scholarly journals Ballast water management and their system processing

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-60
Author(s):  
M. Diasamidze ◽  
A. Shotadze
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Ballast Water ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Aquatic Organisms ◽  
Marine Species ◽  
Management Options ◽  
International Convention ◽  
Ballast Tanks ◽  
Control And Management ◽  
Ballast Water Management

Ballast water provides stability and maneuverability to a ship. Large ships can carry millions of gallons of ballast water. Ballast water discharged by ships can have a negative impact on the marine environment. There are thousands of marine species that may be carried in ships’ ballast water; In order to reduce the risk of new introductions of exotic species, the UN International Maritime Organization (IMO) has adopted the International Convention for the Control and Management of Ship’s Ballast Water and Sediments in 2004. This Convention aims ‘to continue the development of safer and more effective Ballast Water Management options that will result in continued prevention, minimization and ultimate elimination of the transfer of harmful aquatic organisms and pathogens’. To prevent possible invasions, organisms should not be discharged from ballast tanks. This can be achieved by treating the ballast water, for instance by killing organisms that are travelling in the ballast water.

scholarly journals ANALISA TEKNIS DAN EKONOMIS PEMILIHAN MANAJEMEN AIR BALLAS PADA KAPAL (SHIP BALLAST WATER MANAGEMENT) DI INDONESIA

Kapal ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 126
Author(s):  
Mohammad Sholikhan Arif ◽  
Hesty Anita Kurniawati ◽  
M. Nurul Misbah
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
United Nations ◽  
Ballast Water ◽  
International Maritime Organization ◽  
Law Of The Sea ◽  
International Convention ◽  
United Nations Convention ◽  
Control And Management ◽  
Ship Ballast Water ◽  
Ballast Water Management

Peraturan yang mengatur dan manajemen dari air ballas dikeluarkan oleh IMO (International Maritime Organization) melalui konvensi Manajemen air ballas. Konvensi tersebut menyatakan bahwa organisme yang berbahaya terhadap lingkungan, kesehatan manusia, properti atau sumber daya merusak keanekaragaman hayati atau mengganggu pemanfaatan terhadap suatu area jika dilepaskan di air laut. Pemerintah Republik Indonesia mengeluarkan Peraturan Presiden No. 132 tahun 2015 mengenai pengesahan Konvensi internasional untuk pengendalian dan manajemen air ballas dan sedimen dari kapal 2004 (The  International Convention for the control and management of ships ballast water and sediment’s 2004). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa sejauh mana kesiapan Indonesia dalam ratifikasi peraturan (come into force) Ballast water Management serta dampak yang diakibatkan setelah peraturan tersebut diratifikasi. Metode yang dilakukan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan 3 pendekatan yaitu dari aspek hukum, aspek teknis dan aspek ekonomis. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 21 Tahun 2010 tentang Perlindungan Lingkungan Maritim sebagai jabaran dari Undang-Undang Nomor 17 Tahun 2008 tentang Pelayaran, telah sejalan dengan Konvensi Internasional untuk Pengendalian dan Manajemen Air Ballas dan Sedimen dari Kapal, 2004 dan Undang-Undang Nomor 17 Tahun 1985 tentang pengesahan United Nations Convention on the LAW of the Sea (UNCLOS). Serta Penggunaan sistem manajemen air ballas untuk kapal di perairan Indonesia lebih efektif dan efisien menggunakan filtration + electrolysis

scholarly journals Using Onboard-Produced Drinking Water to Achieve Ballast-Free Management

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 7648
Author(s):  
Kun-Tu Lu ◽  
Hon-Kit Lui ◽  
Chen-Tung Arthur Chen ◽  
Li-Lian Liu ◽  
Lei Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Ballast Water ◽  
Water Tank ◽  
Ballast Tank ◽  
International Convention ◽  
Small Vessels ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Control And Management ◽  
Ballast Water Management

Based on the International Convention for the Control and Management of Ships’ Ballast Water and Sediments (the Ballast Water Management Convention, or BWM Convention) of the International Maritime Organization, from 8 September 2017, all ships must have an approved Ballast Water Management Treatment System (BWTS) to prevent the invasion of alien species through the discharge of ballast. Generally speaking, the need for an approved BWTS is limited to large vessels, as they are too large or too expensive for small vessels to install. This study aims to propose a simple ballast-free approach for small vessels (e.g., tugs, workboats, research vessels) that require ballast to compensate for the weight loss of fuel when sailing. Our approach involves refitting the dedicated ballast tank of these small vessels to be drinking water tanks and filling the tanks with onboard-generated distilled or reverse osmosis water to adjust the stability of the ships. We assessed our approach using three vessels. Two ships using our proposed method were certified by the American Bureau of Shipping as containing no ballast water tank, and not being subject to the BWM Convention. This study provides an environmentally harmless, easy to use, and economical approach for small vessels to comply with the BWM Convention.

