Diversity of filamentous and yeast fungi in soil of citrus and grapevine plantations in the Assiut region, Egypt.

2016 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed A. Abdel-Sater ◽  
Abdel-Aal H. Moubasher ◽  
Zeinab S.m. Soliman
Keyword(s):  
Yeast Fungi

Microscopic fungi of lithobiont communities of Argentine Islands Region: Data from the 22nd Ukrainian Antarctic Expedition

2020 ◽  
Vol 62 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 49-68
Author(s):  
T. O. Kondratiuk ◽  
T. V. Beregova ◽  
I. Yu. Parnikoza ◽  
S. Y. Kondratyuk ◽  
A. Thell
Keyword(s):  
Filamentous Fungi ◽  
Mucor Circinelloides ◽  
Biologically Active Substances ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Microscopic Fungi ◽  
Rhodotorula Rubra ◽  
Yeast Fungi ◽  
Antarctic Expedition ◽  
Geomyces Pannorum ◽  
Active Substances

The identification of the diversity of microscopic fungi of lithobiont communities of the Argentine Islands in specimens collected during the 22nd Ukrainian Antarctic Expedition was the purpose of this work. Samples of rock, soil, mosses and lichens of rock micro-habitats of “Crustose lichen sub-formation and fruticose lichen and moss cushion sub-formation” were used in the work. These samples were used for extracting and cultivation of filamentous fungi on dense nutrient media. Determination of physiological and biochemical characteristics and identification of yeast-like fungi were performed using a microbiological analyser ‘Vitek-2’ (‘Bio Merieux’, France). Cultivation of microorganisms was carried out at temperatures from +2 to +37 °C. In results cultures of microscopic fungi of Zygomycota (Mucor circinelloides), Ascomycota (species of the genera cf. Tlielebolus, Talaromyces), representatives of the Anamorphic fungi group (Geomyces pannorum, species of the genera Alternaria, Acremonium, Aspergillus, Penicillium, and Cladosporium) were isolated from Antarctic samples. Microscopic fungi Penicillium spp. were dominated after the frequency in the studied samples (54.5%). Rhodotorula rubra and Candida sp. among isolated yeast fungi, and dark pigmented fungi represented by Aureobasidium pulhdans and Exophiala spp. were identified. The biological properties of a number of isolated fungi (the potential ability to synthesise important biologically active substances: melanins, carotenoids, lipids) are characterised. Mycobiota of rock communities of Argentine Islands is rich on filamentous and yeast fungi similarly to other regions of Antarctica. A number of fungi investigated are potentially able to synthesise biologically active substances. The dark pigmented species of the genera Cladosporium, Exophiala, Aureobasidium pulhdans, capable of melanin synthesis; ‘red’ yeast Rhodotorula rubra (carotenoid producers and resistant to toxic metals); Mucor circinelloides and Geomyces pannorum, lipid producers, are among these fungi. Yeast-like fungi assimilated a wide range of carbohydrates, which will allow them to be further used for cultivation in laboratory and process conditions. The collection of technologically promising strains of microorganisms, part of the Culture Collection of Fungi at Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv (Ukraine), is updated with isolated species (strains) of filamentous fungi and yeast – potential producers of biologically active substances, obtained within this study.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Activity of L-Lysine and Poly-L-Lysine with Pulsed Electric Fields

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 2708
Author(s):  
Jurgita Švedienė ◽  
Vitalij Novickij ◽  
Rokas Žalnėravičius ◽  
Vita Raudonienė ◽  
Svetlana Markovskaja ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electric Fields ◽  
Pulsed Electric Fields ◽  
Antimicrobial Treatment ◽  
Treatment Development ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Yeast Fungi ◽  
New Treatment ◽  
First Time ◽  
Resistant Microorganism ◽  
Susceptibility Patterns

For the first time, the possibility to use L-lysine (Lys) and poly-L-lysine (PLL) as additives with pulsed electric fields (PEF) for antimicrobial treatment is reported. The antimicrobial efficacy of Lys and PLL for Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Trichophyton rubrum and Candida albicans was determined. Inactivation of microorganisms was also studied by combining Lys and PLL with PEF of 15 and 30 kV/cm. For PEF treatment, pulses of 0.5, 1, 10 or 100 μs were applied in a sequence of 10 to 5000 at 1 kHz frequency. The obtained results showed that 100 μs pulses were the most effective in combination with Lys and PLL for all microorganisms. Equivalent energy PEF bursts with a shorter duration of the pulse were less effective independently on PEF amplitude. Additionally, various treatment susceptibility patterns of microorganisms were determined and reported. In this study, the Gram-negative E. coli was the most treatment-resistant microorganism. Nevertheless, inactivation rates exceeding 2 log viability reduction were achieved for all analyzed yeast, fungi, and bacteria. This methodology could be used for drug-resistant microorganism’s new treatment development.

