scholarly journals MONITORING PENGGUNAAN KONTRASEPSI PIL KB ORAL DENGAN KEJADIAN HIPERTENSI : LITERATURE REVIEW

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 19-25
Author(s):  
Putri Devy Septya ◽  
Martanty Aditya ◽  
Hendra Godeliva Adriani
Keyword(s):  
Oral Contraceptive ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Birth Control ◽  
Google Scholar ◽  
P Value ◽  
Exclusion Criteria ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Oral Contraceptive Pills ◽  
Contraceptive Pills ◽  
Birth Control Pills

Abstrak Pil KB oral merupakan salah satu alat kontrasepsi paling banyak digunakan oleh para wanita untuk mencegah kehamilan. Namun pil KB juga memiliki efek samping yang dapat meningkatkan tekanan darah ?140 mmHg (sistolik) dan ?90 mmHg (diastolik) atau dikenal dengan hipertensi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah penggunaan kontrasepsi pil KB oral dapat menimbulkan resiko terjadinya hipertensi. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah literture review dengan sumber data melalui pencarian secara menyeluruh dengan mesin pencari PubMed dan Google Scholar untuk menemukan artikel sesuai kriteria inklusi dan ekslusi dengan kata kunci tertentu dalam periode 2010-2020 kemudian dilakukan review. Hasil penelusuran yang didapatkan yaitu 3 artikel ilmiah secara observasional dengan menggunakan metode cohort dan cross sectional. Hasil dari literature review ini menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan kontrasepsi pil KB oral dapat menimbulkan risiko terjadinya hipertensi. Hal tersebut dibuktikan dari artikel ilmiah yang memiliki nilai p-value dibawah 0,05. Namun adapula yang membuktikan bahwa penggunaan kontrasepsi oral di usia muda tidak menyebabkan hipertensi pascamenopause serta terdapat artikel yang menyatakan bahwa tidak ada hubungan yang signifikan antara penggunaan pil KB kombinasi yang didapatkan dari klinik AS dengan penggunaan pil KB kombinasi yang didapatkan tanpa resep dokter tapi penggunaan pil KB perlu lebih di pantau agar tidak terjadi resiko yang diinginkan. Kata Kunci : Hipertensi, literature review, pil KB Abstract Oral contraceptive pills are one of the most widely used contraceptives for women to prevent pregnancy. However, oral contraceptive pills also have side effects, one of which is increasing blood pressure to ? 140 mmHg (systolic) and ? 90 mmHg (diastolic) or known as hypertension. This study aimed to determine whether the use of oral contraceptive pills poses a risk of developing hypertension. The method used in this study was literature review whose data were sourced from thorough searches with the PubMed and Google Scholar to find articles according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria with certain keywords in the 20102020 and then reviewed. The results obtained were 7 scientific articles observed using a case control and cross sectional methods. The results of this literature review indicate that the use of oral contraceptive pills can increase the risk of developing hypertension. This is evidenced by scientific articles with a p-value below 0.05. However, there is also evidence that the use of oral contraceptives at a young age does not cause postmenopausal hypertension and there is an article stating that there is no significant link between the use of combination birth control pills obtained from U.S. clinics and the use of combination birth control pills obtained without a doctor's prescription but the use of birth control pills needs to be monitored more so that there is no desired risk. Keywords: Hypertension, literature review, oral contraceptive pills

scholarly journals Extended-Cycle Oral Contraceptive Pills with 10 μG Ethinyl Estradiol Pills in Place of Placebo Pills

2007 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 529-535 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anita L Nelson
Keyword(s):  
Oral Contraceptive ◽  
Birth Control ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Ethinyl Estradiol ◽  
Oral Contraceptive Pills ◽  
Contraceptive Pills ◽  
Unscheduled Bleeding ◽  
Birth Control Pills ◽  
Extended Cycle ◽  
Stimulation Of

The elimination of monthly withdrawal bleeding with use of extended-cycle (84 pills) monophasic birth-control pills has modernized oral contraceptives. The use of ethinyl estradiol 10 μg pills in place of the seven placebo pills addresses the problems posed by 21/7 formulations of low-dose birth-control pills, which allow early stimulation of ovarian follicles, and of the early 84/7 formulations, which had higher rates of unscheduled bleeding and spotting.

