The scientific bibliography of Roberto Lawley (1818–1881) and his contribution to the study of fossil sharks

2006 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 267-281
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Manganelli ◽  
Andrea Benocci ◽  
Valeriano Spadini
Keyword(s):  
New Taxa ◽  
Scientific Community ◽  
Publishing House ◽  
Main Interest ◽  
Private Collection ◽  
Scientific Papers

Roberto Massimo Lawley (1818–1881) was a non-academic naturalist who made a major contribution to the Tuscan scientific community of his time. He was involved in the foundation of two societies (Società Italiana di Malacologia, 1874–1899; Società Toscana di Scienze Naturali, 1874–today) and a publishing house (Biblioteca Malacologica Italiana). He first devoted himself to malacology, but Neogene fossil fishes became his main interest. Over the years, he gathered a huge private collection of fossils and produced 18 scientific papers, dealing mainly with fossil sharks. Subsequent revisers criticized his approach to fossil taxa: their observations were generally sound, but they failed to fully recognize Lawley's scientific merits. His scientific papers, new taxa established by him and eponymys are given in the Appendix.

What Happens after Publication?

2020 ◽  
pp. 99-116
Author(s):  
Alan Kelly
Keyword(s):  
Information Transfer ◽  
Scientific Community ◽  
Cold Fusion ◽  
First Report ◽  
Scientific Papers ◽  
Micro Organisms ◽  
The Way

This chapter explores in detail what happens after a paper is published, in terms of the ways in which papers have an impact, the importance of subsequent citations, and how the importance of a paper to its parent field can be eventually judged. This is illustrated by following the citation trends of several key historical scientific papers (e.g., Watson and Crick on DNA, the first report of the identification of Buckminsterfullerene) and exploring rates of citation, the peak citation times, the manner in which the papers were referred to at different times, and, in general, the way in which ripples of information transfer across the scientific community. Examples of papers to which reaction was negative (e.g., the report on cold fusion) or mixed (NASA’s report of possible fossil micro-organisms in Martian rock) are also discussed.

scholarly journals KGen: a knowledge graph generator from biomedical scientific literature

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (S4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anderson Rossanez ◽  
Julio Cesar dos Reis ◽  
Ricardo da Silva Torres ◽  
Hélène de Ribaupierre
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Language Processing ◽  
Scientific Community ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Software Tool ◽  
Scientific Texts ◽  
New Knowledge ◽  
Scientific Papers ◽  
Biomedical Texts

Abstract Background Knowledge is often produced from data generated in scientific investigations. An ever-growing number of scientific studies in several domains result into a massive amount of data, from which obtaining new knowledge requires computational help. For example, Alzheimer’s Disease, a life-threatening degenerative disease that is not yet curable. As the scientific community strives to better understand it and find a cure, great amounts of data have been generated, and new knowledge can be produced. A proper representation of such knowledge brings great benefits to researchers, to the scientific community, and consequently, to society. Methods In this article, we study and evaluate a semi-automatic method that generates knowledge graphs (KGs) from biomedical texts in the scientific literature. Our solution explores natural language processing techniques with the aim of extracting and representing scientific literature knowledge encoded in KGs. Our method links entities and relations represented in KGs to concepts from existing biomedical ontologies available on the Web. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our method by generating KGs from unstructured texts obtained from a set of abstracts taken from scientific papers on the Alzheimer’s Disease. We involve physicians to compare our extracted triples from their manual extraction via their analysis of the abstracts. The evaluation further concerned a qualitative analysis by the physicians of the generated KGs with our software tool. Results The experimental results indicate the quality of the generated KGs. The proposed method extracts a great amount of triples, showing the effectiveness of our rule-based method employed in the identification of relations in texts. In addition, ontology links are successfully obtained, which demonstrates the effectiveness of the ontology linking method proposed in this investigation. Conclusions We demonstrate that our proposal is effective on building ontology-linked KGs representing the knowledge obtained from biomedical scientific texts. Such representation can add value to the research in various domains, enabling researchers to compare the occurrence of concepts from different studies. The KGs generated may pave the way to potential proposal of new theories based on data analysis to advance the state of the art in their research domains.

