scholarly journals Assessment of Producing Abilities of Farmland in a Limited Water Supply Environment of Uzbekistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 49-57
Author(s):  
A. Babajanov ◽  
B. Inamov ◽  
Kh. Abdivaitov
Keyword(s):  
Economic Evaluation ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Natural Soil ◽  
Soil Productivity ◽  
Economic Issues ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Methodological Aspects ◽  
Supply Environment ◽  
Land Assessment

This article is investigated the calculation of the natural soil productivity of agricultural land plots in the current conditions of limited water supply in the Republic of Uzbekistan, which is considered one of the developing countries of Central Asia, i. e., it studies both theoretical and methodological aspects of determining the soil assessment and issues of economic land assessment based on it. That is why the rational and efficient use of irrigation water in today’s restricted distribution is one of the most important issues for any economy, and it is important to consider the evaluation of soils and economic evaluation of irrigated land, a land assessment, the positive solution of a number of economic issues.

LAND RECLAMATION OF AGRICULTURAL LAND IN THE REPUBLIC OF SAKHA (YAKUTIA) IN THE CONDITIONS OF CLIMATE CHANGE

2021 ◽  
pp. 14-20
Author(s):  
M. I. LOSKIN ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Land Reclamation ◽  
Rural Settlements ◽  
Water Pipelines ◽  
Group Water ◽  
Agricultural Water Supply ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Impact

The current state of agricultural land reclamation in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), its role in agricultural production of the republic, taking into account the impact of climate change on irrigation facilities, is considered. It has been established that at present in the sphere of public administration in the field of land reclamation in the republic there are estuary irrigation systems, drainage systems and agricultural water supply facilities, as well as group water pipelines for water supply of rural settlements and irrigation of agricultural land.

Preliminary Calculation of the Solar Water-Lifting Installation

2020 ◽  
pp. 132-137
Author(s):  
Aleksandr S. Parakhnich ◽  
Leonid Yu. Yuferev
Keyword(s):  
Solar Energy ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Water Extraction ◽  
Research Purpose ◽  
Technical Solution ◽  
Engineering Structures ◽  
Crimean Peninsula ◽  
Solar Water ◽  
The Republic

Agriculture is one of the most important elements of the economic complex of the Republic of Crimea, which is confirmed by the high development of territories, about 70 percent of the area. To eliminate the acute shortage of water, the article proposes an autonomous system powered by solar energy. This will make it possible to provide water for irrigation on agricultural land. (Research purpose) The research purpose is in searching for and justifying optimal technical solutions for eliminating the problem of water supply to agricultural enterprises of the Republic of Crimea. (Materials and methods) Authors have analyzed the agro-climatic features of the Crimean Peninsula. The article presents the data on the depth of the aquifer on the territory of Crimea, the annual energy potential of solar and wind energy. The article proposes a variant of water supply using artesian water extraction systems powered by solar energy. Authors have calculated the parameters of the solar water supply system. The article presents a diagram of its work. (Results and discussion) The main advantage of a solar installation for water extraction is the ability to use it autonomously in remote areas, without resorting to the construction of expensive engineering structures, which allows us to solve the problem of water supply locally. To ensure the irrigation rate of the apple tree on the territory of one hectare with sufficient solar insolation, a water-based photovoltaic installation is a suitable technical solution. The article presents the total capacity and area of the photovoltaic plant. (Conclusions) The area of the photovoltaic station does not exceed one percent of the total area of the irrigated field. This installation will make it possible to solve the problem of water supply in the region, increase productivity and the overall standard of living of the population. The installation occupies a small area and has a high performance.

USE AND PROTECTION OF WATER RESOURCES OF AZERBAIJAN

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramiz Tagirov ◽  
◽  
Maya Zeynalova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Fresh Water ◽  
Water Consumption ◽  
Cultivated Land ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Active Temperature

The article examines the problem of fresh water, since in terms of water supply from its own resources per capita and per 1 km2, the republic is 8 times behind Georgia, 2 times behind Armenia. Significant water consumption in Azerbaijan is caused by its arid territory with a predominance of active temperature and a lack of precipitation, which leads to intensive irrigation of crops. At the same time, artificial irrigation is used on 70% of the cultivated land.

scholarly journals The Soil Organic Matter in Connection with Soil Properties and Soil Inputs

