scholarly journals A method for determination of one hundred endogenous steroids in human serum by gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.

2019 ◽  
pp. 179-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Hill ◽  
V. Hána ◽  
M. Velíková ◽  
A. Pařízek ◽  
L. Kolátorová ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Present Method ◽  
Previous Method ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Bioactive Substances ◽  
New Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Steroid Profiling ◽  
Higher Sensitivity ◽  
Endogenous Steroids

Steroid profiling helps various pathologies to be rapidly diagnosed. Results from analyses investigating steroidogenic pathways may be used as a tool for uncovering pathology causations and proposals of new therapeutic approaches. The purpose of this study was to address still underutilized application of the advanced GC-MS/MS platform for the multicomponent quantification of endogenous steroids. We developed and validated a GC-MS/MS method for the quantification of 58 unconjugated steroids and 42 polar conjugates of steroids (after hydrolysis) in human blood. The present method was validated not only for blood of men and non-pregnant women but also for blood of pregnant women and for mixed umbilical cord blood. The spectrum of analytes includes common hormones operating via nuclear receptors as well as other bioactive substances like immunomodulatory and neuroactive steroids. Our present results are comparable with those from our previously published GC-MS method as well as the results of others. The present method was extended for corticoids and 17α-hydroxylated 5α/β-reduced pregnanes, which are useful for the investigation of alternative “backdoor” pathway. When comparing the analytical characteristics of the present and previous method, the first exhibit by far higher selectivity, and generally higher sensitivity and better precision particularly for 17α-hydroxysteroids.

Determination of Plasminogen in Human Plasma by the Lysis Time Method

1966 ◽  
Vol 16 (01/02) ◽  
pp. 001-017 ◽  
Author(s):  
W Berg ◽  
K Korsan-Bengtsen ◽  
J Ygge
Keyword(s):  
Human Plasma ◽  
Present Method ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Fibrinogen Concentration ◽  
Plasmin Activity ◽  
Time System ◽  
Lysis Time ◽  
High Dilutions ◽  
Single Determination

SummaryA one-stage lysis time system containing fibrinogen, streptokinase, thrombin, and a known, small amount of plasminogen was used to determine plasminogen in plasma.The known amount of plasminogen was added to the system in order to keep the lysis times relatively short when a highly diluted plasma was tested. High dilutions of plasma were used to reduce the influence of the plasma inhibitors.The calculation of the plasminogen concentration was made on the basis of the correlation: “plasminogen = fibrinogen/lysis time” which was valid in the system. The method allowed determination of plasminogen in plasma with varying fibrinogen concentrations, as the fibrinogen concentration in plasma was considered in the calculation.The presence of “spontaneous” plasmin activity in the plasma did not influence the plasminogen determination. Estimated by this method, the plasminogen content in plasma from 32 blood donors aged 25-45 years was 13.1 ±2.4 casein u/ml. The error of a single determination was 0.3 casein u/ml. The plasminogen content in plasma, determined with the present method, is about 3-4 times higher than the content found when a caseinolytic method is used.

THE APPLICATION OF GAS-LIQUID RADIOCHROMATOGRAPHY TO THE QUANTITATIVE DETERMINATION OF STEROIDS IN THE PERIPHERAL VENOUS BLOOD OF NON-PREGNANT WOMEN

1965 ◽  
Vol 49 (3_Suppl) ◽  
pp. S204
Author(s):  
Ian F. Sommerville ◽  
Brian M. Sheerin ◽  
William P. Collins ◽  
Heather Wyman
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Determination ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Peripheral Venous Blood

INDIREKTE PAPIERCHROMATOGRAPHISCHE METHODE ZUR BESTIMMUNG DER HARNOESTROGENE

1961 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 545-562 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Kecskés ◽  
F. Mutschler ◽  
I. Glós ◽  
E. Thán ◽  
I. Farkas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Granulosa Cell ◽  
Iron Content ◽  
List Type ◽  
Granulosa Cell Tumour ◽  
Hydrolysis Of ◽  
Phenol Fraction ◽  
Qualitative Determination

ABSTRACT 1. An indirect paperchromatographic method is described for separating urinary oestrogens; this consists of the following steps: acidic hydrolysis, extraction with ether, dissociation of phenol-fractions with partition between the solvents. Previous purification of phenol fraction with the aid of paperchromatography. The elution of oestrogen containing fractions is followed by acetylation. Oestrogen acetate is isolated by re-chromatography. The chromatogram was developed after hydrolysis of the oestrogens 'in situ' on the paper. The quantity of oestrogens was determined indirectly, by means of an iron-reaction, after the elution of the iron content of the oestrogen spot, which was developed by the Jellinek-reaction. 2. The method described above is satisfactory for determining urinary oestrogen, 17β-oestradiol and oestriol, but could include 16-epioestriol and other oestrogenic metabolites. 3. The sensitivity of the method is 1.3–1.6 μg/24 hours. 4. The quantitative and qualitative determination of urinary oestrogens with the above mentioned method was performed in 50 pregnant and 9 non pregnant women, and also in 2 patients with granulosa cell tumour.