Hubungan Antara Penggunaan Pil Keluarga Berencana Dengan Kejadian Hipertensi Pada Pasangan Usia Subur : Literature Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 293-301
Author(s):  
Devi Leviana ◽  
Emi Nurlaela
Keyword(s):  
Oral Contraceptive ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Birth Control ◽  
Hormonal Contraception ◽  
Childbearing Age ◽  
Trigger Factors ◽  
Oral Contraceptive Pills ◽  
Contraceptive Pills ◽  
The World ◽  
Two Factors

AbstractIndonesia is a country that ranks 5th with the highest incidence of hypertension. Hypertension is the leading cause of death in the world (52%). There are two factors that can trigger hypertension: controlled and controlled factors. One of the trigger factors that can be controlled is the use of hormonal contraception (KB Pills). To determine the correlation between the use of oral contraceptive pills and the incidence of hypertension in couples of childbearing age through a literature review. This study used a literature review method by searching for articles through the Google Scholar database. The search for articles was carried out using the keywords: '-Hypertension", '-Contraception Pill". "Couples of Childbearing Age" then the researcher used the STROBE instrument with the limitation of articles in 2011-2021. Participants in this study were couples of childbearing age who used oral contraceptive pills. The results of this literature review of 5 articles showed that 3 articles which stated that there was correlation between the use of birth control pil.ls with the incidence of hypertension in couples of childbearing age with a result of p less than 0.05. The other 2 stated that there was no correlation between the use of oral contraceptive pills with the incidence of hypertension in couples of childbearing age. The use of contraceptive pills is one of the factors that can lead to an increase in blood pressure.Keywords: Hypertension; Contraceptive Pills; Couples' of Childheclring Age AbstrakIndonesia merupakan negara yang menduduki peringkat ke 5 dengan kejadian hipertensi terbanyak. Hipertensi merupakan pencetus kematian terbanyak didunia yaitu sebanyak 52%, terdapat dua faktor yang pemicu hipertensi yaitu faktor pemicu yang dapat dikontrol dan faktor pemicu tidak dapat dikontrol. Faktor pemicu yang dapat dikontrol salah satunya yaitu penggunaan kontrasepsi hormonal (Pil KB). Mengetahui Hubungan Antara Penggunaan Pil Keluarga Berencana Dengan Kejadian Hipertensi Pada Pasangan Usia Subur melalui Literature Review. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode literature review. Untuk pencarian artikel dengan mengakses database Google Schoolar. Pencarian artikel dilakukan dengan menggunakan kata kunci: “Hipertensi”, “Kontrasepsi Pil”, “Pasangan Usia Subur” kemudian peneliti telaah menggunakan instrumen STROBE dengan batasan artikel tahun 2011-2021. Partisipan pada studi ini adalah pasangan usia subur yang menggunakan kontrasepsi pil. Hasil penelitian literature review dari 5 artikel menunjukan bahwa 3 artikel ada hubungan antara pengggunaan pil KB dengan kejadian hipertensi pada pasangan usia subur dengan hasil p<0,05, sedangkan untuk 2 artikel menunjukan tidak ada hubungan antara penggunaan pil keluarga berencana dengan kejadian hipertensipada pasangan usia subur. Penggunaan kontrasepsi pil merupakan salah satu faktor yang dapat mengakibatkan terjadinya peningkatan tekanan darah.Kata kunci: Hipertensi; Kontrasepsi Pil; Pasangan Usia Subur.  

scholarly journals Social inequalities in the use of contraceptives in adult women from Southern Brazil