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 779
Author(s):  
Václav Voltr ◽  
Ladislav Menšík ◽  
Lukáš Hlisnikovský ◽  
Martin Hruška ◽  
Eduard Pokorný ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Texture ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Natural Soil ◽  
Soil Productivity ◽  
Linear Regression Models

The content of organic matter in the soil, its labile (hot water extractable carbon–HWEC) and stable (soil organic carbon–SOC) form is a fundamental factor affecting soil productivity and health. The current research in soil organic matter (SOM) is focused on individual fragmented approaches and comprehensive evaluation of HWEC and SOC changes. The present state of the soil together with soil’s management practices are usually monitoring today but there has not been any common model for both that has been published. Our approach should help to assess the changes in HWEC and SOC content depending on the physico-chemical properties and soil´s management practices (e.g., digestate application, livestock and mineral fertilisers, post-harvest residues, etc.). The one- and multidimensional linear regressions were used. Data were obtained from the various soil´s climatic conditions (68 localities) of the Czech Republic. The Czech farms in operating conditions were observed during the period 2008–2018. The obtained results of ll monitored experimental sites showed increasing in the SOC content, while the HWEC content has decreased. Furthermore, a decline in pH and soil´s saturation was documented by regression modelling. Mainly digestate application was responsible for this negative consequence across all soils in studied climatic regions. The multivariate linear regression models (MLR) also showed that HWEC content is significantly affected by natural soil fertility (soil type), phosphorus content (−30%), digestate application (+29%), saturation of the soil sorption complex (SEBCT, 21%) and the dose of total nitrogen (N) applied into the soil (−20%). Here we report that the labile forms (HWEC) are affected by the application of digestate (15%), the soil saturation (37%), the application of mineral potassium (−7%), soil pH (−14%) and the overall condition of the soil (−27%). The stable components (SOM) are affected by the content of HWEC (17%), soil texture 0.01–0.001mm (10%), and input of organic matter and nutrients from animal production (10%). Results also showed that the mineral fertilization has a negative effect (−14%), together with the soil depth (−11%), and the soil texture 0.25–2 mm (−21%) on SOM. Using modern statistical procedures (MRLs) it was confirmed that SOM plays an important role in maintaining resp. improving soil physical, biochemical and biological properties, which is particularly important to ensure the productivity of agroecosystems (soil quality and health) and to future food security.

scholarly journals Agriculture and land use in the North of Russia: Case study of Karelia and Yakutia

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 1497-1511
Author(s):  
Alexey Naumov ◽  
Varvara Akimova ◽  
Daria Sidorova ◽  
Mikhail Topnikov
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Special Role ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Local Conditions ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
The North ◽  
The Republic

AbstractDespite harsh climate, agriculture on the northern margins of Russia still remains the backbone of food security. Historically, in both regions studied in this article – the Republic of Karelia and the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) – agricultural activities as dairy farming and even cropping were well adapted to local conditions including traditional activities such as horse breeding typical for Yakutia. Using three different sources of information – official statistics, expert interviews, and field observations – allowed us to draw a conclusion that there are both similarities and differences in agricultural development and land use of these two studied regions. The differences arise from agro-climate conditions, settlement history, specialization, and spatial pattern of economy. In both regions, farming is concentrated within the areas with most suitable natural conditions. Yet, even there, agricultural land use is shrinking, especially in Karelia. Both regions are prone to being affected by seasonality, but vary in the degree of its influence. Geographical location plays special role, and weaknesses caused by remoteness to some extent become advantage as in Yakutia. Proximity effect is controversial. In Karelia, impact of neighboring Finland is insignificant compared with the nearby second Russian city – Saint Petersburg.

scholarly journals Influence of the quality of drinking water supply sources on the formation of the ecologically-dependent pathology of the population of the Republic of Dagestan

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 168-176
Author(s):  
M. G. Daudova ◽  
R. B. Bagomedova ◽  
K. K. Bekshokov ◽  
M. M. Medzhidova ◽  
S. M. Nakhibashev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Kidney Diseases ◽  
Ecological Condition ◽  
Drinking Water Quality ◽  
Chemical Contamination ◽  
The Republic