Sequence comparison and expression analysis of an inferred Na+/Pi cotransporter gene in the marine diatom Skeletonema tropicum

2021 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-80
Author(s):  
Shr-Hau Hung ◽  
Yung-Hsiu Lu ◽  
Chih-Ching Chung ◽  
Chi-Yu Shih ◽  
Gwo-Ching Gong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Structure Prediction ◽  
Secondary Structure Prediction ◽  
Higher Plants ◽  
Photochemical Efficiency ◽  
Marine Diatom ◽  
Physiological Status ◽  
Homologous Gene ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Sequence Alignments ◽  
Yeast Fungi

Abstract Unicellular algae have evolved to express many forms of high-affinity phosphate transporters, and homologs of these proteins are broadly distributed in yeast, fungi, higher plants, and vertebrates. In this report, an effort has been made to characterize such a transporter gene, StPHO, in the marine diatom Skeletonema tropicum. The primers used for polymerase chain reaction were designed by referring to a homologous gene in a prasinophyte, and the full-length (1692 bp) cDNA of StPHO was then cloned and sequenced. Sequence alignments and secondary structure prediction indicated that StPHO is a gene that encodes a type III Na+/Pi cotransporter (SLC20 family). To study the function of StPHO, specific concentrations of inorganic phosphate (Pi) were used to alter the physiological status of S. tropicum. In each treatment, samples were collected for the measurements of StPHO mRNA, [PO4 3−], cell abundance, the maximal photochemical efficiency of photosystem II (F v /F m ), and alkaline phosphatase activity (APA). The results indicated that the ambient [PO4 3−] strongly affected the population growth and related physiological parameters of S. tropicum. The transcription of StPHO was fully repressed when the [PO4 3−] was greater than 1 μM but increased approximately 100-fold when the ambient [PO4 3−] decreased to 0.02 μM. Within this [PO4 3−] range, the regression equations are Y = −0.6644X + 0.9034 and Y = −0.5908X + 0.8054 for Pi-starved and Pi-limited treatments, respectively. This trend of gene expression suggested that StPHO plays an important role in the uptake of [PO4 3−], and StPHO may serve as a useful molecular biomarker for Pi-stressed diatom populations in marine ecosystems.

Interaction of azole derivatives with cytochrome P-450 isozymes in yeast, fungi, plants and mammalian cells

1987 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 289-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hugo Vanden Bossche ◽  
Patrick Marichal ◽  
Jos Gorrens ◽  
Danny Bellens ◽  
Hugo Verhoeven ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mammalian Cells ◽  
Yeast Fungi ◽  
Cytochrome P 450

scholarly journals Melanin synthesis by black yeast-like fungi Psedonadsoniella brunnea: dependence of L-tyrosine quantity in the cultural medium

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Kondratiuk ◽  
T. Beregova ◽  
T. Akulenko ◽  
Ie. Torgalo ◽  
V. Vereschaka
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Medium ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Statistical Processing ◽  
Black Yeast ◽  
Malt Extract ◽  
Melanin Synthesis ◽  
Optimal Conditions ◽  
Cultural Medium ◽  
Yeast Fungi ◽  
Series Of Experiments

To determine the optimal conditions for the synthesis of melanin by black yeast fungi Pseudonadsoniella brunnea (Basidiomycota, Agaricomycotina, Agaricomycetes, Polyporales, Meripilaceae), depending on the amount of L-tyrosine in the culture medium was the purpose of the work. The standard Malt Extract Broth (MEB) liquid nutrient medium was used within this study. L-tyrosine was added to the culture medium in a quantity of 0.01, 0.025 and 0.05%.To obtain the melanin the cultivation of Pseudonadsoniella brunnea was carried out at pH 1-1.5, temperature + 21 ± 1 ° C during 7 days. Statistical processing of the results was carried out using generally accepted methods of variation statistics. It has been established that the level of melanin synthesis by black yeast-like fungi Pseudonadsoniella brunnea depends on the amount of L-tyrosine introduced into the culture medium. The MEB nutrient medium containing 0.05% L-tyrosine in this series of experiments found to be the best composition for obtaining melanin by the strain-producer Pseudonadsoniella brunnea. Compared to control (MEB without L-tyrosine), the amount of melanin synthesized by Ps. brunnea in these conditions increased by 2.5 times. The further research into the optimal conditions for the cultivation of black yeast-like fungi Pseudonadsoniella brunnea in order to obtain melanin is relevant and promising.

scholarly journals BIODIVERSITY OF FILAMENTOUS AND YEAST FUNGI IN CITRUS AND GRAPE FRUITS AND JUICES IN ASSIUT AREA, EGYPT

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 353-365
Author(s):  
Abdel-Aal Hassan Moubasher ◽  
Mohamed Ahmed Abdel–Sater ◽  
Zeinab Soliman
Keyword(s):  
Yeast Fungi

scholarly journals Yeasts and filamentous fungi in psittacidae and birds of prey droppings in midwest region of Brazil: a potential hazard to human health

