply in the road section study. Therefore, in this research, some modifications are made to several indicators. In the slope cutting indicator, to obtain slope cutting map, overlay process on topography map, slope variation map, and road section map was performed. The distance from the river/slope water system was obtained by calculating the distance from the river to the road, the closer the river to the road, the bigger the vulnerability. Meanwhile, the distance from the fault was evaluated based on the existence of seismic faults in the research location. Landslide hazard map was obtained by applying overlay process to natural physical aspects map and human activity map. To obtain a hazard map for Rantepao – Palopo road section, a modification by applying overlay to road section map and landslide hazard map was performed. Hazard map on Ranteo-Palopo is divided into three types, i.e. low risk, medium risk, and high risk.

scholarly journals CLASSICAL PHOTOGRAMMETRY AND UAV – SELECTED ASCPECTS

2016 ◽  
Vol XLI-B1 ◽  
pp. 947-952 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Mikrut
Keyword(s):  
Aerial Images ◽  
Relevant Research ◽  
The Road ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Subpixel Accuracy ◽  
Low Costs ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Uav Images ◽  
The One ◽  
Research Centres

The UAV technology seems to be highly future-oriented due to its low costs as compared to traditional aerial images taken from classical photogrammetry aircrafts. The AGH University of Science and Technology in Cracow - Department of Geoinformation, Photogrammetry and Environmental Remote Sensing focuses mainly on geometry and radiometry of recorded images. Various scientific research centres all over the world have been conducting the relevant research for years. The paper presents selected aspects of processing digital images made with the UAV technology. It provides on a practical example a comparison between a digital image taken from an airborne (classical) height, and the one made from an UAV level. In his research the author of the paper is trying to find an answer to the question: to what extent does the UAV technology diverge today from classical photogrammetry, and what are the advantages and disadvantages of both methods? The flight plan was made over the Tokarnia Village Museum (more than 0.5 km<sup>2</sup>) for two separate flights: the first was made by an UAV - System FT-03A built by FlyTech Solution Ltd. The second was made with the use of a classical photogrammetric Cesna aircraft furnished with an airborne photogrammetric camera (Ultra Cam Eagle). Both sets of photographs were taken with pixel size of about 3 cm, in order to have reliable data allowing for both systems to be compared. The project has made aerotriangulation independently for the two flights. The DTM was generated automatically, and the last step was the generation of an orthophoto. The geometry of images was checked under the process of aerotriangulation. To compare the accuracy of these two flights, control and check points were used. RMSE were calculated. The radiometry was checked by a visual method and using the author's own algorithm for feature extraction (to define edges with subpixel accuracy). After initial pre-processing of data, the images were put together, and shown side by side. Buildings and strips on the road were selected from whole data for the comparison of edges and details. The details on UAV images were not worse than those on classical photogrammetric ones. One might suppose that geometrically they also were correct. The results of aerotriangulation prove these facts, too. Final results from aerotriangulation were on the level of RMS = 1 pixel (about 3 cm). In general it can be said that photographs from UAVs are not worse than classic ones. In the author's opinion, geometric and radiometric qualities are at a similar level for this kind of area (a small village). This is a very significant result as regards mapping. It means that UAV data can be used in mapping production.

scholarly journals Probabilistic analysis of a virtual road traffic model

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (12) ◽  
pp. 776-779
Author(s):  
Zbigniew Łukasik ◽  
Małgorzata Górska
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Computer Model ◽  
Probabilistic Analysis ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Simulation Method ◽  
Traffic Model ◽  
Road Infrastructure ◽  
The Road ◽  
Analogical Problem ◽  
On The Road

Based on the road infrastructure model developed in the publication [4], having data obtained from sources - observation points - in [6], and transferred thanks to telecommunications techniques analyzed in [8], it was possible to reflect traffic components and its monitoring on the examined virtual reality area. Using the simulation method, the problem of road traffic was transformed into the analogical problem of monitoring the trajectory in an computer model. This article considers the system's analytical layer.

scholarly journals Overview of approaches to driver fatigue recognition and existing technical solutions

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 48-58
Author(s):  
Ya.D. Saprykin ◽  
◽  
V.I. Ryazantsev ◽  
A.A. Smirnov ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Physiological State ◽  
Steering Wheel ◽  
Driver Fatigue ◽  
The Road ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Falling Asleep ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Technical Solutions