Aim. Study of the influence of drinking water quality on the ecologically-dependent morbidity of the population of the Republic of Dagestan.Material and Methods. Methods of current and retrospective analysis of regional health indicators and methods of mathematical-statistical and medical-geographical analysis were used. Statistical processing of the results was carried out using the STATISTICA and Excel software packages. When carrying out laboratory studies on the quality of drinking water, we used a Lumex atomic absorption spectrometer "MGA-915MD".Results. Numerous hygiene studies indicate the direct impact of unsatisfactory drinking water quality on the health of a population. The relationship between sanitary and chemical indicators and the incidence rate for a number of nosological forms has been proven. It is generally accepted that human health is influenced by lifestyle factors (working, living and relaxation conditions), heredity and the ecological condition of the area of residence, including the quality of drinking water. Although it is not possible to differentiate the share of the negative effect caused by the consumption of poor quality drinking water but the incidence of certain nosological forms (cancer of the esophagus, gastrointestinal tract and kidney diseases) in the those regions of the Republic of Dagestan under consideration correlates with the characteristics of drinking water.Conclusion. The problem of pollution of water supply sources for the population in the dynamics of the long-term remains a priority concern. The quality and safety of drinking water are decreasing, which cannot but have a negative impact on public health. Correlation linkages between indicators of drinking water quality and oncological morbidity of the population were also established in indicators below the maximum permissible concentrations, which corresponds to a typical logistic model of causal relationships and serves as evidence of the high dependence of health disorders on chemical contamination of water supply sources. 

scholarly journals Dampak Cemaran Residu Klorpirifos Terhadap Penurunan Kualitas Lingkungan pada Lahan Pertanian

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-40
Author(s):  
Harry Fadillah Pratama ◽  
Supriyanto Supriyanto ◽  
Nisa Nurhidayanti
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Method ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Soil Productivity ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Maximum Residue Limit ◽  
Soil C ◽  
Regression Test ◽  
Chlorpyrifos Residue ◽  
The Impact

Abstrak Bawang merah merupakan salah satu komoditas hortikultural penting yang dikonsumsi oleh penduduk Indonesia. Insektisida golongan organofosfat yang digunakan petani bawang merah mengandung senyawa klorpirifos. Penggunaan pestisida dengan intensitas yang terlalu tinggi dan berkelanjutan menimbulkan berbagai masalah kesehatan dan pencemaran lingkungan, penurunan produktivitas tanah, keracunan pada hewan dan manusia. Penelitian ini menganalisis dampak cemaran residu klorpirifos terhadap penurunan kualitas lingkungan pada lahan pertanian. Metode pengambilan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling. Penentuan kadar residu klorpirifos dalam tanah menggunakan gas kromatografi dengan detektor ECD dan uji regresi linear. Kadar residu klorpirifos terbesar pada penggunaan insektisida dengan konsentrasi 1,0% atau 10.000 mg/kg yaitu sebesar 1,83 mg/kg. Hasil pengujian sampel A, B, C, D dan E menunjukkan tingginya kadar residu klorpirifos karena melebihi batas maksimum residu klorpirifos sebesar 2 mg/kg. Dampak cemaran residu klorpirifos dalam tanah dapat menyebabkan perubahan pH, turunnya jumlah organisme dalam tanah serta turunnya kandungan C-organik dan N-total tanah. Abstract  Shallots are one of the important horticultural commodities that are consumed by Indonesians. The organophosphate class insecticide used by shallot farmers contains chlorpyrifos compounds. The use of pesticides with too high intensity and sustainable causes various health problems and environmental pollution, decreased soil productivity, is potentially poisoning to animals and humans. The study analysed the impact of chlorpyrifos residue contamination on environmental quality degradation in agricultural land. The sampling method used was purposive sampling.The determination of chlorpyrifos residue in the soil was undertakeun using gas chromatography with an ECD detector and a linear regression test. The highest residual chlorpyrifos concentration was found in the use of insecticides with a concentration of 1.0% or 10,000 mg / kg, which was 1.83 mg / kg. The test results of samples A, B, C, D and E showed high levels of chlorpyrifos residue because they exceeded the maximum residue limit of 2 mg / kg chlorpyrifos. The impact of chlorpyrifos residue contamination in the soil can cause pH changes, a decrease in the number of organisms in the soil and a decrease in the total soil C-organic and N-content.

scholarly journals New Approaches to Developing the Integral Indicator Methodology for Estimating the Financial Efficiency of Agricultural Entities in Poland, the Republic of Moldova, and EU Countries