scholarly journals Management of an invasive marine species: defining and testing the effectiveness of ballast-water management options using management strategy evaluation

2008 ◽  
Vol 65 (6) ◽  
pp. 841-850 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piers K. Dunstan ◽  
Nicholas J. Bax
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Ballast Water ◽  
Management Strategy ◽  
Marine Species ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Asterias Amurensis ◽  
Management Strategy Evaluation ◽  
Strategy Evaluation ◽  
Invasive Marine Species ◽  
Ballast Water Management

Abstract Dunstan, P. K., and Bax, N. J. 2008. Management of an invasive marine species: defining and testing the effectiveness of ballast-water management options using management strategy evaluation. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 65: 841–850. Invasive marine and fresh-water species are being spread around the world in ships' ballast water, damaging industries and natural resources. Management policies are being developed nationally and internationally in response to the threat, but these options are not being rigorously evaluated for their potential to meet management objectives. We used management strategy evaluation (MSE) simulation to compare the performance of different management rules for controlling the spread of an invasive sea star, Asterias amurensis, around the southern coast of Australia. A model incorporating population dynamics, oceanographic patterns, and vessel movement was developed to compare the performance of different ballast-water exchange rules at reducing the likelihood of new populations establishing at locations along the coast over time. Static management rules, where ballast exchange was mandated on all voyages, reduced the median likelihood of new invasions from 0.67 with no ballast control to between 0.36 and 0.42 as distance from the coast was varied. Reducing the volume of high-risk ballast water by 95% did not reduce the likelihood of invasion by 95%, but by an average of 21%. Exchanging ballast farther from the coast did not reduce the likelihood of invasion for any of the static management rules. Feedback management rules using a port monitoring programme to assess the risk of transporting larvae between ports were at least as effective as the static rules, but at a significantly reduced cost for this single-species example. MSE provides a method to compare management options against objectives in this uncertain environment, and can be used to evaluate new and expensive treatment options for their effectiveness and value.

scholarly journals Diagnostics in ballast water management

2018 ◽  
Vol 182 ◽  
pp. 02004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcin Bielski ◽  
Jacek Wachowicz ◽  
Ryszard Bielski ◽  
Arkadiusz Adamczyk ◽  
Hendra Jantanata
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Invasive Species ◽  
Natural Environment ◽  
Ballast Water ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
The Face ◽  
Ballast Tanks ◽  
Ballast Water Management

Diagnostics in ballast water management is the main remedy to protect against the threat of spreading invasive species that can be carried in ships' ballast tanks. This phenomenon is getting better known and understood. New and more effective methods of preventing threats related to this are being developed. Procedures are created to ensure environmental safety in the face of ever-increasing transport by sea. The article characterizes both the background of the problem, basic diagnostic medics used in ballast water management, as well as procedures and basic techniques used to ensure the safety of the natural environment..

scholarly journals Ballast water management for sustainable development – some remarks on Polish law

2018 ◽  
Vol 57 ◽  
pp. 01027
Author(s):  
Dorota Pyć
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Ballast Water ◽  
Regional Cooperation ◽  
Aquatic Organisms ◽  
Ecosystem Approach ◽  
International Convention ◽  
Environmental Threats ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Polish Law ◽  
Control And Management

The main aim of the International Convention for the Control and Management of Ships’ Ballast Water and Sediments (BWM Convention) is to prevent, minimize and ultimately eliminate the risk of introducing harmful aquatic organisms and pathogens (HAOP) transferred in ships’ ballast waters and sediments to non-native environment for them, mainly for waters in seaports and coastal waters. The BWM Convention entered into force globally on 8 September 2017. This convention is based on the precautionary principle and the ecosystem approach to achieving sustainable development goals. Effective protection and preservation of the maritime environment depends on the preventive and reasonable actions, especially in case of environmental threats or combating pollution. This means that it is necessary to react efficiently by relevant authorities and boost international and regional cooperation, as well as development of other instruments such as inspection and reporting systems. The purpose of this paper is to present the state of preparation to the implementation of the BWM Convention in connection with its ratification by Poland, which is planned for 2018.

scholarly journals Practical Difficulties of Sampling Ballast Tanks - What Lessons Can Be Learned?

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Evans ◽  
Emma Langley
Keyword(s):  
Ballast Water ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Time Windows ◽  
Aquatic Organisms ◽  
Small Time ◽  
Performance Standard ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Ballast Tank ◽  
International Convention ◽  
Ballast Tanks

