PENGARUH PITCH SUDU TERHADAP KINERJA TURBIN ULIR

KURVATEK ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-122
Author(s):  
Harianto harianto Harianto
Keyword(s):  
Output Power ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Inclination Angle ◽  
Power Output ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Incline Angle ◽  
Hydro Power ◽  
Low Head ◽  
Outside Diameter ◽  
Turbine Output

Abstrak                Sumber tenaga air dengan head  rendah di Indonesia masih banyak yang belum termanfaatkan sehingga perlu dikembangkan dan dimanfaatkan secra optimal. Salah satu turbin yang mampu bekerja pada head  rendah adalah turbin ulir. Banyak parameter yang berpengaruh terhadap kinerja turbin ulir, di antaranya adalah jumlah sudu, jumlah lilitan, jarak antar sudu,  sudut kemiringan, dan debit. Sehubungan dengan hal ini maka perlu dilakukan penelitian untuk mengetahui harga parameter-parameter tersebut pada kondisi kinerja optimalnya.             Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk megetahui pengaruh pitch sudu , kemiringan sudu dan laju aliran air masuk terhadap putaran, daya output dan efisiensi turbin ulir. Penelitian dilakukan terhadap suatu model turbin ulir dengan dengan diameter luar ulir (d0) 10,10 cm, ulir tunggal ,  dan panjang ulir 43 cm, dengan variasi sudut kemiringan antara 100 sampai 450, variasi laju aliran air 84 l/menit, 95 l/menit dan 105 l/menit,dan variasi  jarak antar sudu (p) 2 cm, 3 cm , 4 cm Dari hasil penelitian ini diperoleh putaran maksimum 240 rpm pada laju aliran air 105 liter/menit ,   sudut kemiringan 20 0,dan pitch sudu 3 cm     menghasilkan daya maksimum 5,558 W dengan efisiensi maksimum sebesar 44,349. Kata-kata Kunci: turbin ulir, head rendah, daya, efisiensi ,pitch   Abstract   Indonesia has many low head hidro power energy  resources that have not been in use yet, so it is needed to be developed and exploited. One of the low head hydro power turbines is Archemedian srew turbine. There are many parameters and variables that influence to the performance of the turbines, such as number and pitch of blades, inclination angle, and flow rate.                The objective of the risearch is to investigate the influences of pitch of blades, inclination angle and flow rate to the turbine output power and turbine eficiency.                The research has been conducted in a 10.1 outside diameter  , 43 cm length  model screw turbine, in which pitch of blades was varied in  2 cm ,3 cm and 4 cm, inclination angle was varied in 10 0 ,150 , 200, 250 , 300, 350 and  45 0 and flow rate was varied in   84 l/min, 95 l/min and 105 l/min.                It is concluded from the research that maximum rotation 240 rpm, maximum power output is 5,558 Watt, maximum eficiency is 44,349 %, and they are reached at 105 l/men flow rate, 20 0  incline angle. and 3 cm pitch blades.  Keywords : screw turbine, low head, power, eficiency, pitch.

scholarly journals ANALISIS VARIASI JUMLAH SUDU BERENGSEL TERHADAP UNJUK KERJA TURBIN CROSS FLOW ZERO HEAD

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yesung Allo Padang ◽  
IDK Okariawan ◽  
Mundara Wati
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Output Power ◽  
Power Output ◽  
Cross Flow ◽  
System Efficiency ◽  
Turbine Performance ◽  
Small Capacity ◽  
Turbine Output

Micro Hydro Powewr Plant (MHPP) is a power plant that converts water energy into electrical in a small capacity. Developing MHPP means developing renewable energy which is environmentally save. In this researh the position of cross flow turbine is submerged in water so it is said cross flow zero head turbine. The purpose of this reserch is to analyze the performances of cross flow zero head turbne. The variation parameters include number of blade (12, 6 and 4 blades), fixed blades and sliding blades (unbolted blades). The turbine performances to be analyzed are system efficiency, turbine output power and generator speed. The results show that the best turbine performance is obtained when number of blades is 12 with fixed blade. This yields to the best system efficiency of 0.47% obtained at generator speed of 89.9 rpm and generator power output of 29.25 Watts.

scholarly journals A Novel Z-blade Reaction Type Turbine for Low Head Low Flow Water Condition

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 1370-1374
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Water Flow Rate ◽  
Low Flow ◽  
Practical Case ◽  
Hydro Power ◽  
Small Stream ◽  
Reaction Type ◽  
Water Condition ◽  
Low Head

This paper discusses the performance characteristics on efficiency and applicability of the test unit under low-head and low-flow condition for a novel Z-blade reaction type hydraulic turbine. Unlike large hydro power system, this technology’s superiority lies in the fact that it can harness electrical energy even from a small stream of water as energy sources and it does not poses any adverse environmental impact. This turbine was developed for an ideal and practical case which investigated applying the principal equations that were derived using the philosophies of conservation of mass, momentum, and energy. Assuming frictional losses factor or k-factor for different operating head, the relationship between rotor diameter, angular speed, flow rate, and power output was plotted and elaborated with allusion to the experimental data. Experiments were carried out at 5m head and below with the water flow rate less than 2.5L/sec, and it was evaluated against theoretical results. The turbine has a capability to achieve high values of rotational speed (up to 500 rpm) with minimal mass flow rate and high efficiency (up to 78%) at low head water condition (5m).