The article analyzes the existing methods for determining the driver's condition. Driving in a state of fatigue, according to various statistics, is the cause of a large number of road traffic accidents (RTA). The percentage of accidents in Russia associated with the driver falling asleep while driving in 2018 is about 20%, in the USA the number of accidents for the same reason reaches 100,000 per year. The aim of the work is to review existing approaches to recognizing driver fatigue and existing technical solutions in this area. The article discusses such approaches as fatigue recognition based on the physiological state of the driver, recognition based on the driver's behavior, namely his speech and visual signs while driving, fatigue determination based on the nature of the vehicle's movement on the road and based on the driver's actions on the controls, the approaches based on the subjective assessment of the driver's condition. The advantages and disadvantages of each of the approaches were analyzed. The paper also provides an overview of existing fatigue recognition systems from various manufacturers that are currently used on vehicles and are designed to warn the driver of impending fatigue. It was revealed that in modern conditions of road transport operation, the most optimal approaches to fatigue recognition are based on an assessment of the driver's impact on the steering wheel, visual signs of driver fatigue and the nature of the vehicle's movement on the road, therefore, it is proposed to further focus on these methods.

scholarly journals Assessment of Colorimetric Parameters for HPS Lamp with Electromagnetic Control Gear and Electronic Ballast

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 2909
Author(s):  
Roman Sikora ◽  
Przemysław Markiewicz
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
Technical Condition ◽  
Road Accident ◽  
Electronic Ballast ◽  
The Road ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Road Lighting ◽  
Road Users ◽  
Electromagnetic Control ◽  
On The Road

Road lighting is an important element of road infrastructure influencing on the road safety. It helps road users to identify potential hazards on the road and reduces the risk of a road accident. Improving the energy efficacy of road lighting installations requires using new technologies. Currently, high-pressure sodium (HPS) lamps are still most commonly used in road lighting. Many of the luminaires with HPS lamps are still in good technical condition and there is no economic justification for replacing them (except improving energy efficacy). One of the methods of improving their energy efficacy is to replace the electromagnetic control gear (ECG) with an electronic ballast (EB). This replacement may affect the colorimetric parameters of the HPS lamps. Two methods to the estimation change of colorimetric parameters after the replacement of ECG to EB were used. The first is CIE TN 001:2014 and the second is ANSI/IES TM-30-15. The article also presents the advantages and disadvantages of these methods in relation to the evaluation of changes in colorimetric parameters of HPS lamps after the replacement of the ECG with an EB. After the replacement of ECG to EB, the smallest reduction of Ra (colour rendering index) occurred for the 150 W lamp by 31.30% and the highest reduction for the 70 W lamp by 65.52%. Considering the changes of the fidelity indicator Rf and gamut indicator Rg, their changes are significantly smaller than for Ra. The smallest change of Rf value was observed for a 150 W lamp (6.00%) and the largest for a 70 W lamp by 25.00%. In case of Rg, similar changes were observed—for 150 W lamp by 9.26% and for 70 W lamp by 21.88%. The ANSI/IES TM-30-15 method is more suitable for evaluating colorimetric parameters after replacing ECG with EB. Using only Ra to evaluate changes of HPS lamps colorimetric parameters after replacing the ballast type can lead to incorrect conclusions concerning changes of colorimetric parameters. Based on the ANSI/IES TM-30-15 method, it has been proposed to introduce the Δf,g indicator which determines the change of colorimetric parameters based on fidelity and gamut colour indicator.

OBJECT RECOGNITION SYSTEM ON THE ROAD

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 224-227
Author(s):  
Жданова ◽  
O. Zhdanova ◽  
Макарова ◽  
I. Makarova
Keyword(s):  
Object Recognition ◽  
General Scheme ◽  
Recognition System ◽  
The Road ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Recognition Systems ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Objects Detection ◽  
Detection And Recognition

This article outlines the existing safety problems on the road, describes the existing recognition systems of well-known automobile manufacturers, and considers advantages and disadvantages of existing solutions. The general scheme of solving the problem of objects detection and recognition was showed.

scholarly journals Implementation of modern tools for the improvement of the road infrastructure on the Trans-European road network – road safety inspection (RSI)