2019 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 28
Author(s):  
Tonantzin Ribeiro Gonçalves ◽  
Heloísa Marquardt Leite ◽  
Fernanda Souza de Bairros ◽  
Maria Teresa Anselmo Olinto ◽  
Nêmora Tregnago Barcellos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Contraceptive ◽  
Social Inequalities ◽  
Tubal Ligation ◽  
Social Classes ◽  
Adult Women ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Oral Contraceptive Pills ◽  
Male Condom ◽  
Contraceptive Pills ◽  
Socioeconomic And Demographic Factors

OBJECTIVE: To describe the contraceptive methods used by adult women and the associated socioeconomic and demographic factors. METHODS: Population-based cross-sectional study with 20 to 49-year-old women from São Leopoldo, state of Rio Grande do Sul, in 2015. Three outcomes were considered to analyze the association with demographic and socioeconomic characteristics: use of oral contraceptive pills, tubal ligation and male condom. The crude prevalence ratios, stratified by age, and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) were obtained using Poisson regression, taking the experimental error into account. RESULTS: A total of 736 women, aged from 20 to 49 years old, were evaluated. The prevalence of the use of oral contraceptive pills, tubal ligation and male condom were respectively 31.8% (95%CI 28.4–35.3), 11.1% (95%CI 9.0–13.6) and 10.9% (95%CI 8.7–13.3). In addition, 10.5% (n = 77) of the women reported making combined use of oral contraceptive pills and condom. In the stratified analysis, younger women with lower education level and from lower social classes reported less use of oral contraceptive pills. Tubal ligation was more prevalent among the lower social classes, but only in the age group from 30 to 39 years old. No differences were found in relation to male condom. CONCLUSIONS: The results indicated that differences persist in relation to contraception, which can be associated with both the difficulties of access to these inputs and the frailty of actions in reproductive health to achieve the needs and preferences of women who are more socially vulnerable.

Literature Review : Hubungan Penggunaan Gadget Terhadap Miopia Pada Anak

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 1172-1181
Author(s):  
Annisa Dwi Lestari ◽  
Neti Mustikawati
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Correlation Study ◽  
Google Scholar ◽  
P Value ◽  
Critical Research ◽  
Exclusion Criteria ◽  
Keywords Children ◽  
Sleeping Position ◽  
Outdoor Activities ◽  
Quantitative Descriptive

AbstractThe developmentof technology causeschildren to spend time withgadgets. Meanwhile, their outdoor activities are reduced. The use ofgadget with close distances and long durations results in the eyes being continuously accommodated so that it can cause myopia. This Study aimed to analyze the correlation betweengadget useand myopia in children. The research uses a quantitative descriptive correlation study with a literature review approach. The databases used are PubMed, Garba Garuda, and Google Scholar. Articles are selected based on the suitability of keywords, topics and inclusion and exclusion criteria that have been determined. The articles used in researching five articles from 2011-2021. The critical research instrument used is the JBI (The Joanna Briggs Institute) instrument. The results of the literature review of 5 articles showed that duration ofgadgets use wasmostly more than 2 hours (60.0% or 136 respondents). The distance of gadgets use was mostly less than30cm (59.5% or 176 respondents). The position of gadget use was mostly in the sleeping position (64.3% or 146 respondents). Myopiarefractive disorderswere 176 (31,3%). Three articles showed a correlation between viewing distanceusing gadgets and myopia with a p-value <0.05. There was no correlationbetween duration and position ofgadget use with myopia with p-value >0.05. Of the five articles, there are three articles that have a relationship between the distance between gadget use and myopia with a p-value <0.05.Keywords: Children; gadgets; myopia AbstrakSemakin berkembangnya teknologi menyebabkan anak menghabiskan waktu dengan gadget, sementara aktivitas di luar ruangan menjadi berkurang. Penggunaan gadget dengan jarak yang dekat dan durasi yang lama berakibat pada mata yang terus menerus berakomodasi sehingga dapat menyebabkan terjadinya miopia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan penggunaan gadget terhadap miopia pada anak secara literature review. Penelitian menggunakan metode kuantitatif jenis studi deskriptif korelatif dengan pendekatan literature review. Database yang digunakan PubMed, Garba Garuda, dan Google Scholar. Artikel diseleksi berdasarkan kesesuaian kata kunci, topik serta kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi yang tekah ditentukan. Artikel yang digunakan dalam penelitian berjumlah lima artikel rentang waktu 2011-2021. Instrumen telaah kritis yang digunakan adalah instrumen JBI (The Joanna Briggs Institute). Hasil penelitian literature review dari ke lima artikel menunjukan durasi penggunaan gadget sebagian besar >2 jam sebanyak 136 (60,0%), jarak penggunaan gadget sebagian besar <30cm sebanyak 176 (59,5%), dan posisi penggunaan gadget sebagian besar pada posisi tidur sebanyak 146 (64,3%). Gangguan refraksi miopia sebanyak 176 (31,3%). Dari kelima artikel terdapat tiga artikel yang ada hubungan antara jarak pandang penggunaan gadget dengan miopia dengan p-value <0,05. Dari kelima artikel terdapat tiga artikel yang tidak ada hubungan durasi dan dari ketiga artikel terdapat dua artikel yang tidak ada hubungan posisi penggunaan gadget dengan miopia dengan p-value >0,05. Dari kelima artikel terdapat tiga artikel yang ada hubungan antara jarak penggunaan gadget terhadap miopia dengan p-value <0,05.Kata kunci: Anak; gadget; miopia