New therapeutic approaches for polymyositis and dermatomyositis

2011 ◽  
Vol 152 (39) ◽  
pp. 1552-1559 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katalin Dankó ◽  
Melinda Vincze
Keyword(s):  
Immunosuppressive Agents ◽  
Inflammatory Myopathy ◽  
Proximal Muscle ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
First Line ◽  
New Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Remission Period ◽  
Immune Mediated ◽  
Systemic Manifestations ◽  
Line Of Therapy

Inflammatory myopathies are chronic, immune-mediated diseases characterized with progressive proximal muscle weakness. They encompass a variety of syndromes with protean manifestations. The aims of therapy are to increase muscle strength, prevent the development of contractures, and to manage the systemic manifestations of the disease. This is a complex treatment which requires routine and wide knowledge. The most important task is to recognize the disease and guide the patient to immunologic center. Although the first line of therapy continues to include corticosteroids, there are a multitude of agents available for treating patients with myositis. There are several different immunosuppressive agents which may be applied alone or in combination with each other, as well as an increasing number of novel and exciting biologic agents targeting molecules participating in the pathogenesis of inflammatory myopathy. Physiotherapy and rehabilitation in the remission period may significantly improve the functional outcome of patients with these disorders. Orv. Hetil., 2011, 152, 1552–1559.

Determination of Pregnant women Knowledge toward Risk Factors of Vitamin D Deficiency and Measuring Level During Pregnancy in Al- Nasiriyah City

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (13) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Abdulhakeem Hassan Albakaa ◽  
Amer Muhssen Naser ◽  
Ali Riyad Saleim
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency

The Epitome of Novel Techniques and Targeting Approaches in Drug Delivery for Treating Lymphatic Filariasis

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (12) ◽  
pp. 1250-1263
Author(s):  
Saurabh Shrivastava ◽  
Anshita Gupta ◽  
Chanchal Deep Kaur
Keyword(s):  
Lymphatic Filariasis ◽  
Neglected Tropical Diseases ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Tropical Diseases ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Preventive Chemotherapy ◽  
Bioactive Substances ◽  
Lymphatic Diseases ◽  
Life Threatening

Background: Lymphatic filariasis is a pervasive and life-threatening disease for human beings. Currently, 893 million people in 49 countries worldwide affected by lymphatic filariasis as per WHO statistics. The concealed aspects of lymphatic diseases such as delayed disease detection, inappropriate disease imaging, the geographical outbreak of infection, and lack of preventive chemotherapy have brought this epidemic to the edge of Neglected Tropical Diseases. Many medications and natural bioactive substances have seen to promote filaricidal activity against the target parasitic species. However, the majority of failures have occurred in pharmaceutical and pharmacokinetic issues. Objective: The purpose of the study is to focus on the challenges and therapeutic issues in the treatment of filariasis. The review brings novel techniques and therapeutic approaches for combating lymphatic filariasis. It also offers significant developments and opportunities for such therapeutic interventions. Conclusion: Through this review, an attempt has made to critically evaluate the avenues of innovative pharmaceuticals and molecular targeting approaches to bring an integrated solution to combat lymphatic filariasis.

Simultaneous Determination of Alogliptin, Linagliptin, Saxagliptin, and Sitagliptin in Bulk Drug and Formulation by UPLC Q-TOF-MS

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-105
Author(s):  
Ramji Rathod ◽  
Faraat Ali ◽  
Amrish Chandra ◽  
Robin Kumar ◽  
Meenakshi Dahiya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Internal Standard ◽  
Gradient Elution ◽  
Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms ◽  
Sensitivity And Selectivity ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Bulk Drug ◽  
Positive Ion ◽  
Higher Sensitivity