2019 ◽  
Vol 79 (3) ◽  
pp. 414-422 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. B. Simi ◽  
D. P. Leite-Jr ◽  
C. R. Paula ◽  
H. D. Hoffmann-Santos ◽  
D. T. Takahara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birds Of Prey ◽  
Potential Hazard ◽  
Bubo Virginianus ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Rhea Americana ◽  
Bird Droppings ◽  
Yeast Fungi ◽  
Harpia Harpyja ◽  
Midwest Region ◽  
Ara Macao

Abstract Birds of prey and from Psittacidae family are host to fungal microbiota and play an important role in the epidemiology of zoonoses. Few studies in the literature have characterized mycelial and yeast fungi in the droppings of these birds and correlated the isolates with the zoonotic potential of the microorganisms. Droppings from 149 birds were evaluated and divided into two groups: captive: Rhea americana araneipes, Primolius maracana, Ara ararauna, Ara chloropterus, Anodorhynchus hyacinthinus, Amazona aestiva, Ara macao macao, Ramphastos toco, Sarcoramphus papa, Busarellus nigricollis, Bubo virginianus nacurutu, Buteogallus coronatus, Buteogallus urubitinga urubitinga, Spizaetus melanoleucus, Spizaetus ornatus ornatus, Buteo albonotatus, Geranoaetus albicaudatus albicaudatus, Rupornis magnirostris magnirostris and Harpia harpyja, and quarantined birds: Amazona aestiva and Eupsitulla aurea. The fungal isolates were identified according to macroscopic (gross colony appearance), micromorphological and biochemical characteristics. Among birds displayed in enclosures, Aspergillus niger (41.1%) and Candida kefyr (63.8%) were the fungi most frequently isolated in Harpia harpyja and Ramphastos toco, respectively. For quarantined birds, the following percentages were observed in Eupsittula aurea , (76.6%) C. krusei, (84.4%) C. kefyr and (15.2%) C. famata, while in Amazona aestiva, (76.2%) C. krusei was observed. These findings indicate potentially pathogenic species in the bird droppings assessed, which constitute a risk of exposure for keepers and individuals who visit the zoo. Birds of the Cerrado and Pantanal of Mato Grosso (Central Western region of Brazil) could act in the epidemiological chain of important zoonoses.

Pathogenic Fungi Isolated from Desiccated Mushrooms, Seaweed, Anchovies and Rice Sticks Imported from the Orient1

1987 ◽  
Vol 50 (11) ◽  
pp. 933-939 ◽  
Author(s):  
NURIA KAZANAS
Keyword(s):  
Intraperitoneal Injection ◽  
Fungal Pathogens ◽  
Sporothrix Schenckii ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Opportunistic Fungi ◽  
Toxigenic Fungi ◽  
Yeast Fungi ◽  
Commercial Sources ◽  
Etiological Agents ◽  
The U.S

Desiccated mushrooms, seaweed, rice sticks and anchovies imported from the Orient were obtained from commercial sources or from products detained by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration and examined for pathogenic fungi. The etiological agents isolated were mycelial and yeast fungi known to produce deep sporotrichosis, phaeohyphomycosis, mycetoma, chromoblastomycosis, candidosis and cryptococcosis. Other fungi isolated were opportunistic fungi and/or producers of mycotoxins. Total mold counts in the foods examined varied from 2 × 102 to 5 × 106. The predominant pathogens in the mushrooms were Sporothrix schenckii and Wangiella dermatitidis, and counts in the mushrooms imported from Thailand and Taiwan were as high as 1 × 106; however, these pathogens were not isolated from rice sticks, seaweed or anchovies. All presumed pathogenic strains were pathogenic for mice by intraperitoneal injection of 1 × 106 to 107 conidia in saline suspension. It was concluded that food can harbor “virulent” fungal pathogens and potentially opportunistic invaders as well as potentially toxigenic fungi.

Antimicrobial peptides: an overview of a promising class of therapeutics

2007 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Giuliani ◽  
Giovanna Pirri ◽  
Silvia Nicoletto
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Peptides ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Yeast Fungi ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
New Development ◽  
Catheter Site ◽  
Conventional Antibiotics

AbstractAntibiotic resistance is increasing at a rate that far exceeds the pace of new development of drugs. Antimicrobial peptides, both synthetic and from natural sources, have raised interest as pathogens become resistant against conventional antibiotics. Indeed, one of the major strengths of this class of molecules is their ability to kill multidrug-resistant bacteria. Antimicrobial peptides are relatively small (6 to 100 aminoacids), amphipathic molecules of variable length, sequence and structure with activity against a wide range of microorganisms including bacteria, protozoa, yeast, fungi, viruses and even tumor cells. They usually act through relatively non-specific mechanisms resulting in membranolytic activity but they can also stimulate the innate immune response. Several peptides have already entered pre-clinical and clinical trials for the treatment of catheter site infections, cystic fibrosis, acne, wound healing and patients undergoing stem cell transplantation. We review the advantages of these molecules in clinical applications, their disadvantages including their low in vivo stability, high costs of production and the strategies for their discovery and optimization.

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