scholarly journals Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Women in Jeddah Towards the Use of Oral Contraceptive Pills

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 5-10
Author(s):  
Hanan M. Shamrani ◽  
Arwa F. Shamrani ◽  
Abdulrahman E. Alsaggaf ◽  
Mohammad I. Khojah ◽  
Maram M. Alafif ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Oral Contraceptive ◽  
Oral Contraceptive Pill ◽  
P Value ◽  
Oral Contraceptive Pills ◽  
Contraceptive Pill ◽  
Jeddah City ◽  
Attitude And Practice ◽  
Contraceptive Pills ◽  
Knowledge Attitude And Practice

Objective (Background): The use of oral contraceptive pill is considered an acceptable practice worldwide. Socio-demographic patterns in Saudi Arabia are rapidly changing with time. This study aims to evaluate the knowledge, attitude and practice among women in Jeddah towards the use of oral contraceptive pills. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted using a self-administered questionnaire as a tool for data collection. Results: The study was conducted in Jeddah city in the Western region of Saudi Arabia between 2014-2015, 913 women were approached and 40 refused to participate (4.378% refusal rate). Out of those 873 who agreed to participate, 713 responded correctly and were included (78.09% response rate). Participants were grouped into six categories based on their age. The majority of the women polled were Saudis (71.4%). There was a positive correlation between the attitude of women towards the use of oral contraceptive pill and age (P-value < 0.001). Similar correlation was true also in the case of knowledge and the level of education towards the use of oral contraceptive pills. There was a significant correlation between marital status towards oral contraceptive pill use (P-value <0.001). Conclusions: This study should be extended to other regions of the kingdom. The results emphasize the need for women in Jeddah city as well as the rest of Saudi Arabia to be better educated, aware and informed about the different contraceptive methods available in order for them to make the right decision regarding the method they like to choose for birth control.

The Association between Current Low-Dose Oral Contraceptive Pills and Periodontal Health: A Matched-Case-Control Study

2010 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 33-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amir Moeintaghavi ◽  
Ahmad Haerian-ardakani ◽  
Mahammadreza Reza Talebi-Ardakani ◽  
Keyvan Sohrabi ◽  
Shahin Bahmani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Contraceptive ◽  
Birth Control ◽  
Oral Contraceptives ◽  
Oral Contraceptive Pill ◽  
Plaque Index ◽  
Periodontal Health ◽  
Oral Contraceptive Pills ◽  
Contraceptive Pill ◽  
Young Females ◽  
Contraceptive Pills