Background: A simple and sensitive Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry method was developed and validated to measure the concentrations of Alogliptin (ALO), Linagliptin (LIN), Saxagliptin (SAX), and Sitagliptin (SIT) using Pioglitazone (PIO) as an internal standard. Methods: Chromatographic separation of six gliptins was achieved on a C-18 column (100×2.1 mm, 2.7 μm) using a mobile phase consisting of formic acid in water, 0.1%v/v: acetonitrile in gradient elution. Electrospray ionization (ESI) source was operated in the positive ion mode. Targeted MS/MS mode on a QTOF MS was used to quantify the drug utilizing the transitions of 340.1(m/z), 473.2 (m/z), 316.2 (m/z), 408.1 (m/z), and 357.1 (m/z) for ALO, LIN, SAX, SIT and PIO respectively. Results: As per ICH Q2R1 guidelines, a detailed validation of the method was carried out and the standard curves were found to be linear over the concentration ranges of 1516.0-4548.1 ng mL-1, 519.8- 1559.4 ng mL-1, 1531.4-4594.3 ng mL-1and 1519.6-4558.8 ng mL-1 for ALO, LIN, SAX and SIT respectively. Precision and accuracy results were within the acceptable limits. The mean recovery was found to be 98.8 _ 0.76 % (GEM), 102.2 _ 1.59 % (LIN), 95.3 _ 2.74 % (SAX) and 99.2 _ 1.75 % (SIT) respectively. Conclusions: The optimized validated UPLC QTOF-MS/MS method offered the advantage of shorter analytical times and higher sensitivity and selectivity. The optimized method is suitable for application in quantitative analysis of pharmaceutical dosage forms for QC laboratory.

Polarographic study of hydrolysis of [8-lysine]vasopressin and its derivatives with blood serum of pregnant women

1980 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 1099-1108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mikuláš Chavko ◽  
Michal Bartík ◽  
Evžen Kasafírek
Keyword(s):  
Blood Serum ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Degree Of Hydrolysis ◽  
Polarographic Study ◽  
Ph Optimum ◽  
Lysine Vasopressin ◽  
Rate Of Hydrolysis ◽  
Hydrolysis Of ◽  
Vasopressin Analogues

A polarographic study of the hydrolysis of [8-lysine]vasopressin and some hormonogens of the vasopressin series with the blood serum of women in the last week of pregnancy was studied. The dependence of hydrolysis on pH (pH optimum: 7.4-7.50, substrate concentration (Km 1.2 . 10-5M), pH stability and thermal stability were determined. The rate of hydrolysis of individual vasopressin analogues decreases in the order: [8-lysine]vasopressin > Nα-glycyl-prolyl[8-lysine]-vasopressin > Nα-leucyl-[8-lysine]vasopressin > Nα-alanyl-[8-lysine]vasopressin > Nα-phenyl alanyl-[8-lysine]vasopressin > Nα-diglycyl-[8-lysine]vasopressin > Nα-prolyl-[8-lysine]vasopressin > Nα-triglycyl-[8-lysine]vasopressin > Nα-sarcosyl-glycyl-[8-lysine]vasopressin. The degree of hydrolysis gradually increases to a multiple with the length of the pregnancy in consequence of the presence of oxytocine. However, vasopressin is also hydrolysed to a small extent with the enzymes from the blood sera of non-pregnant women. Under similar analytical conditions oxytocin was not hydrolysed with the sera of non-pregnant women and therefore oxytocin is a more suitable substrate than vasopressin for polarographic determination of serum oxytocinase.

scholarly journals New Aspects of the Epigenetics of Pancreatic Carcinogenesis

Epigenomes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 18
Author(s):  
Murat Toruner ◽  
Martin E. Fernandez-Zapico ◽  
Christopher L. Pin
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Epigenetic Mechanisms ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Cancer Epigenetics ◽  
Pancreatic Carcinogenesis ◽  
New Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Environmental Events ◽  
Underlying Pathogenesis

Pancreatic cancer remains among the deadliest forms of cancer with a 5 year survival rate less than 10%. With increasing numbers being observed, there is an urgent need to elucidate the pathogenesis of pancreatic cancer. While both contribute to disease progression, neither genetic nor environmental factors completely explain susceptibility or pathogenesis. Defining the links between genetic and environmental events represents an opportunity to understand the pathogenesis of pancreatic cancer. Epigenetics, the study of mitotically heritable changes in genome function without a change in nucleotide sequence, is an emerging field of research in pancreatic cancer. The main epigenetic mechanisms include DNA methylation, histone modifications and RNA interference, all of which are altered by changes to the environment. Epigenetic mechanisms are being investigated to clarify the underlying pathogenesis of pancreatic cancer including an increasing number of studies examining the role as possible diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers. These mechanisms also provide targets for promising new therapeutic approaches for this devastating malignancy.

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