scholarly journals Thermodynamic Optimization of a Geothermal Power Plant with a Genetic Algorithm in Two Stages

Processes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 1277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehdi A. Ehyaei ◽  
Abolfazl Ahmadi ◽  
Marc A. Rosen ◽  
Afshin Davarpanah
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Algorithm ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Output Power ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Fluid Temperature ◽  
Renewable Energy Resources ◽  
Geothermal Fluid ◽  
Two Stages

Due to the harmful effects and depletion of non-renewable energy resources, the major concerns are focused on using renewable energy resources. Among them, the geothermal energy has a high potential in volcano regions such as the Middle East. The optimization of an organic Rankine cycle with a geothermal heat source is investigated based on a genetic algorithm having two stages. In the first stage, the optimal variables are the depth of the well and the extraction flow rate of the geothermal fluid mass. The optimal value of the depth of the well, extraction mass flow rate, and the geothermal fluid temperature is found to be 2100 m, 15 kg/s, and 150 °C. In the second stage, the efficiency and output power of the power plant are optimized. To achieve maximum output power as well as cycle efficiency, the optimization variable is the maximum organic fluid pressure in the high-temperature heat exchanger. The optimum values of energy efficiency and cycle power production are equal to 0.433 MW and 14.1%, respectively.

scholarly journals Utilization of the dethridge wheel as a low head power generator and loss analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 204 ◽  
pp. 04003
Author(s):  
Dan Mugisidi ◽  
Oktarina Heriyani ◽  
Rizal Andi Luhung ◽  
Moh. Ramdani Dwi Andrian
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Flow Meter ◽  
Hydro Power ◽  
Flow Rates ◽  
Power Generator ◽  
Loss Analysis ◽  
Low Head ◽  
Water Wheel

Utilization of low head flow water has long been used to generate power by using water wheels and low head turbines. Dethridge wheel which is usually used as a tool to measure the flow of water has also been studied its potential to become hydro power generation. Therefore, this study aims to compare performance between overshot Dethridge wheel and undershot Dethridge wheel. For this purpose, a small scale channel for the operation of a water wheel is equipped with a digital flow meter, a pump that has a debit of up to 25 l/s, a pony brake for a torque meter, and an inverter to adjust the flow rate by changing the pump rotation. The research was conducted at Laboratory of Mechanical Engineering, UHAMKA in Jakarta, Indonesia. Flow rates vary from 5 to 11 l/s with head of 10 cm and 537 cm. The efficiency of undershot and overshot, at the peak, are 21% and 18%, respectively.

scholarly journals SIMULASI PENGGUNAAN DIFFUSER PADA TURBIN ANGIN SUMBU HORISONTAL UNTUK KENAIKAN DAYA

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sulistyo Atmadi ◽  
Ahmad Jamaludin Fitroh
Keyword(s):  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Output Power ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Power Output ◽  
Area Ratio ◽  
Diameter Ratio ◽  
Speed Distribution ◽  
Ratio Variation ◽  
Air Speed ◽  
Cfd Method

 One technique to improve the power output of a wind turbine is by implementing a diffuser, which is called the diffuser augmented wind turbine (DAWT). The area ratio between the inlet and outlet of the diffuser increases the flow rate inside the diffuser which in effect produces higher output power. In this research, a 2 meters rotor diameter was used. Diffuser diameter ratio variation of 2, 3, 4, and 5 were chosen which provides inlet diameter of 4, 6, 8, and 10 meter respectively. Power rotor coefficient is assumed to be constant of 0.30. Air speed distribution inside the diffuser is calculated using CFD method. The inlet speed to the diffuser is varied to give 4 different speeds. The wind angle at the inlet is also varied at 0º, 30º and 60º. The simulation result showed that at 0 degree angle, diffuser diameter ratio variation of 2, 3, 4, and 5 will increase the power output about 58, 622, 3169, and 11519 times respectively. It also showed that the increase in the output power for diameter diffuser ratio of 2 at 0º and 60º angle is 58 and 4 times respectively. Keywords:Wind turbine, Diffuser, CFD

Caffeine supplementation for 4-day, followed by acute ingestion, did not impact triathlete output power after submaximal intensity exercise

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 118
Author(s):  
Anderson Pontes Morales ◽  
Felipe Sampaio-Jorge ◽  
Thiago Barth ◽  
Alessandra Alegre De Matos ◽  
Luiz Felipe Da Cruz Rangel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Lactate ◽  
Output Power ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Effect Size ◽  
Power Output ◽  
Anaerobic Power ◽  
Lactate Concentration ◽  
Wingate Test ◽  
Large Effect Size ◽  
Acute Ingestion