Abstract Aim This study assessed the influence of current oral contraceptive pills on periodontal health in young females. Methods and Materials Seventy women ranging in age from 17 to 35 years (mean 24 years) had a comprehensive periodontal examination. Their current and previous oral contraceptive pill use was assessed by a questionnaire. A periodontal assessment was performed that included recording the following: plaque index, gingival index, probing depth, and attachment level at six sites per tooth. The periodontal health of women taking birth control pills for at least two years was compared to that of women not taking an oral contraceptive. The control and test groups were matched for socioeconomic status, age, oral habits, occupation, and educational levels. Results Although there was no difference in plaque index levels between the two groups, current oral contraceptive pill users had higher levels of gingival inflammation and bleeding on probing. However, no significant differences were found regarding mean probing depths and attachment loss between the two groups. Conclusion Women who were on oral contraceptive pills had more extensive gingivitis and gingival bleeding than their matched controls not taking them. Clinical Significance As birth control policies are advocated by most countries, and because oral contraceptives are the most widely used method for birth control, a need exists to assess the effects of oral contraceptives on the periodontal health of young women. Although additional studies are needed to better understand the mechanism of OC-induced gingivitis, female patients should be informed of the oral and periodontal side effects of OCs and the need for meticulous home care and compliance with periodontal maintenance.

The Correlation Between Stress And Hypertension In Society

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 953-958
Author(s):  
Azmiati Fuadina ◽  
Mokhamad Arifin
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Google Scholar ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Old Adults ◽  
Normal Limits ◽  
Psychological Pressure ◽  
Keywords Stress

AbstractHypertension is a disease of high blodd pressure in which the blooad pressure in the arteries exceeds normal limits. It is caused by various factors, such as increasing age, stress, unhealthy consumtion patterns, obesity, and jeredity. Stress is physical and psychological pressure that occurs on oneself and take place continuously. This literature review aimed determine the correlation between stress and hypertension in the community. The method used in teh study was a literature review, by accessing the Google Scholar and PubMed databases using the keywords “Stress” AND “Hypertension” AND “Society”. Participants in this study were public from young adults, middle adults, and old adults who had a P-Value of 0,000. The results of this study indicated that there was a relationship between stress and hypertension in the community, seen from the five articles that experienced stress as many as 204 respondents and had hypertension as much as 82%. This is a correlation between stress and hypertension in the community. It is hoped that it can provide further nursing intervensions in overcoming stress and hypertension problems in the community.Keywords: Stress; Hypertension; Public. AbstrakHipertensi adalah penyakit darah tinggi dimana tekanan darah dalam arteri melebihi batas normal. Hal ini disebabkan oleh berbagai faktor, seperti bertambahnya usiam stres, pola konsumsi yang tidak sehat, kegemukan, dan keturunan. Stres adalah suatu tekanan fisik dan psikis yang terjadi pada diri sendiri dan berlangsung secara terus menerus. Literature Review ini yaitu untuk mengetahui hubungan stres dengan hipertensi pada masyarakat. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah literature review, dengan mengakses database Google Scholar dan Pubmed dengan menggunakan kata kunci “Stres” AND “Hipertensi” AND “Masyarakat”. Partisipan pada studi ini adalah masyarakat dari usia dewasa muda, dewasa menengah, dan dewasa tua yang didapatkan P-Value 0,000, diperoleh dengan menggunakan metode melalui cross sectional. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa ada hubungan stres dengan hipertensi pada masyarakat, dilihat dari kelima artikel yang mengalami stres sebanyak 204 responden dan mengalami hipertensi sebanyak 82%. Hasil penelitian ini diketahui ada hubungan stres dengan hipertensi pada masyarakat, diharapkan dapat memberikan intervensi keperawatan lebih lanjut dalam mengatasi masalah stres dan hipertensi pada masyarakat.Kata kunci: Stres1; Hipertensi; Masyarakat

scholarly journals Unforeseen uses of oral contraceptive pills: Exploratory study in Jordanian community pharmacies