scholarly journals Poljičke isprave – čuvanje, zaštita i prezentacija dokumenata iz arhiva Poljičke republike pisanih bosančicom = Poljica Documents – Protection and Presentation of Documents from the Archive of the Poljica Republic Written in Bosančica

Bosniaca ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (26) ◽  
pp. 72-80
Author(s):  
Ismet Ovčina ◽  
Mehmed Kardaš ◽  
Muamera Smajić
Keyword(s):  
Bosnia And Herzegovina ◽  
Scientific Community ◽  
Research Projects ◽  
Digital Collections ◽  
University Library ◽  
Special Collections ◽  
Scientific Papers ◽  
Ongoing Project

Zbog svojih jedinstvenih i rijetkih kolekcija, Specijalne zbirke Nacionalne i univerzitetske biblioteke Bosne i Hercegovine (NUBBiH) su nezamjenjiv izvor za mnogostruke istraživačke projekte i naučne radove. Već dugi niz godina NUBBiH ulaže napor da putem svojih projekata naučnoj zajednici pobliže predstavi vrijedne kolekcije Specijalnih zbirki. Da bi se korisnicima osigurao brži i lakši pristup građi, a ujedno i zaštitili originalni dokumenti od njihovog daljeg propadanja, građa koja je obuhvaćena projektima digitalizira se i prezentira kroz Digitalne kolekcije NUBBiH. U ovom radu predstavit ćemo jedan takav projekt, a to je projekt zaštite i prezentacije Arhiva poljičkih isprava iz Zbirke Aleksandra Poljanića te ćemo prikazati dosadašnje rezultate, kao i krajnje ciljeve ovoga projekta. = The Special Collections of the National and University Library of Bosnia and Herzegovina (NULBIH) are an irreplaceable source for multiple research projects and scientific papers. For many years, NULBIH has been strengthening efforts to present values of Special Collections to the scientific community through its projects. To provide users with faster and easier access to the material, and at the same time to protect the original documents from their further deterioration, the materials covered by the projects are digitized and presented through the Digital Collections portal of the National and University Library of BIH. In this article, we will present the ongoing project “Protection and presentation of the Poljica Documents Archive from the Collection of Aleksandar Poljanić” and so far, the results and ultimate goals of this project.

scholarly journals Studies of Musicology by Liliana Gherman

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 356-359
Author(s):  
Laura Otilia Vasiliu
Keyword(s):  
Critical Thinking ◽  
Analytical Methods ◽  
Publishing House ◽  
Compositional Techniques ◽  
Music Criticism ◽  
The Arts ◽  
Scientific Papers ◽  
National University ◽  
Musical Forms

AbstractLiliana Gherman (born in 1939) is a very well-known name in music criticism in Romania, the author being professor at ‘George Enescu’ National University of the Arts of Iași. Her writings have proven that her critical thinking is in line with the style of a whole generation of Romanian musicologists, such as Elena Zottoviceanu, Clemansa Liliana Firca, Gheorghe Firca or Grigore Constantinescu to name only a few. In her double capacity of professor of Musical Forms and musicologist-analyst, Liliana Gherman has published highly professional scientific papers, detecting modern compositional techniques and promoting contemporary Romanian creations through advanced analytical methods. The book that we review -Zăbave analitice. Studii de muzicologie (Analytical Depths. Studies of Musicology) (Artes Publishing House, Iași, 2019) - comprises the first part of her work as a musicologist.

scholarly journals Citizen (Science) Involvement in Data Digitization and Enrichment of the Insect Collection of the Museu Nacional de História Natural e da Ciência (Lisboa, Portugal)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis Lopes ◽  
Leonor Venceslau ◽  
Luís da Costa
Keyword(s):  
Citizen Science ◽  
Preliminary Analysis ◽  
Scientific Community ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Test Dataset ◽  
The Public ◽  
Private Collection ◽  
Historia Natural ◽  
Available Information ◽  
General User