2019 ◽  
Vol 19(34) (4) ◽  
pp. 103-112
Author(s):  
Mariusz Trojak ◽  
Barbara Kiełbasa ◽  
Daniela Popa ◽  
Aliona Sargo
Keyword(s):  
Concentration Index ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Food Products ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Financial Efficiency ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Republic Of Moldova ◽  
Fixed Assets ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Labor Resources

Economic literature pays a great deal of attention to economic and financial efficiency, expressed in terms of competition, concentration, productivity and profitability. This paper provides an all-embracing framework for the various existing theories in this area and illustrates these theories with practical applications. Currently, changing the size of the production potential in agricultural units in the Republic of Moldova depends to a great extent on the influence of different trends in the modification of production resources: the reduction of labor resources and agricultural land, quantitative and qualitative changes in fixed assets, and in current assets, etc. The notion of resource potential means the totality of the volume of all resources (natural, labor, material, intellectual, information, etc.) on specific enterprises, territories, branches, regions. Evaluating a broad field of research, the paper describes profit maximizing food products and demonstrates how several widely-used products can be fit into this framework. The authors also present an overview of the current major trends in the food sector and relate them to the assumptions for food products, thereby displaying their relevance and timeliness. The results include a set of recommendations for future research on this topic. The design, methodology and approach of this research is to explain why efficiency can help obtain a profit surplus, and to measure this efficiency. For quality of methodology we apply a range of statistical methods, as well as the strategic capability of organisations – made up of resources and competences. One way to approach the stategic capability of an organisation is to consider its strengths and weaknesses (for example, where it has a competitive advantage, profit, efficiency or disadvantage). Based on our research and results, we sought to understand the concepts of financial effciency and to apply these concepts to practical situations. At the start of each analysis entrepreneurship plays an important role. Most organisations have to innovate constantly to obtain profit and efficiency for food products. They need to be first into a market, or simply a follower of customers in developing new products and services. Original studies in Moldova and Poland regarding farm concentration in terms of Gini Coefficient, Gini Index and Concentration Index of the utilized agricultural area. Original calculus formula to determine the Concentration Index of the UAA for the top 10% largest farms in Moldova and UK.

scholarly journals The Lobe-Type Agitator Parameters of the Seed-Metering Unit in the Seed-Fertilizer Drill Justification

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 20-24
Author(s):  
D. Z. Yeskhozhin ◽  
S. O. Nukeshev ◽  
G. I. Lichman ◽  
Ye. S. Akhmetov ◽  
K. D. Yeskhozhin
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Soil Productivity ◽  
Theoretical Studies ◽  
Total Resistance ◽  
Applied Mechanics ◽  
Main Indicator ◽  
Farm Produce ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Seed Medium ◽  
Livestock Products

Livestock products are the most important component of the actual total volume of farm produce. A reliable fodder base is required to increase their quantity and quality. The most part of the natural forage lands of the Republic of Kazakhstan is located in areas with insufficient water availability and low soil productivity. When they are used intensively, they are thinned and degraded. Their restoration and improving is possible if effective technologies and technical means are effected. However, the existing methods for improving and restoring forage lands and the technical means for their implementation are not adapted to the natural­climatic and agrobiological features of the zone of Central and Northern Kazakhstan, which feature insufficient moisture supply and low productivity.The main indicator of the effectiveness of the use of fodder crop seeds is their uniform distribution in the soil. However, most of them, due to their poor flowability, form dome structures of different sizes in front of seeding openings, which hinder the seeding process. To increase the flowability of such seeds, they are mixed with sand, sawdust, fertilizer and other materials. However, during the operation of seeders, the mixture is stratified according to its specific gravity. (The research purpose) is to develop a lobe­type agitator, which prevents the formation of a dome over seed holes. (Materials and methods) Theoretical studies have been carried out using the methods of classical and applied mechanics, as well as special sections of higher mathematics. (Results and discussion) The authors have experimentally confirmed the main parameters of the agitator and its resistance to movement in a seed medium. Experimental studies have been carried out on the basis of GOST 31345­2007. The studies have confirmed that a four­lobe agitator with an external radius of 0.06 m and an inclination angle to the plane of rotation 20°, mounted on the fertilizer drill SZS­2.0, has shown a total resistance of 3,042 kg with a design value of 2.925 kg. (Conclusions) The obtained results can be offered to the designers and developers of machines of the considered type when calculating and designing their working elements.

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