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. e0244373
Author(s):  
Muna Barakat ◽  
Raja’a Al-Qudah ◽  
Amal Akour ◽  
Najem Al-Qudah ◽  
Yahya H. Dallal Bashi
Keyword(s):  
Oral Contraceptive ◽  
Control Method ◽  
Community Pharmacists ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Oral Contraceptive Pills ◽  
Contraceptive Pills ◽  
Improper Use

Background The use of oral contraceptive pills (OCPs) as a birth control method is very common worldwide. OCPs have many other labeled non-contraceptive indications, and as a result there is an associated risk of improper use, as with any other medications. This study was designed to assess the unforeseen improper uses of OCPs observed by community pharmacists in Jordan. Method A cross-sectional study design was conducted using a self-administered survey. A convenience sample (n = 380) of Jordanian community pharmacists, were recruited through social media resources. The survey included multiple-choice and open-ended questions. Descriptive statistics and correlation analyses were completed using SPSS. Results More than half of the recruited pharmacists (55.3%) were female, and the mean age of the participants was 32.58 ± 9.94. The majority of the pharmacists (85%) had good knowledge about the non-contraceptive indications of OCPs. About 53% of them confirmed their exposure to cases of the improper use of OCPs. About 67.5% of the pharmacists who confirmed exposure to such cases, reported the topical use of OCPs for the enhancement of hair growth. Around 15% of those pharmacists stated that OCPs were used to give negative results for addictive drug screening tests. In the event that the pharmacists suspected improper use, more than 90% suggested they would refrain from dispensing the pills. Conclusion This study has spotlighted many unforeseen uses of OCPs in Jordan and highlighted the need for restricted national regulations on the monitoring of OCP prescription/selling patterns in Jordan by policymakers. Moreover, there is a need for the establishment of national educational programs for the Jordanian community regarding the safe proper use of OCPs.

Clinical Evaluation of Puberty Menorrhagia -A Study of Fifty Cases

2014 ◽  
Vol 23 (Number 2) ◽  
pp. 27-34
Author(s):  
K S Begum ◽  
H Begum ◽  
K Sultana ◽  
F A Begum ◽  
D Barua
Keyword(s):  
Oral Contraceptive ◽  
Private Practice ◽  
Uterine Bleeding ◽  
Dysfunctional Uterine Bleeding ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Excessive Bleeding ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Oral Contraceptive Pills ◽  
Combined Oral Contraceptive ◽  
Contraceptive Pills

This study was done to find out the causes of puberty menorrhagia and to evaluate the efficacy of various treatment applied in this disorder. This Descriptive cross sectional study was conducted in the Obstetrics and Gynaecology department of MARKS Medical College Hospital and in my private practice settingfrom August 2012 to February 2014. Fifty unmarried girls from age of menarche to 19 years with history of excessive bleeding per vagina attending in my private practice and out patient department or admitted to this Hospital, were included in the study. They were prospectively analysed to assess the aetiological factors and the outcome of treatment required to manage these cases. The most common cause of menorrhagia was Dysfunctional Uterine Bleeding (DUB) (82%), followed by Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome(10%) and Hypothyroidism(6%). Thirty (60%) patients had menorrhagia of > 1 years duration and majority of them 48 patients (96%) were labeled anaemic at the time of presentation. All patients responded well to medical management. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and anti fibrinolytic agents produced 75% subjective improvements in complaints. However, the Hormonal treatment (Pogesterone and combined oral contraceptive pills) produced 72% improvement. Regarding the treatment outcome, the NSAIDS and anti fibrinolytic drugs were found to be most effective, in reducing the complaints of menstrual blood loses etc. so these should be used as first line of treatment in this disorder. Pogesterone and combined oral contraceptive pills should be used as 2nd line of treatment. Puberty menorrhagia is a distressing condition both for the patient as well as her parents. Most of the cases are due to anovulatory dysfunctional uterine bleeding (DUB) which is a self limiting condition. Counselling of the patients is an important part of management. Long term medical treatment is successful in the majority of cases.

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