Introduction: The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that caffeine supplementation (6 mg·kg-1 body mass) for 4-days, followed by acute intake, would impact five male triathletes output power after performed submaximal intensity exercise. Methods: This was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover study, placebo (4-day) - placebo (acute) PP, placebo (4-days) -caffeine (acute) PC, and caffeine (4-day) - caffeine (acute) CC. Participants abstained from dietary caffeine sources for 4 days and ingested capsules containing either placebo or caffeine (6 mg.kg-1 body mass day in one absorption). The acute trials the capsules containing placebo or caffeine (6 mg.kg-1 body mass day in one absorption) were ingested 60min before completing exercise in a treadmill for 40min (80% VO2max) and to perform the Wingate test. Results: Blood lactate was determined before, 60min after ingestion, and immediately after the exercise on the treadmill, the Wingate test, and after the recovery (10-min). CC and PC trials did not change the cardiopulmonary variables (P>0.05) and the anaerobic power variables (peak/mean power output and fatigue index) (P>0.05). The PC trial compared with PP promoted improvements in the curve power output in 2 sec by 31.19% (large effect-size d = 1.08; P<0.05) and 3 sec by 20% (large effect-size d = 1.19; P<0.05). A 10min recovery was not sufficient to reduce blood lactate concentration in the PC trial compared with PP (PC, 13.73±2.66 vs. PP, 10.26±1.60 mmol.L-1; P<0.05, respectively) (P<0.05). Conclusion: In conclusion, these results indicate that caffeine supplementation (6 mg·kg-1 body mass) for 4 days, followed by acute ingestion, did not impact the triathletes output power after performed submaximal intensity exercise. Nutritional interventions may help researchers and athletes to adapt strategies for manipulating caffeine use.Key-words: caffeine metabolism, Wingate test, blood lactate, performance.

scholarly journals Analytical Modeling of a Doubly Clamped Flexible Piezoelectric Energy Harvester with Axial Excitation and Its Experimental Characterization

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (11) ◽  
pp. 3861
Author(s):  
Jie Mei ◽  
Qiong Fan ◽  
Lijie Li ◽  
Dingfang Chen ◽  
Lin Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Output Power ◽  
Power Output ◽  
Output Voltage ◽  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Load Resistance ◽  
Engineering Practice ◽  
Maximum Output ◽  
Widespread Application ◽  
Piezoelectric Energy ◽  
Axial Excitation

With the rapid development of wearable electronics, novel power solutions are required to adapt to flexible surfaces for widespread applications, thus flexible energy harvesters have been extensively studied for their flexibility and stretchability. However, poor power output and insufficient sensitivity to environmental changes limit its widespread application in engineering practice. A doubly clamped flexible piezoelectric energy harvester (FPEH) with axial excitation is therefore proposed for higher power output in a low-frequency vibration environment. Combining the Euler–Bernoulli beam theory and the D’Alembert principle, the differential dynamic equation of the doubly clamped energy harvester is derived, in which the excitation mode of axial load with pre-deformation is considered. A numerical solution of voltage amplitude and average power is obtained using the Rayleigh–Ritz method. Output power of 22.5 μW at 27.1 Hz, with the optimal load resistance being 1 MΩ, is determined by the frequency sweeping analysis. In order to power electronic devices, the converted alternating electric energy should be rectified into direct current energy. By connecting to the MDA2500 standard rectified electric bridge, a rectified DC output voltage across the 1 MΩ load resistor is characterized to be 2.39 V. For further validation of the mechanical-electrical dynamical model of the doubly clamped flexible piezoelectric energy harvester, its output performances, including both its frequency response and resistance load matching performances, are experimentally characterized. From the experimental results, the maximum output power is 1.38 μW, with a load resistance of 5.7 MΩ at 27 Hz, and the rectified DC output voltage reaches 1.84 V, which shows coincidence with simulation results and is proved to be sufficient for powering LED electronics.

Costs of transport for the scyphomedusa Stomolophus meleagris L. Agassiz

1987 ◽  
Vol 65 (11) ◽  
pp. 2690-2695 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. Larson
Keyword(s):  
Output Power ◽  
Power Function ◽  
Power Output ◽  
Reynolds Numbers ◽  
Power Input ◽  
Cost Of Transport ◽  
Swimming Efficiency ◽  
Wet Weight ◽  
Planktonic Crustaceans ◽  
Stomolophus Meleagris

The rhizostome scyphomedusa Stomolophus meleagris swims continuously at speeds up to 15 cm∙s−1. Mean velocities increased as a power function of wet weight up to 70 g but were mostly constant thereafter. Bell pulsations ranged from 1.7 to 3.6 Hz. Reynolds numbers equalled 900 – 13 000. During activity, medusae consumed 0.05 mL O2∙h−1∙g WW−1 (1.2 mL O2∙h−1∙g DW−1), at 30 °C. Rates for inactive medusae were 50% less. The estimated cost of transport ranged from 2 J∙kg−1∙m−1 at 5 g to 1 J∙kg−1∙m−1 at 1 kg. These rates are comparable to those of fishes and about 1/50th that of planktonic crustaceans. These results were unexpected in light of the typical inefficiency (power output/power input) of jet swimming. However, S. meleagris has a very low respiration rate relative to crustaceans and fish, which probably compensated for low swimming efficiency.

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