The adoption of the International Convention for the Control and Management of Ships’ Ballast Water and Sediments (BWMC) in 2004 (herewith the Convention) has sought to prevent the spread of harmful aquatic organisms and pathogens in the ballast water and sediments of ships, threatening marine ecosystems worldwide. The Convention sets out the various requirements and the various steps vessels owners / operators and port States need to undertake in order to effectively manage ballast water and sediments. However, there are still open issues and uncertainty, including the scientific and practical challenges of sampling of ballast tanks and monitoring compliance with the Convention’s standards. In order to monitor compliance with the Convention’s standards, documented management practices can be inspected for appropriateness and inspection of vessel log books can give an indication that practices have been implemented. However, sampling is the most effective way to ensure compliance with standards set out in the Convention. To check compliance with the D-1 (exchange) standard, vessel log books should be inspected and sampling can be used to check for anomalies in the composition of the ballast water (e.g. salinity). D-1 compliance is intended as an interim step until treatment systems are more widely available – although, some ports may require exchange as well as treatment in the long term. Compliance with the D-2 (performance) standard following treatment of the ballast water requires the sampling of biological, chemical and physical parameters. Whether checking compliance to the D-1 or D-2 standards, there are significant sampling challenges. These include the logistics of gaining vessel access; having multiple sample methods available to suit ballast tank access restrictions; getting a representative sample; sample analyses; sample interpretation and; what to do if a sample fails? In addition to this, local requirements can present further challenges (e.g. small time windows for bacterial analysis). This paper will highlight the difficulties of sampling ballast tanks in practice, drawing from national and international experiences, and will also comment more broadly on the sampling process and governance – such as regional differences and the role of port State control. Drawing on protocols adopted by other states will help to facilitate a more efficient, consistent and organised implementation of the Convention to the shipping community worldwide.

scholarly journals Sampling Methodologies and Approaches for Ballast Water Management Compliance Monitoring

2012 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 397-405 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephan Gollasch ◽  
Matej David
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Ballast Water ◽  
Compliance Monitoring ◽  
Water Sampling ◽  
State Control ◽  
International Convention ◽  
Harmful Organisms ◽  
Control Port ◽  
Ballast Water Management ◽  
Port State Control

The human-mediated transfer of harmful organisms via shipping, especially via ballast water transport, has raised considerable attention especially in the last decade due to the negative associated impacts. Ballast water sampling is important to assess the compliance with ballast water management requirements (i.e. compliance monitoring). The complexity of ballast water sampling is a result of organism diversity and behaviour which may require different sampling strategies, as well as ship design implications including availability of ballast water sampling points. This paper discusses the ballast water sampling methodologies with emphasis on compliance monitoring by the Port State Control officers according to the International Convention on the Management of Ships’ Ballast Water and Sediments, 2004. KEY WORDS: maritime transport, compliance control, port state control, ballast water sampling, ballast water management

scholarly journals Using MCDA methods THOR in an application for outranking the ballast water management options

2005 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Francisco Simões Gomes
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Ballast Water ◽  
Multicriteria Analysis ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Treatment Methods ◽  
Analysis Methodology ◽  
Ballast Water Management ◽  
Selection Of

The Multicriteria Analysis Methodology has been developed in order to support and guide decision-makers in the evaluation and selection of alternatives/solutions. In this case, it is used to compare alternatives for the management ballast water (BW) exchange systems and treatment methods.

Biocidal effect of thymol and carvacrol on aquatic organisms: Possible application in ballast water management systems

2018 ◽  
Vol 133 ◽  
pp. 734-740
Author(s):  
Hyunwoo Kim ◽  
Sungmin Lee ◽  
Beomseok Son ◽  
Jaewan Jeon ◽  
Daehoon Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Ballast Water ◽  
Aquatic Organisms ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Ballast Water Management

scholarly journals Pulse amplitude modulation as an indicative method for monitoring compliance of ballast water management – Walz Water PAM instrument test

2020 ◽  
pp. 29-42
Author(s):  
Aja Golja ◽  
Klaudija Sapač ◽  
Dušan Žagar ◽  
Matej David
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Ballast Water ◽  
Size Range ◽  
Photochemical Efficiency ◽  
Aquatic Organisms ◽  
Pulse Amplitude ◽  
Pulse Amplitude Modulation ◽  
Minimum Diameter ◽  
Ship’S Ballast Water ◽  
Ballast Water Management

Vessels are considered one of the primary pathways for the transfer of harmful aquatic organisms and pathogens. The D-2 Regulation of the Ballast Water Management Convention specifies the maximum number of organisms per unit volume in order to prevent their spread and transfer, and the introduction of harmful aquatic organisms and pathogens around the globe. The Convention also requires an inspection of every ship’s ballast water in order to verify compliance with the requirements. Inspectors take samples of ballast water and perform quick analyses on board using indicative instruments. We evaluated the appropriateness of the Walz Water PAM instrument for indicative analysis of ballast water. The instrument estimates the phytoplankton biomass and its photochemical efficiency. The instrument measurements were compared to the results of detailed laboratory analyses of samples for phytoplankton cells in the size range 10–50 µm and with minimum diameter, as addressed by the Regulation D-2. The instrument correctly evaluated all 19 compliant samples from the detailed analyses and 88 of 95 non-compliant samples from detailed analyses (93%). We can thus conclude that Walz Water PAM is a suitable tool for the indicative analysis of vessels’ ballast water.

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