The entomological collection of the Museu Nacional de História Natural e da Ciência (MUHNAC), Universidade de Lisboa, includes over 70,000 catalogued specimens, mostly from Portugal and some African countries (Lopes et al. 2016). However, many more remain uncatalogued and thus unavailable to the broader scientific community. To achieve our goal of full access, it is necessary to digitize and validate all data associated with these specimens. Recently, a large private collection, comprised of several thousand specimens compiled by José Passos de Carvalho, was donated to the Museum. These specimens are prepared and labelled, however no catalogue is available. Therefore, the only available information about each specimen is on the respective label(s). To acquire this information, specimens are being photographed along with their labels (Fig. 1). Since digitization of specimen labels is labor intensive, we decided to use the Zooniverse platform to involve the public in this task. To this end we have developed a project (currently being tested), entitled “MB07 - The Insects of the Museu Nacional de História Natural e da Ciência”, with a test dataset of 130 specimens of moths from the Sphingidae family (Insecta, Lepidoptera). The objective is to evaluate the potential of involving the public in the tasks of label transcription and taxonomic determination to enrich and speed collection digitization. We have developed two distinct workflows: i) one in which users are asked to transcribe information from specimen labels, therefore a pure digitization task; and ii) a second workflow in which volunteers are asked to contribute new taxonomic information based on the specimen images. Therefore, the first task should be accessible to the general user while the second is more directed towards taxonomic specialists and not intended for the general public. Here we present a preliminary analysis of our experience with this platform and of the obtained data.

A General Geometric Method for Identifying Singular Configurations of One-DOF Planar Mechanisms

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raffaele Di Gregorio
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Community ◽  
Singularity Analysis ◽  
Parallel Architectures ◽  
Geometric Method ◽  
Systems Of Equations ◽  
Planar Mechanisms ◽  
Main Interest ◽  
Singular Configurations ◽  
Geometric Conditions ◽  
General Method

The importance of finding singular configurations (singularities) of mechanisms has become clear since the interest of the scientific community for parallel architectures arose. Regarding the singularity analysis, the main interest has been devoted to architectures with more-than-one degree of freedom (dof) without realizing that one-dof mechanisms are commonly used and deserve the same attention. This paper addresses the singularity analysis of one-dof planar mechanisms. A general method for implementing this analysis will be presented. The presented method relies on the possibility of giving geometric conditions for any type of singularity. It can be used to generate systems of equations to solve either for finding the singularities of a given mechanism or to synthesize mechanisms that have to match specific requirements about the singularities.

Zoological nomina in the century of extinctions: new proposals

Bionomina ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alain Dubois
Keyword(s):  
New Taxa ◽  
Scientific Community ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
Biodiversity Crisis ◽  
Negative Role ◽  
Working Practices ◽  
The Way

The taxonomic urgency, caused by the combination of the taxonomic gap (wide incompleteness of the taxonomic inventory of living beings on earth) and the biodiversity crisis (major threats of extinction on a large part of the current biodiversity) imposes heavy responsibilities on the scientific community of biologists and particularly of taxonomists. In order to become more efficient in the work of description and naming of the species and other taxa, some changes in traditional working practices should be implemented. Among them, a simplification and standardisation of some nomenclatural Rules and practices, and in particular of the way of writing the scientific names of taxa (nomina) should be considered. Although traditionally considered important, authorship plays no role in the implementation of the nomenclatural Rules concerning availability, allocation and validity of nomina, and the traditional emphasis put on authorship in nomenclature plays in fact a negative role in taxonomy. Removing the names of authors, but not the date, from the nominal-complex by which each taxon is designated would de-emphasise the role of authorship in nomenclature. It would reduce the burden of nomenclatural taxonomic inflation and synonymy load due to nomenclatural mihilim and unwarranted descriptions of new taxa that will later have to be treated as synonyms. Other proposals regarding the standards and length of writing nominal-complexes in publications are offered, which should be beneficial not only to scientific publications using nomina of taxa, but also to the computerisation of nomenclatural information and its electronic diffusion. These proposed changes, some of which are drastic, should not be implemented at once, but in several steps, in order to be progressively adopted by the community of taxonomists.