2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 49-53
Author(s):  
Miladin Nešić ◽  
Dušan Mladenović ◽  
Mirjana Ilić ◽  
Ivana Andrijanić ◽  
Mirko Koković ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Road Safety ◽  
Road Network ◽  
Black Spot ◽  
Pilot Project ◽  
Road Accident ◽  
Road Infrastructure ◽  
The Road ◽  
The Law ◽  
On The Road

The European Directive on the Road Infrastructure Safety Improvement (2008/96/EC) has established the implementation of appropriate procedures as the basic tools for improving the road infrastructure on the trans-European road network. The Law on Roads (2018) prescribes the implementation of the following procedures: Road safety impact assessment; Road safety audit; Road safety inspection; Risk mapping; Black spot identification; and In depth road accident studies. The Law on Roads also prescribes that the Minister will prescribe the manner of implementation and the contents of the Evaluation, Audit and Independent Assessment reports, as well as the manner of determining the major risk portions and the identification and ranking of hazardous sites (black spots). Since the method of implementation and the content of the report are not yet prescribed, the authors contributed in this paper to defining the manner of implementation and content of the traffic safety report on the example of the section of the highway, as the highest category of state road. In the framework of the training of auditors and auditors, among others, a pilot project was carried out for the safety of traffic on the part of the E-75 (A1) highway, about 2,7 km ahead of the Mali Požarevac loop, including the loop. The verified part of the highway also includes a ramp with a toll ramp, service facility, overpass, bridge, etc., so the selected checked part is representative for defining a recommendation for the mode of implementation and the model for the preparation of the report.

scholarly journals Optimization of truck allocation in open pit mines using differential evolution algorithm

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 338-350
Author(s):  
Willian B. De Melo
Keyword(s):  
Differential Evolution ◽  
Differential Evolution Algorithm ◽  
Production Capacity ◽  
Open Pit ◽  
Open Pit Mines ◽  
The Road ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Mutation Operators ◽  
Ore Grades ◽  
On The Road

The allocation of trucks in open pit mines is a field with great potential for optimizing resources and applying advanced computer modeling techniques, mainly because many companies still choose to use manual allocation, which is premised on the decisions made by the operator, being subject to common failures and not reaching the maximum potential that the equipment can provide. Therefore, this work focuses on optimizing the allocation of trucks in order to increase production, reducing queue time and keeping ore grades within proper limits. The proposed algorithm was based on the differential evolution technique, where two types of mutation operators were used: rand/1/bin and best/1/bin, thus verifying the most suitable to solve the problem. The trucks were allocated in the ore loading and unloading process, aiming to improve the production capacity in a virtual mine. The results brought a convergence to the maximum global production, in addition to which, the allocation of unnecessary transport equipment to the planned routes was avoided. The two mutation operators compared had certain advantages and disadvantages, each better adapting to certain types of situations. The proposed technique can still be extended to other areas, for example, in the transport of grain on the road network or in the implementation of an allocation in freight cars that transport grain.

scholarly journals Klasifikasi Jenis Kendaraan Menggunakan Metode Extreme Learning Machine

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 237-243
Author(s):  
Rispani Himilda ◽  
Ragil Andika Johan
Keyword(s):  
Extreme Learning Machine ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Feedforward Neural Networks ◽  
Training Data ◽  
Classification Problems ◽  
Road Infrastructure ◽  
The Road ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Learning Machine ◽  
Processing Techniques

The number of vehicles in Indonesia has increased each year, both two-wheeled and four-wheeled vehicles; this is inversely proportional to the development of road infrastructure in Indonesia, which has not experienced much change or improvement. Supposedly, with the increase in the number of vehicles, road infrastructure must also keep pace so that things such as the accumulation of cars on the road do not occur, traffic accidents and congestion become obstacles to carrying out activities. Therefore, it is necessary to make a system to detect and classify vehicles' types in this study using two types of vehicles, namely cars and motorbikes. According to the Indonesian Central Statistics Agency (BPS), it is the highest number. The classification system uses digital image processing techniques, a science to study how an image is formed, processed, and analyzed by a computer to produce information that humans can understand. The method used in this research is the Extreme Learning Machine (ELM), a part of artificial intelligence in feedforward neural networks, where this method can solve regression and classification problems. The data used in this study are 25 images of cars and motorbikes as training data and 15 photos of cars and motorbikes as test data, respectively. The results obtained from this study are a system for classifying two types of vehicles, namely cars and motorbikes, with an accuracy rate of 86.6%.  

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