The Entomological Contributions of Josef Nissley Knull (1891-1975)

Zootaxa ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
J. M. DAVIDSON ◽  
C. L. BELLAMY
Keyword(s):  
New Taxa ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Scientific Papers

The first bibliography of the scientific papers of Josef N. Knull (1891-1975) and list of names proposed are presented. One hundred and ninety four papers by Knull and his co-authors are listed along with a tabulation of the new taxa proposed in those works. Data are presented on dates of publication, location of types, and the current status of taxa described or considered by J. N. Knull and A. B. Champlain and J. N. Knull.

scholarly journals Military and Diplomatic History of the Khalkhin Gol War of 1939: New Concept of Mongolian Historian and Government Leader - R. Bold (Review of R. Bolds book «Limited War: The Military-Diplomatic History of the Battle at the Khalkhin Gol River». Moscow, The whole world, 2019. 568 p.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-176
Author(s):  
Yuriy Kuzmin ◽  
Alexander Sukhodolov ◽  
Avirmed Davaasuren
Keyword(s):  
Publishing House ◽  
The Other ◽  
Diplomatic History ◽  
Historical Science ◽  
Limited War ◽  
Scientific Papers ◽  
History Of ◽  
Government Leader ◽  
The One ◽  
The Military

More than 80 years have passed since notorious military events on the Khalkhin-Gol river in which four states took part: on the one hand, Japan and Manchukuo, on the other, the USSR and Mongolia. International scientific conferences were timed to coincide with this event, a lot of research was done, and relevant scientific papers were published. One of them was the book of Doctor of Historical Science R. Bold, «Limited War: The Military Diplomatic History of the Battle of the Khalkhin-Gol River», published by the Whole World Publishing House (2019 - 568 pp.), which proposed a slightly different interpretation of the historical battles at the Khalkhin-Gol river (May-September 1939). This article is a brief analysis of this book and a kind of review of it.

scholarly journals Portland Versus Alkaline Cement: Continuity or Clean Break: “A Key Decision for Global Sustainability”

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Palomo ◽  
O. Maltseva ◽  
I. Garcia-Lodeiro ◽  
A. Fernández-Jiménez
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Community ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Industrial Process ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Commercial Development ◽  
Scientific Papers ◽  
Clean Break ◽  
Alkali Activated Binders

This review undertakes rigorous analysis of much of the copious literature available to the scientific community on the use of alkali-activated binders (AABs) in construction. The authors’ main intention is to categorically refute arguments of that part of the scientific community underestimating or even dismissing the actual potential of AABs as alternatives to Portland cement (PC). The main premise invoked in support of those arguments is a presumed lack of material resources for precursors that would make AAB industrial-scale production unfeasible anywhere on the planet (a substantial number of scientific papers show that the raw materials required for AAB manufacture are in abundance worldwide). The review also analyses the role of alkaline activators in the chemistry of AABs; it is important to clarify and highlight that alkaline activators are not, by any means, confined to the two synthetic products (caustic soda and waterglass) mostly employed by researchers; other sustainable and efficient products are widely available. Finally, the review deals with the versatility of AAB production processes. The technologies required for the large scale manufacturing of AABs are mostly already in place in PC factories; actually no huge investment is required to transform a PC plant in a AAB factory; and quality and compositional uniformity of Alkaline Cements (binders produced through an industrial process) would be guaranteed. The last conclusions extracted from this review-paper are related with: i) the low carbon footprint of one-part AABs and ii) the urgent need of exploring standardization formulas allowing the commercial development of (sustainable) binders different from PC.

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